CN1202921A - 用于包装电子元件的封皮带 - Google Patents
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Abstract
为了解决剥离强度对热合条件依赖性大的问题、在储存条件下各种各样的性能随着时间推移发生变化的问题、分层问题、附聚作用问题和透明度问题,提供了一种适合包装电子元件的剥离强度稳定的封皮带。该封皮带由双轴取向膜、中间层和热合剂层组成,其中双轴取向膜是由聚酯、聚丙烯和尼龙中任何一种材料制成的,中间层由以聚乙烯为主要成分的混合物制成,热合剂层由热塑树脂和填料的混合物组成。
Description
本发明的技术领域
这项发明涉及一种可与塑料承载带热合的封皮带,该承载带被已加工成适合包装的形状并且具有下述功能之一,即在储存运输和安装电子元件时防止电子元件污染以及在将电子元件安装到电子电路基片上时用于排列和取出电子元件。
本发明的技术背景
最近,表面安装的电子元件(如IC、晶体管、二极管、电容器、压电元件和电阻等)已封装在由承载带和可与该承载带热合的封皮带组成的包装中提供给用户,其中在承载带上形成连续的与电子元件形状一致的浮雕状的模塑槽并将电子元件封装在该模塑槽中。从承载带上揭掉封皮带后,电子元件自动地从包装中脱出并被安装到电子电路基片表面。
从承载带上剥离封皮带所用的力被称为“剥离强度”,当该强度太低时出现这样的问题,即在运输期间包装的封皮带脱开,于是被封装的电子元件将掉出来。另一方面,当该强度太高时引起下述现象,即在剥离封皮带时引起承载带振动,致使电子元件恰好在安装前从储运包装中跳出,引起转移事故(jumping trouble)。
现在上市的封皮带从承载带上剥离的机理被分成三种类型:界面剥离型、转移剥离型和内聚力失效型。界面剥离型指的是这样一种类型,即封皮带与承载带在热合表面上相互剥离。转移剥离型指的是在剥离时粘接层本身被转移到承载带上,而内聚力失效型指的是某个与粘接层不同的膜层或粘接层本身(这两种膜层在文中均被称为内聚力失效层)被破坏引起剥离。在这几种类型中每一种都有自己的优点和缺点,但是,仅仅就热合在承载带上的封皮带的剥离状态对它们进行比较,由于热合表面与剥离表面是同一表面,所以界面剥离型倾向于受承载带的形状、材料和性能的影响,剥离强度也因此变得不稳定。
就转移剥离型而言,从机理上看粘接层必须是膜,而且必须使用所谓的热封胶。所以,剥离强度倾向于对热合温度敏感,因此很难掌握获取适当的剥离强度的热合条件。
就内聚力失效型而言,热合表面与剥离表面是不同的,因此剥离强度对热合条件的依赖性比较小。此外,内聚力失效型具有这样一个优点,即剥离强度不受承载带的形状、材料和性能的影响。但是,在某些情况下,剥离时内聚力失效层受包括粘接层在内其它膜层的影响,并且在没有引起内聚力失效的情况下发生界面剥离。确定内聚力失效层破裂的位置也是困难的,因此,在剥离期间内聚力失效层留在承载带上,致使被包装物不能自动脱出。
内聚力失效层本身是为了容易破裂而设计的,因此在许多情况下它由多种树脂的混合物组成,这些树脂是彼此很难混溶的树脂,所以混合并不均匀。这导致封皮带的透明度差,并且在某些情况下由于附聚作用导致一些不足。在某些情况下,耐热性差的树脂也被包含在树脂混合物中。由于这些原因,在形成内聚力失效层时出现附聚物或降解的产品,并且在许多情况下降低生产率。例如,日本专利1,347,759(申请人:UCB Societe Anonyme)在权利要求5中列举一种聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯的弹性体嵌段共聚物(或苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯的弹性体嵌段共聚物)的共混物,但是,当试图采用该共混物形成内聚力失效层时,在处理温度超过200℃时丁二烯或异戊二烯成分引起聚合反应,形成附聚物并导致生产率显著下降。
本发明公开
本发明的目的是获得这样一种因内聚力失效而剥离的封皮带,当该封皮带在从承载带上剥离时,其剥离强度与热合温度无关;在储存环境下随着时间的流逝其各种性能的变化小;而且其热合能力是稳定的。
依据本发明提供了一种用于包装电子元件的封皮带,该封皮带能够与塑料承载带热合,其特征是封皮带由双轴取向膜、热合剂层和中间层组成,其中双轴取向膜由聚酯、聚丙烯和尼龙中的任何一种材料制成的;热合剂层由混合物制成,该混合物由100份重量的软化点在40至130℃之间的热塑树脂和1至60份重量的粒度在0.2至20μm之间的填料组成;中间层位于双轴取向膜和热合剂层之间并且以聚乙烯作为它的主要成分。
附图简要说明
图1是横截面图,说明本发明的封皮带的层结构。
图2是横截面图,说明本发明的封皮带处于与承载带粘接的状态。
在图1和图2中,数字1指的是封皮带,2是双轴取向膜,3是中间层,4是热合剂层,5是待热合的部分,6是承载带。
实施本发明的最佳模式
在本发明用于包装电子元件的封皮带的优先的实施方案中,作为外层的双轴取向膜的厚度介于5至30μm之间;中间层的厚度介于5至50μm之间,并且是由混合物制成的,该混合物由100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min(每10分钟10至30克)的聚乙烯和5至100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min的聚苯乙烯组成,或者是在上述混合物中添加1至50份重量的其它成分获得的混合物,其中所述成分是从一组聚合物中选定的至少一种聚合物,该组聚合物由熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min的加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min的加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物组成;热合剂层的厚度介于0.2至3μm之间,它由100份重量的软化温度介于40至130℃之间的聚甲基丙烯酸酯或软化温度介于40至130℃之间的氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯基酯共聚物和1至60份重量的粒度为0.2至20μm的填料组成,其中所述填料至少包括下述成分之一,供选择的成分包括硅石、滑石、碳酸钙、粘土、聚乙烯颗粒、交联的丙烯酸系树脂颗粒和交联的苯乙烯树脂颗粒;并且在封皮带与承载带之间剥离强度为每毫米封合宽度10至120克。
现在参照图1解释本发明的封皮带1的组成。外层2是双轴取向膜,它由聚酯、聚丙烯或尼龙当中的任何一种材料制成,并且是高刚性的透明膜,其厚度为5至30μm。当厚度低于5μm时该膜失去刚性并且封皮带容易破裂。当厚度高于30μm时膜太硬,封口变得不稳定。
为了能够使内聚力失效,中间层3是厚度为5至50μm的膜,该膜由100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min的聚乙烯和5至100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min的聚苯乙烯组成的混合物构成,或者由100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min的聚乙烯、5至100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min的聚苯乙烯以及1至50份重量的从熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min的加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min的加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中选定的至少一种聚合物组成的混合物制成。中间层优先采用挤塑层压法制备,因为这种方法成本低并且从卫生的观点看符合要求。
当聚乙烯的熔体流动速度低于10g/10min或者聚苯乙烯的熔体流动速度低于10g/10min时,或者当加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物或加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的熔体流动速度低于30g/10min时,用挤塑层压法形成的膜的展性低,不可能形成适当的膜。此外,当聚乙烯的熔体流动速度高于30g/10min或者聚苯乙烯的熔体流动速度高于30g/10min时,或者当加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物或加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的熔体流动速度高于250g/10min时,颈缩剧烈,因此不可能形成适当的膜。
在每100份重量的聚乙烯中聚苯乙烯的用量少于5份重量时,在中间层不发生内聚力失效。当聚苯乙烯成分用量大于100份重量时,掺混性下降,也不可能形成膜。当加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和(或)加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的用量低于1份重量时,可见光的透明度变成75%或更低。当该用量高于50份重量时,挤塑层压时引起膜厚度变化。当借助挤塑层压法将中间层的厚度调整到小于5μm时,厚度的变化尤为显著,不能获得适当的剥离强度。当该厚度大于50μm时,有可能发生这样的现象,即在剥离时内聚力失效层留在承载带的表面。
为了增加这两层的层压强度,外层和中间层可以通过粘接层层压在一起,其中粘接层的材料可以是热固性树脂(如异氰酸酯型或亚胺型热固性树脂),也可以是热塑性树脂(如聚乙烯)。
热合剂层4优先具有0.2至3μm的厚度,并且由100份重量的聚甲基丙烯酸酯或氯乙烯-乙烯基乙酸酯共聚物和1至60份重量的粒度为0.2至20μm的填料组成,其中填料是从硅石、滑石、碳酸钙、粘土、聚乙烯颗粒、交联的丙烯酸系树脂颗粒和交联的苯乙烯树脂颗粒组成的一组物质中选定的。由于这个膜层非常薄,最优先采用凹槽辊涂法制备。作为聚甲基丙烯酸酯例如包括甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物。借助改变共聚比,可以使该共聚物的软化温度在40至130℃范围内变化。作为氯乙烯和乙酸乙烯基酯的共聚物例如包括DicsealA-100Z系列产品(由DAINIPPON INK & CHEMICALS INC.制造)。该产品的软化温度依据产品代号变化。当软化温度低于40℃时,在封皮带的储存过程中有引起粘连的可能性,当软化温度超过130℃时有必要提高热合温度,在这种情况下担心承载带本身破裂。
当填料的粒度小于0.2μm或者填料用量少于1份重量时,将引起所谓的粘连现象,即封皮带在不低于60℃的高温环境中储存时,不可能再重新盘卷。此外,当填料的粒度大于20μm或者填料用量高于60份重量时,透明度下降并且可见光的透明度将低于75%。当热合剂层厚度低于0.2μm时,很难获得均匀的厚度,因此不可能获得稳定的剥离强度。当该厚度大于3μm时,在热合剂层中发生内聚力失效,剥离强度也变得不稳定。
为了改善抗静电性能,在外层(即双轴取向膜)的两侧提供抗静电处理层(或导电层)。
中间层所用树脂的组成致使封皮带1和承载带6之间的粘接强度变成每毫米封合宽度10至120克,优先使之变成每毫米封合宽度10至70克。当剥离强度低于10g时,存在这样的问题,即在包装运输期间封皮带脱开,致使被包装的电子元件掉出来。反之,当剥离强度高于120g时,剥离封皮带将引起承载带振动,致使电子元件恰好在安装之前从储运包装中跳出,即引起转移事故。依据本发明能够获得符合需要的性能,即对热合条件的依赖性低而且在储存条件下随着时间的推移剥离强度的变化小。
此外,封皮带的组成还致使可见光的透明度不低于75%,优先不低于80%,因此,封存在承载带中的电子元件可以通过视觉或机械方法得到确认。当上述的透明度低于75%时,确认承载带中的电子元件是困难的。
下面的实施例将更详细地解释本发明,但是这些实施例仅仅是为了说明而不是一种限制。
实施例1至7和对照实施例1至6
利用表1或表2中的配方,借助挤塑层压法(挤塑温度:280℃)在厚度为25μm的双轴取向聚酯膜上形成厚度为30μm的中间层,然后借助凹槽辊涂法形成厚度为1μm的热合剂层,最终获得具有图1所示膜层组成的封皮带。获得的封皮带被切成5.3mm宽,然后将切好的封皮带与8mm宽的PET承载带热合到一起。用得到的贴合件进行测量,以确定其剥离机理、剥离强度可见光的透明度以及在60℃的环境温度储存时封皮带的粘连状态。关于实施例的特性评估结果示于表1,有关对照实施例的结果示于表2。
表1
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | ||
中间层的配方 | 聚乙烯 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
聚苯乙烯 | 10 | 30 | 90 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | |
SEBS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 45 | 7 | 0 | |
SEPS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | ||
热合剂层配方 | 热塑树脂 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 | Acryl,100 |
填料 | 滑石,30 | 硅石,3 | 蜡,4 | *,55 | 硅石,30 | **,2 | *,55 | |
粒度(μm) | 3 | 1.4 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 12 | 7 | |
可见光的透明度 | 87 | 86 | 88 | 77 | 76 | 87 | 78 | |
剥离强度初始值(g/mm封口宽度) | 48 | 51 | 62 | 45 | 30 | 54 | 43 | |
粘连状态 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
剥离机理 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 | 内聚力失效 |
表2
对照实施例1 | 对照实施例2 | 对照实施例3 | 对照实施例4 | 对照实施例5 | 对照实施例6 | ||
中间层配万 | 聚乙烯 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
聚苯乙烯 | 4 | 110 | 30 | 30 | 4 | 110 | |
SEBS | 0 | 0 | 70 | 7 | 7 | 7 | |
粘接层配方 | 热塑树脂 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 | VC-VA,100 | Acryl,100 |
填料 | 滑石,70 | 硅石,0.5 | 蜡,40 | *,0.5 | 硅石,30 | **,2 | |
粒度(μm) | 3 | 1.4 | 10 | 30 | 0.1 | 12 | |
可见光的透明度 | 64 | 70 | 71 | 64 | 84 | 72 | |
剥离强度初始值(g/mm封口宽度) | 10 | 72 | 12 | 55 | 8 | 67 | |
粘连状态 | ○ | × | ○ | × | × | ○ | |
剥离机理 | 界面剥离 | 内聚力失效 | 界面剥离 | 内聚力失效 | 界面剥离 | 内聚力失效 |
关于表1和表2的说明
热合条件:160℃/1kg/cm2/0.1sec.,热合宽度0.4mm×2
剥离条件:180°剥离,剥离速度300mm/min.,n=3
中间层配方中的数字是与每100份重量的聚乙烯搭配的重量份数。
热合剂层配方中的数字是与每100份重量的热塑树脂搭配的填料的重量份数。
粘连状态:○表示没有粘连现象;×表示引起粘连并且该封皮带是不实用的
VC-VA:氯乙烯和乙酸乙烯基酯的共聚物,其软化温度为45℃(由DAINIPPON INK & CHEMICALS,INC.制造的Dickseal A-100Z-5A)
Acryl:甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物,其软化温度为60℃(由Osaka Printing Ink MFG Co.,Ltd.制造)
滑石:无机填料,其主要成分为水合的硅酸镁矿物(由Nippon TalcCo.,Ltd制造的Microcae L-1)
蜡:聚乙烯蜡
*:交联的丙烯酸系树脂(由Soken Kagaku K.K制造)
**:交联的苯乙烯树脂(由Soken Kagaku K.K制造)
硅石:无机填料,以二氧化硅作为它的主要成分
聚乙烯的熔体流动速度:20g/10min.
聚苯乙烯的熔体流动速度:22g/10min.
SEBS:加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,其熔体流动速度为120g/min.
SEPS:加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,其熔体流动速度为150g/min.工业实用性
这项发明提供了一种封皮带,该封皮带不受热合期间热合条件变化的影响,随着时间的推移各种性能不发生变化,并且具有稳定的剥离强度。这种封皮带是一种非常适合包装电子元件的封皮带,它可以用作储运电子元件的承载带系统的封皮材料。
Claims (7)
1.一种适合包装电子元件的封皮带,该封皮带可以与塑料承载带热合,其特征是该封皮带由双轴取向膜、热合剂层和中间层组成,其中双轴取向膜是由聚酯、聚丙烯和尼龙当中任何一种材料制成的;热合剂层由混合物组成,该混合物由100份重量的软化温度为40至130℃的热塑树脂和1至60份重量的粒度为0.2至20μm的填料组成;中间层位于双轴取向膜和热合剂层之间并以聚乙烯作为主要成分。
2.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其特征是中间层由树脂组合物组成,该组合物由100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min.的聚乙烯和5至100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min.的聚苯乙烯组成。
3.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其特征是中间层由树脂组合物组成,该组合物由100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min.的聚乙烯、5至100份重量的熔体流动速度为10至30g/10min.的聚苯乙烯、以及1至50份重量的在熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min.的加氢的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物和熔体流动速度为30至250g/10min.的加氢的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物组成的一组聚合物中选定的至少一种聚合物组成。
4.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其特征是在热合剂层中的热塑树脂是聚甲基丙烯酸酯或氯乙烯和乙酸乙烯基酯的共聚物。
5.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其中填料是由至少一种成分组成的,该成分是在硅石、滑石、碳酸钙、粘土、聚乙烯颗粒、交联的丙烯酸系树脂颗粒和交联的苯乙烯树脂颗粒组成的一组物质中选定的。
6.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其特征是双轴取向膜的厚度为5至30μm,中间层的厚度为5至50μm,热合剂层的厚度为0.2至3μm。
7.根据权利要求1的用于包装电子元件的封皮带,其中中间层所用树脂的组成致使封皮带与承载带之间的剥离强度为每毫米封合宽度10至120克。
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DE (1) | DE69604083T2 (zh) |
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- 1996-11-18 DE DE69604083T patent/DE69604083T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 US US09/068,968 patent/US6017623A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 CN CN96198497A patent/CN1124323C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-18 EP EP96938495A patent/EP0862602B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 WO PCT/JP1996/003376 patent/WO1997019140A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-18 KR KR10-1998-0703578A patent/KR100425971B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-20 TW TW085114269A patent/TW406123B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0862602B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 |
KR19990067555A (ko) | 1999-08-25 |
MY119782A (en) | 2005-07-29 |
WO1997019140A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
DE69604083T2 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
DE69604083D1 (de) | 1999-10-07 |
TW406123B (en) | 2000-09-21 |
KR100425971B1 (ko) | 2005-05-09 |
EP0862602A1 (en) | 1998-09-09 |
US6017623A (en) | 2000-01-25 |
CN1124323C (zh) | 2003-10-15 |
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