CN1226751C - 核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管 - Google Patents

核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管 Download PDF

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CN1226751C
CN1226751C CNB011030925A CN01103092A CN1226751C CN 1226751 C CN1226751 C CN 1226751C CN B011030925 A CNB011030925 A CN B011030925A CN 01103092 A CN01103092 A CN 01103092A CN 1226751 C CN1226751 C CN 1226751C
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CN1516201A (zh
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J-P·马东
J·瑟沃纳特
D·查奎思特
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Areva NP SAS
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Compagnie Europeenne du Zirconium Cezus SA
Framatome ANP SAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/02Fuel elements
    • G21C3/04Constructional details
    • G21C3/06Casings; Jackets
    • G21C3/07Casings; Jackets characterised by their material, e.g. alloys
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及以压水冷却和减速的核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管,该管用充分再结晶态的、含50-250ppm铁、0.8-1.3%(重量)铌。1000-1600ppm氧、小于200ppm碳、小于120ppm硅,余量为锆及不可避免的杂质的锆基合金锭坯通过包括在挤压后不超过620℃温度的热处理的方法制成。

Description

核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管
本发明涉及用于构成核燃料棒壳的全部或外部,或一种导管的锆基合金管。本发明主要的,尽管不是唯一的用途在于制造用于压水反应堆的燃料棒的壳管的领域。
迄今为止,一直采用特别是由所谓的“Zircaloy4”锆基合金制造的壳管且该锆基合金含下列组分(重量%):
1.20-1.70%锡
0.18-0.24%铁
0.07-0.13%铬
其中铁加铬总量在0.28-0.37%的范围内。通常,铁和铬含量之比在1.38-3.42的范围内。
通常,“Zircaloy4”氧含量不超过0.16%,一般它是非常小的。
Zircaloy4壳管的机械强度是令人满意的,但在高温下压水对它的腐蚀使其寿命不能为反应堆接受。
已推荐用含约2.5%铌的Zr-Nb合金制造壳管(US-A-4,717,534),已发现该合金在高温含水介质中有良好的耐腐蚀性。不幸的是该合金的热蠕变性能很差。通过加入范围为0.10-0.16%(重量)的氧及使该壳管经最终的再结晶热处理可改进热蠕变性。尽管如此,这类合金的热蠕变性能仍劣于其它的壳管材料。
本发明特别试图提供一种制造壳管的方法,该管可能同时达到在高温含水介质中良好的耐腐蚀性能和令人满意的高温蠕变性,该方法容易实施而不含有高产品率。
为此,本发明特别提供一种制造锆基合金管的方法,该合金还含50-250ppm的铁,0.8-1.3%(重量)的铌,小于1600ppm的氧,小于200ppm的碳,小于120ppm的硅,该方法包括:
将热锭(如由锻造或轧制)变形以得到一个棒;
将该棒于电炉或感应炉中加热到1000-1200℃之间后再于水中急冷;
在加热到600-800℃的温度范围后挤压成中空的坯锭;
将该坯锭在560-620℃温度下任选地进行热处理;以及
为减少管厚进行至少4次冷轧,其中进行中间热处理和温度范围为560-620℃的最终热处理,全部热处理都是在惰性气氛或真空中完成的。
用此法制造的管在其用作壳管或导管前无须再作可能改变其金相组织的热处理。尽管如此,它还要接受表面处理,而且对其进行检验。表面处理特别是可包括喷砂、化学酸洗,接着是洗涤。表面处理可以循环转动的带子或轮抛光来完成。检测按常规方法进行。
重要的是铁含量不超过250ppm。出乎意料地观察到,当铁含量超过250ppm时高温蠕变性能急剧下降。实际上,范围为100-200ppm的铁含量可得到良好的耐蠕变结果。唯一的图示出了试验结果,该结果示出了在壳管所经受的典型条件下,对含1%铌的合金在不同铁含量时得到的直径的变形。
挤压后避免使合金经受在大于620℃的温度下的任何的热处理。超过此温度的热处理大大地降低耐热腐蚀性能,这如以下的腐蚀试验结果所示,该结果是在500℃水蒸汽的高压釜中对含1%的铌的锆合金进行均匀的腐蚀试验而得到的。
实施例1
·中间处理:于580℃,2小时。
·最终处理:于580℃,2小时。
实施例2
·中间处理:于700℃,2小时。
·最终处理:于580℃,2小时。
实施例3
·中间处理:于700℃,2小时。
·最终处理:于700℃,2小时。
在热高压试验中得到的质量增量如下:
·实施例1:——48mmg/dm2
·实施例2:——57mg/dm2
·实施例3:——63mg/dm2
在三个实施例中的试样的铁含量均为150ppm。
所观察到的是,该合金呈现一种记忆现象,如在第一道次后施于该合金的高于620℃的单一处理的效应永远不会完全忘记。
一般来说,中间热处理应在范围为565-605℃的参考温度下进行,已发现高于580℃的中间热处理温度和约580℃的最终处理温度对大多数的成分是特别令人满意的。
管子可用挤压的坯锭制成,特别是通过进行4或5个被范围为560-620℃的,更有利的是接近620℃的热处理隔开的道次制成。
已发现约1200ppm的氧含量对于在再结晶合金中获得有利的抗蠕变效果是令人满意的。
本发明还提供一种用于以压水冷却和减速的核反应堆的燃料组件的壳管和导管,该管是用完全再结晶态的,除不可避免的杂质外含50-250ppm铁、0.8-1.3%(重量)铌、1000-1600ppm氧、小于200ppm碳、小于120ppm硅、余量为锆的锆基合金制成的。
当检验以这种方法制成的合金时,可以看到没有βZr析出物的排列,从腐蚀的观点看这种排列是有害的。
用铌含量范围为0.86-1.3%,铁含量范围为100-150ppm的合金进行对比试验。
以直经为177mm的锻造棒开始的代表性的制造范围如下:
·于1050℃加热1小时后在水中急冷;
·加工成外径168mm,内径48mm的坯料;
·感应加热到650℃后挤压以得到80mm的外径和48mm的内径;
·以5个周期,包括580℃,2小时的中间热处理轧制管;以及
·于580℃,2小时的最终热处理
试验表明,所产生的代表高压水反应堆条件的高温含水介质中的耐腐蚀性可与含高铌含量的已知Zr-Nb合金相比;试验还表明,热蠕变强度比已知合金好得多,而且可与最好的“Zircaloy4”合金相比;这样,在130MPa下,400℃,240小时后;测得了以下的蠕变直径变形:
·Zr:1%Nb,150pp Fe,再结晶:0.5;
·从蠕变的观点优选组分的再结晶“Zircaloy4”:≤1.0%。

Claims (1)

1.以压水冷却和减速的核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管,该管用充分再结晶态的、含50-250ppm铁、0.8-1.3重量%铌、1000-1600ppm氧、小于200ppm碳、小于120ppm硅,余量为锆及不可避免的杂质的锆基合金锭坯通过包括在挤压后不超过620℃温度的热处理的方法制成。
CNB011030925A 1994-12-29 1995-12-29 核反应堆燃料组件的壳管或导管 Expired - Lifetime CN1226751C (zh)

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FR9415874A FR2729000A1 (fr) 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 Procede de fabrication d'un tube pour assemblage de combustible nucleaire et tubes conformes a ceux ainsi obtenus
FR9415874 1994-12-29

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FR2729000B1 (zh) 1997-03-07
DE29521748U1 (de) 1998-06-10
CN1079118C (zh) 2002-02-13
FR2729000A1 (fr) 1996-07-05
KR960025810A (ko) 1996-07-20
EP0720177A1 (fr) 1996-07-03
JPH08239740A (ja) 1996-09-17
TW311227B (zh) 1997-07-21
ZA9511004B (en) 1997-06-30
EP0720177B1 (fr) 1998-04-15
CN1135534A (zh) 1996-11-13
US5648995A (en) 1997-07-15
JP4018169B2 (ja) 2007-12-05
DE69502081T2 (de) 1998-08-06
DE69502081D1 (de) 1998-05-20
CN1516201A (zh) 2004-07-28
ES2114284T3 (es) 1998-05-16
KR100364093B1 (ko) 2003-02-11
RU2155997C2 (ru) 2000-09-10

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