CN1218610A - Cultivating method of increasing fruit yield and gum yield of gettama - Google Patents
Cultivating method of increasing fruit yield and gum yield of gettama Download PDFInfo
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- CN1218610A CN1218610A CN98123324A CN98123324A CN1218610A CN 1218610 A CN1218610 A CN 1218610A CN 98123324 A CN98123324 A CN 98123324A CN 98123324 A CN98123324 A CN 98123324A CN 1218610 A CN1218610 A CN 1218610A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The cultivating method includes transformation of existing eucommia garden through high grafting with female graft, construction of graft seedling garden and construction of stock garden. During grafting, which is performed in spring or summer and autumn, excellent clone is selected as graft and young eucommia tree or seedling from seed as stock. After grafting, the cultivating process includes pruning to shape, ring peeling and cutting of trunk stem and main twig, applying fertilizer to soil and foliage, etc. The cultivating method of the present invention can bring forward the bearing age of eucommia earlier by 3-5 years and increase the yield of eucommia fruit by 20-25 times.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation technology of the bark of eucommia, particularly a kind of breeding method that improves bark of eucommia fruit yield and gum yield, it is applicable to the cultivation to newly-built bark of eucommia breeding orchard and existing bark of eucommia garden.
The bark of eucommia is the distinctive famous and precious economic tree of China.All contain gutta percha in exocarp, bark and the leaf of bark of eucommia fruit, wherein the leaf gel content is 2%～3%, and the bark gel content is 6%～10%, and the gel content of bark of eucommia fruit exocarp is the highest, reaches 12%～17%.Gutta percha is a kind of special natural macromolecular material, it has multiple functions such as the irreplaceable shape memory of other material, can make thermoplastic functional material, thermoelasticity functional material and elastomeric material etc., be widely used in traffic, communication, medical treatment, electric power, national defence, water conservancy, building and the people's daily life.At present, the extraction of gutta percha all is to be raw material with the folium cortex eucommiae.But because the folium cortex eucommiae gel content is lower, the mu gum yield only is about 10kg, carries the cost of material height of glue, causes gutta percha to cost an arm and a leg, and causes the gutta percha product development to be subjected to bigger restriction.A few years ago, because national bark of eucommia fruit yield is low, fruit is mainly used in cultivates nursery stock; In recent years, national cultivating eucommia area enlarges rapidly, and fruit yield significantly improves, and utilizing fruit to carry glue has had possibility.Yet existing large tracts of land eucommia plantation is forest.Because bark of eucommia dioecism, in forest, female plant only accounts for about 50%, and these female plants evenings as a result, yields poorly and unstable.According to investigations, existing 10 years not enough 5kg of the above bark of eucommia woods per mu yield of life bark of eucommia fruit in the whole nation.According to present present situation, if without the science transformation, utilize the fruit of existing bark of eucommia woods to carry glue, it is low fundamentally to solve bark of eucommia gum yield, puies forward the high problem of glue cost.
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned bark of eucommia raw material gel content and gum yield low, the outstanding problem that processing cost is high, and a kind of breeding method that improves bark of eucommia fruit yield and gum yield that works out.The breeding female plant that this method is a selection fruit yield height, gel content is high, utilize the high method that female method, bark of eucommia choiceness grafting and stock are built the garden of changing that connects, adopt the short technology such as short fruit, rational application of fertilizers of spending, increased substantially the fruit yield and the gum yield of the bark of eucommia.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of breeding method that improves bark of eucommia fruit yield and gum yield, it comprise height connect change the existing bark of eucommia garden of female transformation, grafting builds the garden and stock is built the three kinds of methods in garden.The bark of eucommia breeding orchard selection result morning of this breeding method, fruit yield height, exocarp gel content height, the unconspicuous choiceness of biennial bearing are done scion, and wherein female plant accounts for 90%～95%, and staminiferous plant accounts for 10%～5%; Stock is selected the treelet of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm～15cm or the seedling of leading thread 0.5cm～2.0cm for use; Stock grafting watered permeable 1 time in preceding 7～10 days; Grafting was carried out during 5 ℃～13 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in spring, and summer, autumn carry out when 18 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures; Grafting method adopts to be with wooden plate budding or to be with wooden bud sheet to amplexiform, bud length of a film 1.5cm～4.0cm, 0.5cm～1.5cm under the bud wherein, 1.0cm～2.5cm on the bud.Wrap up with the plastic strip that performance of keeping humidity is good, reveal bud during wrapping; Spring, summer grafting, cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.5cm place of buddering in 7～15 days after the grafting, separate when above and tie up when the coppice shoot length of buddering reaches 15cm after 30 days; The grafting in autumn, to budder and do not sprout then, grafting was lightened restrictions on after 20 days, and trees sprouted and cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.5cm place of buddering in preceding 10～15 days the 2nd year spring, buddered to separate after beginning to sprout and tied up.No matter all bud pickings in time behind the anvil are cut in when grafting, promote to budder germination and growth; It builds garden density is 2m * 2m～3m * 4m; Stay to do and highly be 0.8m～1.5m; Tree-like employing natural open centre shape and natural globular model; Trunk and major branch are carried out band girdle and girdling processing; Annual to bark of eucommia breeding orchard soil rational application of fertilizers 3 times, spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times.
The present invention also can be achieved in that height connect change female breeding method be transform in the existing bark of eucommia, the low yield garden, stock is selected the treelet of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm～15cm for use, is every mu 80～170 strain by sparselying fell improved density; Above 0.8m～1.5m cut to do stock from ground in resting stage, selects 3～4 of coppice shoots after the rudiment in spring, cultivates into grafted branch, and all the other coppice shoots are removed, and when coppice shoot reaches 50cm, carry out pinching, and preceding 7～10 days of grafting connects height and changes female bark of eucommia garden and irrigate water 1 time; Height connects the time of changing female band girdle, girdling and is: carry out during 23 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in summer then, height connects when changing 18 ℃～28 ℃ of female the 2nd year beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer and carries out; Sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether, each every mu of fertilizing amount 20kg, summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
The present invention can also be achieved in that it is the grafting of cultivating fine seed strains that grafting is built the garden method, newly-built bark of eucommia breeding orchard, stock is selected the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.5cm～2.0cm for use, when the stock height reaches 0.5 when above, carrying out pinching handles, grafting time is: spring grafting is carried out when 5 ℃～13 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the summer and autumn of grafting when 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, after the afforestation, stay to do highly to be 0.8m～1.3m, band girdle, girdling time carry out when building 18 ℃～26 ℃ of garden beginning in the 2nd year daily mean temperatures in summer in every year; Fertilising is to impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether in sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees.Concrete fertilizing amount is: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, and later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year.Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
The present invention can also be achieved in that it is first field planting stock that stock is built the garden method, build up bark of eucommia breeding orchard with the grafting of bark of eucommia choiceness again, stock is selected the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.8cm～1.2cm, bark of eucommia resting stage afforestation, with all stock stumps, the stump position is above 2cm～5cm on ground preceding 10 days of rudiment in the afforestation back, 1 the eugonic coppice shoot of selecting and remain after the rudiment, all the other are erased, and when the stock height reaches 0.5m when above, carry out pinching and handle; Grafting time carries out grafting in summer and autumn during 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, stays after the grafting to do highly to be 0.8m～1.3m, and band girdle, girdling time carry out during from 18 ℃～28 ℃ of grafting beginning in the 2nd year daily mean temperatures in summer in every year; Fertilising is to impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether in sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees.Concrete fertilizing amount is: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, and later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year.Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
The present invention can also be achieved in that the concrete grammar of band girdle is that band girdle length is 3cm～15cm on trunk, major branch, sprays " bark of eucommia increases Pi Ling " of 50mg/kg behind the band girdle at the band girdle position, with the plastic film wrapping, unties binder after 10 days then; Or band girdle length is 0.3cm～2.0cm on trunk, major branch, and at the bark band that stays a wide 0.2cm～0.5cm up and down between two edges of a knife, stripping face exposes behind the band girdle.
The present invention can also be achieved in that the concrete grammar of girdling is that bark of eucommia trunk, major branch are enclosed with Ring-shape cutter or budding knife ring-type incised wound 2～3, apart from 1mm～2mm, reaches xylem between the edge of a knife deeply.
Good effect of the present invention is:
1,, can make bark of eucommia fruiting period 3～5 years in advance by enforcement of the present invention.
2, the present invention has improved bark of eucommia fruit yield and gum yield, after 5～7 years every mu year fruit yield can reach more than the 200kg, improve 20～25 times than present bark of eucommia fruit yield; The mu gum yield reaches 40kg～50kg, improves 3～4 times than folium cortex eucommiae gum yield.
3, the present invention and gutta percha industrialization are closely supporting, can increase substantially the gum yield of the bark of eucommia, make to propose 2～3 times of collagen material cost reductions, and processing cost reduces by 3～4 times.
4, after the invention process, not only can promote the industrialization process of gutta percha special material exploitation, to changing the situation of China's natural rubber shortage, promote the fast development of China's rubber industry and new material industry all can play positive impetus simultaneously.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is to connect the cultivation of changing the existing bark of eucommia garden of female transformation by height the invention will be further described.
1, the selection of choiceness
Height connects and changes the existing bark of eucommia garden of female transformation selection result morning, fruit yield height, exocarp gel content height, the unconspicuous choiceness of biennial bearing and do scion.
2, stock is cultivated
(1) stock is selected
Select in the more neat bark of eucommia of growth 100 mu in low yield garden, at first existing woods is sparselyed fell transformation, transform every mu of density 110～140 strains in back, stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3cm～6cm.
(2) stock grafting pre-treatment
Height connects and changes female stock above 1.0m～1.2m cut to do from ground in resting stage.Select after the rudiment in spring to be evenly distributed, 3～4 of eugonic coppice shoots, cultivate into grafted branch, all the other coppice shoots are removed.When coppice shoot reaches 50cm, carry out pinching.Preceding 7～10 days of grafting connects height and changes female bark of eucommia garden and irrigate water 1 time, perhaps in the grafting after saturating 1 time of raining.
3, graft technology
(1) grafting time
Height connects and changes female grafting time and carry out during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in summer.
(2) grafting method
Height connect change female grafting part at new coppice shoot from trunk 8cm～10cm place.Height connects and changes female employing and be with wooden plate budding or be with wooden bud sheet to amplexiform.Bud length of a film 2.5cm～3.5cm, 1.0cm～1.5cm under the bud wherein, 1.5cm～2.0cm on the bud.Wrap up with the plastic strip that performance of keeping humidity is good, reveal bud during wrapping.
(3) management after the grafting
Cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.0cm place of buddering in 7～15 days after the grafting, separate when above and tie up when the coppice shoot length of buddering reaches 15cm after 30 days.Cut bud picking in time behind the anvil, promote to budder germination and growth.
4, planting density
Height connects and changes female improved density is every mu 110～140 strain;
5, pruning and the short fruit technology of urging of spending
(1) stays dried height
Height connects and changes the female bark of eucommia and stay and do height 0.8m～1.2m.
(2) bark of eucommia breeding orchard high yield is tree-like
Height connects and changes female improved bark of eucommia breeding orchard and adopt natural open centre shape tree-like.
(3) trunk, major branch band girdle and girdling
Height connects the bark of eucommia breeding orchard of changing female transformation and adopts following band girdle, girdling technology.The time of band girdle, girdling is: height connects to change and femalely carries out during 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in summer then, and height connects when changing 22 ℃～26 ℃ of female the 2nd year beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer and carries out.The concrete grammar of band girdle is: (1) band girdle length on trunk, major branch is 5cm～10cm, sprays " bark of eucommia increases Pi Ling " of 50mg/kg behind the band girdle at the band girdle position, with the plastic film wrapping, unties binder after 10 days then.(2) band girdle length is 0.5cm～1.0cm on trunk, major branch, and at the bark band that stays a wide 0.3cm～0.5cm up and down between two edges of a knife, stripping face exposes behind the band girdle.The concrete grammar of girdling is: bark of eucommia trunk, major branch with Ring-shape cutter or budding knife ring-type incised wound 2～3 circles, apart from 1mm～2mm, are reached xylem between the edge of a knife deeply.
6, rational application of fertilizers technology
Except that carrying out normal rich water quality management, sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees impose 3 times bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special, each every mu of fertilizing amount 20kg during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether.Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is to build the cultivation of garden method by bark of eucommia grafting the invention will be further described.
1, the selection of choiceness
Selection result morning, fruit yield height, exocarp gel content height, the unconspicuous choiceness of biennial bearing are done scion.
2, stock is cultivated
(1) stock is selected
When adopting grafting to build the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of the method orchard in garden, select for use the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.5cm～1.2cm to do stock.
(2) stock grafting pre-treatment
The stock height that is used to cultivate grafting reaches 0.5m when above, carries out pinching and handles.Preceding 8～10 days of grafting irrigates water 1 time with the nursery, perhaps in the grafting after saturating 1 time of raining.
3, graft technology
(1) grafting time
Spring grafting is carried out when 7.5 ℃～13 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the summer and autumn of grafting when 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures.
(2) grafting method
Grafting part is above 3cm～5cm place on ground.Employing is with the method for wooden plate budding.Bud length of a film 2.0cm～3.0cm, 0.5cm～1.0cm under the bud wherein, 1.5cm～2.0cm on the bud.Wrap up with the plastic strip that performance of keeping humidity is good, reveal bud during wrapping.
(3) management after the grafting
Spring, summer grafting, cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.0cm place of buddering in 7～15 days after the grafting, separate when above and tie up when the coppice shoot length of buddering reaches 15cm after 30 days.The grafting in autumn, to budder and do not sprout then, grafting was lightened restrictions on after 20 days.Trees sprouted and cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.0cm place of buddering in preceding 10～15 days the 2nd year spring, buddered to separate after beginning to sprout and tied up.No matter all bud pickings in time behind the anvil are cut in when grafting, promote to budder germination and growth.
4, planting density
With 1000 mu in the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of choiceness grafting orchard, every mu 110 strain of planting density.
5, pruning and the short fruit technology of urging of spending
(1) stays the dried newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of the choiceness grafting orchard of highly using, stay and do height 0.8m～1.0m.
(2) bark of eucommia breeding orchard high yield is tree-like
Tree-like with the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of choiceness grafting orchard employing natural open centre shape and natural globular model.
(3) trunk, major branch band girdle and girdling
Adopt following band girdle, girdling technology with the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of choiceness grafting orchard.The time of band girdle, girdling is: carry out during from 20 ℃～26 ℃ of the 2nd year of newly-built garden beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer.The concrete grammar of band girdle is: (1) band girdle length on trunk, major branch is 4cm～8cm, sprays " bark of eucommia increases Pi Ling " of 50mg/kg behind the band girdle at the band girdle position, with the plastic film wrapping, unties binder after 10 days then.(2) band girdle length is 0.5cm～1.5cm on trunk, major branch, and at the bark band that stays a wide 0.2cm～0.5cm up and down between two edges of a knife, stripping face exposes behind the band girdle.The concrete grammar of girdling is: bark of eucommia trunk, major branch with Ring-shape cutter or budding knife ring-type incised wound 2～3 circles, apart from 1mm～2mm, are reached xylem between the edge of a knife deeply.
6, rational application of fertilizers technology
Except that carrying out normal rich water quality management, sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether.Concrete fertilizing amount is: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, and later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year.Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～22 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is to build the cultivation of garden method by bark of eucommia stock the invention will be further described.
1, the selection of choiceness
Build the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard with stock, selection result morning, fruit yield height, exocarp gel content height, the unconspicuous choiceness of biennial bearing are done scion.
2, stock is built the garden
(1) planting density with plant back management
Select the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.8cm～1.2cm, 1000 mu in the bark of eucommia newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of resting stage orchard, planting density 2m * 3m.Plant the back preceding 10 days of rudiment with all stock stumps, the stump position is above 2cm～4cm on ground.1 the eugonic coppice shoot of selecting and remain after the rudiment, all the other are erased.
(2) stock grafting pre-treatment
Stock is built the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard, when the new coppice shoot height of stock reaches 50cm, carries out pinching.Preceding 7～10 days of grafting irrigates water 1 time with bark of eucommia garden, perhaps in the grafting after saturating 1 time of raining.
3, graft technology
(1) grafting time
Stock is built the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard grafting time and is carried out during 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in summer, autumn.
(2) grafting method
Grafting part is above 7cm～10cm place on ground.Wooden plate budding is with in employing, bud length of a film 2.0cm～3.0cm, 0.5cm～1.0cm under the bud wherein, 1.5cm～2.0cm on the bud.Wrap up with the plastic strip that performance of keeping humidity is good, reveal bud during wrapping.
(3) management after the grafting
Spring, summer grafting, cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.0cm place of buddering in 7～15 days after the grafting, separate when above and tie up when the coppice shoot length of buddering reaches 15cm after 30 days.The grafting in autumn, to budder and do not sprout then, grafting was lightened restrictions on after 20 days.Trees sprouted and cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.0cm place of buddering in preceding 10～15 days the 2nd year spring, buddered to separate after beginning to sprout and tied up.No matter all bud pickings in time behind the anvil are cut in when grafting, promote to budder germination and growth.
4, pruning and the short fruit technology of urging of spending
(1) stays dried height
Stock is built the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard and is stayed dried height 0.8m～1.0m.
(2) bark of eucommia breeding orchard high yield is tree-like
Stock is built the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard and is adopted natural open centre shape and natural globular model tree-like.
(3) trunk, major branch band girdle and girdling
Stock is built the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard and is adopted following band girdle, girdling technology.After the grafting of breeding orchard, carry out band girdle during 18 ℃～26 ℃ of the 2nd year beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer, girdling is handled.The concrete grammar of band girdle is: (1) band girdle length on trunk, major branch is 4cm～6cm, sprays " bark of eucommia increases Pi Ling " of 50mg/kg behind the band girdle at the band girdle position, with the plastic film wrapping, unties binder after 10 days then.(2) band girdle length is 0.8cm～1.5cm on trunk, major branch, and at the bark band that stays a wide 0.3cm～0.5cm up and down between two edges of a knife, stripping face exposes behind the band girdle.The concrete grammar of girdling is: bark of eucommia trunk, major branch with Ring-shape cutter or budding knife ring-type incised wound 2～3 circles, apart from 1mm～2mm, are reached xylem between the edge of a knife deeply.
5, rational application of fertilizers technology
Except that carrying out normal rich water quality management, annual trees sprout preceding 15 days, summer daily mean temperature in the time of 18 ℃～22 ℃, 26 ℃～28 ℃, impose 3 times bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special altogether.Stock is built the concrete fertilizing amount in the newly-built bark of eucommia breeding of garden method orchard: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, and later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year.Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of breeding method that improves bark of eucommia fruit yield and gum yield, it comprise height connect change the existing bark of eucommia garden of female transformation, grafting builds the garden and stock is built the three kinds of methods in garden, it is characterized in that: the bark of eucommia breeding orchard selection result morning of this breeding method, fruit yield height, exocarp gel content height, the unconspicuous choiceness of biennial bearing are done scion, wherein female plant accounts for 90%～95%, and staminiferous plant accounts for 10%～5%; Stock is selected the treelet of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm～15cm or the seedling of leading thread 0.5cm～2.0cm for use; Stock grafting watered permeable 1 time in preceding 7～10 days; Grafting was carried out during 5 ℃～13 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in spring, and summer, autumn carry out when 18 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures; Grafting method adopts to be with wooden plate budding or to be with wooden bud sheet to amplexiform, bud length of a film 1.5cm～4.0cm, and 0.5cm～1.5cm under the bud wherein, 1.0cm～2.5cm on the bud wraps up with the plastic strip that performance of keeping humidity is good, reveals bud during wrapping; Spring, summer grafting, cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.5cm place of buddering in 7～15 days after the grafting, separate when above and tie up when the coppice shoot length of buddering reaches 15cm after 30 days; The grafting in autumn, to budder and do not sprout then, grafting was lightened restrictions on after 20 days, and trees sprouted and cut anvil at the above 1.5cm～2.5cm place of buddering in preceding 10～15 days the 2nd year spring, buddered to separate after beginning to sprout and tied up; No matter all bud pickings in time behind the anvil are cut in when grafting, promote to budder germination and growth; It builds garden density is 2m * 2m～3m * 4m; Stay to do and highly be 0.8m～1.5m; Tree-like employing natural open centre shape and natural globular model; Trunk and major branch are carried out band girdle and girdling processing; Annual to bark of eucommia breeding orchard soil rational application of fertilizers 3 times, spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times.
2, the breeding method of raising bark of eucommia fruit yield according to claim 1 and gum yield, it is characterized in that: height connects and changes female breeding method is that transformation has now in the bark of eucommia, the low yield garden, stock is selected the treelet of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm～15cm for use, is every mu 80～170 strain by sparselying fell improved density; Above 0.8m～1.5m cut to do stock from ground in resting stage, selects 3～4 of coppice shoots after the rudiment in spring, cultivates into grafted branch, and all the other coppice shoots are removed, and when coppice shoot reaches 50cm, carry out pinching, and preceding 7～10 days of grafting connects height and changes female bark of eucommia garden and irrigate water 1 time; Height connects the time of changing female band girdle, girdling and is: carry out during 23 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures in summer then, height connects when changing 18 ℃～28 ℃ of female the 2nd year beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer and carries out; Sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether, each every mu of fertilizing amount 20kg, summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
3, the breeding method of raising bark of eucommia fruit yield according to claim 1 and gum yield, it is characterized in that: it is the grafting of cultivating fine seed strains that grafting is built the garden method, newly-built bark of eucommia breeding orchard, stock is selected the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.5cm～2.0cm for use, when the stock height reaches 50cm when above, carrying out pinching handles, grafting time is: spring grafting is carried out when 5 ℃～13 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the summer and autumn of grafting when 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, after the afforestation, stay to do and highly be 0.8m～1.3m, band girdle, the girdling time carries out when building 18 ℃～26 ℃ of garden the 2nd year beginning daily mean temperatures in annual summer; Fertilising is to impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether in sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees.Concrete fertilizing amount is: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year, summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
4, the breeding method of raising bark of eucommia fruit yield according to claim 1 and gum yield, it is characterized in that: it is first field planting stock that stock is built the garden method, build up bark of eucommia breeding orchard with the grafting of bark of eucommia choiceness again, stock is selected the bark of eucommia seedling of leading thread 0.8cm～1.2cm, bark of eucommia resting stage afforestation, afforestation back preceding 10 days of rudiment with all stock stumps, the stump position is above 2cm～5cm on ground, 1 the eugonic coppice shoot of selecting and remain after the rudiment, all the other are erased, when the stock height reaches 50cm when above, carry out pinching and handle; Grafting time carries out grafting in summer and autumn during 19 ℃～30 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, stays after the grafting to do highly to be 0.8m～1.3m, and band girdle, girdling time carry out during from 18 ℃～28 ℃ of grafting beginning in the 2nd year daily mean temperatures in summer in every year; Fertilising is to impose 3 times the bark of eucommia composite fertilizer special during 18 ℃～22 ℃, 25 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures altogether in sprout preceding 15 days, summer of annual trees.Concrete fertilizing amount is: 25g is executed in the each every strain in the 1st year of afforesting, and later on annual every strain increases 25g, each every strain fertilising 250g since the 10th year; Summer spray leaf fertilizer 3～5 times during 18 ℃～28 ℃ of daily mean temperatures, the bark of eucommia of each foliage-spray 0.5% increases the polynary fertilizer of glue.
5, according to the breeding method of claim 1,2,3,4 described raising bark of eucommia fruit yields and gum yield, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of band girdle is that band girdle length is 3cm～15cm on trunk, major branch, spray 50mg/kg " bark of eucommia increases Pi Ling " behind the band girdle at the band girdle position, with the plastic film wrapping, untie binder after 10 days then; Or band girdle length is 0.3cm～2.0cm on trunk, major branch, and at the bark band that stays a wide 0.2cm～0.5cm up and down between two edges of a knife, stripping face exposes behind the band girdle.
6, according to the breeding method of claim 1,2,3,4 described raising bark of eucommia fruit yields and gum yield, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of girdling is that bark of eucommia trunk, major branch are enclosed with Ring-shape cutter or budding knife ring-type incised wound 2～3, apart from 1mm～2mm, reach xylem deeply between the edge of a knife.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN98123324A CN1092470C (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Cultivating method of increasing fruit yield and gum yield of gettama |
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| CN98123324A CN1092470C (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Cultivating method of increasing fruit yield and gum yield of gettama |
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| CN1218610A true CN1218610A (en) | 1999-06-09 |
| CN1092470C CN1092470C (en) | 2002-10-16 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1324942C (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2007-07-11 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心 | Cultivating method for improving eucommia male flower yield |
| CN100417057C (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2008-09-03 | 韩国科学技术院 | Method for orthogonal code frequency hopping multiplexing communication |
| CN103843553A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2014-06-11 | 灵宝市天地科技生态有限责任公司 | Method for increasing yield of eucommia staminate flowers in eucommia female strain fertilizing garden |
| CN106212200A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method improving Cortex Phellodendri yield |
| CN110313343A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-11 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method for promoting Cortex Eucommiae to do sth. in advance result |
| CN113099941A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-13 | 略阳县锦绣农业发展有限公司 | Dwarfing improvement method for mountain eucommia ulmoides |
-
1998
- 1998-12-10 CN CN98123324A patent/CN1092470C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100417057C (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2008-09-03 | 韩国科学技术院 | Method for orthogonal code frequency hopping multiplexing communication |
| CN1324942C (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2007-07-11 | 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心 | Cultivating method for improving eucommia male flower yield |
| CN103843553A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2014-06-11 | 灵宝市天地科技生态有限责任公司 | Method for increasing yield of eucommia staminate flowers in eucommia female strain fertilizing garden |
| CN106212200A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-14 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method improving Cortex Phellodendri yield |
| CN110313343A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-11 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method for promoting Cortex Eucommiae to do sth. in advance result |
| CN113099941A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-13 | 略阳县锦绣农业发展有限公司 | Dwarfing improvement method for mountain eucommia ulmoides |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1092470C (en) | 2002-10-16 |
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