CN1186945C - 用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1186945C
CN1186945C CNB981253326A CN98125332A CN1186945C CN 1186945 C CN1186945 C CN 1186945C CN B981253326 A CNB981253326 A CN B981253326A CN 98125332 A CN98125332 A CN 98125332A CN 1186945 C CN1186945 C CN 1186945C
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让－克劳德·谢夫特
迪蒂尔·多延
杰勒德·里利
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Technicolor SA
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
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    • G09G3/291—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes
    • G09G3/293—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes for address discharge
    • G09G3/2935—Addressed by erasing selected cells that are in an ON state
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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Abstract

一种用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法，显示屏由按行和列布置的多个单元组成，为形成一个象素，若干相邻的单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖，在一个帧周期的时间内，根据要显示的灰度电平，一个象素的这些单元被置于“关断”状态或者“接通”状态。根据该方法，在象素上，第一灰度电平和相邻的第二灰度电平之间的转换被检测，如果此转换大于一个阈值，由有余辉的荧光粉覆盖的单元的状态要在此帧周期结束之前被改变为第二灰度电平。本发明尤其适用于等离子板。

Description

用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉 的余辉差异的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于补偿彩色图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法。它还涉及一种用于控制实现该方法的图象显示屏的装置。
背景技术
本发明将特别参照由等离子板构成的显示屏来描述，等离子板或者是带存储器的直流型的或者是交流型的。不过，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，本发明显然可以应用于其它类型的图象显示屏，尤其是彩色图象显示屏，其中，为形成一个彩色象素，若干相邻的单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖。
按公知的方式，等离子板是平面屏幕显示装置，这种装置是根据气体中放电的原理工作的。等离子板或者PDP通常具有两个绝缘极板，这两个极板界定了一个空间，此空间填充含有氖和氙的气体混合物。这些极板支撑两个或多个交叉电极阵列。电极的每一交叉处界定了一个单元，对应于只有很小体积的气体。通过向相应的两个交叉电极施加合适的电压，每一(对应小)体积的气体中均可产生放电。交叉的电极分别构成显示屏的行和列。行和列电极的数量确定了屏的分辨率。列电极和行电极的每一交叉处将对应于包含所述体积的气体的一个视频(图象)单元。在彩色图象显示屏的情况下，每一单元将由不同色彩的荧光粉特别是红、绿或蓝色荧光粉覆盖，所述单元组合成多个三元组，每个三元组形成一个视频(图象)象素。相应地，则有数量与象素的三倍一样多的列电极。另一方面，行电极的数量等于等离子板中的行的数量。
如果是这种矩阵式结构，为了激发一个特定的视频单元并由此在多个分离的点上获得等离子状态的气体，在一个行电极和一个列电极的交叉处施加一个电位差就足够了。气体激发产生的紫外线于是将轰击红、绿或蓝色荧光粉，并由此使红、绿或蓝色单元导通。为了获得电视型图象的红、绿和蓝三个分量，用于激发单元的电气条件应维持相同。这三个分量只能通过选择三种不同的荧光粉来获得。结果，为了实现良好的色彩均匀性，对荧光粉作合适的选择是重要的。在目前使用的荧光粉中，成分为Mn:Zn2SiO4的荧光粉被用作绿色荧光粉。与红色和蓝色荧光粉不同，绿色荧光粉具有约28毫秒(ms)的余辉，而红色荧光粉的余辉小于5毫秒，蓝色荧光粉的余辉小于1毫秒。绿色荧光粉的这种余辉必须被置入20毫秒的帧周期中。相应地，例如在白-黑时间转换(transition)期间，即当从白色帧转换至黑色帧时，绿色荧光粉将在转换之后继续发光一段时间，此段时间比一个帧周期要长，如图1所示，其中：
曲线a)示出入射的视频信号；
曲线b)示出红色荧光粉的响应；
曲线c)示出绿色荧光粉的响应；
曲线d)示出蓝色荧光粉的响应；
横条e)图示出各种灰度电平。这将导致在这个转换中产生绿色余辉的痕迹。同样的情况将适于黑-白转换过程，这将导致在此转换中产生深红色余辉的痕迹，如图2所示，其中曲线a)、b)、c)和d)以及横条e)与图1中具有相同的含义。但是，这种绿色余辉将对均匀的区域没有影响。这是因为灰度电平保持不变，眼睛将感觉不到任何差异。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种简单的方法，使得有可能弥补在大的转换诸如黑-白或白-黑转换期间的这些余辉缺陷。
因此，本发明的主题是一种用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法，所述显示屏由按行和列布置的多个单元组成，为形成一个象素，若干相邻的单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖，在一帧周期的时间内，根据要显示的灰度电平，一个象素的这些单元被置于“关断”状态或者“接通”状态，该方法的特征在于，在此象素上，第一灰度电平和一个相邻的第二灰度电平之间的转换被检测，并且如果此转换大于一个阈值，由有余辉的荧光粉覆盖的单元的状态要在此帧周期结束之前被改变为第二灰度电平。
根据一个优选实施例，转换是通过比较第(n-1)帧和第n帧检测的，以便检测出大于所述阈值的帧间差值。进一步，在等离子板的情况下，在一个帧周期内分布的不同持续时间的n次连续的副扫描期间，每一单元处于关断状态或者导通状态。在这种情况下，至少最后一次副扫描被改变为第二灰度电平。
根据一个优选实施例，当第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值为负的时，最后一次副扫描被改变为0，而当第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值为正的时，最后一次副扫描被改变为1。
根据本发明，所检测的转换为强转换，即，在一个象素上，白色帧和黑色帧之间的转换或者黑色帧和白色帧之间的转换。
本发明还涉及一种用于控制实现上述方法的显示屏的装置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，该控制装置包括一个视频处理电路，此视频处理电路接收作为输入的一个视频信号并且发送视频编码字，此视频处理电路具有与形成一个象素的单元同样多的初级处理电路，所述单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖，还包括一个视频存储器，用于接收视频编码字并向一个用于提供(驱动)显示屏的列的电路发送列控制字。该装置的特征在于，所述视频处理电路包括与由有余辉的荧光粉覆盖的单元相对应、用于检测第一灰度电平与第二灰度电平之间的转换的转换检测装置，并且，所述视频处理电路还包括根据转换检测装置的结果而修正视频信息的视频信息修正电路。
根据一个优选实施例，转换检测装置包括一个用于存储第(n-1)帧的电路和一个计算电路，计算电路用于计算每一象素上第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值，并且当此差值大于一个阈值时发送一个控制信号。另外，每一初级处理电路对视频信号进行代码转换操作，以便发送视频控制字。因此，修正电路电路根据由计算第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值的电路发送的控制信号，改变由对应初级处理电路输出的视频控制字的值。
根据本发明的一个附加特征，图象显示屏是等离子板。
附图说明
通过阅读下面给出的一个优选实施例的详细说明，本发明的其他特征和优点将变得清楚明了，此说明参照以下附图：
图1示出了对应于一个象素的入射视频信号和在白-黑转换期间各种荧光粉的响应曲线；
图2在前面已经说明，它示出了在黑-白转换期间的与图1相同的曲线；
图3示出了与图1相同的曲线，这些曲线是采用本发明的方法在白-黑转换期间获得的；
图4示出了在黑-白转换期间的与图3相同的曲线；以及
图5示出了等离子板的控制装置中的一个视频处理电路的方框图，其中包括用于实现本发明的电路。
具体实施方式
为了简化说明，各图中相同的部分以相同的参考符号标示。
下面将参照一种等离子(显示)板对本发明进行描述。为了更清楚地理解它是如何工作的，将首先回忆等离子板的各种寻址方法。
等离子板的一个基本单元只能处于两种状态，即，关断状态和导通状态。业已知道，由于对一个象素发射的光量进行模拟调制是不可能的，通过在帧周期T内对象素的发射时间的时域调制会产生多个中间色调或灰度电平(level)。这个帧周期由数值T0的多倍的子周期(T0，2T0，…，2n-1T0)组成，子周期的数量与视频信号的编码位(n位)相同。基于n次副扫描，通过组合构成线性分布的亮度的2n个不同的灰度电平是可能的。
因此，通过时域调制产生灰度电平的方法需要在一个帧周期内访问(access)每一象素(或单元)，这意味着在此帧期间存储视频信息。屏幕寻址顺序是从借助于两个高压脉冲选择一个整行(complete line)开始的，所述高压脉冲是由一个放大器产生的并且通过行供给(驱动)(line-supply)电路施加至电极。第一脉冲擦除此整行，而第二脉冲则前置(preposition)记录。所选择的行的各象素同时由来自于列供给(驱动)(column-supply)电路的一个信号寻址。这些电路被预先装有来自于一个图象存储器的信息，并且根据预装的视频信息，采用一个高压信号或者采用一个地信号对列电极进行寻址，所述高压信号遮掩(mask)写脉冲。这个信息仅仅由象素编码位之一组成，其它的(编码)位将在此帧周期内的其它次(副扫描时)被处理。(编码)位的集合下面称作列控制字。因此，象素的状态取决于其单元的端子上施加的电压的差值。于是，这个状态-关断或导通-是由该(等离子)板的所有单元公用的一个交流信号维持的，直到这一行被再次寻址(存储效应)。
为了在一帧的周期内访问每一象素，总共需要扫描等离子板n次。因此，对该板的扫描很快变成复杂的，因为屏的每一行必须被寻址n次，每一次都按照上面描述的程序进行。用于对等离子板寻址的各种参数，即所显示的图象的行数N1、一行的寻址时间tad和屏的扫描次数n与图象周期T之间的关系如下式所表示的：
T≥n·N1·tad。
因此，一个等离子板的完整扫描由对N1行寻址的n个序列组成。n次副扫描由此而被确定，这些副扫描的每一次用于对视频信号的编码位之一的处理，或者更准确地说，是对列控制字之一的处理。
根据本发明，为了校正由于特定的有余辉的荧光粉尤其是绿色荧光粉引起的余辉效应，采用对n次副扫描进行编码，以便使视频信号的至少最后一个编码位改变为与第二灰度电平相应的电平，即，根据检测到的转换的类型，或者改变为白色电平或者改变为黑色电平。
上面描述的灰度电平的时域调制的原理包括在整个持续时间即在20毫秒内分布要发射的信息。在白-黑转换时，单元在转换前(白色区域)已经被激发，并且在转换之后(黑色区域)将不被激发。这由图3中的曲线a示出，其中，入射的RGB视频信号处于与白色区域相应的电平1，此后即在40毫秒以后，此信号变成与黑色区域相应的电平0。在本发明中，红色和蓝色荧光粉具有快的响应时间，可能象曲线b和d所示的那样。但是，由于绿色荧光粉具有长得多的余辉时间，根据本发明，为了防止余辉效应，所发射的信号电平要被修正，使所发射的视频信息在白色帧端部即正好在转换之前成为黑色，如图3中曲线c所示。相应地，绿色余辉大程度地发生在白色帧期间，由此维持白色电平。另一方面，在黑色帧期间，绿色余辉的剩余部分大大地减弱，因此绿色区域的呈现大大减弱。这被显示在图3中的横条e上，在转换期间色彩从深红色逐渐变成绿色。
在黑-白转换的情况下，如图4中所示，修正视频信号的操作将是相反的。在这种情况下，如曲线c所示，通过为绿色荧光粉预先采取黑-白转换(修正措施)，至少黑色帧内对此荧光粉的最后一次副扫描改变为1。相应地，会观察到一个逐渐减弱地从绿色变成深红色的区域，如图4中的横条e所示。
就本发明的情况而论，黑-白或者白-黑转换将在当前帧和前一帧之间被检测，校正是在前一帧上进行的。
下面将描述为了实现本发明而对视频处理电路所做的改进。如图5所示，等离子板的控制装置中所用的视频处理电路具有三个输入端，用于输入分离为绿色、红色和蓝色的视频信号，这些输入端分别被称为G、R和B。对应于每一GRB信号的当前帧(第n帧)被发送至一个图象存储器2和一个初级处理电路1，图象存储器2允许在前的一帧或第(n-1)帧被处理，初级处理电路1在n次副扫描中执行视频信息的代码转换，这些均是以本领域公知的方式实现的。由此获得的视频代码字被发送至一个未示出的图象存储器，这个存储器设置在等离子板的列供给电路之前。根据本发明，与有余辉的荧光粉相对应的用于绿色信号的初级处理电路已经被如此改进，即，根据所检测的转换，它能够使(编码)位从至少最后一次副扫描改变为0或1。如图5所示，G信号被发送至一个用于存储前一帧的电路2，使得有可能获得第(n-1)帧作为输出。第n帧和第(n-1)帧被发送至一个电路3的两个输入端，电路3计算两帧之间的差值，并检测这个差值是否大于一个阈值，以便发送一个控制信号S，此控制信号用于使至少最后一次副扫描的(编码)位改变为1或0。为此，电路1的输出被发送至一个电路4，这个电路用于修正视频信息，其工作由信号S控制。如果不存在信号S，从电路1获得的视频编码字作为输出。如果检测到一个阈值，获得的一个编码字n’作为输出，这要按上述方式修正。
下面将描述如何应用上述原理的一个特定例子。
等离子板的这种特性允许对于每一行进行10次副扫描，这总计要按10位对一个视频信号的256级电平进行编码。例如，10位代码可能如下：
1 2 4 8 16(1) 16(2) 32 48 64(1) 64(2)。
根据上述的寻址方法，按10位编码的视频信息将被时域调制，并被分布在与一帧相对应的20毫秒内。副扫描的顺序可能如下：
64(2) 48 16(2) 8 2 1 4 16(1) 32 64(1)。
64(1)副扫描最后进行，因此它对应于在下一帧的第一次副扫描之前的当前帧的最后一次副扫描。
根据本发明，首先进行的操作是检测第(n-1)帧与第n帧之间的大于一个阈值的差值，所述阈值界定了要校正的强转换。例如，检测阈值可以固定在128。考虑到上面给出的编码的模式，这相当于在低转换值的情况下使64(1)位改变为0，而在高转换值的情况下改变为1。对于要校正的象素，即在所示的实施例中由绿色荧光粉覆盖的象素，64(1)位的内容将按以下方式校正：
在一个强的负转换期间(即，当第n帧的电平比第(n-1)帧的电平低得多，(n)-(n-1)＜128时)，这个负转换必须通过使第(n-1)帧的64(1)位改变为0来预先处理；
在一个强的正转换期间(即，当第n帧的电平比第(n-1)帧的电平高得多时)，这个正转换必须通过使第(n-1)帧的64(1)位改变为1来预先处理。
本发明已经通过对一次副扫描进行校正作了描述，这相当于当最后一次副扫描对应于64(1)位时对检测到的转换预先处理5毫秒。但是，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，副扫描的次数显然可以是不同的。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于补偿图象显示屏中荧光粉的余辉差异的方法，所述显示屏由按行和列布置的多个单元组成，为形成一个象素，若干相邻的单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖，在一个帧周期的时间内，根据要显示的灰度电平，一个象素的这些单元被置于“关断”状态或者“接通”状态，该方法的特征在于，在这个象素上，第一灰度电平和一个相邻的第二灰度电平之间的转换被检测，并且如果此转换大于一个阈值，由有余辉的荧光粉覆盖的单元的状态要在此帧周期结束之前被改变为第二灰度电平。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，转换的检测是这样实现的：在每一象素上，比较第(n-1)帧和第n帧，以检测大于所述阈值的帧间差值。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，在一个帧周期内分布的不同时长的n次连续的副扫描期间，每一单元处于“关断”状态或者“接通”状态。
4.根据权利要求3的方法，其特征在于，至少最后一次副扫描被改变为第二灰度电平。
5.根据权利要求4的方法，其特征在于，在每一象素上，当第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值为负的时，最后一次副扫描被迫使为0，而当第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值为正的时，最后一次副扫描被迫使为1。
6.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，在一个象素上，第(n-1)帧为白色或者黑色，第n帧相应地为黑色或者白色。
7.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，荧光粉为红、绿和蓝色荧光粉，余辉最长的荧光粉为绿色荧光粉。
8.一种用于控制图象显示屏以实现根据权利要求1-7中任一权利要求的方法的装置，该装置包括一个视频处理电路，此视频处理电路接收作为输入的一个视频信号并且发送视频编码字，此视频处理电路具有与形成一个象素的单元同样多的初级处理电路，所述单元由不同的荧光粉覆盖，还包括一个视频存储器，用于接收视频编码字并且向一个用于提供显示屏的列的电路发送列控制字，该装置的特征在于，所述视频处理电路包括与由有余辉的荧光粉覆盖的单元相对应的、用于在帧周期结束之前检测第一灰度电平与第二灰度电平之间的转换的转换检测装置，并且，所述视频处理电路还包括根据转换检测装置的结果而修正视频信息的视频信息修正电路。
9.根据权利要求8的装置，其特征在于，转换检测装置包括一个用于存储第(n-1)帧的电路和一个计算电路，计算电路用于计算在每一象素上第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值，并且当此差值大于一个阈值时发送一个控制信号。
10.根据权利要求8或9的装置，其特征在于，每一初级处理电路对视频信号进行代码转换，以便发送视频控制字。
11.根据权利要求8或9的装置，其特征在于，所述修正电路根据由计算每一象素上的第n帧和第(n-1)帧之间的差值的电路发送的控制信号，改变由对应初级处理电路输出的视频控制字的值。
12.根据权利要求8或9的装置，其特征在于，图象显示屏是等离子板。
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