CN1273258A - 颜料混合物 - Google Patents

颜料混合物 Download PDF

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CN1273258A
CN1273258A CN00106578A CN00106578A CN1273258A CN 1273258 A CN1273258 A CN 1273258A CN 00106578 A CN00106578 A CN 00106578A CN 00106578 A CN00106578 A CN 00106578A CN 1273258 A CN1273258 A CN 1273258A
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pigment
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CN1137947C (zh
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G·普法夫
R·安塞尔曼
S·舍恩
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及至少包括两种成分的颜料混合物,成分A包括基于云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片或聚合物片的多层颜料,而成分B是板状、针形或球形着色剂和/或填料,并且涉及其在清漆、涂料、印刷油墨、塑料、粉末涂料、陶瓷釉料、聚合物膜和化妆品配方中的运用。

Description

颜料混合物
本发明涉及至少包括两种成分的颜料混合物，成分A是基于云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片或聚合物片的多层颜料，而成分B是板状、针形或球形着色剂和/填料，并且涉及该颜料混合物在清漆、涂料、印刷油墨、塑料、粉末涂料、陶瓷釉料、聚合物膜和化妆品配方中的运用。
采用板状颜料，通常难以使遮蔽能力和光泽同时达到令人满意的程度。举例来说，带有一种或多种薄金属氧化物层的二氧化硅片或云母片具有特定的干涉色和较高的光泽，但是同时由于透明基体，它们还具有较高的透明度，因而具有相对低的遮蔽能力。
DE-A-4240511公开了一种颜料混合物，它由一种干涉颜料和板形颜色颜料组成。该干涉颜料包括涂覆金属氧化物的云母或二氧化硅片，并且颜色颜料可以是着色的二氧化硅片。将该颜料混合物导入涂覆材料、印刷油墨、塑料或化妆品中。
本发明的目的在于提供一种颜料混合物，该颜料混合物的特征在于具有相对高的遮蔽能力并且可以使自身很好地导入到所使用的系统中，与其同时，该系统中的颜料/着色剂分离大大减轻。
出乎人们意料的时，现有已经发现了一种没有上述缺点的颜料混合物，本发明的颜料混合物至少包括两种成分，成分A包括基于云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片或聚合物片的多层颜料，而成分B是板状、针形或球形着色剂和/填料。
通过将一种或多种着色剂混入多层颜料中，可以使运用系统具有颜色跳动(颜色随角度而明显改变)，颜色的效果得到增强并且达到新的颜色效果。
因此本发明提供了一种至少包括两种成分的颜料混合物，成分A包括基于云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片或聚合物片的多层颜料，而成分B是板状、针形或球形着色剂和/填料。
类似地，本发明提供了下列配方，如清漆、涂料、印刷油墨、塑料、粉末涂料、陶瓷釉料、聚合物膜和化妆品配方，它们包括本发明的颜料混合物。
该多层颜料可以以任意配比与着色剂和/或填料混合。成分A与成分B的比率优选地为1∶20～20∶1，特别是1∶10～10∶1。
多层颜料是已知的，例如从德国延迟公开说明书DE 19618563、DE19618566、DE19618569、DE19707805、DE19707806和DE19746067中得知，这些颜料是基于板状、透明的有色或无色基质，该基质由云母(合成的或天然的)、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片、聚合物片，并且通常其厚度为0.3-5微米，特别是0.4-2.0微米。两个其它尺寸的范围通常为1-250微米，优选地为2-100微米，特别是5-40微米。该多层颜料由涂覆了金属氧化物(至少两种)的基质(基体)组成。带有两层或多层的云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片或三氧化二铝片基体片的涂覆应形成由较高折射率和较低折射率的交替层组成的涂层结构。该多层颜料优选地含有2、3、4、5、6或7层，特别是3、4或5层。具有较高折射率的合适金属氧化物的例子是二氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化锌、氧化铁、氧化钛铁(钛酸铁)和/氧化铬，特别是TiO2和/Fe2O3。所用的具有较低折射率的金属氧化物包括二氧化硅和三氧化二铝。但是为达到此目的，还可以使用二氟化镁或有机聚合物〔或丙烯酸酯〕。基体片可以用例如在WO93/08237(湿化学涂覆)或DE-A-19614637(CVD法)中所说的方法进行涂覆。
优选的多层颜料具有下列结构：
基体+Fe2O3层+SiO2层+Fe2O3层
基体+Fe2O3层+SiO2层+TiO2层
基体+TiO2层+SiO2层+Fe2O3层
基体+TiO2层+SiO2层+TiO2/Fe2O3层
基体+TiO2/Fe2O3层+SiO2层+TiO2/Fe2O3层
基体+TiO2层+SiO2层+TiO2层+Cr2O3层
外层金属氧化物层还可以采用金属半透明层代替。适用于此的金属例如是铬、钛、钼、钨、铝、铜、银、金或镍。
为了获得特定的颜色效果，还可以将纳米大小的细颗粒导入到分别具有较高折射率和较低折射率的涂层中。合适的替代物的例子是颗粒尺寸为10-25纳米的细分碳(碳黑)。通过这些颗粒的光散射性能，可以对光泽和遮蔽能力施加受控影响。
为了改善光、气候和化学稳定性或者为了提高在不同介质中的相容性，还可以在该多层颜料上提供保护层。合适的外层和后处理的例子是公开在DE2215191、DE3151354、DE3235017或DE3334598中的方法。另外加入的物质的量仅约为多层颜料重量的0.1-5％，优选地为0.5-3.0％。
适用于本发明的颜料混合物的成分B全部是本领域内已知的板状的、针形和球形色剂或并且其颗粒尺寸为0.001-10微米，优选是为0.01-1微米。本发明的颜料混合物优选地包括作为着色剂的吸附颜料和作为填料的板状或球形粉末。优选地成分B是有涂层或无涂层的球形二氧化硅颗粒。涂有一种或多种金属氧化物的二氧化硅颗粒可以由EP0803550A2获知。
特别地，优选的颜料混合物除了成分A以外含有珠光颜料作为着色剂(成分B)。所用的珠光颜料是基于板状透明或半透明基体如板状硅酸盐的颜料，例如云母、合成云母、滑石、绢云母、高岭土、玻璃或其它硅质材料，它们可以涂覆以彩色或无色金属氧化物，如TiO2、低价氧化钛、氮氧化钛、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SnO2、Cr2O3、ZnO、CuO、NiO和其它金属氧化物，它们可以是单独一种或一种混合物处于均匀层或连续层中。珠光颜料例如可以由德国专利和专利申请1467468、1959998、2009566、2214454、2215191、2244298、2313331、2522572、3137808、3137809、3151343、3151354、3151355、3111602、3235017和P3842330并且例如可以由Merck KGaA，Darmstadt，德国以商标名Iriodin购得。特别优选的颜料制剂含有TiO2/云母、Fe2O3/云母、和/或TiO2/Fe2O3云母颜料。
优选地还可以是涂覆TiO2和/或Fe2O3的SiO2或Al2O3片。用一种或多种金属氧化物涂覆SiO2片可以如在WO93/08237(湿化学涂覆)或DE-A-19614637(CVD法)中所说地进行。
更进一步说，适当的板状着色剂包括珠光颜料，特别是那些基于云母、二氧化硅片、三氧化二铝片或玻璃片的颜料，它们仅包以一层金属氧化物层、金属效果颜料(Al片，青铜)、任意变化的颜料(OVP)、液晶聚合物颜料(LCP)或全息颜料。
该球形着色剂特别是包括二氧化钛、着色的二氧化硅、硫酸钙、氧化铁、氧化铬、碳黑、有机彩色颜料，如蒽醌颜料、喹吖啶酮颜料、二酮吡咯并吡咯颜料、酞菁颜料、偶氮颜料和二氢吲哚颜料、该针形颜料优选地包括BiOCl、着色的玻璃纤维、α-FeOOH、有机彩色颜料，如偶氮颜料、β-酞菁CI兰15.3、Cromophtal黄8GN(Ciba-Geigy)、Irgalith兰PD56(Ciba-Geigy)、甲亚胺铜配合物CI黄129和Irgazine黄5GT(Ciba-Geigy)。
本发明的颜料混合物简单、易于操作。该颜料混合物可以导入到通过简单混合而使用的系统中。不需要费力的研磨和颜料分散。
本发明的颜料混合物可以用来使涂料、印刷油墨、塑料、农用薄膜、种子包衣或化妆品配方如口红、指甲油、粉饼、香波、爽身粉和凝胶着色。该颜料混合物在用其着色的系统中的浓度基于该系统总的固体重量通常为0.1-70％重量，优选地为0.1-50％重量，更进一步地说为1.0-10％重量。该浓度通常取决于特定的使用条件。
以0.01-50％重量、特别是0.1-7％重量的含量包括本发明的颜料混合物的塑料其特别常常是具有特殊的颜色跳动效果，或者是闪光效果。
在涂层方面，特别是在汽车罩面漆中，可以将该颜料混合物用于三涂层系统中，其用量为0.1-10％重量，优选地为1-3％重量。多层颜料与成分B相混合的比例取决于所需的效果。该多层颜料优选地与成分B以10∶1～1∶10的比例使用。
在该涂覆材料中，本发明的颜料混合物的优点在于可以通过单层涂层系统(单层系统或在2涂层系统中的底层)而获得所需的颜色跳动效果。即使在散射光下，该颜色跳动也是极其明显的。在与包括云母基干涉颜料而不是多层颜料的涂层相比时，采用本发明的颜料混合物的涂层具有明显不同的深度效果和闪耀效果。
本发明的颜料混合物还可以用于形成装饰性或护理化妆品。其使用浓度以及多层颜料与成分B，特别是天然或人造有机和无机颜料，如氧化铬、佛青、球形二氧化硅或二氧化钛颜料相混合的比例取决于使用介质和要达到的效果。多层颜料可以与其它颜料或染料以任意比例混合或，优选地，该比例为10∶1～1∶10。该混合物所用的浓度在香波中为0.01％重量，一直到在粉饼中为70％重量。在具有球形填料如二氧化硅的多层颜料混合物的情况下，配方中的浓度为0.01-70％重量。化妆品如指甲油、口红、粉饼、香波、爽身粉或凝胶的特点是具有特别有吸引力的光泽效果和/或着色效果，根据该多层颜料的结果，它们与角度有着紧密的关系。在指甲油中的闪光效果通过采用本发明的颜料混合物而比常规指甲油明显增加。此外，本发明的颜料混合物可以用于沐浴添加剂中、用于牙膏中，以及为了改善食品，用作大众着色剂或用作涂层。
在粘接系统的着色情况下，例如在用于涂料和凸版印刷油墨、胶印或丝网印刷中时，或者用作印刷油墨的前体时，例如以高度着色的浆料、颗粒、丸等形式，由多层颜料和球形着色剂如二氧化钛、碳黑、氧化铬、氧化铁，还有有机“着色颜料”组成的颜料混合物已经证实是特别适用的。通常，将该颜料混合物以2-35％重量，优选地5-25％重量，特别是8-20％重量的量导入印刷油墨中。凸版印刷油墨可以含有最高达40％重量或更高的颜料混合物。用于印刷油墨的前体，例如以颗粒形式、作为丸、团块等，它不仅含有粘接剂和添加剂，而且含有95％重量本发明的颜料混合物。成分A与成分B的混合比优选地为1∶10～10∶1。含有本发明的颜料混合物的印刷油墨表现出纯净的色调并且由于良好的粘度值而具有更好的印刷性。
因此，本发明还提供了包括本发明的颜料混合物的配方。
下列实施例是用来说明本发明的，而不是要对其进行限制。实施例1：-印刷油墨
将颜料以600转/分钟搅拌到含有溶剂的粘接剂中并且将该印刷油墨刮刀涂覆到黑白卡片上。1号油墨：88.0克Gebr.Schmidt 95 MB 011 TW10.0克由颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的云母片组成的多层颜料，在其两面上依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O32.0克Gebr.Schmidt 95 MB 022-TW(绿色)2号油墨；对比88.0克Gebr.Schmidt 95 MB 011 TW10.0克由颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的涂以Fe2O3的云母片组成的云母(来自Merck KGaA)2.0克Gebr.Schmidt 95 MB 022-TW(绿色)
用肉眼观测时，带有1号油墨的彩色卡片与带有对比油墨2号油墨相比表现出更好的颜色跳动。实施例2：-汽车油漆2.0克颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的二氧化硅片，在其两面上依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O31.5克Heliogen兰L 69300.2克Hostaperm绿8G0.05克颜料级碳黑FW 20066.6克底涂层(A4)MP系统(SC＝19％)29.65克稀释剂混合物
结果获得明显的兰-绿色跳动和金色闪光，它甚至在深紫色方向上也能变化。实施例3：-塑料
将塑料颗粒聚丙烯PP Stamylan PPH10(来自DSM)和聚苯乙烯143E(来自BASF)与下列成分相互混合a)1％颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的二氧化硅片，在其两面上依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O3b)1％颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的二氧化硅片、在其两面上依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O3，和0.1％PV-Echtblau B2G01(来自Clariant的Pigment Blue 15.3)的混合物c)1％颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的涂覆Fe2O3的云母(Merck KGaA)d)1％颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的涂覆Fe2O3的云母(Merck KGaA)，和0.1％PV-Echtblau B2G01(来自Clariant的Pigment Blue 15.3)的混合物。
将该颜料颗粒在注射成型机上处理，形成小梯形板。
当在a)和b)条件下采用颜料时，在塑料中可以获得与角度很有关系的颜色。该颜色在b)的条件下更容易变化并且例如可以用于强力兰-绿色跳动。实施例4：-眼影相15.00％氧化硅25.00％颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的二氧化硅片，依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O35.00％C.I.Pigment Green 18(CI77289)47.2％滑石7.18％马铃薯(土豆淀粉)2.40％硬脂酸镁相II6.96％硬脂酸异丙酯0.40％棕榈酸十六烷酯0.40％凡士林0.08％防腐剂
将相1的成分合并并且形成预混物。将熔化的相II搅拌滴加到粉末混合物中。将该粉末在40-50巴压力下压制。
所获得的眼影不同之处在于强力的光泽和根据观察角而明显变化的颜色。实施例5：口红相I8.25％白蜂蜡4.95％地蜡，Copernica Cerifera3.30％羊毛脂油5.28％豆蔻酸异丙酯1.98％矿物油0.03％生育酚、棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、PEG-80.06％防腐剂0.50％香料1.00％lithalrubin BK，C.I.Pigment Red 57：1(CI 15850)蓖麻(20％，在蓖麻子油中)加至100％相II2.00％氧化硅15.00％颗粒尺寸为5-40微米的二氧化硅片，依次涂以3层：Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O3
将相I的成分加热到75℃并熔化。加入相II的颜料并且将所有成分完全搅拌在一起。将口红料在浇铸装置中搅拌15分钟，该浇铸装置已经调整到65℃温度。将均匀的熔体倒入浇铸模具中，该模具预先加热到65℃。而后将模具冷却并且将制品取出冷却。
该口红的不同之处在于强力的光泽并且其颜色随观察角不同而明显变化。实施例6-沐浴露相A0.10％颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的云母颜料，两面依次涂以TiO2，SiO2，TiO2(1)0.75％黄原胶(2)62.10％水相B20.0％癸基糖苷6.65％Texapon ASV(月桂基醚硫酸钠、月桂基醚硫酸镁、月桂基醚8-硫酸钠、月桂基醚8-硫酸镁、油基醚硫酸钠、油基醚硫酸镁(3))0.20％Bronidox L(丙二醇、5-溴-5-硝基1，3-二噁烷)(3)相C0.15％柠檬酸(i)0.10％Sicovit green Z 6120(1％浓度，在水中)(CI 19140/42051)(5)10.00％水来源(1)Merck KGaA(2)Monsanto(3)Henkel KGaA(4)Haarmann&Reimer(5)BASF
对于相A来说，将颜料混合到水中。将黄原胶慢慢地搅拌分散到悬浮液中并且持续搅拌，直至胶溶解。将相B和C连续加入并且搅拌直至所有成分均匀分散。
该沐浴露的不同之处在于具有强力的干涉闪光效果。实施例7：-眼线膏相A15.00％颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的云母颜料，其两面均涂以TiO2，SiO2，TiO2(1)5.0％颗粒尺寸为10-60微米的云母颜料，涂以Fe3O4(1)2.00％Ronasphere(氧化硅)(1)0.40％Carbopol ETD 2001(carbomer)(2)适量柠檬酸(1)60.00％水相B4.0％甘油(1)0.90％三乙醇胺(1)2.00％Luviskol VA 64粉末(PVP/VA共聚物)(3)0.20％Germaben II(丙二醇，重氮二脲，羟苯甲酸甲酯，羟苯甲酸丙酯)(4)水加至100.00％来源：(1)Merck KGaA(2)BF Goodrick(3)BAFS(4)ISP Europe
将颜料与Ronasphere分散在相A的水中，采用数滴柠檬酸溶液，将pH值调整到3.8，从而降低粘度。将Carbopol搅拌分散在水中。完全溶解以后，将预先溶解的相B慢慢搅拌进去。
所获得的产品其不同之处在于具有较高的光泽和强力的干涉颜色。

Claims (9)

1.至少包括两种成分的颜料混合物，成分A包括基于云母、二氧化硅片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片或聚合物片的多层颜料，而成分B是板状、针形或球形着色剂和/或填料。
2.根据权利要求1的颜料混合物，其特征在于成分A包括基于二氧化硅片、云母片、玻璃片、三氧化二铝片的多层颜料，这些片上交替地涂覆了具有较高和较低折射率的金属氧化物层。
3.根据权利要求2的颜料混合物，其特征在于该多层颜料包括一层或多层TiO2，Fe2O3，ZnO和/或ZrO2层作为高折射率层。
4.根据权利要求2的颜料混合物，其特征在于该多层颜料包括一层或多层二氧化硅和/或三氧化二铝层作为低折射率层。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任意一个的颜料混合物，其特征在于成分A包括具有Fe2O3，SiO2，Fe2O3涂层，TiO2/Fe2O3，SiO2，TiO2/Fe2O3涂层或TiO2，SiO2，TiO2涂层的多层颜料。
6.根据权利要求1-3的颜料混合物，其特征在于成分B包括珠光颜料、着色的玻璃颗粒、碳黑、有机颜料和/或无机颜料。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的颜料混合物，其特征在于成分A与成分B的混合比率为1∶10～10∶1。
8.根据权利要求1的颜料混合物的用途，用于涂料、清漆、特别是汽车罩面漆、印刷油墨、塑料、粉末涂料、用于着色种子，用于化妆品配方中以及用于改善食品。
9.配方，包括权利要求1所说的颜料混合物。
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