CN1260413C - 帐篷用布料和洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法 - Google Patents

帐篷用布料和洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1260413C
CN1260413C CNB018030734A CN01803073A CN1260413C CN 1260413 C CN1260413 C CN 1260413C CN B018030734 A CNB018030734 A CN B018030734A CN 01803073 A CN01803073 A CN 01803073A CN 1260413 C CN1260413 C CN 1260413C
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spun
twisted
kenaf
mestha
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鳥居壮
豐田宏
多田憲司
木下晴義
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Taiyo Kogyo K K
Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Asahi Fabric Co Ltd
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Asahi Fabric Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及的帐篷布料的特征在于，它由含有洋麻纤维的纤维纱织成的织物构成，并且上述的纤维纱含有10%重量以上的洋麻纤维。所说的帐篷布料在使用后可以容易地再利用，有助于节省资源及环境保护。

Description

帐篷用布料和洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及例如拱型棒球场等各种竞技场的顶棚、运动会等使用的小型帐篷的顶棚或附属设备以及博览会展示场等的顶棚和隔壁使用的帐篷用布料和洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法。
背景技术
迄今为止，例如对于在运动会中作为集会用凉篷或在博览会中作为大型膜结构物的顶棚材料等使用的帐篷材料，一般都是使用在由各种合成纤维纱织成的织物上涂覆一层用于赋与防水性的软质氯乙烯树脂等材料而形成的布料。另外，也有人使用在涂覆树脂中含有卤化物等材料的帐篷布料，其目的是向帐篷赋与防火性。
然而，这类由合成纤维制成的帐篷布料随着使用时间的延长就会逐渐劣化至难以再生的程度，因此在使用后有对其进行焚烧处理的倾向。然而，存在由于焚烧而产生二氧芑等各种化学物质或有害气体的危险。因此，至今多数都是把旧帐篷布料作为工业废物进行填埋处理。
本发明鉴于上述存在的问题，其第一个目的是提供一种在使用后容易进行再利用，有利于节省资源和环境保护的帐篷布料。
另外，本发明的第二个目的是提供一种可用于高密度而且高强度的织物，并且最适合用于帐篷布料用的洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法。
发明内容
本发明为了达到上述目的所采取的技术手段是以帐篷布料及洋麻交捻纱及其制造方法来完成的，并且作为帐篷布料的特征是以由含有洋麻纤维纱及其制造方法来完成的，并且作为帐篷布料的特征是以由含有洋麻纤维的纤维纱织物制成的帐篷布料作为解决的手段。
进而，上述的纤维纱优选含有10％重量以上的洋麻纤维。
所说的帐篷布料是由锦葵科植物获得的洋麻纤维制成的，因此在使用后可以容易地作为纸张再利用。
作为洋麻交捻纱的特征，它是一种通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱与由化学纤维或天然纤维等纺成的纱捻合在一起而制成的洋麻交捻纱，由上述化学纤维等纺成的纱按照一定的张力捻合到由洋麻纤维纺成的纱上。
作为洋麻交捻纱的制造方法的特征，它是一种通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱与由化学纤维或天然纤维等纺成的纱捻合在一起来制造捻合纱的洋麻交捻纱的制造方法，在该方法中，由上述化学纤维等纺成的纱按照一定的强力并且按照比由洋麻纤维纺成的纱更快的速度送出。
另外，在通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱与由化学纤维或天然纤维等纺成的纱捻合在一起来制造捻合纱的洋麻交捻纱的制造方法中，根据两种纱线的伸长率来控制它们的送出速度，以便使两种纱在受到拉伸力的作用下伸长时，大致上在同时断裂。
如上所述，本发明中的说的帐篷布料是使用洋麻纤维作为构成帐篷布料的纤维纱而制成的布料，因此该帐篷布料在使用后可以容易作为纸张进行再生使用。
因此，象传统的帐篷布料那样，没有对其进行废弃处理的必要性，在使用之后可以再利用，从而能够节省资源，并且能够间接地抑制地球变暖，并有助于环境保护。
另外，本发明的洋麻交捻纱，纱线的粗细和强度稳定，抗拉强度高，纱线的光滑性良好，因此可以制成高密度和高强度的织物，特别适合于制造帐篷用布料。
对附图的简单说明
图1是表示本发明一个实施方案的洋麻交捻纱的截面图。
图2是表示本发明一个实施方案的帐篷布料的截面图。
用于实施发明的最佳方案
下面说明本发明的实施方案。
本发明的帐篷布料由一种含有洋麻纤维的纤维纱织成的织物构成。
洋麻纤维是指由洋麻(锦葵科植物)获得的纤维质，不管其原产地为何处，各种洋麻纤维均可使用。
由洋麻纤维制成的纤维纱可以是只由洋麻的纤维质纺成的纺织纱(洋麻纤维占100％重量)，也可以是由洋麻纤维与其他纤维纺成的混纺纱。
作为洋麻之外的纤维，可以使用黄麻或棉等其他的天然纤维、人造丝等的化学纤维、聚酯(PET)等的合成纤维等。
在使用混纺纱的情况下，洋麻纤维与其他纤维的混合比例没有特殊限定，但洋麻纤维优选在10％重量以上，更优选在50％重量以上。
上述含有洋麻的纤维纱可以按照公知的方法制得，即：将原料洋麻浸渍于水中，将其韧皮分离出来，将此韧皮干燥，获得韧皮纤维，将其切断成适当的长度(50mm左右)，然后用纺制来获得。在纺制混纺时，可以一边与其他纤维混合，一边用纺纱机纺纱。
所获的纤维纱可以按公知的方法来形成织物。纺织的方法没有特殊的限定，可以是通常的平纹织法或斜纹织法等。
另外，作为织物，可以举出下述各种状态的织物，例如：仅用只由洋麻纤维纺成的纤维纱织成的织物、仅用由洋麻纤维与其他纤维纺成的混纺纱织成的织物、使用只由上述洋麻纤维纺成的纤维纱与上述的混纺纱织成的织物，或者使用只由上述洋麻纤维纺成的纤维纱和/或上述的混纺纱与不含洋麻纤维的其他纤维纱织成的织物等。
另外，可以根据需要对织物的至少一侧表面进行防水处理或耐光处理等的耐气候性处理或防火处理等。作为此时使用的处理材料，可以选择那些象聚烯烃等在作为纸张再利用时没有妨碍的和对环境不产生不良影响的材料。维制成的帐篷布料可以间接地抑制地球变暖，并能对环境的净化作出贡献。
另外，本发明的帐蓬布料在由于长时间使用而劣化，或者由于一部分破损而不能使用之后，还可以将其回收并再生成为纸张使用。
制造纸张的再生工序可以按传统的方法进行，即：把废旧的帐蓬布料剪裁成适当的大小，将其投入搅拌器中与水一起搅拌，向其中加入化学试剂并加热，通过筛网以除去粗的杂物，然后再次通过筛网并用浓缩机进行脱水处理，从而获得旧纸浆。可以根据需要将此旧纸浆与新纸浆混合，然后使用抄纸机进行抄造，从而制得再生纸。
下面对使用上述只由洋麻的纤维质纺成的纱或混合纱等(洋麻纱)与作为由化学纤维制成的纱(压合纱)的聚酯纱一起纺成的交捻纱进行说明。如图1所示，由洋麻纱1与聚酯纱的双纱(PET双纱)2捻合而成交捻纱，但是把PET双纱2的送出速度(V2)设定为比洋麻纱1的送出速度(V1)快一些。具体地说，应满足1＜(V2/V1)＜1.1的关系。优选满足1＜(V2/V1)＜1.05的关系。另外，洋麻纱1和PET双纱2各自按一定的速度而且一定的张力送出，并且其捻合状态为松捻纱。捻转的次数例如优选为100次/m左右。
与其他天然纤维相比，洋麻纱的纤维本身较粗，因此在纱线上存在凹凸(在图1中示出的假想线)，纱线的粗度和强度的稳定性不好，当洋麻为100％时就不能确保纱线的强度。然而，在按上述方法制造交捻纱3时，送出长度稍长的PET双纱2以一定的张力将洋麻纱1卷绕起来，因此，洋麻纱1中较粗的部分1a由于被PET双纱2卷绕而变细，从而抑制了起毛现象，而较细的部分1b由于受到PET双纱2的卷绕力较小，因此几乎没有变化，从而可以制得粗细大致上一定和强度稳定而且具有高强度的交捻纱。
在把所说的交捻纱3例如作为纬纱使用来制成织物的情况下，由于纱线的光滑性良好，可以抑制起毛，因此可以获得高强度而且高密度的织物，最适合作为上述的帐篷布料使用。另外，作为经纱，优选使用在表面上几乎没有凹凸的聚酯纱，但对此没有特别限定。
另外，洋麻交捻纱3不限于上述的实施方案，它也可以是如下的实施方案。具体地说，虽然与上述同样地使用洋麻纱1和PET双纱2，但是通过根据两种纱的伸长率来控制各自的送出速度，可以制得具有更大抗拉强度的高强度的捻合纱。
例如，对于洋麻纱的洋麻，使用按黄麻的支数计为7支的单纱，而对于PET纱，则使用按棉纱支数计为20支的双纱。然后测定两种纱线在拉断极限时每单位长度的伸长率。例如，洋麻纱的伸长率为5％，而PET双纱的伸长率为15％。通过从伸长率大的数值减去伸长率小的数值，即可求得两个数值之差(15-5＝10％)。在本实施方案中，与洋麻纱1相比，PET双纱2的每单位长度伸长了10％。
因此，把伸长率较小的洋麻纱1按照它与伸长率较大的PET纱相比所产生的差值的部分(每单位长度为10％)以一定的速度而且较快地送出并进行捻合，这样可以一边使洋麻纱放松，一边进行捻合。其结果使得，当洋麻交捻纱3在受到张力作用时，两种纱大致上在同时被拉断，从而可以制造具有更高强度的交捻纱。而且，由于洋麻纱1与PET双纱2捻合在一起，因此可以使洋麻纱的凹凸减少，从而可以抑制起毛现象。
本发明并不限定于上述的实施方案，作为压合纱，除了PET双纱2之外，也可以使用由3条以上聚酯丝制成的纱或者由天然纤维制成的纱。
另外，使用上述各种交捻纱制得的织物由于可以获得高强度和高密度，因此最适合作为帐篷的布料使用，但是它当然也可作为其他用途的布料使用。
实施例
图2示出了作为帐篷布料的实施例。在该图中帐篷布料10是通过在上述织物(基布)11的两个侧面上设置涂覆层12而形成的布料。
基布11是使用聚酯纱13作为经纱，使用上述的洋麻交捻纱3作为纬纱，按照2×2的斜纹织法而织成的布料。另外，聚酯纱与洋麻交捻纱3的重量比例为23∶73。
在上述基布11的两个侧面上均涂覆一层EVA(乙烯·醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)。
单位面积的重量，基布为403(g/m2)、EVA为400(g/m2)，制成帐篷布料10时为804(g/m2)。
为了从上述帐篷布料10取得纸浆以将其再循环，进行了如下的实验。具体地说，采用碱蒸解法。向公知的旋转或高压釜中分别投入上述帐篷布料的小片(500g)、水(1升)和氢氧化钠(350g)。
然后，一边使高压釜内的温度维持在170～180℃，而且压力维持在7～8Kgf/cm2，一边进行4小时的蒸解试验。结果确认，EVA和聚酯纤维溶解，只有洋麻纤维残留下来，因此可以进行纸浆的抄制。

Claims (6)

1.一种帐篷布料，其特征在于，它由一种含有洋麻纤维的纤维纱织成的织物构成。
2.如权利要求1所述的帐篷布料，其中，上述纤维纱含有10％重量以上的洋麻纤维。
3.如权利要求1所述的帐篷布料，其中，上述的纤维纱是通过把由述洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)与由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的纱(2)捻合而形成的。
4.一种洋麻交捻纱，它是通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)与由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的纱(2)捻合而成的洋麻交捻纱，其特征在于，上述由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的纱(2)按照一定的张力捻合到由洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)上。
5.一种洋麻交捻纱的制造方法，该方法是通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)与由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的纱(2)捻合来制造捻合纱(3)，其特征在于，上述由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的纱(2)按照一定的张力而且按照比由洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)更快的速度送出。
6.一种洋麻交捻纱的制造方法，该方法是通过把由洋麻纤维纺成的纱(1)与由化学纤维或天然纤维纺成的(2)捻合来制造捻合纱(3)，其特征在于，根据纱(1)、纱(2)这两种纱的伸长率表分别控制它们的送出速度，以便使得在这两种纱受到拉力的作用而伸长时，大致上在同时断裂。
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