WO1998038187A1 - Atropisomers of 3-heteroaryl-4(3h)-quinazolinones for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cns-trauma related conditions - Google Patents

Atropisomers of 3-heteroaryl-4(3h)-quinazolinones for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cns-trauma related conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998038187A1
WO1998038187A1 PCT/IB1998/000151 IB9800151W WO9838187A1 WO 1998038187 A1 WO1998038187 A1 WO 1998038187A1 IB 9800151 W IB9800151 W IB 9800151W WO 9838187 A1 WO9838187 A1 WO 9838187A1
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Prior art keywords
alkyl
carbon
fluoro
nitrogen
methyl
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PCT/IB1998/000151
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French (fr)
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Bertrand Leo Chenard
Keith Michael Devries
Willard Mckowan Welch, Jr.
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Pfizer Products Inc.
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Priority to IL13089798A priority Critical patent/IL130897A0/en
Priority to HU0000935A priority patent/HUP0000935A3/en
Application filed by Pfizer Products Inc. filed Critical Pfizer Products Inc.
Priority to SK1131-99A priority patent/SK113199A3/en
Priority to CA002282279A priority patent/CA2282279C/en
Priority to NZ336627A priority patent/NZ336627A/en
Priority to DK98901424T priority patent/DK0964860T3/en
Priority to DE69823339T priority patent/DE69823339T2/en
Priority to BR9807807-0A priority patent/BR9807807A/en
Priority to JP53744998A priority patent/JP3299990B2/en
Priority to EA199900689A priority patent/EA001961B1/en
Priority to PL98335307A priority patent/PL335307A1/en
Priority to AT98901424T priority patent/ATE264854T1/en
Priority to EP98901424A priority patent/EP0964860B1/en
Priority to US09/380,114 priority patent/US6380204B1/en
Priority to AU57759/98A priority patent/AU732448B2/en
Priority to UA99084850A priority patent/UA58536C2/en
Publication of WO1998038187A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998038187A1/en
Priority to IS5141A priority patent/IS5141A/en
Priority to BG103687A priority patent/BG103687A/en
Priority to NO994178A priority patent/NO994178L/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • A61P21/02—Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
    • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D491/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to atropisomers of 3-heteroaryl-4(3H)- quinazo nones of the formula la, described below, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating
  • Atropisomers are isome ⁇ c compounds that are chiral, i e each isomer is not supe ⁇ mposable on its mirror image and the isomers, once separated, rotate polarized light in equal amounts but opposite directions Atropisomers are distinguished from enantiomers in that atropisomers do not possess a single asymmetric atom
  • Atropisomers are conformational isomers which occur when rotation about a single bond in the molecule is prevented or greatly slowed as a result of ste ⁇ c interactions with other parts of the molecule and the substituents at both ends of the single bond are unsymmetncal
  • atropisomers can be found in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 101 -102 (4th ed 1992) and in Oki, Top Stereochem ,
  • the compounds of the invention provide the first evidence that atropisomers of quinazolinones are separable and that the separated isomers possess differential AMPA receptor antagonist activity ( AMPA receptors are a subspecies of glutamate receptors, identified by their ability to bind or-am ⁇ no-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-
  • AMPA isoxazolepropionic acid
  • AMPA receptor antagonists are neuroprotective in focal and global ischemia models
  • the competitive AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (2,3-d ⁇ hydroxy-6-n ⁇ tro-7-sulfamoylbenzo[f-]qu ⁇ noxal ⁇ ne) has been reported effective in preventing global and focal ischemic damage Sheardown et al , Science, 247, 571 (1900), Buchan et al .
  • AMPA receptor antagonists may prove useful as neuroprotective agents and improve the neurological outcome of cerebral ischemia in humans
  • each of "A, B and D” is nitrogen or -CH-, with the proviso that only one of “A", “B” and “D” can be nitrogen; wherein n is an integer from one to four, preferably one to or two, and wherein each R 5 is a substituent on any carbon atom of the "A, B, D" ring capable of supporting an additional bond, with the proviso that one R 5 must be attached to a carbon atom ortho to the asterisked carbon of the ring; wherein each R 5 may be independently selected from the group consisting of (C C 6 )alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, amino-(CH 2 ) m -, (C C 6 )alkylamino-(CH 2 ) m -, di(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-amino- (CH 2 ) m -, (C C 6 )alkoxy, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, (C 1 -C
  • R 2 is a phenyl group of the formula Ph 2 or a five or six membered heterocycle; wherein said 6-membered heterocycle has the formula
  • N is nitrogen
  • said ring positions “K”, “L” and “M” may be independently selected from carbon and nitrogen, with the proviso that i) only one of “K”, “L” and “M” can be nitrogen and n) when “K", “L” or “M” is nitrogen, then its respective R 15 , R 16 or R 17 is absent, wherein said five membered heterocycle has the formula
  • R J is hydrogen, halo, -CN, -N0 2 , CF 3 , (C r C 6 )alkyl or (C C 6 )alkoxy
  • R 11 and R 14 are selected, independently, from hydrogen, halo, CF 3 , (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C r C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C C 6 )alkylthiol, amino-(CH 2 ) p -, (C C 6 )alkyl-NH-(CH 2 ) p -, di(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N-(CH 2 ) p -, (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl-NH-(CH 2 ) p -, amino-(C
  • C 6 )alkylth ⁇ ol am ⁇ no-(CH 2 ) p -, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-NH-(CH 2 ) p -, d ⁇ (C C 6 )alkyl-N-(CH 2 ) p -, (C 3 -
  • R 15 is hydrogen, -CN, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, halo, CF 3 , -CHO or (C C 6 )alkoxy
  • R 16 is hydrogen, -CN, (C r C 6 )alkyl, halo, CF 3 , -CHO or (C C 6 )alkoxy
  • R 17 is hydrogen, -CN, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, am ⁇ no-(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-, (C C 6 )alkyl-NH-(C r
  • the present invention also relates to the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the formula I
  • the acids which are used to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the aforementioned base compounds of this invention are those which form non-toxic acid addition salts, ⁇ _e_, salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as the hydrochlonde, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, acetate, lactate, citrate, acid citrate, tartrate, bitartrate, succmate, maleate, fumarate, gluconate, saccharate, benzoate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate and pamoate [ ⁇ _e_, 1 , 1 '-methylene-b ⁇ s-(2-hydroxy-3- naphthoate)]salts
  • the invention
  • Preferred compounds of formula I are those wherein R 3 is hydrogen, halo or (C,- C 6 )alkyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN, CF 3 , or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, preferably R 5 is chloro or methyl, more preferably R 5 is a substituent ortho to the asterisked carbon
  • R 2 Ph 2 are those wherein R 9 is fluoro, chloro, -CN or hydroxy, or R 11 is -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C 6 )alkyl-NH- (CH 2 ) p -, d ⁇ (C C 6 )alkyl-N-(CH 2 ) p -, pyrrol ⁇ d ⁇ ne-(CH 2 ) p - or cyano
  • R 2 Ph 2 are those wherein R 9 is fluoro or -CN, or R 11 is methyl, (C C 6 )alkyl-NH-
  • Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R 2 is an optionally substituted six- membered heterocycle wherein "K", “L” and “M” are carbon (i e pyr ⁇ d ⁇ n-2-yl) are those wherein R 14 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C 6 )alkyl-NH-(CH 2 ) p -, d ⁇ (C C 6 )alkyl-N-(CH 2 ) P -, pyrrol ⁇ d ⁇ ne-(CH 2 ) p - or cyano, R 17 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C r C 6 )alkyl-NH-(C C 6 )alkyl, d ⁇ (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl-N-(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, or cyano, or R 15 or R 16 are independently hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano Most preferred compounds of
  • Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R 2 is an optionally substituted five- membered heterocycle wherein "T” is nitrogen, “P” is sulfur and “Q” is carbon (i e 1 ,3- th ⁇ azol-4-yl) are those wherein R 14 , R 15 or R 16 are each independently hydrogen chloro, fluoro methyl or cyano
  • Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R 2 is an optionally substituted five- membered heterocycle wherein "T” is nitrogen or sulfur, “Q” is sulfur or nitrogen and “P” is carbon (i e 1 ,3-th ⁇ azol-2-yl) are those wherein R 14 or R 15 are independently hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano
  • This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Hunt gton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive
  • This invention also relates to a method of treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dys
  • This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive
  • This invention also relates to a method for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dys
  • the compounds of this invention include all stereoisomers and all optical isomers of compounds of the formula la (e g , R and S enantiomers), as well as racemic, diastereomeric and other mixtures of such isomers
  • the compounds of this invention may contain olefm-like double bonds When such bonds are present, the compounds of the invention exist as cis and trans configurations and as mixtures thereof
  • alkyl groups referred to herein, as well as the alkyl moieties of other groups referred to herein (e_g_, alkoxy), may be linear or branched, and they may also be cyclic (e g , cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl) or be linear or branched and contain cyclic moieties
  • halo or halogen refer to fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine
  • This steric restriction is due to a rotational energy barrier preventing free rotation about the single bond connecting the quinazolmone ring to the "A, B and D" containing ring
  • This rotational energy barrier is a result of an inability of a R 5 substituent, ortho to the asterisked carbon, to rotate around the quinazo ne nucleus ln the compounds of formula la, the atoms "A and B" and the substituents thereon are stencally restricted so as to exist orthogonally above the plane of the quinazolmone ring when the ring is laid out with
  • Scheme 1 refers to the preparation of compounds of the formula la or lb from compounds of the formula V
  • Compounds of the formula V are commercially available or can be prepared by methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art
  • a compound of the formula V can be converted into an acetamide of the formula IV by reaction with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the presence of a base in a reaction inert solvent
  • Suitable solvents include methylene chloride, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, preferably methylene chloride
  • Suitable bases include t ⁇ alkylamines such as triethylamme and t ⁇ butylamine, dimethylaminopy ⁇ dine and potassium carbonate, preferably triethylamme
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 0°C to about 35°C for about 1 hour to about 10 hours, preferably at about 25°C for about 3 hours
  • the acetamide of the formula IV is cyclized to a compound of the formula III by reaction with a dehydrating agent, in the presence of a catalyst, in dry reaction inert solvent
  • Suitable dehydrating agents include acetic anhydride, phosphrous pentoxide, dicyclohexylcarbodimide, and acetyl chloride, preferably acetic anhydride
  • Suitable catalysts include sodium or potassium acetate, acetic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, or boron trifluonde etherate, preferably sodium acetate
  • Suitable solvents include dioxane, toluene, diglyme or dichloroethane, preferably dioxane
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 80°C to about 1 10°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 100°C for about 3 to 10 hours
  • the compound of formula V can be directly converted into a compound of formula III by reaction with acetic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst in a solvent
  • Suitable acid catalysts include acetic acid, sulfu ⁇ c acid, or p- toluene sulfonic acid, preferably acetic acid
  • Suitable solvents include acetic acid, toluene or xylene, preferably acetic acid
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 20°C to about 150°C for about 10 minutes to about 10 hours, preferably at about 120°C for about 2 to 5 hours
  • Suitable acid catalysts include acetic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid or sulfunc acid, preferably acetic acid
  • Suitable polar protic solvents include acetic acid, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, preferably acetic acid
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 20°C to about 1 17°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 1 17°C for about 6 hours
  • a compound of the formula IV can be directly converted to a compound of the formula II by reaction with a dehydrating agent, an am e of the formula VIII, and a base, in a reaction inert solvent
  • Suitable dehydrating agents include phosphorous trichloride, phosphorous oxychlonde, phosphorous pentachlo de or thionyl chloride, preferably phosphorous trichloride
  • Suitable bases include pyndine, lutidme, dimethylaminopy ⁇ dine, triethylamme or N-methyl morphohne, preferably pyndine
  • Suitable solvents include toluene, cyclohexane, benzene or xylene, preferably toluene
  • the reaction may be run neat
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 50°C to about 150°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 1 10°C for about 4
  • Compounds of the formula I wherein the dashed line represents a single carbon- carbon bond may be prepared by hydrogenatmg the corresponding compounds wherein the dashed line represents a double carbon-carbon bond, using standard techniques that are well known to those skilled in the art For example, reduction of the double bond may be effected with hydrogen gas (H 2 ), using catalysts such as palladium on carbon (Pd/C), palladium on barium sulfate (Pd/BaS0 4 ), platinum on carbon (Pt/C), or t ⁇ s(tr ⁇ phenylphosph ⁇ ne) rhodium chloride (Wilkinson's catalyst), in an appropriate solvent such as methanol, ethanol, THF, dioxane or ethyl acetate, at a pressure from about 1 to about 5 atmospheres and a temperature from about 10°C to about 60°C, as described in Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Synthesis, Paul Rylander, Academic Press Inc , San Diego, 1979,
  • Suitable HPLC instruments include LC SpiderLmg®, Waters 4000®, Hewlett Packard 1050® and Analytical Grade Thermo Separation Products HPLC Suitable HPLC's are configured according to methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art Such configuration invariably includes a pump, injection port and a detector Suitable chiral columns can be purchased prepackaged or can be packed by one of ordinary skill in the art Suitable chiral columns include chiral OA, OD, OG, AD and AS columns which can be purchased from Chiral Technologies Inc , 730 Sp ⁇ ngdale Drive, PO Box 564, Exton, PA 19341
  • HPLC High Pressure Liquid Chromatography
  • a compound of the formula V can be converted to a compound of the formula II according to the methods described in Scheme 2
  • the compound of formula II, so formed, can be converted into a compound of formula I according to the methods of Scheme 1
  • a compound of the formula V is reacted with a coupling reagent, an amme of the formula VIII, and a base in a reaction inert solvent to form a compound of the formula VI
  • suitable coupling reagents which activate the carboxylic functionality are dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N-3- dimethylaminopropyl-N'-ethylcarbodiimide, 2-ethoxy-1 -ethoxycarbonyl- 1 ,2- dihydroqumoline (EEDQ), carbonyl diimidazole (CDI), and diethylphosphorylcyanide
  • Suitable bases include dimethylammopyridine (DMAP), hydroxybenzot azole (HBT), or triethylamme, preferably dimethyla
  • the compound of formula VI is converted into a compound of the formula VII by reaction with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the presence of a base in a reaction inert solvent
  • Suitable solvents include methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, preferably methylene chloride
  • Suitable bases include tnalkylammes such as triethylamme and t ⁇ butylamine, dimethylammopyridine and potassium carbonate, preferably triethylamme
  • the temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 0°C to about 35°C for about 1 hour to about 10 hours, preferably at about 30°C for about 3 hours
  • the compound of formula VII is cyclized to a compound of formula II by reaction with t phenylphosphine, a base, and a dialkyl azodicarboxylate in a reaction inert solvent
  • Suitable bases include pyndine, triethy
  • the compound of formula II is converted to the corresponding compound of formula VIII by reacting II with a base, as lithium dnsopropylamide, in a polar aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
  • a base as lithium dnsopropylamide
  • a polar aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
  • the solution is stirred at a temperature between about -100°C to about 0°C, preferably about -78°C, for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 1 hour, preferably about 30 minutes
  • the anionic product so formed is reacted with with a tetrahydrofuran solution of an aldehyde of the formula R 2 CHO
  • the solution of aldehyde can be added to the anion solution (normal addition) or the anion solution can be added to the solution of the aldehyde (inverse addition) While both methods can be used to produce compounds of formula VIII, inverse additional is preferred
  • the resulting reaction mixture
  • Compounds of the formula I wherein the dashed line represents a single carbon- carbon bond may be prepared by hydrogenatmg the corresponding compounds wherein the dashed line represents a double carbon-carbon bond, using standard techniques that are well known to those skilled in the art For example, reduction of the double bond may be effected with hydrogen gas (H 2 ), using catalysts such as palladium on carbon (Pd/C), palladium on barium sulfate (Pd/BaS0 4 ), platinum on carbon (Pt/C), or t ⁇ s(tr ⁇ phenylphosph ⁇ ne) rhodium chloride (Wilkinson's catalyst), in an appropriate solvent such as methanol, ethanol, THF, dioxane or ethyl acetate, at a pressure from about 1 to about 5 atmospheres and a temperature from about 10°C to about 60°C, as described in Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Synthesis, Paul Rylander, Academic Press Inc , San Diego, 1979,
  • heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyr ⁇ d ⁇ n-2-yl, 1 ,3-pyraz ⁇ n-4-yl, 1 ,4- pyraz ⁇ n-3-yl, 1 ,3-pyraz ⁇ n-2-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, 1 ,3- ⁇ m ⁇ dazol-4-yl, 1 ,3- ⁇ m ⁇ dazol-2-yl, 1 ,3,4- tr ⁇ azol-2-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-4-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl, 1 ,3-th ⁇ azol-4-yl, 1 ,3-th ⁇ azol-2-yl 1 ,2,4- oxad ⁇ azol-3-yl, 1 ,2,4-oxad ⁇ azol-5-yl, fur-2-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-5-yl, fur-2-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-5-
  • the compounds of the formula la which are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of different salts with various inorganic and organic acids
  • such salts must be pharmaceutically acceptable for administration to animals, it is often desirable in practice to initially isolate a compound of the formula I from the reaction mixture as a pharmaceutically unacceptable salt and then simply convert the latter back to the free base compound by treatment with an alkaline reagent, and subsequently convert the free base to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt
  • the acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are readily prepared by treating the base compound with a substantially equivalent amount of the chosen mineral or organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol Upon careful evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is obtained
  • the acids which are used to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are those which form non-toxic acid addition salts, i e , salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as hydrochlonde, hydrobromid
  • Those compounds of the formula la which are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations
  • examples of such salts include the alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and particular, the sodium and potassium salts
  • the chemical bases which are used as reagents to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of this invention are those which form non-toxic base salts with the herein described acidic compounds of formula la
  • These non-toxic base salts include those derived from such pharmacologically acceptable cations as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, etc
  • These salts can easily be prepared by treating the corresponding acidic compounds with an aqueous solution containing the desired pharmacologically acceptable cations, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably under reduced pressure Alternatively, they may also be prepared by mixing lower alkano c solutions of the acidic compounds and the desired alkali metal alkoxide together, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in the same manner as
  • the compounds of the formula la and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative and CNS-trauma related conditions and are potent AMPA receptor agonists and antagonists
  • the active compounds of the invention may therefore be used in the treatment or prevention of cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AIDS-mduced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spas
  • the in vitro and in vivo activity of the compounds of the invention for AMPA receptor antagonism can be determined by methods available to one of ordinary skill in the art
  • One method for determining the activity of the compounds of the invention is by inhibition of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)- ⁇ nduced seizures
  • Another method for determining the activity of the compounds of the invention is by blockage of AMPA receptor activation-induced 45 Ca 2+ uptake
  • mice can be determined according to the following procedure This assay examines the ability of compounds to block seizures and death produced by PTZ Measures taken are latency to dome and tonic seizures, and death ID 50 s are determined based on percent protection
  • Mice are housed 13 per cage under standard laboratory conditions on a L D/7 a m 7 p m lighting cycle for at least 7 days prior to experimentation Food and water are available ad libitum until the time of testing All compounds are administered in a volume of 10 ml/kg Drug vehicles will depend on compound solubility, but screening will typically be done using saline, distilled water, or E D S/5 5 90 (5% emulphor,
  • mice are administered the test compounds or vehicle (i p , s c , or p o ) and are placed into plexiglass cages in groups of five At a predetermined time after these injections, mice are given an injection of PTZ (i p , 120 mg/kg) and placed into individual plexiglass cages Measures taken during this five minute test period are (1 ) latency to dome seizures, (2) latency to tonic seizures, and (3) latency to death Treatment groups are compared to the vehicle-treated group by Kruskal-Wallis Anova and Mann-Whitney U tests (Statview) Percent protection is calculated for each group (number of subjects not showing seizure or death as indicated by a score of 300 sees) at each measure ID 50 's are determined by probit analysis (Biostat) Another method for determining the activity of the compounds is to determine the effect of the compounds on motor coordination in mice This activity can be determined according to the following procedure
  • mice Male CD-1 mice from Charles River, weighing 14-16 g on arrival and 23-35 g at the time of testing, serve as subjects for these experiments Mice are housed 13 per cage under standard laboratory conditions on a L D/7 a m 7 p m lighting cycle for at least 7 days prior to experimentation Food and water are available ad libitum until the time of testing
  • Drug vehicles will depend on compound solubility but screening will typically be done using saline distilled water, or E D S/5 5 90 (5% emulphor, 5% DMSO, and 90% saline) as the injection vehicle
  • the apparatus used in these studies consists of a group of five 13 34 x 13 34 cm wire mesh squares suspended on 11 43 cm steel poles connected to a 165 1 cm pole which is elevated 38 1 cm above the lab bench These wire mesh squares can be turned upside-down
  • mice are administered test compounds or vehicle (i p , s c , or p o) and are placed into plexiglass cages in groups of five At a predetermined time after these injections, mice are placed on top of the wire mesh squares and flipped so that they are suspended upside-down During the one minute test, mice are rated 0 if they fall off the screen, m 1 if they hang on upside-down, or 2 if they climb up onto the top Treatment groups are compared to the vehicle-treated group with Kruskal-Walhs and Mann-Whitney U tests (Statview)
  • Neuronal primary cultures Primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons are prepared as described by Parks, T N , Artman, L D , Alasti, N , and Nemeth, E F , Modulation Of N-Methyl-D- Aspartate Receptor-Mediated Increases In Cytosohc Calcium In Cultured Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells. Brain Res 552.
  • cerebella are removed from 8 day old CD rats, minced into 1 mm pieces and incubated for 15 minutes at 37°C in calcium-magnesium free Tyrode's solution containing 0 1 % trypsin
  • the tissue is then triturated using a fine bore Pasteur pipette
  • the cell suspension is plated onto poly-D-lysine coated 96-well tissue culture plates at 10 5 cells per well Medium consists of Minimal Essential Medium (MEM), with Earle's salts, 10% heat inactivated Fetal Bovine Serum, 2 mM L-glutamme, 21 mM glucose, Penicillin- Streptomycin (100 units per ml) and 25 mM KCI After 24 hours, the medium is replaced with fresh medium containing 10 ⁇ M cytosme arabinoside to inhibit cell division Cultures should be used at 6-8 DIV
  • AMPA receptor activation-induced 45 Ca 2+ uptake The effects of drugs on AMPA receptor activation-induced 45 Ca 2+ uptake can be examined in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures Cultures in 96 well plates are preincubated for approximately 3 hours in serum free medium and then for 10 minutes in a Mg 2+ -free balanced salt solution (in mM 120 NaCI, 5 KCI 0 33 NaH 2 P0 4 1 8 CaCI 2 , 22 0 glucose and 10 0 HEPES at pH 7 4) containing 0 5 mM DTT 10 uM glycine and drugs at 2X final concentration
  • the reaction is started by rapid addition of an equal volume of the balanced salt solution containing 100 ⁇ M of the AMPA receptor agonist kainic acid and 45 Ca 2+ (final specific activity 250 Ci/mmol) After 10 minutes at 25°C the reaction is stopped by aspirating the 45 Ca 2+ -conta ⁇ n ⁇ ng solution and washing the cells 5X in an ice cold balanced salt solution containing no added calcium and
  • compositions of the present invention may be formulated in a conventional manner using one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers
  • the active compounds of the invention may be formulated for oral, buccal, transdermal, intranasal, parenteral (e g , intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) or rectal administration or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may take the form of, for example, tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (e_g_, pregelatimsed maize starch polyvinylpyrrohdone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) fillers (e g , lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium phosphate), lubricants (e g , magnesium stearate, talc or silica), dismtegrants (e g , potato starch or sodium starch glycollate), or wetting agents (e g , sodium lauryl sulphate)
  • binding agents e_g_, pregelatimsed maize starch polyvinylpyrrohdone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • fillers e g , lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium phosphate
  • lubricants e g , magnesium stearate, talc or silica
  • dismtegrants
  • composition may take the form of tablets or lozenges formulated in conventional manner
  • composition may take the form of patches, creams ointments or iontophoresis formulated in conventional manner such as described in United States Patents 5,004,610 or 5,364,630 issued April 2, 1991 and November 15, 1994 respectively
  • the active compounds of the invention may be formulated for parenteral administration by injection, including using conventional catheterization techniques or infusion Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form, e_g_, in ampules or in multi-dose containers, with an added preservative
  • the compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulating agents such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents
  • the active ingredient may be in powder form for reconstitution with a suitable vehicle, e g , sterile pyrogen-free water, before use
  • the active compounds of the invention may also be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, e_g_, containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycendes
  • rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, e_g_, containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycendes
  • the active compounds of the invention are conveniently delivered in the form of a solution or suspension from a pump spray container that is squeezed or pumped by the patient or as an aerosol spray presentation from a pressurized container or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant, e g , dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide or other suitable gas
  • a suitable propellant e g
  • dichlorodifluoromethane trichlorofluoromethan
  • a proposed dose of the active compounds of the invention for oral, parenteral or buccal administration to the average adult human for the treatment of the conditions referred to above is 0.01 to 20 mg/kg of the active ingredient per unit dose which could be administered, for example, 1 to 4 times per day.
  • Aerosol formulations for treatment of the conditions referred to above (e.g., stroke) in the average adult human are preferably arranged so that each metered dose or "puff" of aerosol contains 20 ⁇ g to 1000 ⁇ g of the compound of the invention.
  • the overall daily dose with an aerosol will be within the range 100 ⁇ g to 10 mg.
  • Administration may be several times daily, for example 2, 3, 4 or 8 times, giving for example, 1 , 2 or 3 doses each time.
  • Racemic 6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-vinyl]-3H- quinazolin-4-one (0.090 g) was dissolved in 0.1 % diethylamine/isopropanol (60 mL) (final concentration 1.5 mg/mL) and applied to a preparative HPLC column (5 x 50 cm Chiralcel AD) and eluted with 85/15/0.1 heptane/isopropanol/diethylamine at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. The eluent was monitored with ultraviolet detection at 265 nM.

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel atropisomers of 3-heteroaryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones of formula (1a), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating neurodegenerative and CNS-trauma related conditions.

Description

ATROPISOMERS OF 3-HETEROARYL-4(3H)-QUINAZOLINONES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEURODEGENERA- TIVE AND CNS-TRAUMA RELATED CONDITIONS
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to atropisomers of 3-heteroaryl-4(3H)- quinazo nones of the formula la, described below, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating
10 neurodegenerative and CNS-trauma related conditions
Atropisomers are isomeπc compounds that are chiral, i e each isomer is not supeπmposable on its mirror image and the isomers, once separated, rotate polarized light in equal amounts but opposite directions Atropisomers are distinguished from enantiomers in that atropisomers do not possess a single asymmetric atom
15 Atropisomers are conformational isomers which occur when rotation about a single bond in the molecule is prevented or greatly slowed as a result of steπc interactions with other parts of the molecule and the substituents at both ends of the single bond are unsymmetncal A detailed account of atropisomers can be found in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 101 -102 (4th ed 1992) and in Oki, Top Stereochem ,
20 14, 1 -81 (1983)
The compounds of the invention provide the first evidence that atropisomers of quinazolinones are separable and that the separated isomers possess differential AMPA receptor antagonist activity ( AMPA receptors are a subspecies of glutamate receptors, identified by their ability to bind or-amιno-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-
25 isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), that are post-synaptic neurotransmitter receptors for excitatory ammo acids ) Colebrook et al , Can J Chem , 53, 3431-4, (1975) observed hindered rotation about aryl C-N bonds in quinazolinones but did not separate or suggest that the rotational isomers could be separated United States Patent Application 60/017,738 filed May 15, 1996 and entitled "Novel 2,3-Dιsubstιtuted-4-(3H)-
30 Quinazolinones" and United States Patent Application 60/017,737 filed May 15, 1996 and entitled "Novel 2,3-Dιsubstιtuted-(5,6)-Heteroarylfused-Pyrιmιdιn-4-ones " both applications herein incorporated by reference in there entirety, refer to racemic quinazolinones and pyπmidinones Supπsingly, the inventors of the present invention have discovered that one quinazolinone isomer, defined by the spatial positions of the
35 substituents arising out of steric interactions, possesses all of the AMPA receptor antagonist activity The role of excitatory ammo acids, such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid, as the predominant mediators of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system has been well established Watkins & Evans, Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , 21 , 165 (1981 ), Monaghan, Bridges, and Cotman, Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , 29, 365 (1989), Watkins, Krogsgaard-Larsen, and Honore, Trans Pharm Sci , 1 1 , 25 (1990) These ammo acids function in synaptic transmission primarily through excitatory ammo acid receptors These ammo acids also participate in a variety of other physiological processes such as motor control, respiration, cardiovascular regulation, sensory perception, and cognition Excitatory ammo acid receptors are classified into two general types Receptors that are directly coupled to the opening of cation channels in the cell membrane of the neurons are termed "lonotropic " This type of receptor has been subdivided into at least three subtypes, which are defined by the depolarizing actions of the selective agonists N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), α-amιno-3-hydroxy-5-methylιsoxazole-4- propionic acid (AMPA), and kainic acid (KA) The second general type is the G-protem or second messenger-linked "metabotropic" excitatory ammo acid receptor This second type, when activated by the agonists quisqualate, ibotenate, or trans-1- amιnocyclopentane-1 ,3-dιcarboxylιc acid, leads to enhanced phosphomosoitide hydrolysis in the postsynaptic cell Both types of receptors appear not only to mediate normal synaptic transmission along excitatory pathways, but also participate in the modification of synaptic connection during development and changes in the efficiency of synaptic transmission throughout life Schoepp, Bockaert, and Sladeczek Trends in Pharmacol Sci , 11 , 508 (1990), McDonald and Johnson, Brain Research Reviews, 15, 41 (1990) The excessive or inappropriate stimulation of excitatory ammo acid receptors leads to neuronal cell damage or loss by way of a mechanism known as excitotoxicity This process has been suggested to mediate neuronal degeneration in a variety of conditions The medical consequences of such neuronal degeneration makes the abatement of these degenerative neurological processes an important therapeutic goal Excitatory ammo acid excitotoxicity has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of neurological disorders This excitotoxicity has been implicated in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions including cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AIDS-mduced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, ocular damage and retmopathy, and idiopathic and drug-induced Parkinson's Disease Other neurological conditions, that are caused by glutamate dysfunction, require neuromodulation These other neurological conditions include muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), opiate tolerance, anxiety, emesis, brain edema, chronic pain, convulsions, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus and tardive dyskmesia The use of a neuroprotective agent, such as an AMPA receptor antagonist, is believed to be useful in treating these disorders and/or reducing the amount of neurological damage associated with these disorders The excitatory am o acid receptor (EAA) antagonists are also useful as analgesic agents
Several studies have shown that AMPA receptor antagonists are neuroprotective in focal and global ischemia models The competitive AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (2,3-dιhydroxy-6-nιtro-7-sulfamoylbenzo[f-]quιnoxalιne) has been reported effective in preventing global and focal ischemic damage Sheardown et al , Science, 247, 571 (1900), Buchan et al . Λ/euroreport, 2, 473 (1991 ), LePeillet et a] , Brain Research, 571 , 1 15 (1992) The noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonists GKYI 52466 has been shown to be an effective neuroprotective agent in rat global ischemia models LaPeillet et al , Brain Research, 571 , 1 15 (1992) These studies strongly suggest that the delayed neuronal degeneration in brain ischemia involves glutamate excitotoxicity mediated at least in part by AMPA receptor activation Thus, AMPA receptor antagonists may prove useful as neuroprotective agents and improve the neurological outcome of cerebral ischemia in humans
Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to an atropisomer of the formula
Figure imgf000006_0001
l a
wherein each of "A, B and D" is nitrogen or -CH-, with the proviso that only one of "A", "B" and "D" can be nitrogen; wherein n is an integer from one to four, preferably one to or two, and wherein each R5 is a substituent on any carbon atom of the "A, B, D" ring capable of supporting an additional bond, with the proviso that one R5 must be attached to a carbon atom ortho to the asterisked carbon of the ring; wherein each R5 may be independently selected from the group consisting of (C C6)alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, amino-(CH2)m-, (C C6)alkylamino-(CH2)m-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-amino- (CH2)m-, (C C6)alkoxy, hydroxy(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, -CN, hydroxy-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-0-(C1-
C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)-0-l H-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-(CH2)m-, HO- (C=0)-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, NH2-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C=O)- (CH2)m-, and di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-(CH2)m-; and wherein m is an integer from zero to four;
R2 is a phenyl group of the formula Ph2 or a five or six membered heterocycle; wherein said 6-membered heterocycle has the formula
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein "N" is nitrogen, wherein said ring positions "K", "L" and "M" may be independently selected from carbon and nitrogen, with the proviso that i) only one of "K", "L" and "M" can be nitrogen and n) when "K", "L" or "M" is nitrogen, then its respective R15, R16 or R17 is absent, wherein said five membered heterocycle has the formula
Figure imgf000007_0002
wherein said "T" is -CH-, N, NH, O or S, wherein said ring positions "P" and "Q" may be independently selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, with the proviso that only one of "P," "Q" or "T" can be oxygen or sulfur and at least one of "P", "Q" or "T" must be a heteroatom, wherein said Ph2 is a group of the formula
Figure imgf000007_0003
RJ is hydrogen, halo, -CN, -N02, CF3, (CrC6)alkyl or (C C6)alkoxy, R9 is hydrogen, halo, CF3, (C C6)alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C1-C6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C C6)alkylthiol, amino-(CH2)s-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)s-, di(CrC6)alkyl-N-(CH2)s-, (C3- C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)s-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, (C C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, di(Cr C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, R130-(CH2)s-, R130- (C=O)-(CH2)8-, H(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-, (CrC6)alkyl-(0=C)-NH-(CH2),-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)- N-(CH2)S-, H(0=C)-N-(CH2)s-, H-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-, hydroxy, hydroxy-
(C C6)alkyl (C1-C6)alkyl (C1-C6)alkyl-1 (C1-C6)alkyl-O-(C1-C6)alkyl-, or -CN; R10 is hydrogen or halo;
R11 and R14 are selected, independently, from hydrogen, halo, CF3, (C1-C6)alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (CrC6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C C6)alkylthiol, amino-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, amino-(C
C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(CrC6)alkyl-N-(C
C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C
I (C1-C6)alkyl
C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)- (CH2)p-, R130-(CH2)p-, R130-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-0-, H(0=C)-0-(C C6)alkyl-, H(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, -CHO, H-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (CrC6) alkyl-(C=O)-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(O=C)-N-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-N-(CH2)p-, HO-(C C6)alkyl-N- I I I
(C C6)alkyl (C C6)alkyl (C C6)alkyl
(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, amino-(C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, (C
C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0- (CH2)p-l di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-l amino-(CrC6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, hydroxy, hydroxy-(C C6)alkyl-, hydroxy- (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-0-(C C6)alkyl-,-CN,piperidine-(CH2)p-,pyrrolidine- (CH2)p-, and 3-pyrroline-(CH2)p-, wherein said piperidine, pyrrolidine and 3-pyrroline moieties of said piperidine-(CH2)p-, pyrrolidine-(CH2)p- and 3-pyrroline-(CH2)p- groups may optionally be substituted on any of the ring carbon atoms capable of supporting an additional bond, preferably zero to two substituents, with a substituent independently selected from halo, CF3, (C C6)alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C1-C6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C
C6)alkylthιol, amιno-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (C3-
C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, amιno-(CrC6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(C C6)alkyl-
NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(Cl-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-l dι(C
C6)alkyl-N-(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)-
(C1-C6)alkyl (CH2)p-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C=O)-(CH2)p, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)-(CH2)P-, R130- (CH2)p-, R130-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-0-, H(0=C)-0-(CrC6)alkyl-, H(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, -CHO, H-(C=O)-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-, (C
C6)alkyl-(0=C)-N-(CH2) - H(0=C)-N-(CH2)D-, HO-(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-
I I I
(C C6)alkyl (C^C alkyl (C C6)alkyl
(C=O)-O-NH-(CH2)p-, amιno-(C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl- (C=0)-O-(CH2)p-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-0-(CH2)p-, hydroxy, hydroxy-(Cr C alkyl-, hydroxy-(C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, and -CN, R12 is hydrogen, -CN or halo, R" is hydrogen, (C C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-) (C1-C6)alkyl-O-(C=O)-, (Cr
C6)alkyl-NH(C1-C6)alkyl, dι(C1-C6)-alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-, (CrC6)alkyl-NH-(C=0)-, ordι(C C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-,
R15 is hydrogen, -CN, (C1-C6)alkyl, halo, CF3, -CHO or (C C6)alkoxy, R16 is hydrogen, -CN, (CrC6)alkyl, halo, CF3, -CHO or (C C6)alkoxy, R17 is hydrogen, -CN, (C1-C6)alkyl, amιno-(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(Cr
C6)alkyl-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyi-, halo, CF3, -CHO or (C1-C6)alkoxy, each p is independently an integer from zero to 4, s is an integer from zero to 4, wherein the dashed bond represented an optional double bond, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds
The present invention also relates to the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of the formula I The acids which are used to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the aforementioned base compounds of this invention are those which form non-toxic acid addition salts, ι_e_, salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as the hydrochlonde, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, acetate, lactate, citrate, acid citrate, tartrate, bitartrate, succmate, maleate, fumarate, gluconate, saccharate, benzoate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate and pamoate [ι_e_, 1 , 1 '-methylene-bιs-(2-hydroxy-3- naphthoate)]salts The invention also relates to base addition salts of formula I The chemical bases that may be used as reagents to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of those compounds of formula I that are acidic in nature are those that form non-toxic base salts with such compounds Such non-toxic base salts include, but are not limited to those derived from such pharmacologically acceptable cations such as alkali metal cations (e g , potassium and sodium) and alkaline earth metal cations (e g , calcium and magnesium), ammonium or water-soluble amme addition salts such as N- methylglucamine (meglumine), and the lower alkanolammonium and other base salts of pharmaceutically acceptable organic amines
Preferred compounds of formula I are those wherein R3 is hydrogen, halo or (C,- C6)alkyl
Other preferred compounds of formula la are those wherein "B" is nitrogen and "A" and "D" are carbon and R5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN, CF3, or (C1-C6)alkyl, preferably R5 is chloro or methyl, more preferably R5 is a substituent ortho to the asterisked carbon Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is Ph2 are those wherein R9 is fluoro, chloro, -CN or hydroxy, or R11 is -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH- (CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, pyrrolιdιne-(CH2)p- or cyano Most preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is Ph2 are those wherein R9 is fluoro or -CN, or R11 is methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, or cyano Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is heteroaryl are those wherein said heteroaryl is either an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon (i e pyrιdιn-2-yl), or "K" and "L" are carbon and "M" is nitrogen (i e pyπmιdιn-2-yl), or said heteroaryl is an optionally substituted five membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon (i e 1 ,3- thιazol-4-yl), or "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is nitrogen or sulfur and "P" is carbon (i e 1 ,3-thιazol-2-yl) or "T" is oxygen and "P" and "Q" are each carbon (i e fur-2-yl)
Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is an optionally substituted six- membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon (i e pyrιdιn-2-yl) are those wherein R14 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)P-, pyrrolιdιne-(CH2)p- or cyano, R17 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (CrC6)alkyl-NH-(C C6)alkyl, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl, or cyano, or R15 or R16 are independently hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano Most preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon (i e pyrιdιn-2-yl) are those wherein R14 is hydrogen, -CHO, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, or cyano
Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is an optionally substituted five- membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon (i e 1 ,3- thιazol-4-yl) are those wherein R14, R15 or R16 are each independently hydrogen chloro, fluoro methyl or cyano
Preferred compounds of formula la wherein R2 is an optionally substituted five- membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is sulfur or nitrogen and "P" is carbon (i e 1 ,3-thιazol-2-yl) are those wherein R14 or R15 are independently hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano
Examples of specific preferred compounds of formula la include
(S)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vιnyl]-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazo n-4- one,
(S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydro-quιnazolιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-benzonιtrιle,
(S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methylpyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydroquιnazolιn-2-yl]-vιnyl}- benzonitπle,
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-chloro-pyrιdιn-3-yl) -6-fluoro-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydroquιnazolιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-benzonιtrιle, (S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydro-quιnazolιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-4-methyl-benzonιtrιle,
(S)-2-{2- [3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydro-quιnazohn-2-yl]-vιnyl}- benzonitnle,
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4- one,
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H- quιnazolιn-4-one, (S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(4-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-vinyl]-3H- quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-2-[2-(5-diethylaminomethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-vinyl]-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl- pyridin-3-yl)-3H-quinazolin-4-one; and (S)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-5 -pyrrolidin-1 -ylmethyl-phenyl)-vinyl]-3-(2-methyl- pyridin-3-yl)-3H-quinazolin-4-one.
Other compounds of the invention include:
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vinyl]-3H-quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(6-methyl-phenyl-2-yl)-vinyl]-3H- quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(fluoro-phenyl)-vinyl]-3H-quinazolin-4- one;
(S)-6-chloro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vin yl]-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-3H-quinazolin- 4-one; (S)-6-chloro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vinyl]-3-(3methyl-1 -oxy-pyridin-4-yl)-3H- quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-3-{2-(3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-fluoro--4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-2-ylj- vinyl}-benzaldehyde;
(S)-3-{2-[3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-2-yl]-vinyl}- benzaldehyde;
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(3-hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-vinyl]-3H- quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2-{2-[3(1 ,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]dec-8-ylmethyl)- phenyl]-vinyl}-6-fluoro-3H-quinazolin-4-one; (S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-fluoro-2-{2-[3-(4-pyrrolidin-1 -yl-piperidin-1 - ylmethyl)-phenyl]-vinyl}-3H-quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl- 6-fluoro-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-2-yl]- vinyl}-benzonitrile;
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-2-yl]-vinyl}- benzonitrile;
(S)-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vinyl]-3-(2-methyl-pyhdin-3-yl)-3H-quinazolin-4-one;
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl) -6-fluoro-2-[2-hydroxy-phenyl)-vinyl]-3H-quinazolin-4- one; (S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thιazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-3H- quιnazolιn-4-one,
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-chloro-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-dιmethylamιno-methylthιazol-4-yl)- vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one, (S)-2-[2-(5-Dι ethylamιnomethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-vιnyl]-6-fluoro-3-(4-methyl- pyπdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one
(S)-4-Dιethylamιnomethy l-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(4-methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4- dιhydro-quιnazolιn-2-yl]-vιnyl}-benzonιtrιle
(S)-2-[2-(5-Dι ethylamιnomethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-vιnyl]-6-fluoro-3-(3-methyl- pyrazιn-2-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-dιmethylamιno-methylthιazol-4-yl)- vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one,
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-oxazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H- quιnazolιn-4-one, (S)-6-fluoro-3-(2-chloro-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4- one,
(S)-6-fluoro-3-(4-methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(4-methyl-thιazol-2-yl)-vιnyl]-3H- quιnazolιn-4-one,
(S)-3-(2-chloro-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn- 4-one, and
(S)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-5-pyrro lιdιn-1 -ylmethyl-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-(2-methyl- pyπdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one
This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Hunt gton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising an amount of a compound of formula la effective in treating or preventing such condition and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
This invention also relates to a method of treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment or prevention an amount of a compound of formula la effective in treating or preventing such condition
This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising an AMPA receptor antagonizing effective amount of a compound of formula la and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
This invention also relates to a method for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising administering to a mammal requiring such treatment or prevention an AMPA receptor antagonizing effective amount of a compound of formula la
The compounds of this invention include all stereoisomers and all optical isomers of compounds of the formula la (e g , R and S enantiomers), as well as racemic, diastereomeric and other mixtures of such isomers
The compounds of this invention may contain olefm-like double bonds When such bonds are present, the compounds of the invention exist as cis and trans configurations and as mixtures thereof
Unless otherwise indicated, the alkyl groups referred to herein, as well as the alkyl moieties of other groups referred to herein (e_g_, alkoxy), may be linear or branched, and they may also be cyclic (e g , cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl) or be linear or branched and contain cyclic moieties
Unless otherwise indicated, halo or halogen refer to fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine The bold lines in formulae la and lb, depicted below, indicate that the bolded atoms, and the groups attached thereto, are steπcally restricted so as to exist either orthogonally above the plane of the quinazolmone ring or orthogonally below the plane of the quinazolmone ring This steric restriction is due to a rotational energy barrier preventing free rotation about the single bond connecting the quinazolmone ring to the "A, B and D" containing ring This rotational energy barrier is a result of an inability of a R5 substituent, ortho to the asterisked carbon, to rotate around the quinazo ne nucleus ln the compounds of formula la, the atoms "A and B" and the substituents thereon are stencally restricted so as to exist orthogonally above the plane of the quinazolmone ring when the ring is laid out with the vinyl group to the right of the quinazolmone ring Compounds of formula la are denoted with (S) stereochemistry In the compounds of formula lb, the mirror image of the compounds of formula la and drawn below, the atoms "A, B and D" are stencally restricted so as to exist orthogonally above the plane of the quinazolmone ring when the vinyl group is laid out to the left of the quinazolmone ring Compounds of the formual lb are denoted with (R) stereochemistry The compounds of formula la possess substantially all of the AMPA receptor antagonist activity whereas the compounds of formula lb are essentially devoid of AMPA receptor antagonist activity
Detailed Description of the Invention The compounds of formula I can be prepared according to the methods of Scheme 1 In the reaction Scheme and discussion that follow, A, B, D, K, L, M, P, Q, T, R2, R3, R5, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, Ph2, n, m, p, and s unless otherwise indicated, are as defined above for formula la
SCHEME 1
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000017_0002
la lb SCHEME 2
Figure imgf000018_0001
10 VI
15
20
Figure imgf000018_0002
VII
25
Figure imgf000018_0003
I I SCHEME 3
Figure imgf000019_0001
10
Figure imgf000019_0002
25
Figure imgf000019_0003
Scheme 1 refers to the preparation of compounds of the formula la or lb from compounds of the formula V Compounds of the formula V are commercially available or can be prepared by methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art
A compound of the formula V can be converted into an acetamide of the formula IV by reaction with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the presence of a base in a reaction inert solvent Suitable solvents include methylene chloride, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, preferably methylene chloride Suitable bases include tπalkylamines such as triethylamme and tπbutylamine, dimethylaminopyπdine and potassium carbonate, preferably triethylamme The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 0°C to about 35°C for about 1 hour to about 10 hours, preferably at about 25°C for about 3 hours
The acetamide of the formula IV is cyclized to a compound of the formula III by reaction with a dehydrating agent, in the presence of a catalyst, in dry reaction inert solvent Suitable dehydrating agents include acetic anhydride, phosphrous pentoxide, dicyclohexylcarbodimide, and acetyl chloride, preferably acetic anhydride Suitable catalysts include sodium or potassium acetate, acetic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, or boron trifluonde etherate, preferably sodium acetate Suitable solvents include dioxane, toluene, diglyme or dichloroethane, preferably dioxane The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 80°C to about 1 10°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 100°C for about 3 to 10 hours
Alternatively, the compound of formula V can be directly converted into a compound of formula III by reaction with acetic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst in a solvent Suitable acid catalysts include acetic acid, sulfuπc acid, or p- toluene sulfonic acid, preferably acetic acid Suitable solvents include acetic acid, toluene or xylene, preferably acetic acid The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 20°C to about 150°C for about 10 minutes to about 10 hours, preferably at about 120°C for about 2 to 5 hours
The compound of formula III, formed by either of the above methods, is reacted with an amine of the formula
Figure imgf000021_0001
V I I I
in a polar protic solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a compound of the formula II Suitable acid catalysts include acetic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid or sulfunc acid, preferably acetic acid Suitable polar protic solvents include acetic acid, methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, preferably acetic acid The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 20°C to about 1 17°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 1 17°C for about 6 hours
Alternatively, a compound of the formula IV can be directly converted to a compound of the formula II by reaction with a dehydrating agent, an am e of the formula VIII, and a base, in a reaction inert solvent Suitable dehydrating agents include phosphorous trichloride, phosphorous oxychlonde, phosphorous pentachlo de or thionyl chloride, preferably phosphorous trichloride Suitable bases include pyndine, lutidme, dimethylaminopyπdine, triethylamme or N-methyl morphohne, preferably pyndine Suitable solvents include toluene, cyclohexane, benzene or xylene, preferably toluene Under some circumstances, when the combined reactants are a liquid, the reaction may be run neat The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 50°C to about 150°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 1 10°C for about 4 hours The compound of formula II is reacted with an aldehyde of the formula R2CHO in the presence of a catalyst and a dehydrating agent in a suitable solvent to form a compound of the formula I wherein the dashed line is double bond Suitable catalysts include zinc chloride, sodium acetate, aluminum chloride, tin chloride, or boron tπfluoride etherate, preferably zinc chloride or sodium acetate Suitable dehydrating agents include acetic anhydride, methane sulfonic anhydride, tnfluoroacetic anhydride or propionic anhydride, preferably acetic anhydride Suitable polar solvents include acetic acid, dioxane, dimethoxyethane or propionic acid The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is from about 60°C to about 100°C for about 30 minutes to about 24 hours, preferably at about 100°C for about 3 hours
Compounds of the formula I wherein the dashed line represents a single carbon- carbon bond may be prepared by hydrogenatmg the corresponding compounds wherein the dashed line represents a double carbon-carbon bond, using standard techniques that are well known to those skilled in the art For example, reduction of the double bond may be effected with hydrogen gas (H2), using catalysts such as palladium on carbon (Pd/C), palladium on barium sulfate (Pd/BaS04), platinum on carbon (Pt/C), or tπs(trιphenylphosphιne) rhodium chloride (Wilkinson's catalyst), in an appropriate solvent such as methanol, ethanol, THF, dioxane or ethyl acetate, at a pressure from about 1 to about 5 atmospheres and a temperature from about 10°C to about 60°C, as described in Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Synthesis, Paul Rylander, Academic Press Inc , San Diego, 1979, pp 31 -63 The following conditions are preferred Pd on carbon, ethyl acetate at 25°C and 15-20 psi of hydrogen gas pressure This method also provides for introduction of hydrogen isotopes (i e , deuterium, tritium) by replacing 1H2 with 2H2 or 3H2 in the above procedure
Compounds of the formula I can be separated into compounds of the formulae la and lb by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using a chiral HPLC column and eluting with an appropriate solvent One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that many types of instruments, columns and eluents can be used to separate the individual atropisomers Suitable HPLC instruments include LC SpiderLmg®, Waters 4000®, Hewlett Packard 1050® and Analytical Grade Thermo Separation Products HPLC Suitable HPLC's are configured according to methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art Such configuration invariably includes a pump, injection port and a detector Suitable chiral columns can be purchased prepackaged or can be packed by one of ordinary skill in the art Suitable chiral columns include chiral OA, OD, OG, AD and AS columns which can be purchased from Chiral Technologies Inc , 730 Spπngdale Drive, PO Box 564, Exton, PA 19341 One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that many other chiral columns, purchased from other vendors, would be adequate to separate the isomers of the invention The packing material can also be purchased in different bead sizes Suitable bead sizes for preparative separations are about 20 microns in diameter Suitable bead sizes for analytical separation are about 10 microns in diameter Compounds of formula la, wherein a basic group is present, can also be resolved by treatment with an enantiomeπcally pure acid in a suitable solvent to form separable diasteriomeπc salts Suitable enantiomeπcally pure acids include camphor sulphonic acid, tartanc acid (and derivatives thereof), mandelic acid and lactic acid Suitable solvents include alcohols, such as ethanol, methanol and butanol, toluene, cyclohexane, ether and acetone
Alternatively, a compound of the formula V can be converted to a compound of the formula II according to the methods described in Scheme 2 The compound of formula II, so formed, can be converted into a compound of formula I according to the methods of Scheme 1 Referring to Scheme 2, a compound of the formula V is reacted with a coupling reagent, an amme of the formula VIII, and a base in a reaction inert solvent to form a compound of the formula VI Examples of suitable coupling reagents which activate the carboxylic functionality are dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N-3- dimethylaminopropyl-N'-ethylcarbodiimide, 2-ethoxy-1 -ethoxycarbonyl- 1 ,2- dihydroqumoline (EEDQ), carbonyl diimidazole (CDI), and diethylphosphorylcyanide Suitable bases include dimethylammopyridine (DMAP), hydroxybenzot azole (HBT), or triethylamme, preferably dimethylammopyridine The coupling is conducted in an inert solvent, preferably an aprotic solvent Suitable solvents include acetonitrile, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, and dimethylformamide The preferred solvent is dichloromethane The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is generally from about -30 to about 80°C, preferably about 0 to about 25°C
The compound of formula VI is converted into a compound of the formula VII by reaction with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the presence of a base in a reaction inert solvent Suitable solvents include methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, preferably methylene chloride Suitable bases include tnalkylammes such as triethylamme and tπbutylamine, dimethylammopyridine and potassium carbonate, preferably triethylamme The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 0°C to about 35°C for about 1 hour to about 10 hours, preferably at about 30°C for about 3 hours The compound of formula VII is cyclized to a compound of formula II by reaction with t phenylphosphine, a base, and a dialkyl azodicarboxylate in a reaction inert solvent Suitable bases include pyndine, triethylamme and 4-dιmethylamιnopyrιdιne, preferably 4-dιmethylamιnopyrιdιne Suitable solvents include dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, preferably dioxane The temperature of the aforesaid reaction is in the range from about 25°C to about 125°C for about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably at about 100°C for about 8 to 15 hours The compound of formula II can be converted into a compound of formula I according to the method described in Scheme 1
Compounds of formula II can also be made according to the methods described in Miyashita, et al , Heterocvcles, 42, 2, 691-699 (1996)
In Scheme 3, the compound of formula II is converted to the corresponding compound of formula VIII by reacting II with a base, as lithium dnsopropylamide, in a polar aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran The solution is stirred at a temperature between about -100°C to about 0°C, preferably about -78°C, for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 1 hour, preferably about 30 minutes The anionic product so formed is reacted with with a tetrahydrofuran solution of an aldehyde of the formula R2CHO The solution of aldehyde can be added to the anion solution (normal addition) or the anion solution can be added to the solution of the aldehyde (inverse addition) While both methods can be used to produce compounds of formula VIII, inverse additional is preferred The resulting reaction mixture is stirred for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 1 hour, preferably about 30 minutes, at a temperature between about -100°C, preferably about -78°C, and then is allowed to warm to ambient temperature In reaction 2 of Scheme 3, the compound of formula VIII is converted to the corresponding compound of formula I by reacting VIII with a dehydrating agent, such as tnfluoroacetic anhydride, in dry reaction inert solvent, such as dioxane, toluene, diglyme or dichloroethane, preferably dioxane The reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature between about 0°C to about 50°C, preferably room temperature, for a time period between about 1 hour to about 14 hours, preferably about 12 hours
Compounds of the formula I wherein the dashed line represents a single carbon- carbon bond may be prepared by hydrogenatmg the corresponding compounds wherein the dashed line represents a double carbon-carbon bond, using standard techniques that are well known to those skilled in the art For example, reduction of the double bond may be effected with hydrogen gas (H2), using catalysts such as palladium on carbon (Pd/C), palladium on barium sulfate (Pd/BaS04), platinum on carbon (Pt/C), or tπs(trιphenylphosphιne) rhodium chloride (Wilkinson's catalyst), in an appropriate solvent such as methanol, ethanol, THF, dioxane or ethyl acetate, at a pressure from about 1 to about 5 atmospheres and a temperature from about 10°C to about 60°C, as described in Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Synthesis, Paul Rylander, Academic Press Inc , San Diego, 1979, pp 31-63 The following conditions are preferred Pd on carbon, ethyl acetate at 25°C and 15-20 psi of hydrogen gas pressure This method also provides for introduction of hydrogen isotopes (i e , deuterium, tritium) by replacing 1H2 with 2H2 or 3H2 in the above procedure
When R2 is heteroaryl, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyrιdιn-2-yl, 1 ,3-pyrazιn-4-yl, 1 ,4- pyrazιn-3-yl, 1 ,3-pyrazιn-2-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, 1 ,3-ιmιdazol-4-yl, 1 ,3-ιmιdazol-2-yl, 1 ,3,4- trιazol-2-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-4-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl, 1 ,3-thιazol-4-yl, 1 ,3-thιazol-2-yl 1 ,2,4- oxadιazol-3-yl, 1 ,2,4-oxadιazol-5-yl, fur-2-yl, 1 ,3-oxazol-5-yl, and 1 ,3,4-oxadιazol-2-yl, wherein said heteroaryl may optionally be substituted on any of the atoms capable of forming an additional bond, up to a maximum of three substituents Unless indicated otherwise, the pressure of each of the above reactions is not critical Generally, the reactions will be conducted at a pressure of about one to about three atmospheres, preferably at ambient pressure (about one atmosphere)
The compounds of the formula la which are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of different salts with various inorganic and organic acids Although such salts must be pharmaceutically acceptable for administration to animals, it is often desirable in practice to initially isolate a compound of the formula I from the reaction mixture as a pharmaceutically unacceptable salt and then simply convert the latter back to the free base compound by treatment with an alkaline reagent, and subsequently convert the free base to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt The acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are readily prepared by treating the base compound with a substantially equivalent amount of the chosen mineral or organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol Upon careful evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is obtained The acids which are used to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are those which form non-toxic acid addition salts, i e , salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as hydrochlonde, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, sulfate or bisulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, lactate, citrate or acid citrate, tartrate or bitartrate, succ ate, maleate, fumarate, gluconate, saccharate, benzoate, methanesulfonate and pamoate [i e , 1 ,1 '-methylene-bιs-(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate)] salts
Those compounds of the formula la which are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations Examples of such salts include the alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and particular, the sodium and potassium salts These salts are all prepared by conventional techniques The chemical bases which are used as reagents to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of this invention are those which form non-toxic base salts with the herein described acidic compounds of formula la These non-toxic base salts include those derived from such pharmacologically acceptable cations as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, etc These salts can easily be prepared by treating the corresponding acidic compounds with an aqueous solution containing the desired pharmacologically acceptable cations, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably under reduced pressure Alternatively, they may also be prepared by mixing lower alkano c solutions of the acidic compounds and the desired alkali metal alkoxide together, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in the same manner as before In either case, stoichiometric quantities of reagents are preferably employed in order to ensure completeness of reaction of maximum product of yields of the desired final product
The compounds of the formula la and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof (hereinafter, also referred to as "the active compounds of the invention") are useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative and CNS-trauma related conditions and are potent AMPA receptor agonists and antagonists The active compounds of the invention may therefore be used in the treatment or prevention of cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AIDS-mduced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, uπnary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia
The in vitro and in vivo activity of the compounds of the invention for AMPA receptor antagonism can be determined by methods available to one of ordinary skill in the art One method for determining the activity of the compounds of the invention is by inhibition of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-ιnduced seizures Another method for determining the activity of the compounds of the invention is by blockage of AMPA receptor activation-induced 45Ca2+ uptake
One specific method for determining inhibition of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)- induced seizures is as follows The activity of the compounds of the invention for inhibition of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-ιnduced seizures in mice can be determined according to the following procedure This assay examines the ability of compounds to block seizures and death produced by PTZ Measures taken are latency to dome and tonic seizures, and death ID50s are determined based on percent protection Male CD-1 mice from Charles River, weighing 14-16 g on arrival and 25-35 g at the time of testing, serve as subjects for these experiments Mice are housed 13 per cage under standard laboratory conditions on a L D/7 a m 7 p m lighting cycle for at least 7 days prior to experimentation Food and water are available ad libitum until the time of testing All compounds are administered in a volume of 10 ml/kg Drug vehicles will depend on compound solubility, but screening will typically be done using saline, distilled water, or E D S/5 5 90 (5% emulphor, 5% DMSO, and 90% saline) as the injection vehicle
Mice are administered the test compounds or vehicle (i p , s c , or p o ) and are placed into plexiglass cages in groups of five At a predetermined time after these injections, mice are given an injection of PTZ (i p , 120 mg/kg) and placed into individual plexiglass cages Measures taken during this five minute test period are (1 ) latency to dome seizures, (2) latency to tonic seizures, and (3) latency to death Treatment groups are compared to the vehicle-treated group by Kruskal-Wallis Anova and Mann-Whitney U tests (Statview) Percent protection is calculated for each group (number of subjects not showing seizure or death as indicated by a score of 300 sees) at each measure ID50's are determined by probit analysis (Biostat) Another method for determining the activity of the compounds is to determine the effect of the compounds on motor coordination in mice This activity can be determined according to the following procedure
Male CD-1 mice from Charles River, weighing 14-16 g on arrival and 23-35 g at the time of testing, serve as subjects for these experiments Mice are housed 13 per cage under standard laboratory conditions on a L D/7 a m 7 p m lighting cycle for at least 7 days prior to experimentation Food and water are available ad libitum until the time of testing
All compounds are administered in a volume of 10 ml/kg Drug vehicles will depend on compound solubility but screening will typically be done using saline distilled water, or E D S/5 5 90 (5% emulphor, 5% DMSO, and 90% saline) as the injection vehicle
The apparatus used in these studies consists of a group of five 13 34 x 13 34 cm wire mesh squares suspended on 11 43 cm steel poles connected to a 165 1 cm pole which is elevated 38 1 cm above the lab bench These wire mesh squares can be turned upside-down
Mice are administered test compounds or vehicle (i p , s c , or p o) and are placed into plexiglass cages in groups of five At a predetermined time after these injections, mice are placed on top of the wire mesh squares and flipped so that they are suspended upside-down During the one minute test, mice are rated 0 if they fall off the screen, m 1 if they hang on upside-down, or 2 if they climb up onto the top Treatment groups are compared to the vehicle-treated group with Kruskal-Walhs and Mann-Whitney U tests (Statview)
One specific method for determining AMPA receptor activation-induced 45Ca2+ uptake is described below
Neuronal primary cultures Primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons are prepared as described by Parks, T N , Artman, L D , Alasti, N , and Nemeth, E F , Modulation Of N-Methyl-D- Aspartate Receptor-Mediated Increases In Cytosohc Calcium In Cultured Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells. Brain Res 552. 13-22 (1991 ) According to this method, cerebella are removed from 8 day old CD rats, minced into 1 mm pieces and incubated for 15 minutes at 37°C in calcium-magnesium free Tyrode's solution containing 0 1 % trypsin The tissue is then triturated using a fine bore Pasteur pipette The cell suspension is plated onto poly-D-lysine coated 96-well tissue culture plates at 105 cells per well Medium consists of Minimal Essential Medium (MEM), with Earle's salts, 10% heat inactivated Fetal Bovine Serum, 2 mM L-glutamme, 21 mM glucose, Penicillin- Streptomycin (100 units per ml) and 25 mM KCI After 24 hours, the medium is replaced with fresh medium containing 10 μM cytosme arabinoside to inhibit cell division Cultures should be used at 6-8 DIV
AMPA receptor activation-induced 45Ca2+ uptake The effects of drugs on AMPA receptor activation-induced 45Ca2+ uptake can be examined in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures Cultures in 96 well plates are preincubated for approximately 3 hours in serum free medium and then for 10 minutes in a Mg2+-free balanced salt solution (in mM 120 NaCI, 5 KCI 0 33 NaH2P04 1 8 CaCI2, 22 0 glucose and 10 0 HEPES at pH 7 4) containing 0 5 mM DTT 10 uM glycine and drugs at 2X final concentration The reaction is started by rapid addition of an equal volume of the balanced salt solution containing 100 μM of the AMPA receptor agonist kainic acid and 45Ca2+ (final specific activity 250 Ci/mmol) After 10 minutes at 25°C the reaction is stopped by aspirating the 45Ca2+-contaιnιng solution and washing the cells 5X in an ice cold balanced salt solution containing no added calcium and 0 5 mM EDTA Cells are then lysed by overnight incubation in 0 1 % Trιton-X100 and radioactivity in the lysate is then determined All of the compounds of the invention, that were tested, had IC50s of less than 500 nM
The compositions of the present invention may be formulated in a conventional manner using one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers Thus, the active compounds of the invention may be formulated for oral, buccal, transdermal, intranasal, parenteral (e g , intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) or rectal administration or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation
For oral administration, the pharmaceutical compositions may take the form of, for example, tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (e_g_, pregelatimsed maize starch polyvinylpyrrohdone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) fillers (e g , lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium phosphate), lubricants (e g , magnesium stearate, talc or silica), dismtegrants (e g , potato starch or sodium starch glycollate), or wetting agents (e g , sodium lauryl sulphate) The tablets may be coated by methods well known in the art Liquid preparations for oral administration may take the form of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use Such liquid preparations may be prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents (e g , sorbitol syrup, methyl cellulose or hydrogenated edible fats), emulsifying agents (e g , lecithin or acacia), non-aqueous vehicles (e g , almond oil, oily esters or ethyl alcohol), and preservatives (e g , methyl or propyl p- hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid)
For buccal administration the composition may take the form of tablets or lozenges formulated in conventional manner For transdermal administration the composition may take the form of patches, creams ointments or iontophoresis formulated in conventional manner such as described in United States Patents 5,004,610 or 5,364,630 issued April 2, 1991 and November 15, 1994 respectively
The active compounds of the invention may be formulated for parenteral administration by injection, including using conventional catheterization techniques or infusion Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form, e_g_, in ampules or in multi-dose containers, with an added preservative The compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulating agents such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents Alternatively, the active ingredient may be in powder form for reconstitution with a suitable vehicle, e g , sterile pyrogen-free water, before use
The active compounds of the invention may also be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, e_g_, containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycendes For mtranasal administration or administration by inhalation, the active compounds of the invention are conveniently delivered in the form of a solution or suspension from a pump spray container that is squeezed or pumped by the patient or as an aerosol spray presentation from a pressurized container or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant, e g , dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide or other suitable gas In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit may be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount The pressurized container or nebulizer may contain a solution or suspension of the active compound Capsules and cartridges (made, for example, from gelatin) for use in an inhaler or insufflator may be formulated containing a powder mix of a compound of the invention and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch. A proposed dose of the active compounds of the invention for oral, parenteral or buccal administration to the average adult human for the treatment of the conditions referred to above (e.g., stroke) is 0.01 to 20 mg/kg of the active ingredient per unit dose which could be administered, for example, 1 to 4 times per day.
Aerosol formulations for treatment of the conditions referred to above (e.g., stroke) in the average adult human are preferably arranged so that each metered dose or "puff" of aerosol contains 20μg to 1000μg of the compound of the invention. The overall daily dose with an aerosol will be within the range 100 μg to 10 mg. Administration may be several times daily, for example 2, 3, 4 or 8 times, giving for example, 1 , 2 or 3 doses each time.
The following Examples illustrate the preparation of the compounds of the present invention. Commercial reagents were utilized without further purification. Melting points are uncorrected. All NMR data were recorded at 250, 300 or 400 MHz in deuterochloroform unless otherwise specified and are reported in parts per million (δ) and are referenced to the deuterium lock signal from the sample solvent. All non- aqueous reactions were carried out in dry glassware with dry solvents under an inert atmosphere for convenience and to maximize yields. All reactions were stirred with a magnetic stirring bar unless otherwise stated. Unless otherwise stated, all mass spectrum were performed using chemical impact conditions. Ambient or room temperature refers to 20-25 °C.
Example 1 (S)-6-FLUORO-3-(2-METHYL-PYRIDIN-3-YL)-2-r2- 2-METHYL-THIAZOL-4-YD- VINYL1-3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE MESYLATE AND (R)-6-FLUORO-3-(2-METHYL- PYRIDIN-3-YL)-2-r2- 2-METHYL-THIAZOL-4-YL NINYL1-3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE MESYLATE
Racemic 6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-vinyl]-3H- quinazolin-4-one (0.090 g) was dissolved in 0.1 % diethylamine/isopropanol (60 mL) (final concentration 1.5 mg/mL) and applied to a preparative HPLC column (5 x 50 cm Chiralcel AD) and eluted with 85/15/0.1 heptane/isopropanol/diethylamine at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. The eluent was monitored with ultraviolet detection at 265 nM. Two fractions were collected, the first component centered around an elution time of 60 min and the second around an elution time of 75 mm The total cycle time for the run was 90 mm The eluent from 4 cycles with elution time of 60 mm were combined and concentrated to give an oily tan solid The solid was triturated with ether/hexane to afford 0 175 g of tan powder This powder was nearly dissolved in magnetically stirred ethyl acetate (15 mL) and treated with 1 N methanesulfomc acid in ethyl acetate (0 462 mL, 0 462 mmol) A salt immediately began precipitating The mixture was stirred for 6 hours, at which time the product was collected, rinsed with ethyl acetate, and dried to afford 0 144 g of (+)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thιazol-4-yl)- vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one mesylate as a light yellow solid Melting point 145-146°C (The melted material equilibrated and resolidified
Continued heating resulted in a second melting range of 210-225°C ) The product also had NMR (methanold4) J 9 02 (dd, J = 1 5 6 Hz, 1 H), 8 69 (dd, J = 1 5, 8 3 Hz, 1 H), 8 17 (dd, J = 6, 8 2 Hz, 1 H), 8 01 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 7 92-7 85 (m, 2 H), 7 76 (s, 1 H), 7 72 (dt, J = 3, 8 7 Hz, 1 H), 6 58 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 2 68 (s, 3 H), 2 67 (s, 3 H), 2 63 (s, 3 H), [σ]D = + 18 9° (c = 0 18 in methanol)
The eluent from the same four cycles with elution time of 75 mm were concentrated and converted to mesylate salt in the same fashion to afford 0 144 g of (-)-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4- one mesylate as a light yellow solid which had [σ]D = - 18 3° (c = 0 175 in methanol) All other physical characteristics were identical to the atropisomer
Examples 2-7 Examples 2-7 were prepared according to methods analogous to those of Example 1
TABLE 1
Figure imgf000033_0001
Figure imgf000034_0001
Examples 8-9 All HPLC analytical separation experimental conditions described below were carried out with a Hewlett Packard model 1050 HPLC. The dimensions of the analytical columns were 4.6 mm x 25 cm and the stationary phase particle size was 10 micron. All samples were dissolved in methanol.
(S)-3-(2-CHLORO-PYRIDIN-3-YL)-6-FLUORO-2-r2-(FLUORO-PHENYL)-VINYL1-
3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE
Figure imgf000034_0002
(S)-6-FLUORO-3-(2-METHYL-PYRIDIN-3NL)-2-r2-(2-METHYL-THIAZOL-4-Yϋ- VINYL1-3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE
Figure imgf000035_0001
PREPARATION 1
3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-r2-(6-dιethylamιnomethylpyrιdιn-2-yl)-vιnyl-6-fluoro-3H- quιnozolιn-4-one
Method A 6-Fluoro-2-methylquιnoxalιn-4-one A solution of 12 95 g (70 0 mmol) of 2-nιtro-5-fluorobenzoιc acid in 200 mL of glacial acetic acid and 20 L of acetic anhydride was treated with 0 625 g of 10% palladium on carbon are reduced at an initial pressure of 54 5 psi Hydrogen uptake was complete after two hours The catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrate was heated at reflux for two hours at which time TLC (1 1 hexane/ethyl acetate) indicated that the reaction was complete The reaction mixture was evaporated to a semicrystalline mass which was broken up in a minimum amount of 2-propanol and stirred in an ice bath for one hour The crystalline solid was separated by filtration, washed with minimal cold 2-propanol and air dried to give 5 79 g (46%) of the desired product as a brown solid, m p 127 5 - 128 5 °C A synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-nιtrobenzoιc acid is described by Slothouwer, J H ,
Red Trav Chim Pays-Bas 33, 336 (1914) Method B 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-fluoro-2-methyl-4-(3H)-guιnazolιnone A solution of 2 50 g (14 0 mmol) of 6-fluoro-2-methylquιnoxalιn-4-one and 1 96 g (15 4 mmol) of 2-chloroanιlιne in about 20 mL of glacial acetic acid was heated at reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 6 hours Most of the solvent was evaporated from the cooled reaction mixture and the residues were taken up in ethanol and refrigerated After 6 days in the refrigerator the formed crystals were filtered off, washed with minimal cold ethanol and air dried to give 1 79 g (44%) of the product m p 137-138°C Method C
6-(2-[3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3,4-dιhvdroquιnazolιn-2-yl-vιnyl)pyrιdιne-2- carbaldehyde A catalytic amount (about 100 mg) of anhydrous zinc chloride was added to a solution of 576 mg (2 0 mmol) of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-fluoro-2-methyl-4(3H)- quinazolmone and 270 mg (2 0 mmol) of 2,6-pyπdιnedιcarboxaldehyde in 20-25 mL of dioxane and 1 0 mL of acetic anhydride The reaction mixture was heated at reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours until TLC indicated that the starting materials had been consumed The cooled reaction mixture was poured into water and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate The combined extracts were dried with brine and magnesium sulfate, treated with decolonizing carbon and filtered and the solvent was removed to give the desired product This was taken up in 2 1 ether/pentane and the crystals were filtered to give 266 mg of the product, 33%, m p 247-248°C
A synthesis of pyrιdιne-2,6-dιcarboxaldehyde is described by Papadopoulos, et al , J Org Chem 3 ., 615 (1966) Method D
3-(2-Chlorophenvπ-2-r2-(6-dιethylamιnomethylpyrιdιn-2-yl)-vιnyl-6-fluoro-3H- quιnozolιn-4-one
A solution of 65 mg (0 16 mmol) of 6-{2-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3,4- dιhydroquιnazolιn-2-yl)-vιnyl)pyrιdιne-2-carbaldehyde in 10 mL of methylene chloride at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere was treated with 3 drops of diethylamine and 73 mg (0 34 mmol) of sodium triacetoxyborohydπde After stirring for 2 1/2 hour at room temperature, the solvent was evaporated and the residues were partitioned between dilute hydrochloric acid and either and stirred for 30 minutes The ethereal layer was separated and the aqueous was extracted once again with ether the ethereal extracts were discarded The aqueous acidic solution was adjusted to a pH of about 14 with 10% sodium hydroxide (ice bath cooling) and was then extracted with ether twice The combined ethereal extracted were dried with brine and with magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated After one attempt to form a mesylate salt, the reworked free base in ethyl acetate was treated with 7 5 mg (0 06 mmol) of maleic acid dissolved in a little ethyl acetate Crystals formed from the resulting solutions which were filtered and washed with ethyl acetate to give 22 mg of the monomaleate salt, (24%), m p 170 5 - 171 5°C
Preparation 2-19 Preparations 2-19 were made according to methods analogous to those of Preparation 1
Figure imgf000037_0001
TABLE 1
Figure imgf000037_0002
Figure imgf000038_0001
Figure imgf000039_0001
Figure imgf000040_0001
Figure imgf000041_0001
Preparation 18
Figure imgf000042_0001
NMR (CDCI3) δ 2 44 (3H,s), 6 83 (1 H, D, J=13), 7 04 (1 H, d, J=10), 7 13 (1 H, d, J=10), 7 50 - 7 58 (3H, ), 7 78 - 7 84 (2H, m), 7 92 (1 H, m), 7 96 (1 H, d, J=10), 8 61 (1 H, m)
Preparation 19
Figure imgf000042_0002
NMR (CDCI3) δ 2 09 (3H, s), 6 45 (1 H, d, J=15), 7 03 - 7 18 (3H, m), 7 31 -
7 40 (2H, m), 7 75 (2H, s), 8 14 (1 H, d, J=15), 8 22 - 8 71 (3H, m) PREPARATION 20 6-FLUORO-3-(2-METHYL-PYRIDIN-3-YL)-2-r2-(2-METHYL-THIAZOL-4-YL)- VINYL1-3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE AND ITS MESYLATE SALT Anhydrous zinc chloride (2 7 g, 20 mmol) was fused with a nitrogen purge in a round bottom flask with an open flame The reaction vessel was allowed to return to ambient temperature, then dioxane (150 mL) was added To this mixture was added 6-fluoro-2-methyl-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one (2 6 g, 10 mmol), acetic anhydnde (2 8 mL, 30 mmol), and 2-methylthιazole-4-carboxaldehyde (3 7 g, 30 mmol)
The reaction was refluxed for 2 hours, then cooled to ambient temperature, and diluted with water Sodium carbonate was added until the mixture was basic Once the mixture was basic it was repeatedly extracted with chloroform The combined chloroform layers were washed with water and brine and finally dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to leave a dark residue This residue was treated with methanol and concentrated (effectively azeotrop g any residual chloroform from the residue) This process was repeated until a brown solid was formed The solid was triturated with ether (twice), filtered and dried to afford 3 1 g (82%) of 6-fluoro-3-(2- methyl-pyπdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one as tan solid
Melting Point 223-224°C NMR δ 8 70 (dd, J = 1 5, 5 Hz, 1 H), 7 90 (dd partially obscurred, J = 3 Hz, 1 H), 7 89 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 7 78 (dd, J = 5, 9 Hz, 1 H),
7 54 (m, 2 H), 7 39 (dd, J = 5, 8 Hz, 1 H), 7 23 (s, 1 H), 6 57 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 2 61 (s, 3 H), 2 36 (s, 3 H) Analysis calculated for C20H15FN4OS 0 5 H20 C, 62 06, H, 4 13, N, 14 58 Found C, 62 39, H, 3 96, N, 14 33
A sample was dissolved in ethyl acetate and treated with 1 N methanesulfo c acid in ethyl acetate to form the mesylate salt The precipitate was collected, rinsed with ethyl acetate and dried to afford 6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl- thιazol-4-yl)-vιnyl]-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one mesylate as a light yellow solid Melting point 230-231 °C NMR (methanold4) δ 9 01 (dd, J = 1 2, 5 8 Hz, 1 H),
8 65 (dd, J = 1 3, 8 2 Hz, 1 H), 8 15 (dd, J = 5 9, 8 2 Hz, 1 H), 8 00 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 7 88 (sym m, 2 H), 7 71 (m, 2 H), 6 56 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1 H), 2 68 (s, 3 H), 2 65 (s, 3 H), 2 62 (s, 3 H) Analysis calculated for C20H15FN4OS CH3S03H 0 75 H20 C, 51 69, H, 4 20, N, 1 1 48 Found C, 51 80, H, 4 18, N, 1 1 35 PREPARATION 21
The compounds in table 1 were made by essentially the same procedures as exemplified by preparation 64
Figure imgf000043_0001
Figure imgf000044_0001
Figure imgf000045_0001
Preparation 27 2-DIMETHYLAMINOMETHYLTHIAZOLE-4-CARBOXALDEHYDE To a slurry of 2-dimethylaminothioacetamide hydrochloride (7.7 g, 50 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was added ethyl bromopyruvate (6.3 mL). The mixture was refluxed 6 h and then cooled to room temperature More ethyl bromopyruvate (3 2 mL for a total of 75 mmol) was added and the reaction was refluxed 2 5 h more The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated at reduced pressure The residue was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate and brought to pH 10 with addition of solid potassium carbonate The phases were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic phase was washed with water and brine, then it was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford an amber oil This oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (120 g) Elution proceeded as follows 2% methanol / chloroform ,200 mL, forerun, 10% methanol / chloroform, 75 mL, nil, 750 mL, 10 7 g (100%) of ethyl 2-dιmethylamιnomethylthιazole- 4-carboxylate as a clear yellow oil which had NMR δ 8 07 (d, J = 1 4 Hz, 1 H), 4 32 (q, J = 7 Hz, 2 H) 3 73 (s 2 H) 2 28 (s 6 H), 1 31 (t, J = 7 Hz, 3 H) The material was suitable for use without further purification
To a mixture of lithium aluminum hydride (4 5 g, 1 19 mmol) in ice cold tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was added ethyl2-dιmethylamιnomethylthιazole-4-carboxylate (8 5 g, 39 7 mmol in 40 mL of tetrahydrofuran) dropwise over 40 mm maintaining an internal temperature of 5-10°C The mixture was stirred at this temperature range for 90 mm The reaction was carefully quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (30 mL) The resulting gray slurry was stirred 15 m and filtered through celite The pad was well washed with ethyl acetate The filtrate was washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate Concentration of this organic solution gave 4 2 g (62%) of 2-dιmethylamιnomethyl-4-hydroxymethylthιazole as an amber oil which had NMR (5 7 12 (s, 1 H), 4 71 (s, 2 H), 3 73 (s, 2 H), 2 50 (br s, 1 H), 2 32 (s, 6 H) The material was used without further purification Asolution of 2-dιmethylamιnomethyl-4-hydroxymethylthιazole (4 2 g, 27 3 mmol) in methylene chloride (200 mL) was treated with Dess-Martin reagent (14 5 g, 34 1 mmol) The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature 24 h Additional Dess-Martin reagent (2 9 g) was added and the mixture was stirred 4 h more The reaction was quenched by addition of saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate (100 mL) and the pH of the resulting mixture was adjusted to10 by addition of solid potassium carbonate The two phase mixture was filtered The phases were separated from the filtrate and the aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to afford a yellow solid This solid was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (50 x 130 mm) eluting first with chloroform (200 mL) and then 2% methanol / chloroform collecting 25 mL fractions Fractions 51-80 were combined and concentrated to leave 2 9 g of a milky yellow oil This oil was triturated with 50% ethereal chloroform and a solid was removed by filtration The filtrate was concentrated to yield 2 6 g (62%) of 2-dιmethylamιnomethyl- thιazole-4-carboxaldehyde as a yellow oil which had NMR δ 9 95 (s, 1 H), 8 14 (s, 1 H), 3 81 (s, 2 H), 2 36 (s, 6 H) This product was used without further purification
Preparation 28 2-METHYLOXAZOLE-4-CARBOXALDEHYDE Ethyl 2-methyloxaxolιne-4-carboxylate was prepared according to the published procedure (Heterocycles 1976, 4, 1688)
To an ambient temperature solution of ethyl 2-methyloxaxolιne-4-carboxylate (6 28 g, 40 mmol) in benzene (300 mL) was added copper (I) bromide (6 31 g, 44 mmol) and then copper (II) acetate (7 99 g, 44 mmol) To this mixture was added tertiary butyl perbenzoate (1 1 4 mL, 60 mmol) dropwise over 15 mm and the reaction warmed slightly to the touch The black mixture was refluxed 24 h, cooled to ambient temperature and filtered through a celite pad (ether rinse) The filtrate was washed with aqueous ammonium chloride, water and brine, then it was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated The tan residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (80 g) eluting with 40% ethyl acetate / hexane After a 100 mL forerun, 20 mL fractions were collected Fractions 1 1-22 were collected and concentrated to afford 4 27 g (69%) of ethyl 2-methyloxazole-4-carboxylate as a yellow oil which had NMR d 8 04 (s, 1 H), 4 32 (q, J = 7 Hz, 2 H), 2 46 (s, 3 H), 1 33 (t, J = 7 Hz, 3 H) This material was used without further purification A solution of ethyl 2-methyloxazole-4-carboxylate (0 31 g, 2 0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was chilled to -65°C and dnsobutylaluminum hydride (4 1 mL of a 1 N solution in toluene, 4 1 mmol) was added dropwise over 15 mm The solution was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stir 15 mm The reaction was chilled to 5°C and carefully quenched by addition of methanol (2 mL) The reaction mixture was returned to ambient temperature and water (0 18 mL) was added followed by sodium fluoride 1 68 g) This mixture was stirred 30 m , then dried with magnesium sulfate and filtered The filtrate was concentrated and azeotroped with chloroform to afford 0 215 g (96%) of 4-hydroxymethyl-2-methyloxazole as a pale oil which had NMR δ 7 45 (s, 1 H), 4 52 (d, J = 6 Hz, 2 H), 3 41 (br s, 1 H), 2 42 (s, 3 H)
A solution of 4-hydroxymethyl-2-methyloxazole (0 79 g, 6 99 mmol) in methylene chloride (25 mL) was treated with Dess-Martin reagent (8 9 g, 20 97 mmol) and stirred 24 h The reaction was quenched by addition of saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate and stirred 30 mm The mixture was filtered The filtrate was repeatedly extracted with methylene chloride The combined organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous bicarbonate (twice), water and brine The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to a oily white solid This residue was triturated with ether and filtered The filtrate was concentrated to afford 0 541 g (69%) of 2-methyloxazole-4- carboxaldehyde as a light yellow solid which had NMR d 9 88 (s, 1 H), 8 15 (s, 1 H), 2 52 (s 3 H)
PREPARATION 29
The compounds in table 1 were made by essentially the same procedures as exemplified by Preparation 28
Figure imgf000048_0001
Figure imgf000049_0001
Figure imgf000050_0001
Preparation 34 6-FLUORO-3-(2-METHYL-PYRIDIN-3-YL)-2-r2-(2-METHYL-THIAZOL-4-YL)- ETHYL1-3H-QUINAZOLIN-4-ONE
To a slurry of 10% palladium on carbon (0.15 g) in methanol(12mL) were added 6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-vinyl]-3H-quinazolin-4-one (0.075 g, 0.198 mmol) and ammonium formate (1.2 g, 19 mmol). The mixture was refluxed overnight, cooled and filtered through celite. The pad was washed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated. The residue was partitioned between chloroform and water. The phases were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with chloroform. The combined organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to afford 0.035 g (47%) of 6- fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-[2-(2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-3H-quinazolin-4-one as a white solid.
Melting point 151 -153°C; NMR δ 8.62 (dd, J = 1 .5, 5 Hz, 1 h), 7.86 (dd, J = 3, 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (dd, J = 5, 9 Hz, 1 H), 7.49 (dt, J = 3, 8 Hz, 1 h), 7.41 (dd, J = 1.5, 8 Hz, 1 H), 7.30 (dd, J = 5, 8 Hz, 1 H), 6.70 (s, 1 H), 3.19 (sym m, 2 H), 2.67 (m, 2 H), 2.59 (s, 3 H), 2.28 (s, 3 H).

Claims

An atropisomer of the formula
Figure imgf000051_0001
l a wherein each of "A, B and D" is nitrogen or -CH-, with the proviso that only one of "A", "B" and "D" can be nitrogen, wherein n is an integer from one to four and wherein each R5 is a substituent on any carbon atom of the "A, B, D" ring capable of supporting an additional bond, with the proviso that one R5 must be attached to a carbon atom ortho to the asterisked carbon of the ring; wherein each R5 may be independently selected from the group consisting of (C1-C6)alkyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, amιno-(CH2)m-,
Figure imgf000051_0002
di(CrC6)alkyl-amιno- (CH2)m-, (C C6)alkoxy, hydroxy(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, -CN, hydroxy-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C1-C6)alkyl-O-(0=C)-O-(C1-
C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)-0-, H-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-(CH2)m-, HO- (C=0)-, (C C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, NH2-(C=O)-(CH2)m-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C=O)- (CH2)m-, and dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-(CH2)m-, and wherein m is an integer from zero to four,
R2 is a phenyl group of the formula Ph2 or a five or six membered heterocycle, wherein said 6-membered heterocycle has the formula -SO-
Figure imgf000052_0001
wherein "N" is nitrogen; wherein said ring positions "K", "L" and "M" may be independently selected from carbon and nitrogen, with the proviso that i) only one of "K", "L" and "M" can be nitrogen and ii) when "K", "L" or "M" is nitrogen, then its respective R15, R16 or R17 is absent; wherein said five membered heterocycle has the formula
Figure imgf000052_0002
wherein said "T" is -CH-, N, NH, O or S; wherein said ring positions "P" and "Q" may be independently selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; with the proviso that only one of "P," "Q" or "T" can be oxygen or sulfur and at least one of "P", "Q" or "T" must be a heteroatom; wherein said Ph2 is a group of the formula
Figure imgf000052_0003
R3 is hydrogen, halo, -CN, -N02, CF3, (C C6)alkyl or (C C6)alkoxy;
R9 is hydrogen, halo, CF3, (C C6)alkyi optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (CrC6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C C6)alkylthiol, amino-(CH2)s-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)S-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)s-, (C3- C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)s-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, (C1-C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)-(CH2)s-I di(C C6)alkyl-N-(C=O)-(CH2)s-, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, R130-(CH2)s-, R130- (C=O)-(CH2)8-, H(0=C)-NH-(CH2)s-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(O=C)-NH-(CH2)s-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(0=C)-
N-(CH2)S-, H(O=C)-N-(CH2)s-, H-(C=0)-(CH2)s-, (C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-I hydroxy, hydroxy- I I
(C.-Cyalkyl (CrC6)alkyl
(C C6)alkyl-, (C1-C6)alkyl-O-(C1-C6)alkyl-l or -CN;
R10 is hydrogen or halo;
R11 and R14 are selected, independently, from hydrogen, halo, CF3, (C,-C6)alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (CrC6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C,-C6)alkylthiol, amino-(CH2)p-, (C,-
C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, amino-(C
C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)P-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1- C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(Cl-C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (Cr
I (C1-C6)alkyl
C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)-(CH2)p-1 di(C C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-(CH2)p, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)-
(CH2)p-, R130-(CH2)p-, R130-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, H(O=C)-O-, H(O=C)-O-(CrC6)alkyl-, H(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, (CrC6)alkyl-(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, -CHO, H-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (CrC6) alkyl-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(0=C)-N-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-N-(CH2)p-, HO-(C C6)alkyl-N-
(C1-C6)alkyl (C C6)alkyl (C1-C6)alkyl
(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, amino-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=O)-O-(CH2)p-I (Cr C6)alkyl-NH-(CrC6)alkyl-(C=0)-0- (CH2)p-, di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-l amino-(C1-C6)alkyl-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-I (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-O-(C=O)-(CH2)p-l di(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, hydroxy, hydroxy-(C C6)alkyl-, hydroxy- (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-,-CN,piperidine-(CH2)p-,pyrrolidine- (CH2)p-, and 3-pyrroline-(CH2)p-, wherein said pipehdine, pyrrolidine and 3-pyrroline moieties of said piperidine-(CH2)p-, pyrrolidine-(CH2)p- and 3-pyrroline-(CH2)p- groups may optionally be substituted on any of the ring carbon atoms capable of supporting an additional bond, preferably zero to two substituents, with a substituent independently selected from halo, CF3, (C C6)alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C C6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, (C,- C6)alkylthiol, amino-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (C3- C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, amιno-(CrC6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(C C6)alkyl- NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, dι(C,
-C6)alkyl-N-(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, H2N-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-HN-(C=0)- I
(C.-C^alkyl
(CH2)p-, dι(CrC6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-(CH2)p, (C3-C7)cycloalkyl-NH-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, R 30-
(CH2)p-, R130-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-O-, H(0=C)-0-(C1-C6)alkyl-, H(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-,
(CrC6)alkyl-(0=C)-NH-(CH2)p-, -CHO, H-(C=0)-(CH2)p-, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-, (Cr C6)alkyl-(O=C)-N-(CH2)p-, H(0=C)-N-(CH2)p-, HO-(CrC6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, (CrC6)alkyl-
I I I
(C1-C6)alkyl (C C6)alkyl (C C6)alkyl
(C=O)-0-NH-(CH2)p-, amιno-(C1-C6)alkyl-(C=0)-O-(CH2)p-, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(C1-C6)alkyl-
(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, di(CrC6)alkyl-N-(C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-0-(CH2)p-, hydroxy, hydroxy-(C Cyalkyl-, hydroxy-(CrC6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, and -CN,
R12 is hydrogen, -CN or halo,
R13 is hydrogen, (C C6)alkyl, (C C6)alkyl-(C=0)-, (CrC6)alkyl-0-(C=0)-, (C
C6)alkyl-NH(C1-C6)alkyl, dι(C1-C6)-alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(C=0)-, ordι(C
C6)alkyl-N-(C=0)-, R15 is hydrogen, -CN, (C1-C6)alkyl, halo, CF3, -CHO or (C C6)alkoxy,
R16 is hydrogen, -CN, (C C6)alkyl, halo, CF3, -CHO or (CrC6)alkoxy,
R17 is hydrogen, -CN, (C C6)alkyl, amιno-(C C6)alkyl-, (CrC6)alkyl-NH-(C
C6)alkyl-, dι(C1-C6)alkyl-N-(C1-C6)alkyl-, halo, CF3, -CHO or (C1-C6)alkoxy, each p is independently an integer from zero to 4, s is an integer from zero to 4, wherein the dashed bond represented an optional double bond, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds
2 A compound according to claim 1 wherein R3 is hydrogen, halo or (Cr
C6)alkyl 3 A compound according to claim 1 wherein "B" is nitrogen, "A" and "D" are carbon and R5 is hydrogen, halo, -CN, CF3, or (C1-C6)alkyl
4 A compound according to claim 1 wherein R5 is chloro or methyl
5 A compound according to claim 3 wherein n is one and R5 is a substituent ortho to the asterisked carbon
6. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is Ph2 and R9 is fluoro, chloro, -CN or hydroxy; or R10 is -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C1-C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)P-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, or cyano.
7. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R2 is Ph2 and R9 is fluoro, chloro, -CN or hydroxy; or R10 is -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, or cyano.
8. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is heteroaryl and said heteroaryl is either an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon, or "K" and "L" are carbon and "M" is nitrogen, or said heteroaryl is an optionally substituted five membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon, or "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is nitrogen or sulfur and "P" is carbon or "T" is oxygen and "P" and "Q" are each carbon.
9. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R2 is heteroaryl and said heteroaryl is either an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon, or "K" and "L" are carbon and "M" is nitrogen, or said heteroaryl is an optionally substituted five membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon, or "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is nitrogen or sulfur and "P" is carbon or "T" is oxygen and "P" and "Q" are each carbon.
10. A compound according to claim 3 wherein R2 is heteroaryl and said heteroaryl is either an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon, or "K" and "L" are carbon and "M" is nitrogen, or said heteroaryl is an optionally substituted five membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon, or "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is nitrogen or sulfur and "P" is carbon or "T" is oxygen and "P" and "Q" are each carbon. 11. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon; R14 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, di(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, or cyano; R17 is hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(C C6)alkyl, di(C C6)alkyl-N- (C C6)alkyl, or cyano; or R15 or R16 are independently hydrogen, -CHO, chloro, fluoro, methyl, pyrrolidine-(CH2)p- or cyano.
12. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is an optionally substituted six-membered heterocycle wherein "K", "L" and "M" are carbon; and R14 is hydrogen, -CHO, methyl, (C C6)alkyl-NH-(CH2)p-, dι(C C6)alkyl-N-(CH2)p-, pyrrolιdιne-(CH2)p- or cyano
13 A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is an optionally substituted five-membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen, "P" is sulfur and "Q" is carbon, and R 4, R15 or R16 are each independently hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano
14 A compound according to claim 1 wherein R2 is an optionally substituted five-membered heterocycle wherein "T" is nitrogen or sulfur, "Q" is sulfur or nitrogen and "P" is carbon, and R14 or R15 are independently hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl or cyano 15 A compound according to claim 1 wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of
(S)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-vιnyl]-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4- one,
(S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydro-quιnazolιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-benzonιtrιle,
(S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methylpyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydroquιnazolιn-2-yl]-vιnyl}- benzonitπle,
(S)-2-{2-[3-(2-chloro-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydroquιnazol-ιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-benzonιtrιle, (S)-2-{2-[6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl-pyrιdιn-3-yl)-4-oxo-3,4-dιhydro-quιnazolιn-2-yl]- vιnyl}-4-methyl-benzonιtπle,
(S)-2-[2-(5-dιethylamιnomethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-vιnyl]-6-fluoro-3-(2-methyl- pyrιdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one,
(S)-6-fluoro-2-[2-(2-fluoro-5 -pyrrolιdιn-1 -ylmethyl-phenyl)-vιnyl]-3-(2-methyl- pyrιdιn-3-yl)-3H-quιnazolιn-4-one,
16 A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising an amount of a compound according to claim 1 effective in treating or preventing such condition and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
17 A method for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AIDS-mduced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising administering to a mammal requiring such treatment or prevention an amount of a compound according to claim 1 effective in treating or preventing such condition
18 A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AlDS-induced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising an AMPA receptor antagonizmg effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
19 A method for treating or preventing a condition selected from cerebral deficits subsequent to cardiac bypass surgery and grafting, stroke, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord trauma, head trauma, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntmgton's Chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, AIDS-mduced dementia, perinatal hypoxia, hypoxia (such as conditions caused by strangulation, surgery, smoke inhalation, asphyxiation, drowning, choking, electrocution or drug or alcohol overdose), cardiac arrest, hypoglycemic neuronal damage, opiate tolerance, addiction withdrawal (such as alcoholism and drug addiction including opiate, cocaine and nicotine addiction), idiopathic and drug induced Parkinson's Disease and brain edema, and muscular spasms, migraine headaches, urinary incontinence, psychosis, convulsions, chronic or acute pain, ocular damage, retmopathy, retinal neuropathy, tinnitus, anxiety, emesis and tardive dyskinesia, in a mammal, comprising administering to a mammal requiring such treatment or prevention an AMPA receptor antagonizing effective amount of a compound according to claim 1
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US6323208B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2001-11-27 Pfizer Inc Atropisomers of 2,3-disubstituted-(5.6)-heteroaryl fused-pyrimidin-4-ones
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US8513268B2 (en) 2005-04-11 2013-08-20 Novartis Ag 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones processes for their production, pharmaceutical compositions, and treatment for epilepsy
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US11807621B2 (en) 2020-01-29 2023-11-07 Kamari Pharma Ltd. Compounds and compositions for use in treating skin disorders

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