CN1219865A - 含水珠光浓缩物 - Google Patents
含水珠光浓缩物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1219865A CN1219865A CN97194997A CN97194997A CN1219865A CN 1219865 A CN1219865 A CN 1219865A CN 97194997 A CN97194997 A CN 97194997A CN 97194997 A CN97194997 A CN 97194997A CN 1219865 A CN1219865 A CN 1219865A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- ester
- alcohol
- weight
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 4
- -1 non-ionic Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 5
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
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- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
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- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000007860 aryl ester derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 5
- DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-FMOSSLLZSA-N Betanin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC(C(=C1)O)=CC(C[C@H]2C([O-])=O)=C1[N+]2=C\C=C\1C=C(C(O)=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)C/1 DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-FMOSSLLZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-MVUYWVKGSA-N Betanin Natural products O=C(O)[C@@H]1NC(C(=O)O)=C/C(=C\C=[N+]/2\[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])Cc3c\2cc(O)c(O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c3)/C1 DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-MVUYWVKGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001654 beetroot red Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 235000002185 betanin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Natural products NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaminoacetic acid Natural products C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及新型珠光浓缩物水溶液,按无水组分计,含有(a)1—99.1%(重量)多元羧酸,必要时是羟基官能化的羧酸与具有6—22个碳原子脂肪醇的酯;(b)0.1—90%(重量)阴离子的、非离子的、阳离子的、两性的和/或两性离子的乳化剂以及(c)0—40%(重量)多元醇,条件是各组分含量之和为100%(重量)。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及含有多元羧酸或羟基羧酸的酯,乳化剂和必要时含有多元醇的含水珠光浓缩物,它们的制备方法,使用浓缩物制备珠光表面活性制剂的制备方法以及使用多元羧酸和羟基羧酸的酯作为珠光蜡的应用。
现有技术
几百年来,珍珠的柔和闪光的光泽给人以特殊的魅力。因此,化妆品制剂的制造商们研制产品,要使之具有吸引人、高贵和富丽的外观并不奇怪。在中世纪用于化妆品的第一个珠光剂是由天然鱼鳞制成的珠光膏。在本世纪初,发现氧氯化铋在这种情况下同样会产生珠光。与此相反,现代的化妆品主要使用珠光蜡,尤其是乙二醇单脂肪酸酯和乙二醇二脂肪酸酯,它们主要在洗发香波和浴液中产生珠光。参见A.Ansmann和R.Kawa在《珠光化妆品》中发表的“现代珠光制剂概况”75,578(1994)。
现有技术中有许多制剂能提供具有所期望珠光的表面活性剂。例如,两篇德国专利申请DE-A13843572和DE-A14103551(Henkel)公开了流动性水分散液形式的珠光浓缩物,它含有15-40%(重量)珠光组分,5-55%(重量)乳化剂和0.1-5%(重量)或15-40%(重量)多元醇。所述的珠光蜡是指酰化的聚亚烷基二醇、单链烷醇酰胺、直链、饱和的脂肪酸或酮基砜。在两篇欧洲专利说明书EP-B10181773和EP-B10285389(Procter & Gamble)公开了香波组合物,它含有表面活性剂、非挥发性硅氧烷和珠光蜡。欧洲专利申请EP-A20205922(Henkel)的主题是提供一种可流动的珠光浓缩物,它含有5-15%(重量)酰化的聚乙二醇,1-6%(重量)脂肪酸一乙醇酰胺和1-5%(重量)非离子乳化剂。根据欧洲专利说明书EP-B10569843(Hoechst)所述,可以制备一种流动性非离子珠光分散液,它们是通过混合5-30%(重量)酰化的聚乙二醇和0.1-20%(重量)选择性非离子表面活性剂而制备的。此外,欧洲专利申请EP-A20581193(Hoechst)公开了一种流动性无防腐剂的珠光水分散液,它们含有酰化的聚乙二醇醚,甜菜碱,阴离子表面活性剂和甘油。最后,欧洲专利申请EP-A10684302(Th.Goldschmidt)公开了用聚甘油酯作为结晶化助剂以制备珠光浓缩物。
尽管市场上有许多的制剂供应,但是对新型珠光蜡的需求仍然不变,例如与酰化聚乙二醇不同,新型珠光蜡不含环氧乙烷单元,并与现有技术的产品不同,甚至在减少用量时仍产生光彩照人的珠光,因此,关键成分例如硅氧烷也可使用,而对制剂的稳定性不会产生消极的影响,同时含有酯基,可确保具有足够的生物分解性,尤其是在浓缩情况下仍易于流动,因而易于操作。因此,本发明的目的是提供一种新型珠光浓缩物,它可满足所述的复杂要求。
本发明的描述
本发明的目的是提供一种珠光浓缩物水溶液,按干组分计,含有:(a)1-99.1%(重量)多元羧酸,尤其是羟基官能化的羧酸与具有6-22个碳原子脂肪醇的酯,(b)0.1-90%(重量)阴离子的、非离子的、阳离子的、两性的和/或两性离子的乳化剂以及(c)0-40%(重量)多元醇,条件是各组分含量之和为100%(重量)。
令人惊奇地发现,多元羧酸和/或羟基羧酸与脂肪醇的酯具有出色的珠光特性,与现有技术的不同之处在于在减少用量时,仍具有夺目的光辉,尤其是粒子细度(Feirteiligkeit)和贮存稳定性。珠光蜡易于生物分解,并在浓缩情况下呈流动状,甚至使有疑难组分,例如硅氧烷,也可掺入化妆品制剂。多元羧酸酯和羟基羧酸酯
形成组分(a)的珠光蜡是众所周知的物质,它们可按制备有机化学中的有关方法制得。通常,按已知方法通过碱性催化酯化羧酸和/或羟基羧酸与脂肪醇来制备酯,所述羧酸和羟基羧酸具有4-12个碳原子,2-4个羧基和1-5个羟基。酸组分的实例包括丙二酸、马来酸、富马酸、己二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、十二烷二酸、苯二甲酸、异苯二甲酸和优选的琥珀酸以及苹果酸、柠檬酸和优选的酒石酸和它们的混合物。脂肪醇的烷基链上具有6-22个碳原子,优选12-18,特别优选16-18个碳原子。典型的实例是己醇、辛醇、2-乙基己醇、癸醇、月桂醇、异十三烷基醇、肉豆蔻醇、十六烷基醇、棕榈油醇、十八烷基醇、异十八烷基醇、油醇、反油醇、岩芹醇、亚油醇、亚麻醇、桐醇(Elaeostearylalkohol)、花生醇、顺式9-二十碳烯醇、山萮醇、芥醇和巴西烯醇以及它们的工业级混合物。酯可以是全酯或偏酯,优选使用羧酸或羟基羧酸的单酯,尤其是二酯。典型的实例是琥珀酸单月桂酯和琥珀酸二月桂酯、琥珀酸单鲸蜡芳基酯(Cetearylester)和琥珀酸二鲸蜡芳基酯、琥珀酸单硬脂酯和琥珀酸二硬脂酯、酒石酸单月桂酯和酒石酸二月桂酯、酒石酸单椰子烷基酯和酒石酸二椰子烷基酯、酒石酸单鲸蜡芳基酯和酒石酸二鲸蜡芳基酯、柠檬酸单月桂酯、柠檬酸二月桂酯和柠檬酸三月桂酯、柠檬酸单椰子烷基酯、柠檬酸二椰子烷基酯和柠檬酸三椰子烷基酯以及柠檬酸单鲸蜡芳基酯、柠檬酸二鲸蜡芳基酯和柠檬酸三鲸蜡芳基酯。酯的用量按浓缩物计为1-99.9%(重量),通常5-75%(重量),优选10-50%(重量),特别优选15-30%(重量)。乳化剂
本发明珠光浓缩物可含有选自下列至少一种物质的非离子表面活性剂作为乳化剂:(b1)2-30摩尔环氧乙烷和/或0-5摩尔环氧丙烷与具有8-22个碳原子的直链脂肪醇、与具有12-22个碳原子的脂肪酸和与烷基上有8-15个碳原子的烷基酚的加成物;(b2)1-30摩尔环氧乙烷与甘油加成物的C12/18脂肪酸单酯和C12/18脂肪酸二酯;(b3)具有6-22个碳原子的饱和和不饱和脂肪酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯,和其脱水山梨醇单酯和脱水山梨醇二酯以及它们的环氧乙烷加成物;(b4)烷基上有8-22个碳原子的烷基单苷和烷基寡苷和它们的乙氧基化类似物;(b5)15-60摩尔环氧乙烷与蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油的加成物;(b6)多元醇酯,尤其是聚甘油酯,例如聚甘油聚蓖麻油酸酯或聚甘油聚-12-羟基硬脂酸酯。多种这类物质的混合物同样也适用的;(b7)2-15摩尔环氧乙烷与蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油的加成物;(b8)基于直链、支链、不饱和或饱和的C12/22脂肪酸、蓖麻油酸以及12-羟基硬脂酸和甘油、聚甘油、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、糖醇(例如山梨糖醇)以及聚葡糖苷(例如纤维素)的偏酯;(b9)磷酸三烷基酯;(b10)羊毛蜡醇;(b11)聚硅氧烷-聚烷基-聚醚共聚物或相应的衍生物;(b12)根据DE-PS1165574的季戊四醇、脂肪酸、柠檬酸和脂肪醇的混合酯以及(b13)聚亚烷基二醇。
环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷与脂肪醇、脂肪酸、烷基酚,脂肪酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯以及脂肪酸的脱水山梨糖醇单酯和脱水山梨糖醇二酯的加成物或和蓖麻油的加成物是已知的可买得到的产品。它们是同系混合物,其平均烷氧基化度相当于环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷和与之进行加成反应的基质的比例。DE-PS2024051公开了用环氧乙烷与甘油加成物的C12/18脂肪酸单酯和C12/18脂肪酸二酯作为化妆品制剂的再酯化剂。
US3839318,US3707535,US3547828,DE-OS1943689,DE-OS2036472和DE-A13001064以及EP-A0077167公开了C8/18烷基单苷和C8/18烷基寡苷,其制备方法和它们作为表面活性剂的用途。其制备是通过使葡萄糖或低聚糖和具有8-18个碳原子的伯醇反应而进行的。有关苷基可以是通过苷键将环状糖基与脂肪醇连接的单苷,也可以是低聚度大约至多为8的低聚苷。低聚度是基于这类工业级产品通常的同系分布的统计平均值。
此外,可使用两性离子表面活性剂作为乳化剂。两性离子表面活性剂应是在其分子上至少有一个季铵基团和至少一个羧酸酯基团和一个磺酸酯基团的表面活性物质。特别合适的两性离子表面活性剂是已知的甜菜碱,例如N-烷基-N,N-二甲基铵甘氨酸酯,例如椰子烷基二甲基铵甘氨酸酯、N-酰基氨基丙基-N,N-二甲基铵甘氨酸酯,例如椰子酰基氨基丙基二甲基铵甘氨酸酯,和在烷基或酰基上有8-18个碳原子的2-烷基-3-羧甲基-3-羟乙基咪唑啉以及椰子酰基氨基乙基羟乙基羧甲基甘氨酸酯。特别优选的是已知商品名为CTFA的椰子酰氨基丙基甜菜碱的脂肪酸酰胺衍生物。同样适用的乳化剂是两性表面活性剂。“两性表面活性剂”是指除了在分子上有一个C8/18烷基或酰基外,还至少有一个游离的氨基和至少一个-COOH-或-SO3H-基团的表面活性物质,并且它们可以形成内盐。两性表面活性剂的实例是N-烷基甘氨酸、N-烷基丙酸、N-烷基氨基丁酸、N-烷基亚氨基二丙酸、N-羟乙基-N-烷基酰氨基丙基甘氨酸、N-烷基牛磺酸、N-烷基肌氨酸、2-烷基氨基丙酸和烷基氨基乙酸其中各烷基约有8-18个碳原子。特别优选的两性表面活性剂是N-椰子烷基氨基丙酸酯、椰子酰基氨基乙基氨基丙酸酯和C12/18酰基肌氨酸。除了两性乳化剂外,也可使用季铵化的乳化剂,其中优选使用酯季铵盐(Esterguats),尤其优选甲基季铵化二脂肪酸三乙醇胺酯盐。
本发明珠光浓缩物的乳化剂含量为0.1-90%(重量),优选5-50%(重量),更优选10-40%(重量)。多元醇
作为本发明(c)组分的多元醇优选具有2-15个碳原子和至少2个羟基。典型的实例是--甘油;--亚烷基二醇,例如乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇以及平均分子量为100-1000道尔顿的聚乙二醇。--自缩合度为1.5-10的工业级寡甘油混合物,例如二甘油含量为40-50%(重量)的工业级二甘油混合物;--羟甲基化合物,例如三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基丁烷、季戊四醇和二季戊四醇;--低级烷基葡糖苷,尤其是烷基上有1-8个碳原子的葡糖苷,例如甲基葡糖苷和丁基葡糖苷;--具有5-12个碳原子的糖醇,例如山梨糖醇或甘露糖醇;--具有5-12个碳原子的糖,例如葡萄糖或蔗糖;--氨基糖,例如葡糖胺。
本发明珠光浓缩物可含有多元醇,例如甘油、丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇以及平均分子量为100-10000的聚乙二醇,其含量为0.1-40%(重量),优选0.5-15%(重量),更优选1-5%(重量)。制备方法
在同样是本发明目的的一个优选的实施方式中,珠光浓缩物的制备是通过制备组分(a),(b)和(c)的混合物,加热到高于混合物熔点1-30℃的温度,并将它们与大致上相同的温度的必要量的水混合,接着冷却至室温。此外,也可以先加入经浓缩的含水(阴离子)表面活性剂浆料,在加热下搅拌入珠光蜡,然后,再加水稀释混合物至所要求的浓度或在有聚合的亲水增调剂,例如羟丙基纤维素、黄原胶(Xanthan Gum)或聚羧乙烯(Carbomer)型聚合物的存在下进行混合而制备。工业应用性
本发明的珠光浓缩物适合于调节表面活性制剂例如洗发香波或手工器皿清洗剂的不透明性。因此,本发明的另一个目的涉及水溶性表面活性物质的不透明的珠光液态的含水制剂的制备方法,包括在0-40℃下,向透明的含水制剂中加入珠光浓缩物,加入量为制剂的0.5-40%(重量),优选1-20%(重量),搅拌使其分散。表面活性剂
通常含有1-50%(重量),优选5-35%(重量)非水性组分的表面活性制剂含有非离子的、阴离子的、阳离子的和/或两性的或两性离子的表面活性剂,该表面活性剂在制剂中的含量通常为50-99%(重量),优选70-90%(重量)。阴离子表面活性剂的典型实例是皂、烷基苯磺酸盐、链烷磺酸盐、烯烃磺酸盐、烷基醚磺酸盐、甘油醚磺酸盐、α-甲基酯磺酸盐、磺基脂族酸、烷基硫酸盐、脂肪醇醚硫酸盐、甘油醚硫酸盐、羟基混合的醚硫酸盐、单甘油酯(醚)硫酸盐、脂肪酸酰胺(醚)硫酸盐、单烷基磺基琥珀酸酯和二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯、单烷基磺基琥珀酰胺酸酯和二烷基磺基琥珀酰胺酸酯、磺基三甘油酯、酰胺皂、醚羧酸和其盐、脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐、脂肪酸肌氨酸盐、脂肪酸牛磺酸、N-酰基氨基酸,例如酰基乳酸盐、酰基酒石酸盐、酰基谷氨酸盐和酰基天冬氨酸盐、烷基寡葡糖苷硫酸盐、蛋白脂肪酸浓缩物(尤其是基于小麦的植物产物)和烷基(醚)磷酸盐。如果阴离子表面活性剂含有聚乙二醇醚链,那么它们具有常规的,但是优选是窄的同系物分布。非离子表面活性剂的典型实例是脂肪醇聚乙二醇醚、烷基酚聚乙二醇醚、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯、脂肪酸酰胺聚乙二醇醚、脂肪胺聚乙二醇醚、烷氧基化三甘油酯、混合醚或混合的甲醛缩二甲醇、烷基(亚烷基)寡葡糖苷、脂肪酸-N-烷基葡糖酰胺、蛋白水解产物(尤其是基于小麦的植物产物)、多元醇脂肪酸酯、糖酯、脱水山梨糖醇酯、聚山梨酸酯和胺基氧化物。如果非离子表面活性剂含有聚乙二醇醚链,那么它们具有常规的,但是优选是窄的同系物分布。阳离子表面活性剂的典型实例是季铵化合物和酯季铵盐,尤其是季铵化的脂肪酸三链烷醇胺酯盐。两性或两性离子表面活性剂的典型实例是烷基甜菜碱、烷基酰氨基甜菜碱、氨基丙酸盐、氨基甘氨酸盐、咪唑啉鎓甜菜碱和磺基甜菜碱。上述表面活性剂指的都是已知的化合物。有关这些物质的结构和制备方法可参见相关的概论文章,例如J.Falbe等人的“消费品中的表面活性剂”,Springer出版社,柏林,1987,第54-124页或J.Falbe等人的“催化剂、表面活性剂和矿物油添加剂”,Thieme出版社,斯图加特,1978,第123-217页。也可将相同的表面活性剂直接用来制备珠光浓缩物。助剂和添加剂
本发明珠光浓缩物中所使用的表面活性制剂还可含有其它的助剂和添加剂,例如油体、富脂剂、稳定剂、蜡、稠度调节剂、增稠剂、阳离子聚合物、硅氧烷化合物、生物源物质、去头屑剂、成膜剂、防腐剂、水溶助长剂、增溶剂、UV吸附剂、着色剂和香味剂。
油体的实例包括基于6-18个碳原子,优选8-10个碳原子脂肪醇的格尔伯特醇、直链C6-20脂肪酸与直链C6-20脂肪醇的酯、支链C6-13羧酸与直链C6-20脂肪醇的酯、直链C6-18脂肪酸与支链醇,尤其是2-乙基己醇的酯、直链和/或支链脂肪酸与多元醇(例如二聚二醇或三聚三醇)和/或格尔伯特醇的酯、基于C6-10脂肪酸的三甘油酯、植物油、支链伯醇、取代的环己烷、格尔伯特碳酸酯、二烷基醚和/或脂肪烃或环烷烃。
富脂剂的实例包括羊毛脂和卵磷脂以及聚乙氧基化或酰基化羊毛脂和卵磷脂衍生物、多元醇脂肪酸酯、单甘油酯和脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺,其中脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺同时可起泡沫稳定剂的作用。稠度调节剂的实例主要包括具有12-22个碳原子,优选16-18个碳原子的脂肪醇。优选地是这些物质与烷基寡葡糖苷和/或具有相同链长的脂肪酸-N-甲基-葡糖酰胺和/或聚甘油聚-12-羟基硬脂酸酯的组合物。合适的增调剂的实例包括聚糖、尤其是黄原胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、藻酸盐和纤基乙酸钠、羧甲基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素,此外,脂肪酸的高分子量的聚乙二醇单酯和二酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、表面活性剂,例如乙氧基化脂肪酸甘油酯、脂肪酸与多元醇例如季戊四醇或三羟甲基丙烷的酯、具有窄的同系分布的脂肪醇乙氧基化物或烷基寡葡糖苷以及电解质例如氯化钠和氯化铵。
合适的阳离子聚合物的实例包括阳离子纤维素衍生物、阳离子淀粉、二烯丙基铵盐和丙烯酰胺的共聚物、季铵化乙烯基吡咯烷酮/乙烯基咪唑聚合物,例如Luviquat(BASF AG,Ludwigshafen/FRG),聚乙二醇和胺的缩合产物、季铵化胶原多肽,例如月桂基二铵(Lauryldimonium)羟丙基水解胶原(Lamequat,Gruenau GmbH),季铵化麦多肽、聚乙烯亚胺、阳离子硅氧烷聚合物,例如酰氨基聚甲硅氧烷(methicone)或Dow Corning、Dow Corning公司/美国,己二酸和二甲基氨基羟丙基二亚乙基三胺的共聚物(Cartaretine,Sandoz/CH),聚氨基聚酰胺,例如FR-A-2252840中公开的,以及它们的交联水溶性聚合物、阳离子壳多糖衍生物,例如季铵化脱乙酰壳多糖,必要时以微晶分布、二卤代烷例如二溴丁烷与双二烷基胺例如双-二甲基氨基-1,3-丙烷的缩合产物、阳离子瓜尔胶例如Celanese/美国的JaguarCBS,JaguarC-17,JaguarC-16、季铵化铵盐聚合物例如Miranol/美国的MirapolA-15,MirapolAD-1,MirapolAZ-1。
合适的硅氧烷化合物的实例是二甲基聚硅氧烷、甲基-苯基聚硅氧烷、环化硅氧烷以及氨基、脂肪酸、醇、聚醚、环氧基、氟和/或烷基改性的硅氧烷化合物,它们在室温下可以是液态状,也可以是树脂状。典型的脂肪实例包括甘油酯,此外,蜡的实例包括蜂蜡、石蜡或微晶石蜡,必要时与亲水蜡混合,例如鲸蜡基十八烷醇。在本发明中,除了羟基羧酸酯外,还可加入已知的珠光蜡,例如聚亚烷基二醇的单脂肪酸酯和二脂肪酸酯或偏甘油酯。稳定剂的实例包括脂肪酸的金属盐例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸铝和/或硬脂酸锌。生物源物质的实例包括甜没药醇、尿囊素、植烷三醇、泛酰醇(panthenol)、AHA酸、植物提取物和维生素络合物。去头屑剂的实例包括Climbazol、Octopirox和Zinkpyrethion。常规的成膜剂的实例包括脱乙酰壳多糖、微晶脱乙酰壳多糖、季铵化脱乙酰壳多糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、乙烯基吡咯烷酮-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸系的聚合物、季铵纤维素衍生物、胶原、透明质酸或它们的盐和类似的化合物。此外,为了改善流动性,可加入水溶助长剂,例如乙醇、异丙醇、丙二醇或葡萄糖。防腐剂的实例包括苯氧基乙醇、甲醛溶液、对羟基苯甲酸酯、戊二醇或山梨酸。适用于化妆品的着色剂,可使用德国研究机构着色剂委员会“化妆品着色剂”,化学出版社,Weinheim,1984,第81-106页中公开的那些物质。这些着色剂的加入量通常为0.001-0.1%(重量)(按总混合物计)。
助剂和添加剂的总量按制剂计为1-50%(重量),优选5-40%(重量)。制剂的制备可按常规的冷法或热法进行;优选按转相温度法进行。
本发明的最后一个目的涉及多元羧酸酯,尤其是具有6-22个碳原子脂肪醇的羟基取代的羧酸的酯作为用于制备表面活性制剂的珠光蜡的用途。
实施例
将本发明的珠光浓缩物R1-R6以及对比混合物R7在40℃下贮存14天,按Brookfield法,用RVT粘度计测定其粘度(23℃,10Upm,Spindel 5)。接着在50℃下通过混合添加物而配制洗发香波水制剂,每种制剂各含有2g珠光浓缩物R1-R7,15g椰子脂肪醇+2EO-硫酸钠盐,3g二甲基聚硅氧烷,5g椰子烷基葡糖苷和1.5g酯季铵盐(水加至100%重量)。在显微镜下,按刻度为1=极细的结晶至5=粗结晶的标准目视评定香波中珠光晶体的颗粒细度。同样按刻度为1=光亮至5=无光泽;目视评定珠光度,目视评定不透明性,并用(+)表示不透明性或(-)表示透明性。表1列出了组成和结果,所有的用量按重量百分比计:表1组成和珠光浓缩物的使用
组成 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 |
酒石酸一鲸蜡芳基酯 | 25 | - | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
柠檬酸二椰子烷基酯 | - | 25 | - | - | - | - | - |
琥珀酸二鲸蜡芳基酯 | - | - | - | - | 25 | - | - |
琥珀酸二硬脂酸酯 | - | - | - | - | - | 25 | - |
乙二醇二硬脂酸酯 | - | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | 25 |
椰子醇+4EO | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 |
椰子烷基葡糖苷 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 15 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
椰子脂肪酸甜菜碱 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
甘油 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
水 | 加至100 | ||||||
浓缩物的粘度[mPas] | |||||||
1小时后,40℃ | 8000 | 8000 | 5400 | 8000 | 8000 | 8000 | 8000 |
14小时后,40℃ | 7500 | 7400 | 5000 | 7800 | 7800 | 7700 | 7200 |
制剂中的珠光 | |||||||
光泽度 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
颗粒细度 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 3.0 |
不透明性 | - | - | - | - | - | - | + |
Claims (9)
1.珠光浓缩物水溶液,按无水组分计,含有(a)1-99.1%(重量)多元羧酸,必要时是羟基官能化的羧酸与具有6-22个碳原子脂肪醇的酯,(b)0.1-90%(重量)阴离子的、非离子的、阳离子的、两性的和/或两性的离子的乳化剂以及(c)0-40%(重量)多元醇,条件是各组分含量之和为100%(重量)。
2.根据权利要求1的珠光浓缩物,其特征在于,含有酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸和/或琥珀酸的酯作为组分(a)。
3.根据权利要求1和2的珠光浓缩物,其特征在于,含有具有12-18个碳原子的脂肪醇的酯作为组分(a)。
4.根据权利要求1-3的珠光浓缩物,其特征在于,含有选自以下组分的乳化剂作为组分(b),它们是:(b1)2-30摩尔环氧乙烷和/或0-5摩尔环氧丙烷与具有8-22个碳原子的直链脂肪醇、与具有12-22个碳原子的脂肪酸和与烷基中有8-15个碳原子的烷基酚的加成物;(b2)1-30摩尔环氧乙烷与甘油加成物的C12/18脂肪酸单酯和C12/18脂肪酸二酯;(b3)具有6-22个碳原子的饱和和不饱和脂肪酸的甘油单酯与甘油二酯,和其脱水山梨醇单酯与脱水山梨醇二酯以及它们的环氧乙烷的加成物;(b4)烷基上有8-22个碳原子的烷基单苷和烷基寡苷和它们的乙氧基化类似物;(b5)15-60摩尔环氧乙烷与蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油的加成物;(b6)多元醇酯;(b7)2-15摩尔环氧乙烷与蓖麻油和/或氢化蓖麻油的加成物;(b8)基于直链、支链、不饱和或饱和的C12/22脂肪酸、蓖麻油酸以及12-羟基硬脂酸和甘油、聚甘油、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、糖醇以及聚葡糖苷的偏酯;(b9)磷酸三烷基酯;(b10)羊毛蜡醇;(b11)聚硅氧烷-聚烷基-聚醚共聚物或相应的衍生物;(b12)季戊四醇、脂肪酸、柠檬酸和脂肪醇的混合物以及(b13)聚亚烷基二醇。
5.根据权利要求1-4的珠光浓缩物,其特征在于,它们含有两性离子表面活性剂和/或酯季铵盐型的乳化剂作为组分(b)。
6.根据权利要求1-5的珠光浓缩物,其特征在于,它们含有0.1-40%(重量)甘油、1,2-丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇和/或平均分子量为100-1000道尔顿的聚乙二醇作为组分(c)。
7.权利要求1珠光浓缩物的制备方法,其特征在于,制备组分(a),(b)和(c)的混合物,加热到高于混合物熔点1-30℃的温度下,将它们与大致相同的温度下的,要求量的水混合,接着冷却至室温。
8.水溶性表面活性物质的不透明的、珠光的含水液体制剂的制备方法,包括在0-40℃下,向透明的含水制剂中加入权利要求1-7中的珠光浓缩物,加入量为制剂的0.5-40%(重量),优选1-20%(重量),搅拌使其分布均匀。
9.多元羧酸,必要时是羟基官能化羧酸与具有6-22个碳原子的脂肪醇的酯的用途,它作为珠光蜡用于制备表面活性制剂。
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DE1165574B (de) | 1960-08-08 | 1964-03-19 | Dehydag Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von als Emulgiermittel fuer Salbengrundlagen dienenden Mischestern |
US3547828A (en) | 1968-09-03 | 1970-12-15 | Rohm & Haas | Alkyl oligosaccharides and their mixtures with alkyl glucosides and alkanols |
US3772269A (en) | 1969-07-24 | 1973-11-13 | Ici America Inc | Glycoside compositions and process for the preparation thereof |
US3707535A (en) | 1969-07-24 | 1972-12-26 | Atlas Chem Ind | Process for preparing mono- and polyglycosides |
DE2024051C3 (de) | 1970-05-16 | 1986-05-07 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verwendung der Veresterungsprodukte von Glycerin-Äthylenoxid-Addukten mit Fettsäuren als Rückfettungsmittel in kosmetischen Zubereitungen |
US3839318A (en) | 1970-09-27 | 1974-10-01 | Rohm & Haas | Process for preparation of alkyl glucosides and alkyl oligosaccharides |
LU68901A1 (zh) | 1973-11-30 | 1975-08-20 | ||
US4172887A (en) | 1973-11-30 | 1979-10-30 | L'oreal | Hair conditioning compositions containing crosslinked polyaminopolyamides |
US4078147A (en) * | 1975-09-10 | 1978-03-07 | The Nisshin Oil Mills, Ltd. | Hydroxy acid esters of higher alcohols |
DE3001064A1 (de) | 1980-01-12 | 1981-07-16 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur reinigung von alkylglycosiden durch destillative abtennung nicht umgesetzter alkohole |
JPS5767510A (en) | 1980-10-15 | 1982-04-24 | Lion Corp | Agent for imparting iridescent luster |
JPS57165308A (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-12 | Lion Corp | Production of pearlescent dispersion |
DE3266210D1 (en) | 1981-10-08 | 1985-10-17 | Rohm & Haas France | A process for preparing surface-active glycosides and the use of the glycosides in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and household products |
US4438096A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1984-03-20 | Helene Curtis Industries, Inc. | Pearlescent shampoo |
CA1261276A (en) | 1984-11-09 | 1989-09-26 | Mark B. Grote | Shampoo compositions |
DE3519080A1 (de) | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Fliessfaehiges perlglanzkonzentrat |
EP0285389B1 (en) | 1987-04-01 | 1992-09-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Shampoo compositions |
US5711899A (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1998-01-27 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Free flowing pearlescent concentrate |
DE3843572A1 (de) | 1988-12-23 | 1990-06-28 | Henkel Kgaa | Fliessfaehiges perlglanzkonzentrat |
DE4103551A1 (de) | 1991-02-06 | 1992-08-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Fliessfaehiges perlglanzkonzentrat |
DE59300931D1 (de) | 1992-05-13 | 1995-12-21 | Hoechst Ag | Nichtionische, fliessfähige Perlglanzdispersionen. |
DE4224715A1 (de) | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Hoechst Ag | Fließfähige konservierungsmittelfreie Perlglanzdispersionen |
JPH0782140A (ja) | 1993-09-14 | 1995-03-28 | Kao Corp | 真珠光沢液体洗浄剤組成物 |
ATE186944T1 (de) | 1994-05-28 | 1999-12-15 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Wässrige, fliessfähige perlglanzkonzentrate |
-
1996
- 1996-05-30 DE DE19621681A patent/DE19621681C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-05-22 NZ NZ333073A patent/NZ333073A/xx unknown
- 1997-05-22 JP JP50015398A patent/JP4181217B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-22 KR KR1019980709696A patent/KR20000016129A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-22 CN CN97194997A patent/CN1219865A/zh active Pending
- 1997-05-22 DE DE59709018T patent/DE59709018D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-22 WO PCT/EP1997/002617 patent/WO1997046209A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-22 AU AU29597/97A patent/AU722400B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-22 US US09/194,410 patent/US6235702B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-22 ES ES97923976T patent/ES2186892T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-22 EP EP97923976A patent/EP0910328B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-22 CA CA002257257A patent/CA2257257A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-26 ID IDP971755A patent/ID16981A/id unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0910328A1 (de) | 1999-04-28 |
AU2959797A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
DE59709018D1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
DE19621681C2 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
AU722400B2 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
ID16981A (id) | 1997-11-27 |
NZ333073A (en) | 2000-01-28 |
JP2000514410A (ja) | 2000-10-31 |
DE19621681A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
EP0910328B1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
US6235702B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
JP4181217B2 (ja) | 2008-11-12 |
CA2257257A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
ES2186892T3 (es) | 2003-05-16 |
WO1997046209A1 (de) | 1997-12-11 |
KR20000016129A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
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