CN1266611A

CN1266611A - Top graft method for walnut to wingnut

Info

Publication number: CN1266611A
Application number: CN 99115278
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘庆民; 陈建国; 毛泽泉; 李征宇; 陈芳; 李凤芝; 邓菊云
Original assignee: SHANQU COMPREHENSIVE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTER HUNAN PROV
Current assignee: SHANQU COMPREHENSIVE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTER HUNAN PROV
Priority date: 1999-03-11
Filing date: 1999-03-11
Publication date: 2000-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2019-03-11
Also published as: CN1112095C

Abstract

A technique for top graft of walnut to wingnut includes selecting the cutting position on the wingnut trunk above the water immersed line, choosing the annual new branches near the cutting position as stock, grafting the walnut scion which has been immersed, and retaining appropriate obliquely growing new branches of wingnut under the cutting position. Its advantage is high survival rate and preservative rate up to 90%.

Description

The method of Chinese ash high position grafting walnut

The present invention relates to the graft technology of plant, specifically is Chinese ash grafting walnut technology

In the southern river of China, river, lakeside, extensively planting a kind of shelter forest seeds that are referred to as Chinese ash along water system.Chinese ash, be referred to as level ground willow (Pterocarya stenopteraDC.) again, be commonly called as dryland willow, terrible willow, be deciduous tree, happiness grows in the He Xi both sides or than the low humidity place, well developed root system, growth is fast, and adaptability is strong, and the life-span is long, being the quick growing species of trees as forest against wave wash, greening woods, retaining woods and firewood forest, also is the important species of long anti-woods engineering.

Walnut is a kind of fruit of preciousness, is of high nutritive value.By analysis, contain multiple little living element and inorganic salts in the walnut kernel, especially with protein and fat content be other fruit can't be obtained.Because fat content is many, the oil yield height is again good oil plants.In addition, walnut kernel also has medical care effect, can pleasantly enrich blood, and is relieving cough and reducing sputum, the kidney tonifying of profit liver, and aid digestion, profit skin is a kind of Chinese medicine tonic commonly used, walnut kernel also is popular in the international market simultaneously.

Though Chinese ash grafting walnut is early on the books at China's ancient book, Shandong the orchard worker also use till today always.But this technology is only used and is studied as the part of walnut seedling growing process.The angle that this Study on Technology is combined with economic forest from the ecological forest how, wave resistance, the water storage function of Chinese ash had both been utilized, make full use of the economic worth of walnut again, especially in the river, river, lake, reservoir area, realizing the unification of ecological benefits and economic benefit, then is the extremely work of realistic meaning.And the key that realizes this purpose is the technology that solves Chinese ash high position grafting walnut, particularly improves the problem of high position grafting survival rate.The early 1990s, the forestry scientific research department in Hunan has carried out the research work of Chinese ash grafting thin-shelled walnut for quickening the breeding of thin-shelled walnut improved variety scion, and survival rate is about 70% then, but owing to technical reason, the withered phenomenon of scion promptly appears in second and third year after the grafting.Thus, the survival rate and the storage rate problem of raising large tracts of land Chinese ash high position grafting walnut then are the current problems that presses for solution.

The present invention is intended to propose a series of technical measures to solve the technical barrier of Chinese ash high position grafting walnut.

The main technical schemes that realizes the object of the invention is as follows: on the trunk of Chinese ash, top with water logging line height over the years is saw kerf, selecting near several young sprouts annual, diameter 1.5-2.0cm of saw kerf is stock, will be through 8-12% aqueous sucrose solution or 10--14 hour walnut graft of saturated common salt aqueous solution soaking, with the grafting of cut-grafting method, the scion grafting time the last ten-days period in February to the first ten-day period of the March, bud grafting was advisable to August in July, after the grafting, on the Chinese ash trunk below the grafting mouth, hold the oblique living Chinese ash spray that stays right quantity.

Be described in further detail the present invention below.

Chinese ash waterlogging-resistant, anti-lean, adaptability is strong, grafting affinity is strong, makes the stock of walnut with Chinese ash, not only growth, the result to walnut has desirable influence, and strong to the adaptive capacity to environment of cultivating the area, helps developing walnut production thus.

The branch structure of walnut is different with other fruit tree, and the phloem fiber cell mass is many, can reach the 3--4 layer at the annual branch base portion, and when phloem separated with xylem, cambial cell was attached to the bast part more; Speed, quality and survival rate that the walnut callus forms are all lower, and callus is coarse, and interrupted phenomenon is arranged; Particularly in the tree body of walnut, the interior tannin content of branch and bud is very high, very fast oxidation in air and produce the separation layer of pitchy, and influence the formation of interface callus; Bleeding takes place in walnut easily, has bleeding sap as interface, can hinder stock and scion both sides' mass exchange, suppresses interface cells physiological activity, hinders the reduction of tannin oxidative condensation thing, thereby reduces graft survival rate.Therefore will improve Chinese ash grafting walnut survival rate must take corresponding measure at the These characteristics of walnut.

Selecting vigorous sturdy branch of physiological function and scion is basis and the prerequisite that improves the high position grafting survival rate.The present invention selects Hunan nuclear 1,2,3 new lines of precocity, the big fruit of high-quality for use, and sets up breeding and adopt the fringe maternal plant garden, cultivates healthy and strong scion.Grafting in good time helps the healing of wound, and the present invention proposes the scion grafting time and is advisable with late Febuary to early March, this moment walnut on the occasion of the Germination to Frondescent phase, and the bud grafting time is the 7--8 month, be the young sprout thickening growth phase this moment; The processing of scion is an important ring of the present invention, scion is immersed in grafting again after 10--14 hour in the aqueous sucrose solution of 8--12% or the saturated common salt aqueous solution, can prevent that interface from promoting cambial activity simultaneously because of the tannin oxidation produces separation layer, accelerate agglutination, improve survival rate; Graft union after grafting adopts plastic film to tie up, and ties up appropriateness, and the formation fringe close proximity that makes stock and scion also is to improve an important ring of survival rate; Hold simultaneously the oblique living Chinese ash spray that stays right quantity on the Chinese ash trunk below the grafting mouth, these sprays make scion and stock realize nutrition complement, to overcome the scion problem of death as the auxilliary branch of supporting.With this method grafting walnut, large tracts of land survival rate and storage rate reach about 90%.

Set height more than the water logging line over the years Chinese ash, to Chinese ash shaping branch or saw dried branch, scion grafting in spring on branch, summer budding, the ecological forest effect of Chinese ash tree is given full play to, and in the river, river, lake, reservoir area be by grafting walnut on the maple field, the production of development walnut.Therefore, Chinese ash high position grafting walnut, make the water logging line with the lower part as forest against wave wash, the ecological forest; the water logging line is an economic forest with top; solved the contradiction of the ecological forest and economic forest, both, provided new way for keeping away big vast agricultural development again for the protection ecological forest provides strong guarantee.

Claims

1. the method for a Chinese ash high position grafting walnut, it is characterized in that: on the trunk of Chinese ash, with the height more than the water logging line over the years is saw kerf, select saw kerf neighbouring annual, diameter is that several young sprouts of 1.5-2cm are stock, will be through 8-12% aqueous sucrose solution or 10-14 hour walnut graft of saturated common salt aqueous solution soaking, whip grafting carries out grafting at late Febuary to early March, bud grafting method carries out grafting in the 7--8 month, after otch is inserted in scion, tie up with plastic film, after the grafting, on the Chinese ash trunk below the grafting mouth, hold the oblique living Chinese ash spray that stays right quantity.