CN1271377A - 合成的生物降解润滑剂和功能液 - Google Patents

合成的生物降解润滑剂和功能液 Download PDF

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CN1271377A
CN1271377A CN98809361A CN98809361A CN1271377A CN 1271377 A CN1271377 A CN 1271377A CN 98809361 A CN98809361 A CN 98809361A CN 98809361 A CN98809361 A CN 98809361A CN 1271377 A CN1271377 A CN 1271377A
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composition
ester
heavy
acid
viscosity
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R·J·哈特利
C·B·邓肯
G·M·蒂芬尼三世
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ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc
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Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
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Publication of CN1271377A publication Critical patent/CN1271377A/zh
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Abstract

合成的生物降解的润滑剂和功能液,其含有45—94重%的作为基础润滑油的C5－C10羧酸的酯、5—18重%的作为润滑性能添加剂的C12－C18羧酸的多元醇酯和1—35重%的用于润滑剂和功能液的添加剂整套配方。

Description

合成的生物降解润滑剂和功能液
本发明涉及用作润滑剂和功能液的酯组合物。更具体地说，本发明涉及生物降解的合成油，该合成油显示改进的润滑性能和抗磨性能，也满足水生毒性的环境标准。
现有技术中一般地都知道在润滑剂中使用合成酯的混合物，例如在USP 4,994,196(1991)中公开了这种情况，其公开了含有α-烯烃二羧酸酯共聚物和季戊四醇酯和酚钙的二冲程发动机润滑油。另外，USP5,378,249(1995)一般地公开了生物降解的合成的二冲程发动机润滑油，该润滑油含有20-80％重的在100℃的粘度至少7cSt的重酯和10-85％重的在100℃的粘度少于6.0cSt的轻酯。WO94/05745(1994)公开了C16-C20和C5-C10羧酸的混合多元醇酯。USP 5,562,867(1996)公开了基于C13羰基合成醇己二酸酯的二冲程发动机润滑油。
本发明就是在发现了某些多元醇与C12-C28羧酸的酯当与醇和C5-C10羧酸的基础油酯混合时作为润滑性能添加剂是很有效的基础上作出的。这种酯混合物提供一种合适的润滑油，其是合适的生物降解的润滑剂和功能液并且显示改进的润滑性能和抗磨性能。
根据本发明，已经发现了一种生物降解的润滑剂或功能液组合物，该组合物包括：
(A)45-94重％的合成酯基础油，该合成酯基础油是一种醇和羧酸的酯，该酯在100℃的粘度是4.0-12.0cSt，该酸具有5-10个碳原子，
(B)5-18重％的能有效的提高该组合物的润滑性能和抗磨性能的第二种酯，所说的第二种酯是按如下的方法制备的：(i)选自三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇和新戊二醇的多元醇和(ii)具有12-28个碳原子的脂族单羧酸反应制备的，和
(c)1-35重％的用于润滑剂和功能液的添加剂整套配方，其中由ASTM D 5864-95改进的Sturm试验测定的该组合物的生物降解性能至少55％，并且显示环境可以接受的水生毒性性能。
该基础酯润滑油一般地可以描述为在100℃的粘度约4-12cSt的醇酯，并且是C5-C10(5-10个碳原子)的直链或支链、芳族或脂族羧酸的酯。
可以由一元醇或多元醇制备该基础酯润滑油。合适的一元醇是具有约1-18个碳原子，优选5-15个碳原子的脂族醇，包括直链和支链醇，例如羰基合成醇，特别是羰基合成十三烷醇或羰基合成异癸醇。
合适的多元醇可以由如下式子表示：
               R(OH)n其中R是脂族或环脂族烃基，n是至少2。该烃基可以含有约2-20个碳原子。这样的多元醇可以含有约2-10个羟基，更优选约2-6个羟基。特别有用的多元醇是新戊二醇、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基丁烷、单季戊四醇、技术级季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、乙二醇、丙二醇和聚亚烷基二醇。特别优选的是含有约86-90重％的单季戊四醇、7-12重％的二季戊四醇和1-2重％的三季戊四醇的技术级季戊四醇。
合适的与醇反应的酸是具有约5-10个碳原子单羧酸和多羧酸，优选那些具有约8-10个碳原子的是甲基支链的或含有甲基支链的直链和支链酸的混合物的单羧酸。特别优选的是含有约45-55摩尔％，优选45摩尔％的支链C8(8个碳原子)酸和55-45摩尔％，优选55摩尔％直链C8和支链C10(10个碳原子)酸的混合物的单羧酸的混合物。该直链辛酸和癸酸的酸混合物含有约48-58摩尔％的C8和36-42摩尔％的C10和非常少量的直链C6(6个碳原子)和C12(12个碳原子)酸，例如一般存在3-5摩尔％正C6和0.5-1摩尔％正C12酸。用于本发明的优选的酯基础润滑油是上述的混合C8支链和C8-C10直链单羧酸的技术级酯。该酯润滑油在100℃的粘度约6.8cSt。
适合用来制备酯基础润滑油的多羧酸包括己二酸、癸二酸、邻苯二甲酸、琥珀酸、对苯二酸、富马酸、偏苯三酸以及它们的酐。优选的是二羧酸的酯，例如由具有10-13个碳原子的羰基合成醇制备的己二酸酯和邻苯二甲酸酯和如羰基合成十三烷基己二酸酯。
在本发明的组合物中该酯基础润滑油的存在量约为45-94重％。优选的实施方案包括含有约50-60重％的该酯基础润滑油组分和约6-8重％的第二酯润滑性能添加剂，和平衡量的常规的用于二冲程发动机润滑油的添加剂整套配方的生物降解的二冲程发动机润滑油，该平衡组分包括溶剂和粘度稀释剂。另一个优选的实施方案是含有约85-90重％的基础酯润滑油、5-10重％的第二种酯和1-5重％的含有抗氧化剂、防锈和防腐剂、破乳剂、抗磨剂和消泡剂的添加剂整套配方的液压液。
本发明的基本方面是使用该第二种酯作为润滑性能添加剂与该酯基础润滑油混合以便满足润滑和功能液性能要求而没有损失生物降解性能。该润滑性能添加剂可以是三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇或二季戊四醇与C12-C28(12-28个碳原子)饱和直链或支链脂族单羧酸的酯，而C18-C24酸的酯例如异硬脂酸酯是优选的。用于本发明的组合物的特别优选的是三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸。该润滑性能添加剂应该的存在量约为5-18重％。
本发明还包括1-35重％的含有一种或多种常规润滑油添加剂的添加剂整套配方，并且这些添加剂可以是通常为了特殊的目的包括在润滑油或功能液中的任何添加剂。
这些可以存在于本发明的组合物中的常规添加剂包括粘度改进剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、摩擦改进剂、分散剂、消泡剂、抗磨添加剂、倾点分散剂、清净剂、防锈剂等。
典型的油溶的改进粘度的聚合物是一般具有由凝胶渗透色谱所测定的重均分子量约为10,000-1,000,000的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物。
说明性的防腐剂是磷硫化的烃，该产物是磷硫化的烃与碱土金属氧化物或氢氧化物反应得到的。优选的用于本发明的是丙二醇中的苯并三唑。
氧化抑制剂的例子是优选具有C5-C12烷基侧链的烷基酚硫代酯的碱土金属盐抗氧化剂，例如壬基酚硫化钙、叔辛基酚硫化钡、二辛基苯胺以及硫化或磷硫化的烃。也包括的是油溶的抗氧化剂铜化合物例如C10-C18油溶脂肪酸的铜盐。
摩擦改进剂包括脂肪酸酯和酰胺、二聚脂肪酸的甘油酯和琥珀酸酯或它们的金属盐。
在润滑油领域分散剂是公知的，包括高分子量的烷基琥珀酰胺，其是油溶聚异丁烯琥珀酸酐与亚乙基胺的反应产物，例如四亚乙基五胺和它们的硼化的盐。优选用于本发明的是含有聚异丁烯(Mn 950)琥珀酰胺的分散剂。
降凝剂作为润滑油流动改进剂也是公知的，其在较低的温度下也会流动，这些添加剂一般的是C8-C18二烷基富马酸酯乙烯基乙酸酯共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯和蜡萘。
聚硅氧烷型消泡剂例如硅油和聚二甲基硅氧烷也可以提供泡沫控制，丙烯酸酯聚合物也合适的。
抗磨添加剂降低金属部件的磨损，代表性的物质是二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二芳基二磷酸锌和硫化异丁烯。
分散剂和金属防锈剂包括磺酸、烷基酚、硫化烷基酚、烷基水杨酸、萘酸和其它油溶的单和二羧酸例如四丙基琥珀酸酐的金属盐。中性或高硷性金属盐例如高硷性碱土金属磺酸盐(特别是钙盐和镁盐)常用做这样的清净剂。也可以用的是壬基酚硫化物。可以通过烷基酚与工业二氯化硫反应制得类似物质。也可以通过烷基酚与元素硫反应制备合适的烷基酚硫化物。
也适合作为清净剂的是中性和硷性酚盐，一般的叫做苯酚盐，其中该酚一般是一个烷基取代的酚基，其中该取代基是具有约4-400个碳原子的脂族烃基。
本发明的组合物显示满意的水生毒性。ASTM D6081定义制备用于水生毒性试验的试验材料的方法。该制备方法可以是：WaterAccommodated Fraction(WAF)，Water Soluble Fraction(WSF)或Mechanical Dispersion。在该试验中，样品对水生生物的毒性通过评价样品对鱼的试验总体的影响来确定。油组合物样品维持为分散的小滴。把控制量的样品加到试验室中，观察对鱼的影响。试验持续96小时。以LC50记录样品的毒性，其表示在试验总共死亡50％时的致命浓度。虽然对毒性的表示没有不变的标准，但是毒性的程度一般的在下面的范围之内：
LC50值(ppm) 范围
＜/＝1 毒性很高或非常毒
1-10 毒性或中等毒性
10-100 有害或轻微毒性
100-1000 没有危险或实际上没有毒性
＞1000 没有危害
本发明的组合物一般将具有的LC50值＞1000。
本发明的一个优选的实施方案是含有酯混合物的二冲程发动机润滑油。这样的生物降解的合成二冲程发动机润滑油组合物一般的可以描述为含有在100℃的粘度约为4-12cSt并且是C5-C10直链或支链单羧酸的多元醇酯的基础酯润滑油，有效量的二冲程发动机润滑油清净剂/分散剂和在100℃的粘度约为1-6cSt的轻酯油或具有4-12个碳原子的脂族醇或它们的混合物的粘度稀释剂，和作为润滑性能添加剂的5-18重％的三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇或二季戊四醇与C12-C28饱和或不饱和直链或支链单羧酸的酯，该组合物在ASTM D 5864-95改进Sturm试验中的生物降解性能至少55％，并且在-25℃的Brookfield粘度小于7,500cps。
本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油对于环境也是很有利的，因为当该油与水接触时没有检测到油性光泽。它们的水生毒性LC50值也＞1000。
在这当中，合适的清净剂/分散剂是硷性氮化合物，这些硷性氮化合物必须具有由ASTM D 664或D 2896所测定的硷性氮含量。一般的这样的组合物是油溶的琥珀酰亚胺、羧酸酰胺、烃基单胺、烃基多胺、曼尼期硷、磷酰胺、硫代磷酰胺、膦酰胺和它们的混合物。这些物质也可以是用本领域公知的各种方法后处理的化合物，例如用尿、硫尿、二硫化碳、醛、酮、羧酸、烃取代的琥珀酸酐、腈、环氧化物、硼化合物等后处理的化合物。
一般的，本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油组合物将含有约5-20重％的清净剂/分散剂，优选约15-19重％。
用于制备本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油的优选的琥珀酰亚胺是其中烃基具有约60-350个碳原子的烃基琥珀酸酐和如下的亚乙基胺反应制备的那些，亚乙基胺的例子为乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺和四亚乙基五胺。特别优选的是由约70-128个碳原子的聚异丁烯琥珀酸酐和四亚乙基五胺反应制备的那些琥珀酰亚胺。特别有用的是其中聚异丁烯基具有数均分子量(Mn)为450-950的那些琥珀酰亚胺和它们的混合物。这些分散剂一般的以45-98重％的活性组分的矿物油溶液的形式使用。优选的琥珀酰亚胺产品是通过缩合异硬脂酸、聚异丁烯(Mn)琥珀酸酐和四亚乙基五胺反应制备的(98％活性组分的矿物油溶液)。一个优选的实施方案是该组合物含有7-8重％的该清净剂/分散剂和7-8重％的聚异丁烯(Mn 950)琥珀酰亚胺(50.5重％的活性组分的矿物油溶液)。
羧酸酰胺清净剂/分散剂一般的是通过具有约12-350个碳原子的羧酸或酐或它们的酯与胺或多胺反应制备的。其他合适类型的清净剂/分散剂是烃基单胺和烃基多胺，其中烃基是含有约9-350，优选20-200个碳原子的烷基或烯基。特别优选的是通过聚异丁烯基氯化物和多亚烷基多胺例如二亚乙基三胺或四亚乙基戊胺反应制备的那些。
其他合适类型的清净剂/分散剂是曼尼期基的组合物，其是由酚或C9-C200烷基酚、醛例如甲醛或甲醛前体例如仲甲醛和胺化合物制备的。该胺可以是单胺或多胺，一般的组合物是烷基胺例如甲胺或亚乙基胺例如二亚乙基三胺或四亚乙基五胺等反应制备的。该酚物质可以被硫化，一般的是十二烷基酚或C80-C100烷基酚。
也可以用做清净剂/分散剂是磷酰胺或膦酰胺。这些组合物是通过形成具有至少一个P-N键的磷化合物制备的，并且可以例如通过在单胺的存在下磷氯氧化物与烃基二醇反应制备的，或通过磷氯氧化物与二功能的仲胺和单功能胺反应制备的。
在本发明的组合物中也适合用做清净剂/分散剂是烷基氨基酚，其可以通过如下方法制备：酚化合物与烯烃烷基化剂进行烷基化，形成烷基化的酚，然后其被硝化，形成一种中间体硝基酚，然后通过反应至少某些硝基成为氨基，该硝基酚可以被转化成为所要求的氨基酚。这些氨基酚一般的会含有位于该羟基的邻位或对位的一个烷基，该烷基含有约30-400个碳原子，该酚含有1或2个NH2取代基，优选1个NH2取代基。
其它用于本发明的组合物的合适类型的清净剂/分散剂是酯分散剂，它们是通过烃基取代的羧基酰化剂与至少一种有机羟基化合物和任选的与胺反应制备的。合适的羟基化合物可以是脂族化合物，例如一元醇和多元醇或芳族化合物例如苯酚和萘酚。合适的酰化剂包括约8-30个碳原子的脂肪单羧酸。
本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油组合物可以含有有效量的粘度稀释剂作为添加剂整套配方的一部分，以便调节成品的粘度。很重要的是，该组分对该二冲程发动机润滑油组合物的生物降解性能或发动机性能没有不利的影响。一般的该组分的存在量为10-25重％，优选10-15重％。根据本发明已经发现，在100℃的粘度为1-6cSt的轻酯或具有约4-12个碳原子的脂族一元醇都适合于该目的。优选的酯是二异辛基己二酸酯，其在100℃的粘度为2.8cSt。其它合适的酯是在100℃的粘度为5.3cSt的氧代二-十三烷基己二酸酯，和在100℃的粘度为1.14cSt的异癸基壬酸酯。其它轻酯油一般的可以描述为C5-C15(5-15个碳原子)支链醇与非支链C5-C15脂族单羧酸或二羧酸的反应产物。优选的用于本发明的组合物的是2.5-13重％的异庚醇或异癸醇或它们的混合物，其中，在该润滑油组合物中的存在量为1-10重％的二异辛基己二酸酯和约2.5-12重％的异庚醇或异癸醇，条件是在该润滑油组合物中该粘度稀释剂混合物的总量不要超过约12-13重％。在该润滑油组合物中存在约9.8重％的二异辛基己二酸酯和约9.6重％的氧代二-十三烷基己二酸酯也已经达到了有效的粘度控制。
本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油组合物可以简单的通过把各组分加到基础润滑油中并把这些物质混合在一起来制备，通过该混合的方法制备的润滑油是本发明的另一个实施方案。
本发明的二冲程发动机润滑油组合物可以自由的与在二冲程发动机中所用的燃料混合。这样的润滑油和燃料的混合物包括本发明的另一个实施方案。用于二冲程发动机的燃料是本领域熟练的技术人员公知的，其通常含有主要量的通常的液体燃料，例如含烃的石油馏分燃料，例如按ASTM规格D-439-73定义的车用汽油。这些燃料也可以含有非烃类物质例如醇、醚、有机硝基化合物等，例如甲醇、乙醇、乙醚、甲基乙基醚、硝基甲烷，当这些燃料是由植物和矿物源例如玉米、α-页岩和煤得到的液体燃料时都在本发明的范围之内。这样的燃料混合物的例子是汽油和乙醇的混合物、柴油和醚的混合物、汽油和硝基甲烷的混合物等。特别优选的是汽油，即ASTM蒸馏时在10％馏出点为60℃，在90％馏出点约为205℃的烃类的混合物。
本发明的二冲程发动机润滑剂以与燃料的混合物形式使用，其用量为每1重量份润滑油约20-250重量份燃料，更典型的是每1重量份润滑油约30-100重量份燃料。这样的混合物和它们在二冲程发动机中的应用是本发明的另外的实施方案。
其它优选的实施方案是生物降解的功能液，该功能液用做金属加工液、压缩机润滑剂、液压液、拖拉机润滑液、工业润滑剂、通用润滑剂、齿轮润滑剂等。这样的功能液一般的可以含有85-90重％的合成酯基础油，约8-12重％的C12-C28单羧酸的多元醇酯以及约1-5重％的一种或多种抗氧化剂、抗磨剂、防腐剂、消泡剂、破乳剂和防锈剂组成的添加剂整套配方。
优选的是一种液压液组合物，其中基础酯油是氧代十三烷基己二酸酯(87重％)，第二种酯是三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯(10重％)，并且存在3％的抗氧化剂、抗磨剂、防腐剂、消泡剂、破乳剂的混合物。该优选的液压液在FZG试验(IP 334/79)中显示很好的结果，其是可降解的，即在ASTM D 5864-95改进Sturm试验中至少55％，并且显示可以接受的水生毒性性能，其是根据Water Accommdated FractionTest(ASTM D 6081)。
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步说明，但是其不是要限制本发明的范围。在下面的实施例1的表中给出了对于NMMA TC-W3试验的发动机试验结果。在该试验中所用的发动机是空冷单缸Yamaha CE50S发动机，该发动机有下面一般的标准：排量3.0立方英寸(90cc)，汽缸内径1.57英寸(40mm)，冲程径1.54英寸(39.2mm)，压缩比7.2∶1  。实施例1
按照下面的组分组成制备润滑油，在TC-W3试验中进行发动机试验。
组    分 重％
A 通过缩合异硬脂酸、聚异丁烯(Mn 950)琥珀酸酐和四亚乙基五胺制备的分散剂(98％活性组分矿物油溶液) 7.912
B 聚异丁烯(Mn 950)琥珀酰亚胺分散剂(50.5重％活性组分矿物油溶液) 7.786
C 二异辛基己二酸酯，在100℃的粘度2.8cSt 9.785
D 氧代十三烷基己二酸酯，在100℃的粘度5.3cSt 9.616
E 45摩尔％支链辛酸和55摩尔％直链辛酸和癸酸的混合物的混合物的技术级季戊四醇酯，在100℃的粘度6.8cst 58.172
F 三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯 6.729
在-25℃的Brookfield粘度是6,870cps。它的生物降解性能是61.10％(ASTM D 5864-95)
            润滑性能试验结果-TC W3
试样 4.92
参考样 5.12
差值 -0.2
通过/失败 通过
实施例2
制备2种液压液，在FZG齿轮装备试验机中进行试验。该试验，IP(Institute of Petroleum)334/79测定润滑性能，在该试验中，2个钢制旋转齿轮一起旋转一系列的75分钟。每一阶段后，齿轮之间的相对转矩增加一个固定值，该齿轮一起试验一个给定的周期后，检验它们的磨损和损害情况。该试验的结果以最终通过阶段和首先失败阶段表示。通过阶段应该是大于8。该试验在技术上等于ASTM D5182-91。
A B
添加剂整套配方 3％ 3％
氧代十三烷基己二酸酯 87％ 87％
三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯 10％ -
二-十三烷基邻苯二甲酸酯 - 10％
FZG结果 13 12
润滑油A是本发明的润滑油，其显示很好的FZG结果。润滑油B含有第二种酯，其不在本发明的范围，其作为润滑性能添加剂效果较差。两种润滑油的添加剂整套配方是相同的，是抗氧化剂、抗磨剂、防腐剂、消泡剂、破乳剂的混合物。按照Water Accommodated Fractionprocedure of ASTM D 6081，润滑油A的生物降解性能是61.3％，水生毒性LC50＞1000ppm。

Claims (19)

1.一种生物降解润滑剂或功能液组合物，该组合物包括：
(A)45-94重％的合成酯基础油，该合成酯基础油是一种醇和羧酸的酯，该酯在100℃的粘度是4.0-12.0cSt，该酸具有5-10个碳原子，
(B)5-18重％的能有效的提高该组合物的润滑性能和抗磨性能的第二种酯，所说的第二种酯是按如下的方法制备的：(i)选自三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇和新戊二醇的多元醇和(ii)具有12-28个碳原子的脂族单羧酸反应制备的，和
(c)1-35重％的用于润滑剂或功能液的添加剂整套配方，其中由ASTM D 5864-95改进的Sturm试验测定的该组合物的生物降解性能至少55％，并且显示环境可以接受的水生毒性性能。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物，其中组分(B)的单羧酸有18-24个碳原子。
3.根据权利要求2的组合物，其中组分(B)的酸是异硬脂酸。
4.根据权利要求2或3的组合物，其中组分(B)的多元醇是三羟甲基丙烷。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物，其是功能液。
6.根据权利要求5的组合物，其是液压液。
7.根据权利要求1的液压液，其中存在85-90重％的(A)组分，8-12重％的(B)组分和1-5重％的(C)组分。
8.根据权利要求7的液压液，其中(A)组分是氧代十三烷基己二酸酯，(B)组分是三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯。
9.一种生物降解的合成二冲程发动机润滑油组合物，其包括在100℃的粘度约为4-12cSt并且是C5-C10直链或支链单羧酸的多元醇酯的基础酯润滑油，有效量的二冲程发动机润滑油清净剂/分散剂和在100℃的粘度为1-6cSt的轻酯油或具有4-12个碳原子的脂族醇或它们的混合物的粘度稀释剂，和作为润滑性能添加剂的5-18重％的三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇或二季戊四醇与C12-C28饱和或不饱和直链或支链单羧酸的酯，该组合物在ASTM D 5864-95改进Sturm试验中的生物降解性能至少55％，并且在-25℃的Brookfield粘度小于7,500cps。
10.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中该清净剂/分散剂是聚异丁烯琥珀酰亚胺分散剂。
11.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中该粘度稀释剂是二异辛基己二酸酯、异庚醇或异癸醇，或它们的混合物。
12.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中基础酯润滑油是技术级季戊四醇与C8-支链和C8-C10直链单羧酸的混合物的酯，其在100℃的粘度为6-8cSt。
13.根据权利要求9的组合物，其含有约15-19重％的该清净剂/分散剂。
14.根据权利要求9的组合物，其含有约7-8重％的通过缩合异硬脂酸、聚异丁烯基(Mn 950)琥珀酸酐和四亚乙基五胺制备的清净剂/分散剂，和7-8重％的聚异丁烯基(Mn 950)琥珀酰亚胺清净剂/分散剂。
15.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中粘度稀释剂是异癸醇和二异辛基己二酸酯的混合物，润滑性能添加剂是三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯。
16.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中润滑性能添加剂是三羟甲基丙烷异硬脂酸酯。
17.根据权利要求9的组合物，其中存在约6-8重％的润滑性能添加剂。
18.一种适合用于二冲程发动机的燃料润滑剂混合物，其约20-250重量份的燃料含有1重量份的权利要求9的润滑油组合物。
19.根据权利要求9-18的组合物，其是通过混合各种组分制备的。
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CA2300998A1 (en) 1999-04-01
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CA2300998C (en) 2006-06-20
EP1017766A1 (en) 2000-07-12

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