CN1216059C - 磷鎓盐、其制法及其用途以及作成该磷鎓盐的膦及其制法 - Google Patents
磷鎓盐、其制法及其用途以及作成该磷鎓盐的膦及其制法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1216059C CN1216059C CN021055238A CN02105523A CN1216059C CN 1216059 C CN1216059 C CN 1216059C CN 021055238 A CN021055238 A CN 021055238A CN 02105523 A CN02105523 A CN 02105523A CN 1216059 C CN1216059 C CN 1216059C
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- palladium
- salt
- catalyzer
- microcosmic salt
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- -1 Phosphonio salt Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 131
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 59
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M microcosmic salt Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N dibenzylideneacetone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical class [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 16
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NSFDCVMEJKUQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCN(CC)CC.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NSFDCVMEJKUQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- NTUROZDXWLPVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-diphenylphosphanylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NTUROZDXWLPVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000001989 1,3-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([*:2])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- RHLVCLIPMVJYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)CC RHLVCLIPMVJYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPULCTXGGDJCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCN LPULCTXGGDJCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IPLJXALXGKSNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;lithium Chemical compound [Li].OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IPLJXALXGKSNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZHUXMBYIONRQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxidodioxidocarbon(.) Chemical compound [O]C(O)=O ZHUXMBYIONRQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical class CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MDSHEDHFWCMYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5-tetramethylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC(P)=C(C)C(C)=C1C MDSHEDHFWCMYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXGOIWSOZUYRKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trimethylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(P)C(C)=C1C SXGOIWSOZUYRKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWHFCGOQPPXUIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethylphenyl)-phenylphosphane Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1PC1=CC=CC=C1 TWHFCGOQPPXUIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JFZUABNDWZQLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-chloroacetyl)amino]benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1NC(=O)CCl JFZUABNDWZQLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSGCRAOTEDLMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-5-one Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)CCCC WSGCRAOTEDLMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CSSYVPGEVYWPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N octa-1,7-dien-3-yl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C=C)CCCC=C CSSYVPGEVYWPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDOHPVPONNHSPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octa-2,7-dienyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC=CCCCC=C RDOHPVPONNHSPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphine Chemical compound PC1=CC=CC=C1 RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- POSICDHOUBKJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoxybenzene Chemical group C=CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 POSICDHOUBKJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVKLEDSAGSLPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzenesulfonate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QVKLEDSAGSLPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IFUQAMNDRJCXJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-diphenylphosphanylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IFUQAMNDRJCXJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N tert-butyl-[(1r,3s,5z)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-(2-diphenylphosphorylethylidene)-4-methylidenecyclohexyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=C)\C1=C/CP(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5022—Aromatic phosphines (P-C aromatic linkage)
-
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0215—Sulfur-containing compounds
- B01J31/0225—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonic acid groups or the corresponding salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
- B01J31/0239—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
- B01J31/0267—Phosphines or phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphorus bonded to at least one carbon atom, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, the other atoms bonded to phosphorus being either carbon or hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
- B01J31/0267—Phosphines or phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphorus bonded to at least one carbon atom, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, the other atoms bonded to phosphorus being either carbon or hydrogen
- B01J31/0268—Phosphonium compounds, i.e. phosphine with an additional hydrogen or carbon atom bonded to phosphorous so as to result in a formal positive charge on phosphorous
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0271—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0231
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
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- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/44—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon double or triple bond
- C07C29/46—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon double or triple bond by diene-synthesis
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
重复次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
2,7-辛二烯-1-醇[mmol] | 34 | 74 | 87 | 91 |
1,7-辛二烯-3-醇[mmol] | 1.5 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.9 |
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP114942/01 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP114942/2001 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP114943/01 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP2001114943 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP2001114942 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP114943/2001 | 2001-04-13 | ||
JP2001302354 | 2001-09-28 | ||
JP302354/01 | 2001-09-28 | ||
JP302354/2001 | 2001-09-28 |
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CN 200510075403 Division CN1699382A (zh) | 2001-04-13 | 2002-04-12 | 磺化膦的胺盐及其制法 |
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US (2) | US6790985B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1249455B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100572508B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1216059C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE289314T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2378877C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60202977T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2236445T3 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG93931A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI243823B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2005007602A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-27 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Minimization of ligand degradation products, of reversion of same to useful phosphine ligands |
BRPI0617017B1 (pt) * | 2005-09-15 | 2016-03-15 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | processo para preparar monossulfonato de fosfina aromática na forma zwiteriônica, processo para preparar sal metálico alcalino de monossulfonato de diciclohexilfenilfosfina, e monossulfonato de fosfina aromática na forma zwiteriônica |
CA2732390A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-04 | The Royal Institution For The Advancement Of Learning/Mcgill University | Zwitterionic phosphonium salts |
US9707551B2 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2017-07-18 | Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Reaction catalyst for cross-coupling and method for manufacturing aromatic compound |
SG11201507913YA (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2015-10-29 | Kuraray Co | Bis(6-methyl-3-sulphophenyl)phenylphosphine, ammonium salt thereof, and method for producing same |
US11628430B2 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2023-04-18 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing catalyst liquid |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2366237A1 (fr) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-04-28 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Procede de telomerisation de dienes |
JPS5640619A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-04-16 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Production of octadiene |
US4390476A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1983-06-28 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Phosphonium compounds, a process for their preparation and a process for the preparation of asymmetrically substituted stilbene fluorescent brightening agents |
DE3235030A1 (de) * | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-22 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Verfahren zur herstellung von sulfonierten arylphosphinen |
DE3420493A1 (de) * | 1984-06-01 | 1985-12-05 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Quartaere ammoniumsalze sulfonierter triarylphosphine |
DE3431643A1 (de) * | 1984-08-29 | 1986-03-13 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Verfahren zur abtrennung und reindarstellung von salzen der diphenylphosphinphenyl-m-sulfonsaeure, phenylphosphin-di(m-phenylsulfonsaeure) und/oder triphenylphosphin-tri(m-sulfonsaeure) |
US4716250A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1987-12-29 | Union Carbide Corporation | Hydroformylation using low volatile/organic soluble phosphine ligands |
DE3886596T2 (de) * | 1987-06-24 | 1994-07-21 | Kuraray Co | Phosphoniumsalze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung. |
JPH0639409B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-24 | 1994-05-25 | 株式会社クラレ | オクタン誘導体の製造法 |
US4965404A (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1990-10-23 | Kuraray Company, Ltd. | Process for the preparation of lithium diphenylphosphinobenzene-m-monosulfonate |
GB9123814D0 (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1992-01-02 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Photosensitizers |
US5481049A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-01-02 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Process for producing alkadienols |
JP2888509B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-18 | 1999-05-10 | 株式会社クラレ | オクタ−2,7−ジエン−1−オールの製造方法 |
-
2002
- 2002-03-19 SG SG200201514A patent/SG93931A1/en unknown
- 2002-03-25 CA CA002378877A patent/CA2378877C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-01 US US10/109,876 patent/US6790985B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-12 CN CN021055238A patent/CN1216059C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-12 KR KR1020020020017A patent/KR100572508B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-12 TW TW091107440A patent/TWI243823B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-15 ES ES02252644T patent/ES2236445T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-15 EP EP02252644A patent/EP1249455B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-15 DE DE60202977T patent/DE60202977T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-15 AT AT02252644T patent/ATE289314T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2236445T3 (es) | 2005-07-16 |
US6790985B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 |
EP1249455B1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
US20020183196A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
DE60202977D1 (de) | 2005-03-24 |
CN1384106A (zh) | 2002-12-11 |
SG93931A1 (en) | 2003-01-21 |
EP1249455A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
CA2378877C (en) | 2007-01-23 |
DE60202977T2 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
TWI243823B (en) | 2005-11-21 |
KR100572508B1 (ko) | 2006-04-24 |
KR20020079605A (ko) | 2002-10-19 |
CA2378877A1 (en) | 2002-10-13 |
ATE289314T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
US7041619B2 (en) | 2006-05-09 |
US20040260118A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
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