CN1206224C - 取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物 - Google Patents
取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1206224C CN1206224C CNB008147094A CN00814709A CN1206224C CN 1206224 C CN1206224 C CN 1206224C CN B008147094 A CNB008147094 A CN B008147094A CN 00814709 A CN00814709 A CN 00814709A CN 1206224 C CN1206224 C CN 1206224C
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- Prior art keywords
- substituted benzylthiazolidine
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
- hydrate
- benzylthiazolidine
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/34—Oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了作为人过氧化物酶体增殖剂活化受体配体、能增强受体转录活性、有降低血糖和脂质作用的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物及其制备方法。具体地说,提供了用通式(1)表示的新的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐及其水合物及其制造方法[式中,R1表示氯原子、溴原子、硝基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基,R2表示氢原子或氯原子]。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及能有效治疗和/或预防糖尿病和高脂血症等代谢疾病的作为过氧化物酶体增殖剂活化受体(核内受体)(简称为PPAR)的激动剂、尤其作为人PPAR激动剂的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物及其加成盐,它们的制造方法和含有这些化合物的医药组合物。
背景技术
过氧化物酶体增殖剂活化受体(简称为PPAR)是与类固醇受体、类维生素A受体和甲状腺受体等相同的属于核内受体超家族的配体依赖型转录因子。目前已经在人和各种动物种类中鉴定出了组织分布不同的三种同种型(α型、β(或δ)型、γ型)(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.1992,89,4653)。其中,PPARα分布在脂肪酸代谢能力高的肝脏和肾脏中,尤其在肝脏中有高表达(Endocrinology,1995,137,354)。它能正控制或负控制与脂肪酸代谢和胞内输送有关的基因(例如酰基CoA合成酶、脂肪酸结合蛋白质和脂蛋白脂肪酶)以及与胆固醇和中性脂质的代谢有关的载脂蛋白(AI,AII,CIII)基因的表达。PPARβ以神经细胞为中心在生物体内各组织中普遍表达。目前,关于PPARβ的生理学意义还不清楚。PPARγ在脂肪细胞中高表达,与脂肪细胞分化有关(J.Lipid.Res.,1996,37,907)。这样,PPAR的各种同种型在特定的器官和组织中起特异性功能。
另外,据报道,PPARα剔除的小鼠随年龄增加呈现出高中性脂肪血症,白色脂肪细胞增加为主而变得肥胖(J.Biol.Chem.,1998,273,29577),这强烈暗示PPARα的活化与血脂(胆固醇和中性脂质)的降低作用有关。
一方面,以前广泛采用纤维样类(フイブラ一ト)药物和抑制素类药物来治疗高血脂症。然而,纤维样类药物减少胆固醇的作用弱,另一方面,抑制素类药物减少游离脂肪酸和甘油三酯的作用弱。而且,据报道纤维样类药物有胃肠伤害、出疹、头痛、肝功能受损、肾功能受损以及胆结石等各种副作用,认为其原因是纤维样类药物表现出广泛的药理作用。
另一方面,确认表现出有降低血糖、高胰岛素血症改善作用的一系列噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物托利特宗(トログリタゾン)、派利特宗(ピオグリタゾン)和罗西特宗(ロジグリタゾン)(II型糖尿病(非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病)治疗药)的主要胞内目蛋白质是PPARγ,这些药物使PPARγ的转录活性增强(Endocrinology,1996,137,4189,Cell,1995,83,803,Cell,1995,83,813)。因此,使PPARγ的转录活性增强的PPARγ活化剂(激动剂)作为降低血糖药很重要。
在考虑这些称为PPAR的转录因子对于脂肪细胞的功能以及与调节糖代谢和脂质代谢机理有关的作用时,如果能创制作为PPAR、尤其是人PPAR配体的直接结合而使人PPAR活化的化合物,那么预计通过非常特异性的机理而表现出有降低血糖作用和/或降低血中脂质(胆固醇和中性脂质两者)作用的化合物应该具有医药用途。
据报道,作为PPARα的配体,除对PPARα有亲和性的化合物花生四烯酸的代谢物LTB4外,还有通过细胞色素P-450氧化产生的HETE(羟基二十碳四烯酸)和HEPE(羟基二十碳五烯酸)组的类二十烷酸(エイコサノイド),尤其是8-HETE、8-HEPE(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.94,312)。然而,这些内源性的不饱和脂肪酸衍生物在代谢上和化学上不稳定,不能供作药物。
另外,对于托利特宗,偶有其对肝脏的严重的副作用的报道,因此正要求开发有效且安全性高的II型糖尿病治疗药。
现在,作为与本发明的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物结构相似的化合物,已知有日本专利公开公报昭55-22636、昭60-51189、昭61-85372、昭61-286376、平1-131169、平2-83384、平5-213913、平8-333355、平9-48771、平9-169746、欧洲专利申请出版物0441605、WO92/07839等中的噻唑烷-2,4-二酮。然而,所有这些化合物均是在结构上与本发明化合物不同的噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物。
关于报告PPARα激动作用的专利有WO97/25042、WO97/36579等,然而所有这些均与本发明化合物的结构不同,而且PPARα的转录活化作用的强度也并不令人满意。
高脂血症和糖尿病均是动脉硬化的危险因素,因此从预防动脉硬化疾病、尤其是冠状动脉硬化的观点来看,临床上希望开发出有效且安全性高的代谢性疾病治疗药。
发明的揭示
本发明者以制造出作为代谢性疾病治疗药的有效、安全性高且结构上新的药物为目的,着眼于人PPAR对于脂质代谢和脂肪细胞分化等的特异性作用作了深入的研究,结果发现,以下通式(1)表示的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物具有优秀的PPAR转录激活作用,并且表现出降低血糖的作用和减少脂质的作用,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明涉及通式(1)表示的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐和其水合物:
式中:R1表示氯原子、溴原子、硝基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基,R2表示氢原子或氯原子。
本发明中通式(1)表示的化合物的盐类是常用的,可以是金属盐如碱金属盐(如钠盐、钾盐等)、碱土金属盐(如钙盐、镁盐等)、铝盐等药学上可接受的盐。
另外,在通式(1)表示的化合物中,认为存在各种互变异构体,其例如下式所示。
式中:R1表示氯原子、溴原子、硝基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基,R2表示氢原子或氯原子。在上述通式(1)中,这些异构体和它们的混合物均包括在本发明范围内。
根据本发明,上述通式(1)的化合物例如可用以下方法制得(方案1)。
方案1
即,通式(1)表示的化合物可通过公知(日本专利公开公报平8-333355)的化合物(2)和通式(3)表示的化合物反应(步骤1)制得
式中R1表示氯原子、溴原子、硝基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基,R2表示氢原子或氯原子。
步骤1的反应可通过保持羧基不变或将其转变成反应性衍生物来进行。
作为“羧基的反应性衍生物”,例如有酰基氯、酰基溴、酸酐、羰基咪唑等。在采用反应性衍生物的场合下,反应可在诸如二氯甲烷、氯仿、二噁烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等溶剂中,在例如氢化钠等碱金属氢化物、氢氧化钠等碱金属氢氧化物、碳酸钠等碱金属碳酸盐、或吡啶、三乙胺等有机碱的碱存在下或不存在下进行。
在保持羧酸不变进行反应的情况下,反应可在二氯甲烷、氯仿、二噁烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等溶剂中,在缩合剂存在下,在碱存在或不存在下,在添加剂存在或不存在下进行。
作为缩合剂,例如是二环己基碳二亚胺、1-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基]-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、氰基磷酸二乙酯、叠氮磷酸二苯酯、羰基二咪唑等。作为碱例如有氢氧化钠等碱金属氢氧化物、碳酸钾等碱金属碳酸盐、或吡啶、三乙胺等有机碱。作为添加剂,例如有N-羟基苯并三唑、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺、3,4-二氢-3-羟基-4-氧代-1,2,3-苯并三嗪等。反应温度是-20℃至100℃,较佳的可在0℃至50℃下进行反应。
本发明新化合物的给药形式例如是以片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、粉末剂、吸入剂、糖浆等口服给药,或者用注射、栓剂进行肠胃外给药。
实施发明的最佳方式
下面将根据本发明的具体例子进行说明,然而本发明并不局限于这些例子。
(实施例1)
N-[(4-硝基苯基)甲基]-5-[(2,4-二氧代噻唑烷-5-基)甲基]-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺
将5-[(2,4-二氧代噻唑烷-5-基)甲基]-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(422毫克,1.50毫摩尔)、三乙胺(0.732毫升,5.25毫摩尔)和二氯甲烷(7毫升)混合,冰冷却搅拌下加入氯甲酸乙酯(0.158毫升,1.50毫摩尔)。冰冷却搅拌10分钟后,加入4-硝基苄胺(283毫克,1.50毫摩尔)。室温下搅拌2小时后静置过夜。反应液用水洗后用无水硫酸钠干燥并浓缩。残留物溶解在20毫升水中,用10%盐酸调至酸性,搅拌2小时。滤取析出的结晶,水洗并干燥,然后在乙醇中重结晶,得到472毫克(75%)淡黄色棱柱形结晶标题化合物。
熔点236.5-238.5℃;
质量分析值:m/z 415(M+)
元素分析值(%)C19H17N3O6S:
计算值(%):C,54.93;H,4.12;N,10.12.
实测值(%):C,54.84;H,4.14;N,9.98.
(实施例2-9)
与实施例1一样操作,获得以下化合物。
(表1)
实施例 R1 R2 熔点(℃) 化学式 元素分析(%)
2 4-Br H 198.0-200.0 C18H17BrN2O4S 计算值:C50.79,H3.81,N6.23
实测值:C50.75,H3.75,N6.16
3 4-Cl H 199.0-201.0 C18H17ClN2O4S 计算值:C56.36,H4.23,N6.92
实测值:C56.27,H4.24,N6.82
4 3-CF3O H 无定形 C20H17F3N2O5S 计算值;C52.86,H3.77,N6.16
实测值:C52.82,H3.75,N6.08
5 4-EtO H 130.0-132.0 C21H22N2O5S 计算值;C60.85,H5.35,N6.76
实测值;C60.87,H5.30,N6.73
6 4-nPrO H 79.0-91.5 C22H24N2O5S·H2O 计算值:C59.18,H5.87,N6.27
实测值;C59.27,H5.74,N6.28
7 4-nPrO H 132.0-133.0 C22H24N2O5S·1/5H2O 计算值:C61.15,H5.69,N6.48
实测值:C61.03,H5.51,N6.37
8 4-Cl 2-Cl 188.0-189.0 C19H16Cl2N2O4S·1/5H2O 计算值:C51.52,H3.73,N6.32
实测值;C51.63,H3.60,N6.29
9 4-Cl 3-Cl 181.0-182.0 C12H15Cl2N2O4S·1/5H2O 计算值:C51.52,H3.73,N6.32
实测值;C51.45,H3.55,N6.30
<生物活性>
(试验例1)
对于过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活的受体α和γ的转录激活试验
在含10%除去了游离脂肪酸的胎牛血清的Ham′s F-12培养基中培养CHO细胞,在无血清状态下利用胺类脂转染剂(lipofectamine)将受体质粒及其报道质粒(STRATAGENE公司)和作为内部标准的β-半乳糖苷酶质粒(Promega公司)共转染到该CHO细胞中,其中所述受体质粒表达酵母转录因子DNA结合结构域和人PPARα和γ的配体结合结构域(Biochemistry,1993,32,5598)的融合蛋白。随后,将测试化合物和对照化合物(PPARγ的对照药物为托利特宗和派利特宗,PPARα的对照药物为(8S)-HETE)溶解在DMSO中,用含10%除去游离脂肪酸的胎牛血清的Ham′s F-12培养基调至DMSO的最终浓度为0.01%,进行培养。培养24小时后,测定CAT活性和β-半乳糖苷酶活性。
结果显示在表2中。这些结果表明,本发明的化合物对于人过氧化物酶体增殖剂活化受体α和γ有强效的转录激活作用。
表2
实施例 转录激活作用
PPARα PPARγ
EC50(微摩尔/升) EC50(微摩尔/升)
1 0.53 1.6
2 0.49 0.29
3 0.26 0.40
4 0.18 0.36
5 0.43 0.30
6 0.76 0.11
7 0.11 1.8
8 0.22 0.28
9 0.70 1.1
托利特宗 - 1.15
派利特宗 - 0.72
(8S)-HETE 1.30 -
产业上利用的可能性
根据上述结果,本发明的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物是具有优秀的人PPAR转录激活作用的新化合物类。
从本发明的这些化合物对人PPAR有激活性的事实来看,可以说它们是可作为上述糖尿病治疗药和/或高脂血症治疗药的有效化合物。
Claims (8)
1.通式(1)表示的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,
式中,R1表示氯原子、溴原子、乙氧基或异丙氧基,R2表示氢原子或氯原子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中R1是乙氧基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中R1是氯原子。
4.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中R1和R2是氯原子。
5.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中该取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物是N-[(4-乙氧基苯基)甲基]-5-[(2,4-二氧代噻唑烷-5-基)甲基]-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺。
6.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中该取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物是N-[(4-氯苯基)甲基]-5-[(2,4-二氧代噻唑烷-5-基)甲基]-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺。
7.根据权利要求1所述的取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或其水合物,其中该取代的苄基噻唑烷-2,4-二酮衍生物是N-[(2,4-二氯苯基)甲基]-5-[(2,4-二氧代噻唑烷-5-基)甲基]-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺。
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CN1382130A (zh) | 2002-11-27 |
ATE296293T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
DE60020375T2 (de) | 2006-11-23 |
CA2382582A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
AU781076B2 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
US6780431B1 (en) | 2004-08-24 |
TWI225050B (en) | 2004-12-11 |
HUP0203222A3 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
AU6594800A (en) | 2001-03-19 |
EP1207158A4 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
HUP0203222A2 (hu) | 2003-01-28 |
WO2001014352A1 (fr) | 2001-03-01 |
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