CN1269859A - 用于建筑物的墙的改进的模板 - Google Patents
用于建筑物的墙的改进的模板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1269859A CN1269859A CN98808805A CN98808805A CN1269859A CN 1269859 A CN1269859 A CN 1269859A CN 98808805 A CN98808805 A CN 98808805A CN 98808805 A CN98808805 A CN 98808805A CN 1269859 A CN1269859 A CN 1269859A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0269—Building elements with a natural stone facing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8676—Wall end details
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Abstract
用于建造支承墙的模板,它包括多个相对的面板(PE,PI),后者连在一起,以便在其间形成内部空间,上述相对的面板对以叠置的排布置,每对面板都用具有可调节的长度的支架(6)相连,支架(6)与面板(PE,PI)都在浇灌在上述内部空间中的水泥材料固化以后留在所形成的墙中。如此形成的墙做有间隔支承构件和通风通路,并且得到强烈的隔热,而且已经精加工。
Description
本发明涉及建筑物结构,更具体一些,涉及建筑物的墙不但是内墙而且是外墙的结构。
本发明与用于建筑物的墙的模板,以及用于实现这种模板的多层面板,以及用于建造墙的方法有关。
本发明通过采用一次性模板元件优先用于(重量)支承墙,但是并不限于它,该模板元件作为干式装配的多层面板形成。
建造建筑物中和土木工程工事中的墙的已知方法需要大量的劳动,特别是在最终加工阶段。另一方面,预制品结构有刚性构造并需要一种在中型和小型建筑物场地不能常常得到的装配设备。
本发明的目的为提供改进的模板元件和一种通过使用这种模板元件建造建筑物的墙的方法,它涉及到通过尽可能减少木工费用和墙的终加工费用节省劳动,同时又允许有通过使用砖块而得到设计与结构的灵活性。
这些目的分别通过如权利要求1、8和9所要求的模板、多层面板和用于建造一墙的方法达到。本发明的其它有利的特色在从属权利要求中列出。
按照第一方面,本发明为一用于建筑物的墙的模板,它采用在工厂中制造的基本多层元件,这些元件最终结合在混凝土浇灌中,这种元件形成内贴面和外贴面,并且就地震事故而言,以伴生的安全优点牢固地固定在建筑物骨架上。
这种模板用多对相对的面板形成,后者连在一起,以便在其间形成内部空间,有几对相对的面板以叠置的排布置,而且每对面板用长度可调节的支撑彼此相连。支撑与面板都在浇灌在上述内部空间中的水泥材料固化以后留在所形成的墙中。
按照第二方面,本发明为一用于建筑物的墙的多层面板,它包括两层或更多的材料,其中一层用于形成完工的墙的贴面,其它层用刚性隔热材料的厚板或薄板形成,具有多个连接两层的居中的间隔件或肋,以便在其间划出通道。
按照第三方面,本发明为通过使用这种模板元件建造墙的方法。
现在参考某些优选的但是不作限制的实施例公开本发明,这些实施例示在附图中,其中:
图1为一基本面板的俯视图,它示出其结构,有一对支撑装在面板上;
图2示出两个支撑,它们用于将按照本发明的一对面板夹紧在一起;
图3为图1的面板支撑布置的侧视图;
图4为俯视图,它示出一对用支撑连接以建成模块式模板元件的相对的基本面板;
图5为图4所示的布置的侧视图;以及
图6为透视图,它示出两个相交成角部的墙的结构。
现在参看图,特别是图1至3,按照本发明的模板由基本的多层面板10形成。一对面板10以预定的距离彼此面对面放置并用支撑装置固定,以形成模块式模板元件。
面板有两种类型,即外面板PE或内面板PI。更确切一些说,面板PE在建造建筑物的外墙时使用,而一对面板的另一面板则为PI面板。当建造内墙如隔墙时,则每对面板的各个面板都是PI面板,但是不一定需要有同样的结构。
多层面板(PE或PI)最好有一矩形并且包括一用于分别形成完成的墙的内贴面或外贴面的光洁层或面层1E或1I、一用隔热的刚性材料做的层4,和多个将层1E或1I和4彼此相连的居中的间隔件2或肋。肋2彼此平行并与矩形侧的任一个平行,以便划出通道3。
当多个面板PE或PI装配在一平面中,以形成一墙时,对齐的通道3形成可用于通风目的或用于接纳电缆和/或水管及类似物的通路。
形成墙的外贴面的贴面层1E可以是石板、瓷砖、由水泥和石粒的混合物形成的层、大理石、陶瓷制品等,而且还有合成塑料。
形成墙的内贴面的贴面层1I可以用灰浆、油灰、石膏纤维板(石膏纸板)、石膏砖等做成。
隔热层4由任何一种合成材料如聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯,或天然材料如软木、玻璃棉,或复合材料如泡沫(cellular)水泥和水泥与聚苯乙烯颗粒的混合物,或膨胀土,或蛭石等的刚性厚板或薄板形成。
基本面板10在工厂中按照传统技术制造,例如用水泥、瓷砖或陶瓷制品的混合物在合适的模子、压力机或振动设备等中成型。
基本面板沿其整个周边在两个贴面层和隔热层上都做有榫5。这些榫在两个相邻侧上是阳榫,而在其余两侧是阴榫。榫最好通过恰当地定位肋2形成。
在面板的厚度中沿将要沿水平定位的边最好是长边形成孔7,以接纳支撑或支架6,后者用于以相对的关系将两个基本面板连接在一起,以便如图4和5所示,形成模块式模板元件。支架6最好有一像(平的)H字的形状,以便它们能彼此夹紧成对的叠置的基本面板10。当在一对基本面板上不装配其它面板时,可以采用C字形支架。按照在图中示出的不作限制的实施例,包括两根杆的支架6可滑动地被接纳在一做有多个孔的套筒中,杆的从上述套筒伸出的端部做有与贴面层1E,1I的厚度中的孔7接合的装置。按照另一实施例(图中未示出),支架6包括做有内螺纹的管状构件和两个带螺纹的杆,后者的位置可相对于这种管形构件连续调节。
支架6完成两种任务:
1.将两个准备形成模板的模块式模板元件的相对的基本面板彼此定位并连在一起,在模板中,准备浇灌水泥材料如混凝土。
2.将两个面板锚定在支承结构上,因为它们将被埋在固化的水泥材料中。
可以加上附加的特殊构件,以形成角部、门框和窗框等,所有这些都会包括隔热材料层,以便防止形成热桥(路径)。
通过形成成排的成对的彼此相对的并用恰当数量的支架连接的面板,并将各排彼此如图6所示叠置,就可得到一完整的模板。通过在包括在每对面板的隔热厚板之间的空间中优选浇灌混凝土或合适的水泥材料,就得到一个墙,它已经按要求做有内贴面或外贴面或同时做有内贴面和外贴面,并且是隔热的和具有通风通道的。
如图4至6所示,可以在支架6上固定加强用的钢杆A,特别是在采用混凝土时。支架6埋在浇灌好的材料中并代替捆在其上或用其它方法固定在其上的具有纵向杆和垂直杆A的横杆。
墙的厚度8可容易地通过调节支架6的长度来选择。
由于本发明,有可能在有给定厚度的钢筋混凝土的情况下建造支承墙,它有隔热层,并已经备有内贴面和/或外贴面,以及做有通风通道。
本发明可用在建筑物的墙的建造中,不但是内墙,而且是外墙。
Claims (10)
1.用于建筑物的墙的模板,它包括多对相对的面板(PE,PI),后者连在一起,以便在其间形成内部空间,上述相对的面板对以叠置的排布置,每对面板都用具有可调节的长度的支架(6)相连,支架(6)与面板(PE,PI)都在浇灌在上述内部空间中的水泥材料固化以后留在所形成的墙中。
2.如权利要求1的模板,其特征为,上述面板包括至少两个材料层,其中的一层(1E,1I)用于形成已完成的墙的贴面,另一层(4)用刚性隔热材料的厚板形成,面板还包括多个居中的平行间隔件或肋(2),后者将上述层(1E,1I,4)彼此连在一起,以便在上述两个层(1E,1I,4)之间划出通道。
3.如权利要求1至2的模板,其特征为,上述支架(6)包括两根可滑动地被接纳在做有多个孔的套筒中的杆,从上述套筒伸出的杆的端部做有与贴面层(1E,1I)接合的装置。
4.如前述权利要求的任一项的模板,其特征为,上述贴面层为一外贴面(1E)或一内贴面(1I)。
5.如前述权利要求的任一项的模板,其特征为,加强用的杆(A)位于上述内部空间中并固定在上述支架(6)上。
6.如前述权利要求的任一项的模板,其特征为,上述面板(PE,PI)的每一个都具有矩形。
7.采用并结合如权利要求1至6的模板建造的墙。
8.用于建筑物的墙的多层面板(PE,PI),该墙包括至少两个材料层,其中一层(1E,1I)用于形成已完成的墙的贴面,另一层(4)用刚性隔热材料的厚板或薄板形成,并用多个居中的间隔件或肋(2)将两个层(1E、1I、4)连在一起,以便在其间划出通道。
9.用于建造做有通风道路的墙的方法,它包括下列步骤:
—制备多对面板(PE,PI),每对包括一用于形成墙的贴面段的外层。
—用支架装置(6)将各对上述面板(PE,PI)装配在一起,以便在上述面板(PE,PI)之间形成内部空间;
—按叠置的排布置上述面板对;
—在上述内部空间中浇灌水泥材料,从而在上述水泥材料固化时同时将上述面板(PE,PI)和支架装置(6)埋在墙中。
10.如权利要求9的方法,其特征为,上述墙为支承墙。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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IT97CT000026A IT1297654B1 (it) | 1997-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Sistema per la costruzione di muri portanti e non, a spessore variabile,isolati e con paramenti finiti, mediante l'assemblaggio a |
ITCT97A00026 | 1997-09-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1269859A true CN1269859A (zh) | 2000-10-11 |
CN1109170C CN1109170C (zh) | 2003-05-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN98808805A Expired - Fee Related CN1109170C (zh) | 1997-09-02 | 1998-08-22 | 用于建筑物的墙的改进的模板 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6321498B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1017909B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2001515156A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010023206A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1109170C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE212096T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU742071B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9811620A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2301596A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69803204T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2172204T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0303549A2 (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1297654B1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL338925A1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK2922000A3 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200000556T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999011883A1 (zh) |
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PL421973A1 (pl) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-01-02 | Stachoń Cezary | Sposób wznoszenia ścian budynku, sposób wznoszenia budynku, ściana budynku oraz budynek |
CA3056094A1 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-21 | Cooper E. Stewart | Insulating concrete form apparatus |
CA3061942A1 (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-19 | Bradley J. Crosby | Concrete form with removable sidewall |
CN110258856B (zh) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | 一种用于叠合剪力墙的可拆卸工装系统及建筑墙体 |
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FR483097A (fr) | 1916-10-06 | 1917-05-25 | Claude Nicolas Bonnet | Entretoises permettant l'édification de cloisons jumelées pour batiments d'habitation et autres constructions |
DE1814456A1 (de) | 1968-12-13 | 1970-06-25 | Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Behaeltern mittels keramischer Schalplatten |
EP0692585B1 (de) | 1994-07-11 | 1997-11-19 | Manfred Bruer | Schalungselement |
DE19501112A1 (de) | 1995-01-17 | 1995-11-02 | Altmann Waldemar | Schalungssystem |
US5632126A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1997-05-27 | Agsten; Carl F. | Wall system involving corrugated panels for making confinement cells |
US6148576A (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2000-11-21 | Janopaul, Jr.; Peter | Energy conserving wall unit and method of forming same |
-
1997
- 1997-09-02 IT IT97CT000026A patent/IT1297654B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1998
- 1998-08-22 PL PL98338925A patent/PL338925A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-22 CN CN98808805A patent/CN1109170C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-22 JP JP2000508869A patent/JP2001515156A/ja active Pending
- 1998-08-22 AT AT98947477T patent/ATE212096T1/de active
- 1998-08-22 EP EP98947477A patent/EP1017909B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-22 AU AU94382/98A patent/AU742071B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-22 ES ES98947477T patent/ES2172204T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-22 US US09/486,004 patent/US6321498B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-22 HU HU0303549A patent/HUP0303549A2/hu unknown
- 1998-08-22 CA CA002301596A patent/CA2301596A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-22 DE DE69803204T patent/DE69803204T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-22 WO PCT/EP1998/005493 patent/WO1999011883A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-22 BR BR9811620-7A patent/BR9811620A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-22 SK SK292-2000A patent/SK2922000A3/sk unknown
- 1998-08-22 KR KR1020007001835A patent/KR20010023206A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-22 TR TR2000/00556T patent/TR200000556T2/xx unknown
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101839030A (zh) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 冯岩 | 新型建筑组装合成墙体及施工方法 |
CN103736589A (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-23 | 东北电力大学 | 一种碳纤维导电混凝土墙式除尘装置 |
CN107178166A (zh) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-19 | 彭志军 | 一种轻质高强度组装墙体 |
CN109653490A (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 江苏合谷建筑设计有限公司 | 一种用于混凝土浇灌的模板结构及其工作方法 |
CN109653490B (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-11-21 | 内蒙古驰通建设工程有限公司 | 一种用于混凝土浇灌的模板结构及其工作方法 |
CN110847447A (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-28 | 三一筑工科技有限公司 | 双皮墙连接结构 |
CN110847447B (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-01-29 | 三一筑工科技有限公司 | 双皮墙连接结构 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1017909B1 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
JP2001515156A (ja) | 2001-09-18 |
SK2922000A3 (en) | 2000-12-11 |
PL338925A1 (en) | 2000-11-20 |
WO1999011883A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
DE69803204T2 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
DE69803204D1 (de) | 2002-02-21 |
ATE212096T1 (de) | 2002-02-15 |
HUP0303549A2 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
ES2172204T3 (es) | 2002-09-16 |
ITCT970026A1 (it) | 1999-03-02 |
BR9811620A (pt) | 2000-09-12 |
CA2301596A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
KR20010023206A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
CN1109170C (zh) | 2003-05-21 |
AU742071B2 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
AU9438298A (en) | 1999-03-22 |
US6321498B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
IT1297654B1 (it) | 1999-12-20 |
EP1017909A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
TR200000556T2 (tr) | 2000-07-21 |
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