CN1274279A - 能改进胃肠道上部安全性的膜包衣片剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种新颖的于胃部释放的口服剂型,包括安全有效量的活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂,所述的活性组份选自依美溴铵、强力霉素和其它四环素类抗生素、铁制剂、奎尼丁、非甾族抗炎药、烯丙心安(阿普洛尔)、抗坏血酸、巯甲丙脯酸、茶碱、叠氮胸苷(AZT)、双膦酸盐或它们的混合物,其中所述的口服剂型通常具卵形并经膜包衣,能快速通过食道,并避免对嘴、口腔、咽和食道产生刺激。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新颖的口服剂型,它可防止口、口腔、咽、喉和食道的上皮和粘膜组织由于这些组织直接与活性组份接触而发生的糜烂、溃疡或其它刺激。该片剂是经修饰的卵形,并经膜包衣。本发明进一步涉及用本文揭示的新的膜包衣剂型来治疗或预防特征为钙和磷酸盐代谢异常的疾病的方法。
发明背景
口服某些活性组份有时在刚给药后会导致病人不适;所述的不适特征在于,病人胃灼热,食道灼热,吞咽时疼痛和/或困难,和/或胸骨后和/或胸骨体的疼痛。据信,这些不适来源于食道炎或食道刺激,它们由胃肠道上部的上皮和粘膜组织的糜蚀、溃疡或其它刺激而产生,所述的胃肠道上部通常是中口到胃,更一般的是食道。据推理,所述的刺激来自活性组分与这些上皮和粘膜组织直接接触。若剂型粘附在食道,活性组份会慢慢地溶解,在食道的粘膜表面产生高药物浓度。
具体有问题的药物是当药物溶解时pH低于2-3的药物,具有细胞毒性(腐蚀性)的药物和/或局部产生高渗溶液导致粘膜脱水的药物。这些活性组份包括,但不限于,依美溴铵(emperonium bormide)、强力霉素和其它四环素类抗生素、铁制剂、奎尼丁、非甾族抗炎药、烯丙心安(阿普洛尔)、抗坏血酸、巯甲丙脯酸、茶碱、叠氮胸苷(AZT)和双膦酸盐。
已经开发了在活性组份通过胃肠道上部,有些情况下是通过胃后(即肠包衣片)延迟活性组份释放的剂型。但在特定的情况下,药物作为缓释剂型是不希望的或不需要的。因此,希望开发出能快速通过食道,并使活性组份在胃肠道上部的释放减到最小或得以避免,而将活性组份释放到胃部的新颖的口服剂型。所述的新颖口服剂型通常是卵形片剂,包括,但不限于卵形、经修饰的卵形和囊片形状的片剂,它们经膜包衣,以便快速通过食道,而在胃部释放活性组份,从而对口、咽和食道的组织提供了保护。最好的是新颖的经修饰的卵形、膜包衣的口服剂型,它含有诸如利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)或阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)的双膦酸盐类。
发明综述
本发明涉及一种呈广义的卵形,包括,但不限于卵形、经修饰的卵形和囊片形状的口服药剂。该剂型被膜包衣,包含安全有效链量活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂。所述的剂型易于快速通过食道,从而避免了活性组份在口腔、咽和食道中释放,并防止它们的上皮和粘膜组织发生糜烂、溃疡或其它类似的刺激。
因此,本发明新颖的剂型导致安全有效量活性组份在所述人体或其它哺乳动物的胃部释放,明显减轻了有时伴随口服某些活性组份会产生的食道炎或食道刺激。
本发明进一步包括治疗特征在于异常钙和磷酸盐代谢的疾病的方法,它包括对患有这类疾病的人体或其它哺乳动物给予本文所述的含二双膦磷酸盐的新颖口服剂型。
附图简述
图1显示了经修饰的卵形片剂的上视平面图;
图2是它的侧视图,和
图3是所述经修饰的卵形片剂的端视图。
发明详述
本发明涉及新颖的通常具卵形、膜包衣的口服剂型,它包含安全有效量的活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂。所述的剂型能快速地通过食道,从而避免了活性组份在口、咽和食道里释放,或使释放极少,并保护它们的上皮和粘膜组织不发生糜烂、溃疡或其它刺激。特别优选的是经修饰的卵形的膜包衣口服剂型。
因此,所述的剂型将安全有效量的活性组份在所述人体或其它哺乳动物的胃部释放,并明显减轻伴随口服活性组份有时会发生的食道炎或食道刺激。
本发明进一步包括治疗特征在于异常钙和磷酸盐代谢的疾病的方法,它包括对患有这类疾病的人体或其它哺乳动物给予本文所述的含双膦酸盐的新颖口服剂型。
A.活性组份
本文所述的活性组份可为具有疗效并需要在所述人体或其它哺乳动物的胃部释放的任何组份。本发明的好处在下述情况下特别明显,即活性组份若在进入胃之前释放会导致病人的不适,如胃灼热、食道灼热、吞咽时疼痛和/或困难,和/或胸骨后和/或胸骨体疼痛。这类活性组份是溶解时的pH低于2-3的药物,具有细胞毒性(腐蚀性)的药物和/或局部形成会导致粘膜脱水的高渗溶液的药物。优选的活性组份选自依美溴铵、强力霉素和其它四环素类抗生素、铁制剂、氯化钾、奎尼丁、非甾族抗炎药、烯丙心安(阿普洛尔)、抗坏血酸、巯甲丙脯酸、茶碱、叠氮胸苷(AZT)和双膦酸盐类。更优选的活性组份是利塞膦酸盐(risedronate),阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)和帕米膦酸盐(pamidronate),最好的是利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)。
本文使用的术语“利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)”指3-吡啶基-1-羟基亚乙基-1,1-双膦酸,它具有下列结构:
美国专利5,583,122(Benedict等,转让给普罗克特和甘保尔公司,1996,12,10颁布),和“美国讨论会,双膦酸盐类:目前状况和今后的前景”英国皇家(内科学会,英国伦敦,1990,5,21-22(IBC Technical Services组织))进一步揭示了化合物利塞膦酸盐(risedronate),两文献包括于本文供参考。
术语“利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)活性组份”包括利塞膦酸盐(risedronate),利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)盐和利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)酯或它们的任何混合物。任何药学上可接受的risedronate的无毒的盐或酯都可用于本发明新颖口服剂型里的利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)活性组份。利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)盐可为酸加成盐,特别是盐酸盐,但可使用任何药学上可接受的无毒性有机或无机酸盐。另外,可使用与膦酸基团形成的盐,包括,但不限于碱金属盐(K,Na)和碱土金属盐(Ca,Mg),优选Ca和Na。
具体的是,适合用作本发明活性组份的利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)的其它酯是直链或支链C1-C18烷基酯,包括,但不限于,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、月桂基、肉豆蔻基、鲸蜡基和硬脂基;直链或支链的C2-C18烯基酯,包括,但不限于,乙烯基、烯丙基、十一烯基和亚麻基(linolenyl);C3-C8环烷基酯,包括,但不限于,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基;芳基酯,包括,但不限于,苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基和萘基;脂环基酯,包括,但不限于,基;和芳烷基酯,包括,但不限于,苄基和苯乙基。
本文使用的术语”阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)”指双膦酸类化合物4-氨基-1-羟基亚丁基-1,1-双膦酸和它的药学上可接受的盐,即,单钠盐三水合物。化合物阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)在美国专利4,922,007和5,019,651(都授予Merck)中作了进一步的揭示,在此包括入本文供参考。
一般来说,活性组份的正确选择取决于制剂选定的类型、疾病类型,特别是疾病的部位和种类,和所需释放的活性组份。另外,当选择合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂用于含活性组份的新颖剂型时,必须考虑活性组份的理化特征。
活性组份的有效口服剂量取决于疾病的程度。例如,对于成人,利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)的量通常为每天约1-40毫克,优选的是每天约1-30毫克。连续给药时,优选的剂量为1-15毫克/天,优选的是1-10毫克/天。当周期性给药时,剂量优选的是5-40毫克/天,优选的是10-30毫克/天。
B.活性组份的释放部位
使含活性组份的新颖剂型在患有各种疾病或失调的人体或其它哺乳动物的胃部释放可成功地治疗疾病。本文所述的新颖的口服的通常为卵形的膜包衣的剂型能快速地通过食道,从而将剂型有效地释放到胃部,避免利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)在口、咽和/或食道里释放,或使其释放极少,从而抑制了这些组织的上皮或粘膜层的糜烂、溃疡或其它类似的刺激。本文使用的术语“胃肠道”指消化道,即,长约30英尺,从口直到肛门的肌肉—膜的通道。本文的术语“胃肠道上部”指口腔、咽、食道和胃部。本文的术语“胃肠道下部”指小肠和大肠。
术语“口腔”表示口或口腔,衬有粘膜,所述的粘膜与唇部的包膜以及咽部所衬的粘膜连接。
术语“咽”涉及胃肠道上部的一部,它在鼻、口和喉之后。这是长约4英寸的肌-粘膜管,其后接食道,由粘膜层、纤维层和肌肉层构成。
本文使用的术语“食道”是约9英寸长、从咽到胃部的肌肉管管。食道具有三层;围绕管腔的内部粘膜层、中间的aveolar层和外部的肌肉层。
本文的术语“胃”指食道和小肠之间的胃肠道部分。
C.膜包衣
本文使用的术语“膜包衣”涉及药学上可接受的赋形剂混合物,它们可敷贴于活性组分、与活性组份组合、混合在一起或以其他方式加入活性组份中。所述的包衣可敷贴到压制的片剂、珠、颗粒、将压制成片剂的活性组份粒子上。所选定的包衣必须与所选定的特定活性组份相配伍。
因此,所述的膜包衣优选地被敷贴到含活性组份粒子或颗粒的压制片剂上;但是,若粒子或颗粒本身在压制成片剂前进行膜包衣,则对压制片剂的膜包衣可随意选择。由于膜包衣,这些新颖的剂型会避免活性组份在胃肠道上部,特别是口、咽和食道的粘膜和上皮组织出现不需要的释放。所述的包衣也可使活性组份在胃部释放,这可由本技术领域人员通过选择构成包衣的赋形剂、它的类型和/或它的厚度来操纵。
供膜包衣的优选聚合物在pH约1.2-5时是溶解的。特别优选的聚合物选自羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)单用和/或与羟丙基纤维素(HPC)组合、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、丙烯酸类树脂和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和明胶或其它市售可得的膜包衣制剂,如Dri-Klear(Crompton & Knowles Corp.生产,美国新泽西Mahwah)或Opadry(Colorcon生产,美国宾夕法尼亚西点)。特别优选的是HPMC,HPC,Dri-Klear和Opadry。低粘度的HPMC即E-5和E-15是优选的级别,最优选的是E-5级别。控制包衣悬浮液里优选的聚合物浓度以得到50-250cps的粘度。
沉积在片剂上的包衣量通常范围是约2%到约5%增重,优选的增重为约3%。包衣通常可含增塑剂。优选的增塑剂是聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇,最好的增塑剂是聚乙二醇。增塑剂的优选用量对成膜聚合物约为15%-40%。最优选的水平是约20%。也可加入颜料或染料以给膜包衣提供所需的不透明性和颜色。颜料优选的水平对成膜聚合物约为10-40%,最好的水平是约20%-30%。也可加入其它添加剂以使泡沫最少,或使溶液易于喷雾在片剂上。
D.能将含活性组份的剂型释放到胃部的新颖的通常为卵形的膜包衣口服剂型
如上所述,本发明涉及使新颖的通常为卵形的膜包衣的口服剂型的活性组份有效地释放到人体或其它哺乳动物的胃部。新颖的通常为卵形的膜包衣剂型能迅速地通过胃肠道上部,在它到达个体的胃部之前避免活性组份的释放。在到达胃部时,剂型溶解,活性组份通过小肠和/或大肠吸收。因此,胃肠道上部,特别是口腔、咽和食道的上皮和粘膜层组织几乎不与活性组份接触,使活性组份在合适的部位被吸收。因此,所述的口服剂型可大大减轻由于口服含某些活性组份的药物组合物时偶尔发生的食道炎或食道刺激。
因此,适合本文的口服剂型通常为卵形、优选的是经修饰的卵形,且经膜包衣。经修饰的卵形剂型如图1-3所示。可这样配制剂型:用活性组份和本技术领域公知的如下所述的合适的药用赋形剂,用本技术领域公知的合适的设备和/或方法来形成剂型。一般的卵形片剂有下列优选的尺寸:长约0.23-0.85英寸,优选的是约0.25-0.75英寸,宽约0.11-0.4英寸,优选的是约0.15-0.35英寸,厚度为约0.075-0.3英寸,优选的是约0.10-0.25英寸。如图1-3所示的经修饰的卵形片剂具有下列尺寸:长约0.455英寸,宽约0.225英寸,厚约0.157英寸。
术语“药物组合物”表示包含安全有效量活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂的口服剂型。本文所述的药物组合物包含约0.1%-99%,优选的是约0.5%-95%活性组份,和约1-99%,优选的是约5.00-99.90%药学上可接受的赋形剂。对于利塞膦酸盐(risedronate),该组合物包含约0.25-40%,优选的是约0.5-30%利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)活性组份,和约60-97%,优选的是约70-99.5%药学上可接受的赋形剂。
本文用语“安全有效量”表示化合物或组合物的用量高到足以明确改善被治疗的症状和/或病情,但低到足以避免严重的副作用(具合理的效益/风险比),可根据有经验的医生判断。用于本发明方法的安全有效量的活性组份随被治疗的特定疾病、被治疗的病人年龄和身体状况、疾病的严重程度、治疗的持续时间、同时采用的治疗的性质、所使用的特定活性组份、所用的特定的药学上可接受的赋形剂等等属于医生知识和实践范围的因素而定。
本文使用的术语“药学上可接受的赋形剂”包括任何生理惰性、药理上无活性的本技术领域公知的物质,它们与所选择使用的特定活性物质的理化性质是相配伍的。药学上可接受的赋形剂包括,但不限于,聚合物、树脂、增塑剂、填充剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、溶剂、助溶剂、缓冲系统、表面活性剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、调味剂、药用级别的颜料和染料。包含于本文所述的药物组合物里的药学上可接受的赋形剂的全部或部分被用来制备膜包衣,这可用于本文揭示的新颖的口服剂型。
本文使用的术语“口服剂型”表示通过个体的口腔在所述个体的胃部释放的任何药物组合物,而对本发明来说给予的剂型是含活性组份颗粒或粒子的经修饰的卵形片剂(最好经膜包衣)。
本文使用的“膜包衣的口服剂型”涉及含有本文所述的药物组合物,而利用膜包衣达到在胃中释放活性成分的口服剂型。膜包衣的口服剂型是含有可能被包衣或未包衣的活性组份颗粒或粒子的压制片剂。
本文使用的术语“快速通过食道”表示片剂从口咽到胃部所需的时间。快速通过食道表示通过时间少于约90秒,优选的是约1-60秒。当摄入50毫升水送服时,最好是低于20秒。
如上所述,本技术领域人员可通过操纵下列情况中的一个或多个来满意地控制在胃部局部释放的基本部位:
(a)合适的活性组份;
(b)包衣类型和其所需的厚度和所述包衣的渗透性(溶胀性);
(c)包衣本身和/或包衣的片剂、粒子、珠或颗粒对时间的依赖情况;和
(d)颗粒化活性组份的粒径。
如上所述,药学上可接受的赋形剂包括,但不限于,聚合物、树脂、增塑剂、填充剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、溶剂、助溶剂、表面活性剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、调味剂、缓冲系统、药用级的染料和颜料。
优选的溶剂是水。
有用的调味剂包括Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(第18版,MackPublishing Company,1990,1288-1300)揭示的那些,在此引入本文供参考。在本文中有用的染料或颜料包括药用赋形剂手册(Handbook of PharmaceuticalExcipients,第二版,126-134页,1994,American Pharmaceutical Association& the Pharmaceutical Press出版)所揭示的物质,在此引入本文供参考。
优选的助溶剂包括,但不限于,乙醇、甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇。
优选的缓冲系统包括,但不限于乙酸钾、碳酸、硼酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、醋酸、苯甲酸、乳酸、甘油酸、葡糖酸、戊二酸和谷氨酸。特别优选的是磷酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸和乙酸钾。
优选的表面活性剂包括,但不限于,聚氧乙烷脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯类、聚氧乙烯单烷基醚基、蔗糖单酯基和羊毛脂酯类和醚类。
优选的防腐剂包括,但不限于,苯酚,对羟基苯甲酸烷基酯,苯甲酸和它的盐,硼酸和它的盐,山梨酸和它的盐,chorbutanol,苄基醇,硫柳汞,醋酸苯汞和硝酸苯汞,硝甲酚汞,苯扎氯铵,西吡氯铵,羟苯甲酯和羟苯丙酯。特别优选的是苯甲酸盐类、西吡氯铵、羟苯甲酯和甲苯丙酯。
优选的甜味剂包括,但不限于,蔗糖,葡萄糖,糖精和阿司帕(aspartame)。特别优选的是蔗糖和糖精。
优选的粘合剂包括,但不限于甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素钠,羟丙基甲基纤维素,卡波姆(carbomer),聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(povidone),阿拉伯胶,瓜耳胶,黄原胶和黄蓍胶。特别优选的是甲基纤维素,卡波姆,黄原胶,瓜耳胶,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和羧甲基纤维素钠。
优选的填充剂包括,但不限于,乳糖,蔗糖,麦芽糖糊精,甘露醇,淀粉和微晶纤维素。
优选的增塑剂包括,但不限于,聚乙二醇,丙二醇,邻苯二甲酸二丁基酯和蓖麻油,乙酰化的甘油单酯和三醋精。
优选的润滑剂包括,但不限于,硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸和滑石粉。
优选的崩解剂包括,但不限于,交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(crospovidone),羧甲基淀粉钠,淀粉乙醇酸钠,羧甲基纤维素钠,藻酸,陶土和离子交换树脂。
优选的聚合物,包括,但不限于羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)单用和/或与羟丙基纤维素(HPC)组合,羰甲基纤维素,丙烯酸类树脂,如EudragitRL30D(RohmPharma GmbH Weiderstadt(西德)制备),甲基纤维素,乙基纤维素和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或其它市售的膜包衣制剂,如Dri-Klear(Crompton & Knowles Corp.(美国新泽西Mahwah)制备)(或Opadry,Colorcon制备(美国宾夕法尼亚西点_))。
使用本发明新颖的口服剂型,活性组份能可靠地释放到胃部,从而避免了活性组份不必要地暴露于口、咽和/或食道的上皮和粘膜组织。所述剂型使活性组份容易供胃吸收,并使活性组份基本上不与口、咽或食道的上皮及粘膜组织接触。因此,本发明新颖的经修饰的卵形、膜包衣口服剂型可大大减轻由于口服包含某些活性组份的药物组合物导致的食道炎或食道刺激。
在胃内容物的pH1.2-5中溶解的任何膜包衣可用于本发明。可用作膜包衣的优选的聚合物必须以足够的厚度涂敷于活性组份的压制片剂,明胶胶囊和/或珠,粒子或颗粒,结果使完整的包衣在胃中溶解。赋形剂包衣的溶出或崩解通常在包衣剂型进入胃之前并不发生。
下列非限制性实施例对本发明新颖口服剂型作了进一步的阐述。
实施例1
经修饰的卵形、膜包衣的利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)片剂
将膜包衣包于110千克利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)芯片,每片重240毫克。
组份 千克/批 毫克/片
利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠片剂30毫克 110 240
Dri-Klear 2.598 5.67
Chroma-Tone白 0.701 1.53
纯水 30.2kg 65.9
Dri-Klear是HPMC、HPC、聚乙二醇和二氧化硅的混合物,由Crompton和Knowles制备(美国新泽西Marwah),Chroma-Tone白是HPC和二氧化钛的混合物,由Crompton和Knowles制备(美国新泽西Marwah)。
包衣悬浮液的制备如下:
1、搅拌下将Dri-Klear加入60-80℃的纯水中。
2、将Dri-Klear溶液冷却到40℃或以下,继续混合直到所有的Dri-Klear都溶解。
3、在搅拌下将Chroma-Tone白加入纯水。使用高剪切混合器分散10-25分钟。
4、将颜料悬浮液(步骤3)加到聚合物溶液(步骤2)里并混合。继续混合直到准备使用。
5、将芯片放入48英寸侧面开口的包衣锅。
6、使片剂预热直到排气温度到达约35℃,开始喷雾。用入口空气温度40-60℃,以300-400克/分钟的速率施加包衣溶液。
7、冷却片剂并出料。
实施例2
囊片形状、膜包衣的阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)片剂
将膜包衣包到100千克阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)芯片剂上,每片重200毫克
组份 千克/批 毫克/片
阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)钠片剂10毫克 100 200.0
Opadry 5.0 10.0
红色氧化铁 0.1 0.2
纯水 50kg 100
Opadry是Colorcon(美国宾夕法尼亚西点)制备的市售膜包衣混合物。
包衣悬浮液的制备如下:
1、搅拌下将Opadry加入室温的纯水中。
2、混合,直到所有的Opadry都溶解。
3、在搅拌下将红色氧化铁加入纯水中。使用高剪切混合器分散5分钟。
4、将红色氧化铁悬浮液(步骤3)加到聚合物溶液(步骤2)里并混合,连续搅拌直到准备使用。
5、将芯片放入48英寸侧面开口的包衣锅。
6、使片剂预热直到排气温度到达约40℃,开始喷雾。用入口空气温度40-60℃,以250-350克/分钟的速率施加包衣溶液。
7、冷却片剂并出料。
实施例III
卵形利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)片剂
这样制备膜包衣利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)片剂:制备含活性组份的颗粒对颗粒进行包衣,压制成片剂,片剂然后以膜包衣。
A.制备利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠颗粒,212.5千克
组份 千克/批 毫克/片
利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠 2.5 11.7
乳糖无水物 100 471
微晶纤维素 100 471
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 10 47.1
纯水 75kg -
如下制备颗粒:
1、将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于纯水。
2、使利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠、乳糖和微晶纤维素在高剪切混合器里混合3分钟。
3、混合物用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液混合5分钟来制粒。
4、在流化床干燥器里,于60℃的入口温度下干燥湿润的物料。
5、用锤磨机研磨干燥的物料,得到所需颗粒大小。
B.对颗粒进行包衣,制备利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠片,130.3kg。
组份 kg/批 mg/片
利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠颗粒 106.8 213.6
羟丙基甲基纤维素E-15 5 10.0
纯水 50 100
交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 3 6.0
微晶纤维素 15 30.0
硬脂酸镁 0.5 1.0
如下对颗粒进行包衣并压制成片剂:
1、于连续搅拌下将羟丙基甲基纤维素E-15溶于60℃的纯水。冷却到30℃,混合直到溶解。
2、将利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠颗粒加到合适的包衣塔中。
3、在50℃的入口温度喷雾羟丙基甲基纤维素E-15溶液。包衣后,在入口温度60℃下干燥被包衣的颗粒。
4、将已包衣的颗粒转移到双筒混合器里,加入交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(crospovidone)和微晶纤维素,混合5分钟。
5、加入硬脂酸镁,混合3分钟,在旋转压片机上压制成片剂。
C.膜包衣
将膜包衣包到120千克利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)芯片剂上,每片重260.6毫克。
组份 kg/批 mg/片
利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)钠片剂2.5mg 120 260.6
羟丙基甲基纤维素E-5 2.3 5.0
聚乙二醇6000 0.92 2.0
FD&C蓝#1色淀 0.05 0.1
二氧化硅 0.05 0.1
纯水 50kg 109
包衣的悬浮液如下制备:
1、在80℃,于搅拌下将羟丙基甲基纤维素E-5加到部分纯水中。在10℃下加入剩余的纯水,混合直到溶解。
2、搅拌下将聚乙二醇6000加到纯水里。
3、向聚乙二醇溶液里加入FD&C蓝#1色淀和二氧化硅。用高剪切混合器分散10-25分钟。
4、将颜料悬浮液(步骤3)加到聚合物溶液(步骤1)中并混合。
5、将芯片倒在48英寸侧面有开口的包衣锅里。
6、使片剂预热直到排气温度到达约40℃,开始喷雾。于入口空气温度40℃时,以250克/分钟的速率施加包衣悬浮。
7、冷却片剂并出料。
Claims (10)
1.一种于胃部释放的新颖的口服剂型,所述的剂型包含安全有效量的活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂,所述的活性组份选自四环素类抗生素、铁制剂、奎尼丁、非甾族抗炎药、烯丙心安(阿普洛尔)、抗坏血酸、巯甲丙脯酸、茶碱、叠氮胸苷、双膦酸盐类或它们的混合物,其中所述口服剂型的特征在于它们通常为卵形并经膜包衣,以利于快速通过食道,并避免对口、口腔、咽和食道产生刺激。
2.根据权利要求1所述的剂型,其中膜包衣在pH1.2-5时溶解。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的剂型,其中所述的膜包衣选自羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、丙烯酸类树脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或明胶或它们的混合物。
4.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的剂型的长为0.23-0.85英寸,宽0.11-0.4英寸、厚0.075-0.3英寸。
5.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的剂型是经修饰的卵形或囊片形状。
6.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的活性组份选自依美溴铵、强力霉素、铁制剂、氯化钾、奎尼丁、非甾族抗炎药、烯丙心安、抗坏血酸、巯甲丙脯酸、茶碱、叠氮胸苷(AZT)、利塞膦酸盐、阿仑膦酸盐或帕米膦酸盐或它们的混合物。
7.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的活性组份选自利塞膦酸盐、阿仑膦酸盐(或帕米膦酸盐。
8.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的剂型包括0.25-40%利塞膦酸盐(的组合物。
9.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的剂型是含活性组份和药学上可接受的赋形剂的颗粒的压制片剂。
10.根据前述任一权利要求所述的剂型,其中所述的活性组份颗粒本身是膜包衣的。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US4930697P | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | |
US60/049,306 | 1997-06-11 |
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CN1274279A true CN1274279A (zh) | 2000-11-22 |
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ID=21959131
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CN98806116A Pending CN1274279A (zh) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-08 | 能改进胃肠道上部安全性的膜包衣片剂 |
Country Status (30)
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US (4) | US6165513A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0989848B1 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP5093937B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100400053B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1274279A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR027158A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE277606T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU729912B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9810027A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2293815C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO4940409A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69826660T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0989848T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2226128T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1028187A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0004625A1 (zh) |
IL (2) | IL133405A0 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY127526A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO996116L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ503946A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE82999A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL337813A1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT989848E (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2193880C2 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG108292A1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK284690B6 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200000111T2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW542725B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998056360A2 (zh) |
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- 1998-06-10 PE PE1998000490A patent/PE82999A1/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-10 ZA ZA985010A patent/ZA985010B/xx unknown
- 1998-06-10 US US09/095,322 patent/US6165513A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-11 CO CO98033551A patent/CO4940409A1/es unknown
- 1998-06-11 AR ARP980102774A patent/AR027158A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-11 MY MYPI98002615A patent/MY127526A/en unknown
- 1998-07-02 TW TW087110727A patent/TW542725B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
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2000
- 2000-09-26 HK HK00106110A patent/HK1028187A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-23 US US09/694,799 patent/US6569460B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2003
- 2003-03-28 US US10/401,352 patent/US20030211156A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-12-01 US US11/607,241 patent/US20070071822A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
- 2010-06-02 JP JP2010127107A patent/JP5229641B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2012
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105263482A (zh) * | 2013-04-05 | 2016-01-20 | 努梅迪公司 | 胃肠病症和其他病症的治疗 |
CN107073104A (zh) * | 2014-08-04 | 2017-08-18 | Dbv技术公司 | 食物过敏原组合物 |
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