CN1248254A - 用于治疗神经变性疾病及与中枢神经系统创伤相关疾病的3-杂芳基-4(3h)-喹唑啉酮的阻转异构体 - Google Patents
用于治疗神经变性疾病及与中枢神经系统创伤相关疾病的3-杂芳基-4(3h)-喹唑啉酮的阻转异构体 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(Ⅰa)的3-杂芳基-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮新阻转异构体,其可药用盐,及药物组合物和治疗神经变性疾病及与CNS创伤有关的疾病的方法。
Description
本发明涉及式(Ia)的3-杂芳基-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮的阻转异构体,其可药用盐,及药物组合物和治疗神经变性疾病及与CNS创伤有关的疾病的方法。
阻转异构体是一类呈手性的异构体化合物,也就是说,该类异构体与其镜像是不重合的,并且,在分离后,该异构体会使偏振光以等量旋转,但方向不同。阻转异构体有别于对映异构体之处在于,其不具有单个的不对称原子。阻转异构体为一种构象异构体,其在分子中围绕单键的旋转受到阻碍或旋转非常缓慢,其原因在于,与分子的其它部分产生空间相互作用,并且在单键的两端的取代基是不对称的。有关阻转异构体的详细讨论可参看下述文献:Jerry March,高等有机化学(Advanced Organic Chemistry),101-102(1992,第4版)和Oki,Top.Stereochem.,14,1-81(1983)。
本发明的化合物提供了第一手证据,喹唑啉酮的阻转异构体是可以分离的,并且,分离后的异构体具有不同的AMPA受体拮抗剂活性。(AMPA受体为谷氨酸受体的一个亚种,其特点是可与α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑丙酸(AMPA)结合,该受体被认为是兴奋性氨基酸的突触后神经递质受体)。Colebrook等,Can.J.Chem.,53,3431-4(1975)观察了在喹唑啉酮中围绕C-N键受阻旋转的情形,但并未能进行分离或暗示旋转异构体可被分离。US专利申请60/017,738(申请日1996年5月15日,题为“新型2,3-二取代-4-(3H)-喹唑啉酮)和US专利申请60/017,737(申请日1996年5月15日,题为“新型2,3-二取代-(5,6)-杂芳基稠合-嘧啶-4-酮)提出外消旋的喹唑啉酮和嘧啶酮,这两篇文献均引入本文作为参考。本发明的发明人令人惊奇地发现,一种喹唑啉酮异构体具有所有的AMPA受体拮抗剂活性,该喹唑啉酮受引起空间相互作用的取代基的空间位置限定。
兴奋性氨基酸如谷氨酸和天冬氨酸作为中枢神经系统兴奋性突触传递的重要递质的作用已得到公认。Watkins & Evans,药理毒理学年鉴(Ann.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol.),21,165(1981);Monaghan,Bridges和Cotman,药理毒理学年鉴(Ann.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol.),29,365(1989);Watkins,Krogsgaard-Larsen和Honore,药物科学会刊(Trans.Pharm.Sci.),11,25(1990)。这些氨基酸主要通过兴奋性氨基酸受体在突触传递中发挥作用。这些氨基酸及其受体还参与各种其它生理过程,例如运动控制、呼吸、心血管调节、感知和认知。
兴奋性氨基酸受体分为两种总的类型。直接与神经元细胞膜上的阳离子通道开放偶联的受体被称为“离子型(ionotropic)”。该类型的受体分为至少三种亚型,这些亚型根据选择性激动剂N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)、α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基异噁唑-4-丙酸(AMPA)和红藻氨酸(KA)的去极化作用而定义。第二种总的类型是G-蛋白或第二信使相关的“代谢型(metabotropic)”兴奋性氨基酸受体。当第二种类型的受体被激动剂使君子酸、鹅膏氨酸或反-1-氨基环戊烷-1,3-二甲酸激活时,可引起突触后细胞内磷酸肌醇水解的增加。这两种类型的受体可能不仅介导沿兴奋通路的正常突触传递,而且还在突触传递的一生发育和效率改变的过程中参与突触联系的修饰。Schoepp,Bockaert和Sladeczek.药理科学的趋势(Trends inPharmacol.Sci.),11,508(1990);McDonald和Johnson,脑研究综述(Brain Research Reviews),15,41(1990)。
兴奋性氨基酸受体的过度或不适当的刺激会以被称为兴奋毒性的方式导致神经元细胞的的损伤或减少。该过程被认为可在多种疾病中介导神经元变性。所述神经元变性的医学后果使得减缓这种变性神经学过程成了重要的治疗目标。
兴奋性氨基酸兴奋毒性与多种神经疾病的病理学有关。该兴奋毒性与急性和慢性神经变性疾病的病理学有关,所述疾病包括心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、眼损伤和视网膜病、以及自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病。由于谷氨酸功能不足所引起的其它神经疾病需要神经调制。所述的其它神经疾病包括,肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、阿片耐受、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性疼痛、惊厥、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣和迟发性运动障碍。据信神经保护剂如AMPA受体拮抗剂可用于治疗这些疾病和/或减少与这些疾病有关的神经损伤的量。兴奋性氨基酸受体(EAA)拮抗剂还可用作止痛剂。
许多研究表明,AMPA受体拮抗剂在局部和全身缺血模型中均是神经保护剂。已报道竞争性AMPA受体拮抗剂NBQX(2,3-二羟基-6-硝基-7-氨磺酰基苯并[f-]喹喔啉)对于防止全身和局部缺血性损伤有效。Sheardown等,科学(Science),247,571(1900);Buchan等,Neuroreport,2,473(1991);LePeillet等,大脑研究(BrainResearch),571,115(1992)。已证实非竞争性AMPA受体拮抗剂GKYI 52466在大鼠全身性缺血模型中是有效的神经保护剂。LePeillet等,大脑研究(Brain Research),571,115(1992)。这些研究有力地说明了,脑局部缺血中的迟发性神经元变性涉及至少是部分由AMPA受体激活所介导的谷氨酸兴奋毒性。因此,AMPA受体拮抗剂可用作神经保护剂并改善人大脑局部缺血的神经学后果。
发明概述
其中,“A、B和D”中的每一个为氮或-CH-,条件是:“A”、“B”和“D”中仅有一个为氮;其中,n为1-4整数,优选1或2,其中,每一个R5为“A、B和D”环中能够负载附加键的任一个碳原子上的取代基,条件是:一个R5必须连接至与环的星号碳原子相邻的碳原子上;其中,每个R5可独立地选自(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、氨基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基氨基-(CH2)m-、二(C1-C6)烷基氨基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷氧基、羟基(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、-CN、羟基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-O-、H-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、HO-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、NH2-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)m-和二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)m-;并且,其中m为0-4的整数;
R2为式Ph2的苯基或五元或六元杂环;
其中,所述的六元杂环具有下式:其中,“N”为氮;其中,所述的环位置“K”、“L”和“M”可独立地选自碳和氮,条件是:i)“K”、“L”和“M”中仅有一个为氮和ii)当“K”、“L”或“M”为氮时,则R15、R16或R17分别不存在;其中,所述的五元杂环具有下式:其中,所述的“T”为-CH-、N、NH、O或S;其中,所述的环位置“P”和“Q”可独立地选自碳、氮、氧和硫,条件是:“P”、“Q”或“T”中仅有一个为氧或硫,并且“P”、“Q”或“T”中至少一个为杂原子;
其中,所述Ph2为下式基团:
R3为氢、卤素、-CN、-NO2、-CF3、(C1-C6)烷基或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R9为氢、卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)s-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)s-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)s-、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、R13O-(CH2)s-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)s-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)s-)、H-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基或-CN;
R10为氢或卤素;
R11和R14独立地选自氢、卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、R13O-(CH2)p-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、H-(O=C)-、H- (O=C)-(C1-C6)烷基、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、-CHO、H-(O=C)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、HO-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、-CN、哌啶基-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷基-(CH2)p-和3-吡咯啉基-(CH2)p-,其中,所述哌啶基-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷基-(CH2)p-和3-吡咯啉基-(CH2)p-的哌啶、吡咯烷和3-吡咯啉部分可在能够负载附加键的任一环碳原子上被取代或未取代,优选具有0-2个取代基,取代基独立地选自卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、R13O-(CH2)p-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、H-(O=C)-O-、H-(O=C)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、-CHO、H-(O=C)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、HO-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-和-CN;
R12为氢、-CN或卤素;
R13为氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-或二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-;
R15为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R16为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R17为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、氨基(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
每个p独立地为0-4整数;
s为0-4整数;
其中,虚线键表示可为双键。
本发明也涉及式I化合物可药用的酸加成盐。用于制备上述本发明碱性化合物的可药用酸加成盐的酸为形成无毒酸加成盐的那些,即,所述盐包含药学上可接受的阴离子,所述盐例如为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐、乙酸盐、乳酸盐、酸式乳酸盐、酒石酸盐、酒石酸氢盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、蔗糖盐、苯甲酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐和扑酸盐(即,1,1′-亚甲基-双-(2-羟基-3-萘甲酸盐))。
本发明也涉及式I的碱加成盐。可用作制备酸性式I化合物的可药用碱加成盐的试剂的化学碱,是与所述化合物形成无毒碱盐的那些。这种无毒碱盐包括但不限于:由药学上可接受的阳离子所得到的那些,所述阳离子例如为碱金属阳离子(如钾和钠)和碱土金属阳离子(如钙和镁),铵或水溶性胺加成盐,如N-甲基葡糖胺(葡甲胺),以及低级链烷醇铵和其它可药用的有机胺的碱盐。
优选的式I化合物为其中R3是氢、卤素或(C1-C6)烷基的那些。
其它优选的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:其中,“B”为氮,“A”和“D”为碳,R5为氢、卤素、-CN、CF3或(C1-C6)烷基,优选R5为氯或甲基,更优选R5为与星号碳原子邻位上的取代基。
优选的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:其中,R2为Ph2,R9为氟、氯、-CN或羟基;或R11为-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷基-(CH2)p-或氰基。更优选的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:其中,R2为Ph2,R9为氟或-CNo;或R11为甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-或氰基。
优选的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:其中,R2为杂芳基,所述的杂芳基或者为取代或未取代的的六元杂环,其中,“K”、“L”和“M”为碳(即,吡啶-2-基),或者“K”和“L”为碳,“M”为氮(即,嘧啶-2-基),或者所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的五元杂环,其中,“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳(即,1,3-噻唑-4-基);或者“T”为氮或硫,“Q”为氮或硫,“P”为碳(即,1,3-噻唑-2-基);或者“T”为氧和“P”和“Q”均为碳(即,呋喃基-2-基)。
优选的R2为取代或未取代的的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳(即,吡啶-2-基)的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:R14为氢、-CNO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷-(CH2)p-或氰基;R17为氢、-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基或氰基;或者R15或R16独立地为氢、-CNO、氯、氟、甲基或氰基。更优选的R2为取代或未取代的的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳(即,吡啶-2-基)的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:R14为氢、-CNO、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-或氰基。
优选的其中R2为取代或未取代的的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳(即,1,3-噻唑-4-基)的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:R14、R15或R16独立地为氢、氯、氟、甲基或氰基。
优选的其中R2为取代或未取代的的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮或硫,“P”为碳,“Q”为硫或氮(即,1,3-噻唑-2-基)的式Ia化合物为满足下述要求的那些:R14或R15独立地为氢、氯、氟、甲基或氰基。
特别优选的式Ia化合物的实例包括:
(S)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-4-甲基-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(4-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-[2-(5-二乙氨基甲基-2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;和
(S)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟-5-吡咯烷-1-基甲基苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮。
本发明的其它化合物包括:
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[2-(6-甲基苯基-2-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氯-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氯-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(3-甲基-1-氧基吡啶-4-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苯甲醛;
(S)-3-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苯甲醛;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[2-(3-羟甲基苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-2-{2-[3-(1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂-螺环[4.5]癸-8-基甲基)苯基]-乙烯基}-6-氟-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-{2-[3-(4-吡咯烷-1-基-哌啶-1-基甲基)-苯基]-乙烯基}-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟2-[2-羟基苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-二甲基氨基甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-2-[2-(5-二乙氨基甲基-2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3-(4-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-4-二乙氨基甲基-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(4-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-[2-(5-二乙氨基甲基-2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3-(3-甲基吡嗪-2-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-二甲氨基甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噁唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-3-(4-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(4-甲基噻唑-2-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-羟基苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;和
(S)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟-5-吡咯烷-1-基甲基苯基)-乙基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮。
本发明也涉及一种用于治疗下述疾病的药物组合物,该组合物包含有效地治疗或预防下述疾病的式Ia化合物和可药用载体,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
本发明也涉及一种治疗或预防哺乳动物下述疾病的方法,包括向需要进行治疗或预防的哺乳动物给予治疗或预防下述疾病有效量的式Ia化合物,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
本发明也涉及一种用于治疗下述疾病的药物组合物,该组合物包含AMPA受体拮抗有效量的式Ia化合物和可药用载体,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
本发明也涉及一种治疗或预防哺乳动物下述疾病的方法,包括向需要进行治疗或预防的哺乳动物给予AMPA受体拮抗有效量的式Ia化合物,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
本发明的化合物包括式Ia化合物所有的立体异构体和所有的旋光异构体(例如,R和S对映体),以及这些异构体的外消旋混合物、非对映异构体混合物和其它混合物。
本发明的化合物可包含烯烃样双键。当存在该双键时,本发明的化合物将存在顺和反构型及其混合物。
除非另有说明,本文中所述烷基,以及本文中所述其它基团(如烷氧基)的烷基部分可为直链或支链基团,也可以为环状基团(如,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基),或为直链或支链且含有环部分。
除非另有说明,卤素是指氟、溴、氯或碘。
在如下显示的式Ia和Ib中的粗线是指粗体原子和与其相连的基团受位阻限制,从而以喹唑啉酮环平面上方正交存在,或者在喹唑啉酮环平面下方正交存在。这种空间位阻限制的原因在于,旋转能量势垒会阻止连接喹唑啉酮与含“A、B和D”的环的单键进行自由旋转。这种旋转能量势垒是处于星位碳原子邻位的R5取代基不能围绕喹唑啉核旋转的结果。
在式Ia的化合物中,原子“A和B”及其取代基均受到位阻限制,从而当该环随乙烯基放置在喹唑啉酮环的右边时,将以在喹唑啉酮环上方正交存在。式Ia化合物用(S)立体化学表示。在式Ib化合物中,下面绘出式Ia化合物的镜面影像,原子“A、B和D”受到位阻限制,从而当将乙烯基置于喹唑啉酮环的左边时,将以在喹唑啉酮环上方正交存在。式Ib化合物用(R)立体化学表示。式Ia化合物具有基本上所有AMPA受体拮抗剂活性,而式Ib化合物则基本上不具有AMPA受体拮抗剂活性。发明详述
式I化合物可按照反应路线1的方法制备。除非另有说明,在反应路线和讨论过程中,A、B、D、K、L、M、P、Q、T、R2、R3、R5、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、R17、Ph2、n、m、p和s具有上述对式Ia的定义。
反应路线1涉及从式V化合物制备式Ia或Ib化合物。式V化合物可商购或按照本领域技术人员公知的方法制备。
在碱存在下,在反应惰性溶剂中,使式V化合物与乙酰氯或乙酸酐反应而转化成式IV的乙酰胺。适宜的溶剂包括二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃和二噁烷,优选二氯甲烷。适宜的碱包括三烷基胺,如三乙胺和三丁基胺,二甲氨基吡啶和碳酸钾,优选三乙胺。上述反应的温度范围为约0℃至约35℃,反应时间为约1小时至约10小时,优选在25℃下反应约3小时。
在催化剂存在下,在无水的反应惰性溶剂存在下,用脱水试剂使式IV的乙酰胺环化,形成式III的化合物。适宜的脱水试剂包括乙酸酐、五氧化磷、二环己基碳化二亚胺和乙酰氯,优选乙酸酐。适宜的催化剂包括乙酸钠或钾、乙酸、对甲苯磺酸或三氟化硼醚合物,优选乙酸钠。适宜的溶剂包括二噁烷、甲苯、二甘醇二甲醚或二氯乙烷,优选二噁烷。上述反应的温度范围为约80℃至约110℃,反应时间为约1小时至约24小时,优选在约100℃下反应约3至10小时。
或者,在酸催化剂存在下,在一种溶剂中使式V化合物与乙酸酐反应而直接转化成式III化合物。适宜的酸催化剂包括乙酸、硫酸或对甲苯磺酸,优选乙酸。适合的溶剂包括乙酸、甲苯或二甲苯,优选乙酸。上述反应的温度范围为约20℃至约150℃,反应时间为约10分钟至约10小时,优选在约120℃下反应约2至5小时。
在极性质子溶剂中,在酸催化剂存在下,由上述方法形成的式III化合物再与下式的胺反应:形成式II化合物。适宜的酸催化剂包括乙酸、对甲苯磺酸或硫酸,优选乙酸。适宜的极性质子溶剂包括乙酸、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇,优选乙酸。上述反应的温度范围为约20℃至约117℃,反应时间为约1小时至约24小时,优选在约117℃下反应约6小时。
或者,在反应惰性溶剂中,使式IV化合物与脱水试剂、式VIII的胺和一种碱反应,直接转化成式II化合物。适宜的脱水试剂包括三氯化磷、氧氯化磷、五氯化磷或亚硫酰氯,优选三氯化磷。适宜的碱包括吡啶、甲基吡啶、二甲氨基吡啶、三乙胺或N-甲基吗啉,优选吡啶。适宜的溶剂包括甲苯、环己烷、苯或二甲苯,优选甲苯。有时当混合反应物为液体时,该反应可以净相进行。上述反应的温度范围为约50℃至约150℃,反应时间为约1小时至约24小时,优选在约110℃下反应约4小时。
在催化剂和脱水试剂存在下,在适宜的溶剂中,式II化合物与式R2CHO的醛反应形成式I化合物,其中虚线为双键。适宜的催化剂包括氯化锌、乙酸钠、氯化铝、氯化锡或三氟化硼醚合物,优选氯化锌或乙酸钠。适宜的脱水试剂包括乙酸酐、甲磺酸酐、三氟乙酸酐或丙酸酐,优选乙酸酐。适宜的极性溶剂包括乙酸、二噁烷、二甲氧基乙烷或丙酸。上述反应的温度范围为约60℃至约100℃,反应时间为约30分钟至约24小时,优选在约100℃下反应约3小时。
采用本领域技术人员公知的技术,可通过氢化虚线代表碳-碳双键的相应式I合物来制备虚线代表碳-碳单键的式I化合物。例如,可在催化剂存在下于适宜的溶剂中用氢气进行双键的还原:催化剂例如为钯-炭(Pd/C)、钯-硫酸钡(Pd/BaSO4)、铂-炭(Pt/C)或三(三苯膦)氯化铑(Wilkinson’s催化剂),溶剂例如为甲醇、乙醇、THF、二噁烷或乙酸乙酯,反应压力为约1至约5个大气压,温度为约10℃至约60℃,如下述文献所述:有机合成中的催化氢化(CatalyticHydrogenation in Organic Synthesis),Paul Rylander,AcademicPress Inc.,San Diego,1979,pp.31-63。优选下述条件:钯-炭,乙酸乙酯,25℃,15-20psi氢气压。该方法也支持引入氢同位素(即氘、氚),在上述过程中用2H2或3H2替换1H2。
通过高压液相色谱(HPLC)可将式I化合物分离成式Ia和Ib的化合物,采用手性HPLC柱,用适宜的溶剂洗脱。本领域的技术人员将会理解,各种类型的仪器、柱子和洗脱液可用于分离单个的阻转异构体。适宜的HPLC仪器包括LC SpiderLing、Waters 4000、HewlettPackard 1050和分析级Thermo Separation Products HPLC。适宜的HPLC可按照本领域技术人员公知的方法配置。这种构造必然包括泵、注射入口和检测器。适宜的手性柱可以是购买时预装的,或者是可由本领域普通技术人员装填。适宜的手性柱包括手性OA、OD、OG、AD和AS柱,其可从Chiral Technologies Inc.,730 SpringdaleDrive,PO Box 564,Exton,PA 19341购买。本领域的普通技术人员将会理解,从其它销售商购买的其它各种手性柱均适宜于分离本发明的异构体。填充材料也可以换不同珠粒尺寸购得。适宜于制备性分离的珠粒直径为约20微米。适宜用于分析性分离的珠粒直径为约10微米。
存在碱性基团的式Ia化合物也可以在适宜的溶剂中通过用对映体纯酸进行处理形成可分离的非对映体盐从而得以拆分。适宜的对映体纯酸包括樟脑磺酸、酒石酸(和其衍生物)、扁桃酸和乳酸。适宜的溶剂包括醇如乙醇、甲醇和丁醇,甲苯,环己烷,乙醚和丙酮。
或者,式V化合物可按照反应路线2的方法转化成式II化合物。所形成的式II化合物可按照反应路线1转化成式I化合物。参看反应路线2,式V化合物与一种偶联剂、式VIII的胺和一种碱在反应惰性溶剂中反应,形成式VI化合物。适宜的活化羧基官能团的偶联剂的实例为二环己基碳化二亚胺、N-3-二甲氨基丙基-N′-乙基碳化二亚胺、2-乙氧基-1-乙氧羰基-1,2-二氢喹啉(EEDQ)、羰基二咪唑(CDI)和二乙基膦酰基氰化物。适宜的碱包括二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)、羟基苯并三唑(HBT)或三乙胺,优选二甲氨基吡啶。偶联反应在惰性溶剂中进行,优选非质子惰性溶剂。适宜的溶剂包括乙腈、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷和二甲基甲酰胺。优选的溶剂为二氯甲烷。上述反应的温度范围通常为约-30℃至约80℃,优选约0至约25℃。
在一种碱存在下,在反应惰性溶剂中,式VI化合物与乙酰氯或乙酸酐反应而转化成式VII化合物。适宜的溶剂包括二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和氯仿,优选二氯甲烷。适宜的碱包括三烷基胺如三乙胺和三丁基胺,二甲氨基吡啶和碳酸钾,优选三乙胺。上述反应的温度范围为约0℃至约35℃,反应时间为约1小时至约10小时,优选在约30℃下反应约3小时。
在反应惰性溶剂中,式VII化合物通过与三苯膦、一种碱和一种偶氮二甲酸二烷基酯反应而被环化成式II化合物。适宜的碱包括吡啶、三乙胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶,优选4-二甲氨基吡啶。适宜的溶剂包括二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃和二噁烷,优选二噁烷。上述反应的温度范围为约25℃我125℃,反应时间为约l小时至约24小时,优选在约100℃下反应约8-15小时。式II化合物可按照反应路线1的方法转化成式I化合物。
式II化合物也可按照下述文献所述方法制备:Miyashita等,杂环(Heterocycles),42,2,691-699(1966)。
在反应路线3中,在极性非质子惰性溶剂如四氢呋喃中,式II化合物与一种碱如二异丙基氨基锂反应而转化成相应式VIII化合物。溶液在约-100℃至约0℃,优选约-78℃下搅拌约15分钟至约1小时,优选约30分钟。所形成的阴离子产物再与式R2CHO醛的四氢呋喃溶液反应。醛溶液可加至阴离子溶液(正向加入方式)中或者将阴离子溶液加至醛溶液中(反向加入方式)。两种方法均可用于生产式VIII化合物,优选采用反向加入方式。形成的反应混合物在约-100℃,优选约-78℃下搅拌约15分钟至约1小时,优选约30分钟,然后升温至室温。在反应路线3的反应2中,式VIII化合物经与脱水试剂(如三氟乙酸酐)在无水反应惰性溶剂(如二噁烷、甲苯、二甘醇二甲醚或二氯乙烷,优选二噁烷)中反应转化成式I化合物。反应混合物在约0℃至约50℃,优选室温下搅拌约1小时至约14小时,优选约12小时。
采用本领域技术人员公知的技术,可通过氢化虚线代表碳-碳双键的相应式I合物来制备虚线代表碳-碳单键的式I化合物。例如,可在催化剂存在下于适宜的溶剂中用氢气进行双键的还原:催化剂例如为钯-炭(Pd/C)、钯-硫酸钡(Pd/BaS04)、铂-炭(Pt/C)或三(三苯膦)氯化铑(Wilkinson’s催化剂),溶剂例如为甲醇、乙醇、THF、二噁烷或乙酸乙酯,反应压力为约1至约5个大气压,温度为约10℃至约60℃,如下述文献所述:有机合成中的催化氢化(CatalyticHydrogenation in Organic Synthesis),Paul Rylander,AcademicPress Inc.,San Diego,1979,pp.31-63。优选下述条件:钯-炭,乙酸乙酯,25℃,15-20psi氢气压。该方法也支持引入氢同位素(即氘、氚),在上述过程中用2H2或3H2替换1H2。
当R2为杂芳基时,本领域的技术人员将会理解,杂芳基可选自吡啶-2-基、1,3-吡嗪-4-基、1,4-吡嗪-3-基、1,3-吡嗪-2-基、吡咯-2-基、1,3-咪唑-4-基、1,3-咪唑-2-基、1,3,4-三唑-2-基、1,3-噁唑-4-基、1,3-噁唑-2-基、1,3-噻唑-4-基、1,3-噻唑-2-基、1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基、1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基、呋喃-2-基、1,3-噁唑-5-基、和1,3,4-噁二唑-2-基,其中,所述的杂芳基可在能形成附加键的任一原子上选择性地被取代,最多可有三个取代基。
除非另有说明,上述各反应的压力并不关键。通常,反应在约1至约3个大气压下进行,优选在常压下进行(约1个大气压)。
碱性的式Ia化合物可与各种无机酸和有机酸形成各种不同的盐。虽然这种盐给予于动物时必须是药学上可接受的,但实际上通常希望开始时从反应混合物中作为不可药用盐分离出式I化合物,然后,再通过用碱性试剂进行处理而将所述不可药用盐转化成游离碱,随后,再将游离碱转化成可药用酸加成盐。本发明碱性化合物的酸加成盐易于这样进行制备:在水性溶剂介质或适宜的有机溶剂如甲醇或乙醇中,用基本上等当量的选定的无机酸或有机酸处理所述游离碱。经小心蒸发溶剂,获得所需固体盐。
用于制备本发明碱性化合物的可药用酸加成盐的酸为形成无毒酸加成盐的那些,即,所述盐包含药学上可接受的阴离子,所述盐例如为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐、乙酸盐、乳酸盐、酸式乳酸盐、酒石酸盐、酒石酸氢盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、蔗糖盐、苯甲酸盐、甲磺酸盐和扑酸盐(即,1,1′-亚甲基-双-(2-羟基-3-萘甲酸盐))。
酸性的式Ia化合物可与各种药学上可接受的阳离子形成碱盐。这种碱盐包括碱金属或碱土金属盐,特别是钠盐和钾盐。这些盐均可采用常规技术制备。可用作制备本发明可药用碱盐的试剂的化学碱为与本发明所述式Ia酸性化合物形成无毒碱盐的那些。这种无毒碱式盐包括由药学上可接受的阳离子如钠、钾、钙和镁等得到的那些盐。这些盐易于这样备:用包含所需药学上可接受阳离子的水溶液处理相应的酸性化合物,然后蒸发形成的溶液至干,优选减压蒸发。或者,它们也可这样制备:将酸性化合物的低级链烷醇溶液与所需碱金属醇盐一起混合,然后以与前述相同的方式将形成的溶液蒸发至干。在两种情形下,优选采用化学计量量的试剂,以确保所需终产物以最大产物收率完成反应。
式Ia化合物和其可药用盐(以下,也称之为“本发明的活性化合物”)可用于治疗神经变性疾病及与CNS创伤有关的疾病,是有效的AMPA受体激动剂和拮抗剂。因而,本发明的活性化合物可用于治疗或预防下述疾病:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
可通过本领域普通技术人员已知的方法测定本发明化合物的体外和体内AMPA受体拮抗活性。一种测定本发明化合物活性的方法是测定对戊四唑(PTZ)诱导的癫痫发作的抑制作用。另一种测定本发明化合物活性的方法是测定对AMPA受体活化诱导的45Ca2+摄取的阻断作用。
可根据如下方法测定本发明化合物抑制戊四氮(PTA)诱导的小鼠癫痫发作的活性。该试验检测化合物阻断PTZ引起的癫痫发作和死亡的能力。对阵挛性和强直性癫痫发作以及死亡的潜伏时间进行测定。在保护百分比的基础上测定ID50。
使用来自Charles River的雄性CD-1小鼠作为这些试验的对象,购得时小鼠的体重为14-16g,试验时为25-25g。将小鼠每笼13只关在笼内,实验前在常规实验条件下以光照:黑暗/早7点:晚7点的光照周期饲养至少7天。实验前,动物可自由地获得食物和水。
将所有化合物以10ml/kg的体积进行给药。药物载体取决于化合物的溶解度,但进行筛选时一般使用盐水、蒸馏水或E∶D∶S/5∶5∶90(5%emulphor,5%DMSO和90%盐水)作为注射液的载体。
向小鼠施用实验化合物或载体(腹膜内、皮下或口服),然后将其每组5只置于塑胶玻璃笼内。在预先确定的注射后时间向小鼠注射PTZ(腹膜内,120mg/kg)并将其置于单个的塑胶玻璃笼内。在5分钟的试验期内测定如下内容:(1)阵挛性癫痫发作的潜伏时间,(2)强直性癫痫发作的潜伏时间和(3)死亡的潜伏时间。通过Kruskal-Wallis Anova和Mann-Whitney U检验(Statview)对治疗组和用载体处理的组进行比较。计算各次测量时各组的保护百分比(用300secs表示的未表现癫痫发作或死亡的动物个数)。通过概率分析(Biostat)确定ID50。
测定所述化合物活性的另一种方法是确定化合物对小鼠运动协调的影响。该活性可按照如下方法测定。
使用来自Charles River的雄性CD-1小鼠作为这些试验的对象,购得时小鼠的体重为14-16g,试验时为23-35g。将小鼠每笼13只关在笼内,实验前在常规实验条件下以光照:黑暗/早7点:晚7点的光照周期饲养至少7天。实验前,动物可自由地获得食物和水。
将所有化合物以10ml/kg的体积进行给药。药物载体取决于化合物的溶解度,但进行筛选时一般使用盐水、蒸馏水或E∶D∶S/5∶5∶90(5%emulphor,5%DMSO和90%盐水)作为注射液的载体。
这些研究中所用的装置由一组悬挂在多个11.43cm钢柱上的5个13.34×13.34cm方形线网组成,所述钢柱与一个在试验台上方38.1cm的165.1cm的柱相连。这些方形线网可倒置。
向小鼠施用实验化合物或载体(腹膜内、皮下或口服),然后将其每组5只置于塑胶玻璃笼内。在预先确定的注射后时间,将小鼠放置在方形线网的顶端并猛然推动使其倒挂。在1分钟的试验期内,如果小鼠从筛网上掉下,将其定级为0,如果小鼠倒挂,将其定级为1,如果小鼠爬到顶端,将其定级为2。通过Kruskal-Wallis和Mann-Whitney U试验(Statview)对治疗组和用载体处理的组进行比较。
以下将描述用于测定对AMPA受体活化诱导的45Ca2+摄取的阻断作用的具体方法。
神经元初级培养物
根据Parks,T.N.Artman,L.D.,Alasti,N.,和Nemeth,E.F.,“N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体介导的培养大鼠小脑颗粒细胞胞浆钙增加的调节”,大脑研究(Brain Res),552,13-22(1991)中描述的方法制备大鼠小脑颗粒神经元的初级培养物。根据该方法,从8日龄的CD大鼠中取出小脑,切碎成1mm的碎块并于37℃下在含有0.1%胰蛋白酶、不含钙和镁的Tyrode’s溶液中保温15分钟。然后将该组织用细孔径Pasteur移液管研制。将细胞悬浮液以105个细胞/孔铺在用聚-D-赖氨酸包被的96孔组织培养板上。培养液由最低基础培养基(MEM)、Earle’s盐、10%热灭活的胎牛血清、2mM L-谷氨酰胺、21mM葡萄糖、青霉素-链霉素(100单位/毫升)和25mM KCl组成。24小时后,将该培养液用含有10μM阿糖胞苷的新鲜培养液代替以抑制细胞分裂。培养物应在6-8 DIV使用。
AMPA受体活化诱导的45Ca2+摄取
可在大鼠小脑颗粒细胞培养物中检测药物对于AMPA受体活化诱导的45Ca2+摄取的影响。将96孔板中的培养物在不含血清的培养液中预保温约3小时,然后在不含Mg2+、但含有0.5mM DTT、10μM甘氨酸和2倍于最终浓度的药物的平衡盐溶液(以mM计:120NaCl,5KCl,0.33NaH2PO4,1.8CaCl2,22.0葡萄糖和10.0HEPES,pH7.4)中保温10分钟。迅速加入等体积的含有100μM AMPA受体激动剂红藻氨酸和45Ca2+(最终的比活性为250Ci/mmol)的平衡盐溶液使反应开始。25℃下10分钟后,吸走含45Ca2+的溶液并将细胞在冰冷的平衡盐溶液中洗涤5次以停止反应,所述平衡盐溶液含0.5mM EDTA,不含添加的钙。然后将细胞在0.1%Triton-X100中保温过夜使其溶解,然后测定溶解产物的放射活性。所有测试的本发明化合物的IC50均小于500nM。
本发明的化合物可按照常规方式采用一种或多种可药用载体进行配制。因此,本发明的活性化合物可配制成以下给药形式:口服给药、颊给药、透皮给药、鼻内给药、非肠道给药(如静脉内给药、肌肉内给药或皮下给药)或直肠给药,或适用于通过吸入法或吹入法给药的形式。
对于口服给药而言,药物组合物例如可采用片剂或胶囊的剂型,可按照常规方式用可药用赋形剂制得,所述赋形剂例如:粘合剂(如预胶凝化玉米淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羟丙基甲基纤维素);填充剂(如,乳糖、微晶纤维素或磷酸钙);润滑剂(如硬脂酸镁、滑石或二氧化硅);崩解剂(如马铃著淀粉或羟乙酸淀粉钠);或润湿剂(如月桂基硫酸钠)。片剂可采用公知方法进行包衣。口服给药的液体制剂例如可为溶液、糖浆或悬浮液,或者,它们也可以干产品提供,在使用前与水或其它适宜的载体进行配制。这种液体制剂可按照常规方式用可药用添加剂制得,所述添加剂例如为:悬浮剂(如山梨醇糖浆、甲基纤维素或氢化食用脂肪);乳化剂(如卵磷脂或阿拉伯胶);非水载体(如杏仁油、油酯或乙醇);防腐剂(如对羟基苯甲酸甲基或丙基酯或山梨酸)。
对于颊给药而言,组合物可采用以常规方式配制的片剂或锭剂。
对于透皮给药而言,组合物可采用以常规方式配制的贴剂、霜剂、软膏剂或离子电渗疗法制剂,如下述文献所述:美国专利5,004,610或5,364,630,分别于1991年4月2日和1994年11月15日授权。
本发明的活性化合物可配制成用于非肠道给药的形式,通过注射给药,包括用常规导管插入技术或输注。用于注射的制剂可以单位剂量形式提供,如添加防腐剂配制在安瓿中或以多次剂量形式提供。组合物可采取以下形式:在油或水载体中的悬浮液、溶液或乳液,可包含配制剂如悬浮剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂。或者,活性成分可为在使用前与适宜的载体如无菌无热原水复配的粉末形式。
本发明的活性化合物也可配制成直肠组合物,如栓剂或保留性灌肠剂,例如,包含常规栓剂基料如椰子油或其它甘油酯。
对于鼻内给药或吸入法给药而言,本发明的活性化合物常规以溶液或悬浮液形式通过泵送喷射容器传送,由患者挤压或泵送,或者由加压容器或喷雾器以气溶胶喷射形式传送,所述容器采用适宜的推进剂,如二氯二氟甲烷、三氯氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、二氧化碳或其它适宜的气体。在加压气溶胶情形中,剂量单位可通过设置一个阀装置确定以传送计量量。加压容器或雾化器可包含活性化合物的溶液或悬浮液。用于吸入器或吹入器的胶囊和药筒(例如,由明胶制得)可配制成包含本发明化合物的粉末及适宜的粉末基料如乳糖或淀粉。
对于成人患者来说,用于治疗上述疾病(如中风)的本发明活性化合物的口服给药、非肠道给药或颊给药的剂量为0.01-20mg/kg活性成分/单位剂量,其例如可每天给药1-4次。
对于成人患者来说,用于治疗上述疾病(如中风)的气溶胶制剂给药剂量优选设置为每次计量的气溶胶剂量或“一喷”包含20-1000μg的本发明化合物。气溶胶的每日总剂量为100μg-10mg。每天可分几次给药,例如,2、3、4或8次,每次采用1、2或3单位剂量。
下述实施例用于说明本发明化合物的制备过程。商购的试剂不经纯化直接使用。熔点未校正。除非另有说明,所有NMR数据均在250、300或400MHz下在氘代氯仿中记录,以ppm(δ)报告,并参考来自样品溶剂的氘锁峰信号。所有非水反应均在干燥玻璃仪器中,在惰性气氛下用无水溶剂进行,以便于操作及得到最大收率。除非另有说明,所有的反应均用磁性搅拌子搅拌。除非另有说明,所有的质谱均在化学冲击条件下进行。室温是指20-25℃。
实施例1(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮甲磺酸盐和(R)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮甲磺酸盐
外消旋的6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮(0.090g)溶解于0.1%二乙胺/异丙醇(60mL)中(最终浓度1.5mg/mL),将其加至制备性HPLC柱上(5×50cm,Chiralcel AD),用85/15/0.1庚烷/异丙醇/二乙胺洗脱,流速为100mL/min。洗脱液用紫外检测法于265nM下检测。收集两种馏分,第一种集中在洗脱时间约60分钟处,而第二种在洗脱时间约75分钟处。总的操作周期时间为90分钟。合并洗脱时间60分钟的4次循环的洗脱液,浓缩得到一种油性黄褐色固体。用乙醚/己烷对该固体进行研制,得到0.175g的黄褐色粉末。将这种粉末溶解于磁搅拌下的乙酸乙酯(15mL)中,并用1N甲磺酸的乙酸乙酯溶液(0.462mL,0.462mmol)处理。立即开始沉淀出盐。将混合物搅拌6小时后,收集产物,用乙酸乙酯洗涤,干燥,得到0.144g的(+)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮甲磺酸盐,为一种浅黄色固体。
熔点145-146℃(将熔化后的材料平衡并再固化,继续加热导致第二熔化范围为210-225℃)。产物分析:
NMR(甲醇d4)δ9.02(dd,J=1.5,6Hz,1H),8.69(dd,J=1.5,8.3Hz,1H),8.17(dd,J=6,8.2Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.92-7.85(m,2H),7.76(s,1H),7.72(dt,J=3,8.7Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.68(s,3H),2.67(s,3H),2.63(s,3H);[α]D=+18.9°(c=0.18甲醇).
将洗脱时间75分钟的相同四次循环的洗脱液浓缩,并以相同的方式转化成甲磺酸盐,得到0.144g的(-)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基-噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮甲磺酸盐,为一种浅黄色固体,[α]D=-18.3°(c=0.175,甲醇)。所有其它物理性质与另一阻转异构体相同。
实施例2-7
按照与实施例1相同的方法制备实施例2-7的产物。
表1
实施例 | 名称 | 柱;流动相;流速 | UV(nm) | 保留时间(分钟) |
2 | 6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(4-甲基-噻唑-2-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 360 | 6.825 |
3 | 6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(4-甲基-噻唑-2-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 360 | 9.674 |
4 | 2-(2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈; | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 335 | 9.861 |
5 | 2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈; | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 335 | 13.951 |
6 | 2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈 | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 335 | 11.372 |
7 | 2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈 | Chiralpak AD;70/30己烷/异丙醇+0.1二乙胺;1mL/min | 335 | 20.264 |
买施例8-9
所有如下所述的HPCL分析性分离实验条件采用Hewlett Packard型1050 HPLC进行。分析柱的尺寸为4.6mm×25cm,固定相颗粒尺寸为10μm。所有样品溶解于甲醇中。
(S)-3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[2-(6-甲基苯基-2-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮
柱 | Chiralcel OD |
流动相 | 80/20己烷/异丙醇,0.1%二乙胺 |
流速 | 1mL/min |
检测 | UV(250nM) |
保留时间(第一种阻转异构体) | 18.697min |
保留时间(第二种阻转异构体) | 22.102min |
(S)-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮
柱 | Chiralcel OD |
流动相 | 90/10己烷/异丙醇,0.1%二乙胺 |
流速 | 1mL/min |
检测 | UV(250nM) |
保留时间(第一种阻转异构体) | 38.038min |
保留时间(第二种阻转异构体) | 45.032min |
制备例13-(2-氯苯基)-2-[2-(6-二乙氨基甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮
方法A
6-氟-2-甲基喹喔啉-4-酮
将2-硝基-5-氟苯甲酸(12.95g,70.0mmol)在冰醋酸(200mL)与乙酸酐(20mL)中的溶液用0.625g的10%钯-炭处理,在初始压力54.5psi下进行还原。在2小时后,完成氢吸收。过滤除去催化剂,将滤液在回流下加热2小时,此时,TLC(1∶1己烷/乙酸乙酯)分析表明反应完成。将反应混合物蒸发至半结晶物质,将其于少量2-丙醇中打碎并在冰浴中搅拌1小时。过滤分离出结晶固体,用少量冷的2-丙醇洗涤,风干,得到5.79g(46%)的目的产物,为褐色固体,m.p.127.5-128.5℃。
5-氟-2-硝基苯甲酸的合成方法参见下述文献:Slothouwer,J.H.,Recl.Tray.Chim.Pays-Bas 33,336(1914)。
方法B
3-(2-氯苯基)-6-氟-2-甲基-4-(3H)-喹唑啉酮
将6-氟-2-甲基喹喔啉-4-酮(2.50g,14.0mmol)和2-氯苯胺(1.96g,15.4mmol)的冰醋酸(约20mL)溶液在回流及氮气氛下加热6小时。从冷却的反应混合物中蒸发出大多数溶剂,将残余物吸收入乙醇中,冷冻。在冷冻室中6天后,滤出形成的结晶,用少量冷乙醇洗涤,风干,得到1.79g(44%)的产物,m.p.137-138℃。
方法C6-(2-[3-(2-氯苯基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基-乙烯基)
吡啶-2-基-甲醛
将催化量(约100mg)的无水氯化锌加至3-(2-氯苯基)-6-氟-2-甲基-4-(3H)-喹唑啉酮(576mg,2.0mmol)和2,6-吡啶二甲醛(270mg,2.0mmol)在20-25mL二噁烷与1.0mL乙酸酐的溶液中。将反应混合物在回流及氮气氛下加热3小时,直至TLC表明原料已消耗尽。将冷却后的反应混合物倒入水中,将混合物用乙酸乙酯进行萃取。合并后的萃取液用盐水和硫酸镁干燥,用脱色炭处理,过滤,除去溶剂,得到目的产物。将该产物吸收入2∶1乙醚/戊烷中,滤出结晶,得到266mg的产物,33%,m.p.247-248℃。
吡啶-2,6-二甲醛的合成方法在下述文献中有述:Papadopoulos等,有机化学杂志(J.Org.Chem.)31,615(1066)。
方法D3-(2-氯苯基)-2-[2-(6-二乙氨基甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-
3H-喹唑啉-4-酮
将65mg(0.16mmol)6-(2-[3-(2-氯苯基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基-乙烯基)吡啶-2-基-甲醛在10mL二氯甲烷中的溶液在室温及氮气氛下用3滴二乙胺和73mg(0.34mmol)三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠处理。在室温下搅拌2.5小时后,蒸出溶剂,将残余物在稀盐酸与乙醚间分配,并搅拌30分钟。分离出乙醚层,水层再用乙醚萃取一次,将乙醚萃取液弃掉。含水酸性溶液的pH值用10%氢氧化钠(冰浴冷却)调节至约14,然后再用乙醚萃取两次。合并后的乙醚萃取液用盐水洗涤和用硫酸镁干燥,蒸出溶剂。在试图形成甲磺酸盐后,将乙酸乙酯中的再加工的游离碱用溶解于少量乙酸乙酯中的6.5mg(0.06mmol)马来酸处理。从所得溶液中形成的结晶通过过滤和用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到22mg的单马来酸盐(24%),m.p.170.5-171.5℃。
制备例2-19
表1
制备例 | R3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | NMR |
2 | H | Cl | F | H | (CDCl3)δ6.38(1H,d,J=13)7.00-7.11(2H,m),7.25-7.34(2H,m),7.46-7.52(2H,m),7.77-7.84(3H,m),8.10(1H,d,J=13),8.29(1H,d,J=6),8.61(1H,m). |
制备例 | R3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | NMR |
15 | F | Cl | OH | H | (CDCl3/DMSO-d6)δ6.34(1H,d,J=10),6.55-6.68(2H,m),6.91-7.02(2H,m),7.32-7.39(2H,m),7.61-7.79(3H,m),8.00(1H,d,J=10),8.41(1H,m). |
16 | F | CH3 | CN | H | (CDCl3)δ2.39(3H,s),6.45(1H,dJ=10),7.37-7.43(3H,m),7.49-7.60(3H,m),7.67(1H,d,J=6),7.85-7.96(2H,m),8.28(1H,d,J=10),8.72(1H,m). |
17 | Cl | CH3 | F | H | (CDCl3)δ2.38(3H,s),6.37(1H,d,J=15),7.01-7.12(2H,m),7.24-7.34(2H,m),7.35(1H,m),7.57(1H,d,J=6),7.76(2H,m),8.12(1H,d,J=15),8.26(1H,s),8.73(1H,m). |
J=10),7.50-7.58(3H,m),7.78-7.84(2H,m),7.92(1H,m),7.96(1H,d,
J=10),8.61(1H,m).
7.40(2H,m),7.75(2H,s),8.14(1H,d,J=15),8.22-8.71(3H,m).
制备例20
6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-
3H-喹唑啉-4-酮和其甲磺酸盐
在圆底烧瓶中氮气吹扫下,用明火使无水氯化锌(2.7g,20mmol)熔化。使反应容器返回室温,然后加入二噁烷(150mL)。向混合物中加入6-氟-2-甲基-3-(2-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮(2.6g,10mmol),乙酸酐(2.8mL,30mmol)和2-甲基噻唑-4-甲醛(3.7g,30mmol)。将反应混合物回流2小时,然后冷却至室温,用水稀释。加入碳酸钠直至混合物呈碱性。在混合物呈碱性后,将其重复用氯仿进行萃取。合并后的氯仿萃取层用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩至得到暗黑色残余物。将这种残余物用甲醇处理,浓缩(从残余物中有效地共沸残存的氯仿)。重复该过程直至形成棕色固体。将该固体用乙醚研制两次,过滤,干燥,得到3.1g(82%)的6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮,它是黄褐色固体。
熔点 223-224℃ NMRδ8.70(dd,J=15.5Hz,1H),7.90(dd
部分模糊 J=3Hz,1H)7.89(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.78(dd,J=5,9Hz,1H),7.54(m,2H),7.39(dd,J=5.8Hz 1H)7.23(s,1H),6.57(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.61(s,3H),2.36(s,3H).元素分析计算值C20H15FN4OS0.5H2O:C,62.06;H,4.13;N,14.58.实测值C,62.39;H,3.96;N,14.33.
将样品溶解于乙酸乙酯中,用1N甲磺酸的乙酸乙酯溶液处理,形成甲磺酸盐。收集沉淀,用乙酸乙酯洗涤,干燥,得到6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮甲磺酸盐,为浅黄色固体。
熔点:230-231℃.NMR(甲醇d4)δ9.01(dd,J=1.2,5.8Hz,1H),8.65(dd,J=1.3,8.2Hz,1H),8.15(dd,J=5.9,8.2Hz,1H),8.00(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.88(sym m,2H),7.71(m,2H),6.56(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.68(s,3H),2.65(s,3H),2.62(s,3H).元素分析计算值-C20H15FN4OS CH3SO3H 0.75H2O:C,51.69;H,4.20;N,11.48.实测值C,51.80;H,4.18;N,11.35.
制备例21通过与制备例64所述基本相同的过程制备了表1的化合物。
制备例 | R3 | R2 | R1 | 物理数据 |
21 | F | 2-二甲氨基-甲基-噻唑-4-基 | 2-氯吡啶-3-基 | NMRδ8.69(br d,J=4.3Hz,1H),7.92(m,2H),7.78(m,2H),7.54(m,3H),6.58(d,J=14.7Hz,1H),4.34(br s,2H),2.74(br s,6H). |
22 | F | 2-二甲氨基-甲基-噻唑-4-基 | 2-甲基吡啶-3-基 | NMRδ8.67(d,J=4.7Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.89(m,1H),7.76(dd,J=5,9Hz,1H),7.51(m,2H),7.36(m,1H),7.34(s,1H),6.55(d,J=15Hz,1H),3.70(s,2H),2.34(s,9H). |
23 | F | 2-甲基噁唑-4-基 | 2-甲基吡啶-3-基 | mp 223℃NMRδ8.69(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),7.89(dd,J=3,8.3Hz,1H),7.79(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.76(dd,J=5,9Hz,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.53(m,2H),7.38(m,1H),6.41(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.37(s,3H),2.35(s,3H). |
24 | F | 噻唑-2-基 | 2-氯吡啶-3-基 | mp 195℃-NMRδ8.61(dd,J=17.5Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.92(dd,J=3,8.2Hz,1H)7.82-7.72(m,3H),7.57-7.49(m,2H),7.37(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=15Hz,1H). |
25 | F | 噻唑-2-基 | 2-甲基吡啶-3-基 | mp 176℃NMRδ8.70(dd,J=1.7,4.7Hz,1H),8.09(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.91(dd,J=3,8.3Hz,1H),7.89-7.78(m,2H),7.55(m,2H),7.38-7.34(m,2H),6.62(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.35(s,3H). |
26 | F | 4-甲基噻唑-2-基 | 2-甲基吡啶-3-基 | mp 178-180℃NMRδ8.70(d,J=4Hz,1H),8.04(d,J=15Hz,1H),7.91(br d,J=8Hz,1H),7.79(dd,J=5,8.7Hz,1H),7.55-7.53(m,2H),7.40-7.37(m,1H),6.91(s,1H),6.55(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.40(s,3H),2.36(s,3H). |
制备例27
2-二甲氨基甲基噻唑-4-甲醛
向2-二甲氨基硫代乙酰胺盐酸盐(7.7g,50mmol)在乙醇(100mL)的浆液中加入溴丙酮酸乙酯(6.3mL)。将混合物回流6小时,然后冷却至室温。再加入溴丙酮酸乙酯(3.2mL,总共75mmol),将反应混合物回流2.5小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,在减压下蒸发。使残余物在水与乙酸乙酯间分配,加入碳酸钾固体使pH值至10。将两相分开,水层用乙酸乙酯萃取。合并后的有机相用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到琥珀色油。对得到的油进行快速硅胶(120g)层析处理。洗脱过程为2%甲醇/氯仿,200mL,预洗脱;10%甲醇/氯仿,75mL,无产物;750mL,得到10.7g(100%)的2-二甲氨基甲基噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯,为澄清的黄色油,NMRδ8.07(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),4.32(q,J=7Hz,2H),3.73(s,2H),2.28(s,6H),1.31(t,J=7Hz,3H)。该产物不经进一步纯化即可使用。
在40分钟内,向氢化锂铝(4.5g,119mmol)在冰冷却的四氢呋喃(100mL)中的混合物中滴加入2-二甲氨基甲基噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯(8.5g,39.7mmol,于40mL四氢呋喃中),保持内部温度为5-10℃。将混合物在该温度范围内搅拌90分钟。用饱和氯化铵水溶液(30mL)小心地使反应停止。将形成的灰色浆液搅拌15分钟,用硅藻土过滤。滤饼垫用乙酸乙酯洗涤。滤液用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。将该有机溶液浓缩得到4.2g(62%)的2-二甲氨基甲基-4-羟基甲基噻唑,为琥珀色油,NMRδ7.12(s,1H),4.71(s,2H),3.73(s,2H),2.50(brs,1H),2.32(s,6H)。该产物不经进一步纯化即可使用。
将2-二甲氨基甲基-4-羟基甲基噻唑(4.2g,27.3mmol)的二氯甲烷(200mL)溶液用Dess-Martin试剂(14.5g,34.1mmol)处理。将混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。再加入Dess-Martin试剂(2.9g),将混合物再搅拌4小时。加入饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液(100mL)使反应停止,用碳酸钾固体调节反应混合物的pH值至10。对两相混合物进行过滤。从滤液中分离两相,水层用二氯甲烷萃取。合并后的有机层用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到一种黄色固体。将该固体用快速硅胶(50×130mm)层析纯化,首先用氯仿(200mL)洗脱,再用2%甲醇/氯仿洗脱,收集25mL的馏分。合并馏分51-80,浓缩,得到2.9g的乳黄色油。将该油用50%氯仿的乙醚溶液研制,通过过滤收集固体。将滤液浓缩,得到2.6g(62%)的2-二甲氨基甲基噻唑-4-甲醛,为黄色油,NMRδ9.95(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),3.81(s,2H),2.36(s,6H)。该产物不经进一步纯化即可使用。
制备例28
2-甲基噁唑-4-甲醛
按照下述文献所述方法制备2-甲基噁唑啉-4-甲酸乙酯:杂环(Heterocycles),1976,4,1968。
向室温下的2-甲基噁唑啉-4-甲酸乙酯(6.28g,40mmol)的苯(300mL)溶液中加入溴化铜(I)(6.31g,44mmol),然后,加入乙酸铜(II)(7.99g,44mmol)。在15分钟内向混合物中滴加入过苯甲酸叔丁酯(11.4mL,60mmol),将反应混合物轻微升温。将黑色混合物回流24小时,冷却至室温,通过硅藻土垫过滤(用乙醚漂洗)。滤液用氯化铵水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。黄褐色残余物用快速硅胶(80g)层析纯化,用40%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱。在100mL预洗脱后,收集20mL的馏分。合并馏分11-22,浓缩,得到4.27g(69%)的2-甲基噁唑-4-甲酸乙酯,为黄色油,NMRδ8.04(s,1H),4.32(q,J=7Hz,2H),2.46(s,3H),1.33(t,J=7Hz,3H)。该产物不经进一步纯化即可使用。
将2-甲基噁唑-4-甲酸乙酯(0.31g,2.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(5mL)溶液冷却至-65℃,在15分钟内滴加入二异丁基氢化铝(4.1mL,1N甲苯溶液,4.1mmol)。将溶液升温至室温,搅拌15分钟。再将反应混合物冷却至5℃,小心地加入甲醇(2mL)使反应停止。将反应混合物再升温至室温,加入水(0.18mL),再加入氟化钠(1.68g)。将混合物搅拌30分钟,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤。将滤液浓缩,用氯仿进行恒沸蒸馏,得到0.215g(96%)的4-羟基甲基-2-甲基噁唑,为灰白色油,NMRδ7.45(s,1H),4.52(d,J=6Hz,2H),3.41(br s,1H),2.42(s,3H)。
将4-羟基甲基-2-甲基噁唑(0.79g,6.99mmol)的二氯甲烷(25mL)溶液用Dess-Martin试剂(8.9g,20.97mmol)处理24小时。加入饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液使反应停止,并搅拌30分钟。将混合物过滤。滤液用二氯甲烷萃取。合并后的有机层用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤两次,用水和盐水洗涤。有机相用硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到一种油性白色固体。将残余物用乙醚研制,过滤。将滤液浓缩,得到0.541g(69%)的2-甲基噁唑-4-甲醛,为浅黄色固体,NMRδ9.88(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),2.52(s,3H)。
制备例29
以与制备例28基本相同的方法制备表1的化合物。
制备例 | IUPA命名 | NMR |
29 | 3-(2-氯-吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-羟基-苯基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | (CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ5.99(1H,d,J=15),6.16-6.24(1H,m),6.38(1H,d,J=10),6.42-6.66(2H,m),6.93-7.12(2H,m),7.23-7.45(3H,m),7.60(1H,d,J=15),8.04(1H,m),9.23(1H,broad s). |
30 | 2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢-喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-4-甲基苄腈 | (CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ2.03(3H,s),2.07(3H,s).6.15(1H,d,J=15),6.82-6.94(2H,m),7.11-7.60(7H,m),7.91(1H,d,J=15),8.41(1H,m). |
31 | 2-[2-(5-二乙氨基甲基-2-氟-苯基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3-(2-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | (CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ1.72(6H,broadened t),2.76(3H,s),2.67(2H,broad q),3.05(2H,broad q),3.96(2H,m),6.40(d,J=1.5).6.69-6.78(1H,m),7.13-7.31(2H,m),7.48-7.58(2H,m),7.72-7.80(1Hm),7.88(1H,d,J=15),8.05-8.16(2H,m),8.44(1H,m). |
32 | 6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟-5-吡咯烷-1-基甲基-苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | (CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ1.72(4H,broadened s),2.38(3H,s),2.64(2H,m),3.07(2H,m),3.95(2H,m),6.40(1H,d,J=15),6.71-6.80(2H,m),7.15-7.32(2H,m),7.49-7.59(3H,m),7.74-7.82(2H,m),7.90(1H,d,J=15),8.07-8.17(2H,m),8 47(1H,m). |
33 | 6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟-5-吡咯烷-1-基甲基-苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | (CDCl3+DMSO-d6)δ1.72(6H,broadened t),2.76(3H,s),2.67(2H,broad q),3.05(2H,broad q),3.96(2H,m),6.40(d,J=15),6.69-6.78(1H,m),7.13-7.31(2H,m),7.48-7.58(2H m),7.72-7.80(1H,m),7.88(1H,d,J=15),8.05-8.16(2H,m),8.44(1Hm). |
制备例346-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙基]-3H-
喹唑啉-4-酮
向10%钯-炭(0.15g)在甲醇(12mL)中的浆液中加入6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙烯基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮(0.075g,0.198mmol)和甲酸铵(1.2g,19mmol)。将混合物回流过夜,冷却,用硅藻土过滤。用甲醇洗涤硅藻土垫。浓缩滤液。残余物在氯仿和水间分配。使两相分离,水层用氯仿萃取。合并后的有机相用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,浓缩,得到0.035g(47%)的6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-2-[2-(2-甲基噻唑-4-基)-乙基]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮,为白色固体。
熔点:151-153℃;NMRδ8.62(dd,J=1.5,5Hz,1h),7.86(dd,J=3,8.5Hz,1H),7.73(dd,J=5,9Hz,1H),7.49(dt,J=3,8Hz,1h),7.41(dd,J=1.5,8Hz,1H),7.30(dd,J=5,8Hz,1H),6.70(s,1H),3.19(sym m,2H),2.67(m,2H),2.59(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).
Claims (19)
1、一种下式的阻转异构体和其可药用盐:
其中,“A、B和D”中的每一个为氮或-CH-,条件是:“A”、“B”和“D”中仅有一个为氮;其中,n为1-4整数,优选1或2,其中,每一个R5为“A、B和D”环中能够负载附加键的任一个碳原子上的取代基,条件是:一个R5必须连接至与环的星号碳原子相邻的碳原子上;其中,每个R5可独立地选自(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、氨基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基氨基-(CH2)m-、二(C1-C6)烷基氨基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷氧基、羟基(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、-CN、羟基-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-O-、H-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、HO-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、NH2-(C=O)-(CH2)m-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)m-和二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)m-;并且,其中m为0-4的整数;
R2为式Ph2的苯基或五元或六元杂环;
其中,所述的六元杂环具有下式:其中,“N”为氮;其中,所述的环位置“K”、“L”和“M”可独立地选自碳和氮,条件是:i)“K”、“L”和“M”中仅有一个为氮和ii)当“K”、“L”或“M”为氮时,则R15、R16或R17分别不存在;
其中,所述的五元杂环具有下式:其中,所述的“T”为-CH-、N、NH、O或S;其中,所述的环位置“P”和“Q”可独立地选自碳、氮、氧和硫,条件是:“P”、“Q”或“T”中仅有一个为氧或硫,并且“P”、“Q”或“T”中至少一个为杂原子;
R3为氢、卤素、-CN、-NO2、-CF3、(C1-C6)烷基或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R9为氢、卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)s-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)s-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)s-、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、R13O-(CH2)s-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)s-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)s-)、H-(C=O)-(CH2)s-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基或-CN;
R10为氢或卤素;
R11和R14独立地选自氢、卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、R13O-(CH2)p-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、H-(O=C)-、H-(O=C)-(C1-C6)烷基、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、-CHO、H-(O=C)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、HO-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基、-CN、哌啶基-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷基-(CH2)p-和3-吡咯啉基-(CH2)p-,其中,所述哌啶基-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷基-(CH2)p-和3-吡咯啉基-(CH2)p-的哌啶、吡咯烷和3-吡咯啉部分可在能够负载附加键的任一环碳原子上被取代或未取代,优选具有0-2个取代基,取代基独立地选自卤素、-CF3、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基、被1-3个卤原子取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷硫基、氨基-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H2N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、(C3-C7)环烷基-NH-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、R13O-(CH2)p-、R13O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-、H-(O=C)-O-、H-(O=C)-O-(C1-C6)烷基、H-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-、-CHO、H-(O=C)-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、H-(O=C)-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、HO-(C1-C6)烷基-N((C1-C6)烷基)(-(CH2)p-)、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-NH-(CH2)p-、氨基-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-、羟基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基、羟基-(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-和-CN;
R12为氢、-CN或卤素;
R13为氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C=O)-、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C=O)-或二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C=O)-;
R15为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R16为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
R17为氢、-CN、(C1-C6)烷基、氨基(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基、卤素、CF3、-CHO或(C1-C6)烷氧基;
每个p独立地为0-4整数;
s为0-4整数;
其中,虚线键表示可为双键。
2、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R3为氢、卤素或(C1-C6)烷基。
3、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,“B”为氮,“A”和“D”为碳,且R5为氢、卤素、-CN、CF3或(C1-C6)烷基。
4、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R5为氯或甲基。
5、根据权利要求3的化合物,其中,n为1,R5为在与星号碳原子邻位的取代基。
6、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R2为Ph2,R9为氟、氯、-CN或羟基;或R10为-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-或氰基。
7、根据权利要求2的化合物,其中,R2为Ph2,R9为氟、氯、-CN或羟基;或R10为-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-或氰基。
8、根据权利要求1的化合物,R2为杂芳基,所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳,或者“K”和“L”为碳,“M”为氮,或者所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳;或者“T”为氮或硫,“Q”为氮或硫,“P”为碳;或者“T”为氧和“P”和“Q”均为碳。
9、根据权利要求2的化合物,R2为杂芳基,所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳,或者“K”和“L”为碳,“M”为氮,或者所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳;或者“T”为氮或硫,“Q”为氮或硫,“P”为碳;或者“T”为氧和“P”和“Q”均为碳。
10、根据权利要求3的化合物,R2为杂芳基,所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳,或者“K”和“L”为碳,“M”为氮,或者所述的杂芳基为取代或未取代的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳;或者“T”为氮或硫,“Q”为氮或硫,“P”为碳;或者“T”为氧和“P”和“Q”均为碳。
11、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R2为取代或未取代的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳;R14为氢、-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-或氰基;R17为氢、-CNO、氯、氟、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(C1-C6)烷基、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(C1-C6)烷基或氰基;或者R15或R16独立地为氢、-CHO、氯、氟、甲基、吡咯烷-(CH2)p-或氰基。
12、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R2为取代或未取代的六元杂环,且其中“K”、“L”和“M”为碳;R14为氢、-CHO、甲基、(C1-C6)烷基-NH-(CH2)p-、二(C1-C6)烷基-N-(CH2)p-、吡咯烷-(CH2)p-或氰基。
13、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R2为取代或未取代的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮,“P”为硫,“Q”为碳,R14、R15或R16独立地为氢、氯、氟、甲基或氰基。
14、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,R2为取代或未取代的五元杂环,且其中“T”为氮或硫,“P”为碳,“Q”为硫或氮,R14或R15独立地为氢、氯、氟、甲基或氰基。
15、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中,所述的化合物选自:
(S)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-氟-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-苄腈;
(S)-2-{2-[6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基]-乙烯基}-4-甲基-苄腈;
(S)-[2-(5-二乙氨基甲基-2-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-6-氟-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮;
(S)-6-氟-2-[2-(2-氟-5-吡咯烷-1-基甲基苯基)-乙烯基]-3-(2-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮。
16、一种用于治疗下述疾病的药物组合物,该组合物包含治疗或预防这种疾病有效量的权利要求1的化合物和可药用载体,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
17、一种治疗或预防哺乳动物下述疾病的方法,包括向需要进行治疗或预防的哺乳动物给予治疗或预防下述疾病有效量的权利要求1的化合物,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
18、一种用于治疗下述疾病的药物组合物,该组合物包含AMPA受体拮抗有效量的权利要求1的化合物和可药用载体,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩收侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
19、一种治疗或预防哺乳动物下述疾病的方法,包括向需要进行治疗或预防的哺乳动物给予AMPA受体拮抗有效量的权利要求1的化合物,所述疾病选自:心脏旁路手术和移植后的大脑缺陷、中风、大脑局部缺血、脊髓创伤、头部创伤、早老性痴呆、杭廷顿氏舞蹈病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、癫痫、AIDS诱导的痴呆、肌肉痉挛、偏头痛、小便失禁、精神病、惊厥、产期缺氧、缺氧(例如由于勒颈、手术、吸烟、窒息、溺水、气阻、触电死或药物或酒精过量)、心博停止、低血糖性神经元损伤、阿片耐受、成瘾戒断(例如酗酒和药物成瘾,包括阿片制剂、可卡因和尼古丁成瘾)、眼损伤、视网膜病、视网膜神经病变、耳鸣、自发的和药物诱发的帕金森氏病、焦虑、呕吐、脑水肿、慢性或急性疼痛或迟发性运动障碍。
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EP0807633B1 (en) | 1996-05-15 | 2002-11-06 | Pfizer Inc. | Novel 2,3-disubstituted-(5,6)- heteroarylfused-pyrimidine-4-ones |
KR100375155B1 (ko) | 1996-05-15 | 2003-08-19 | 화이자 인코포레이티드 | 신규한2,3-이치환된-4(3에이치)-퀴나졸리논 |
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