CN117814187A

CN117814187A - Ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms and cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN117814187A
Application number: CN202311806189.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张海涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-12-26
Filing date: 2023-12-26
Publication date: 2024-04-05

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms and a cultivation method thereof, wherein the farm comprises an outer frame, a plurality of cultivation areas are formed inside the outer frame, and the farm is divided into a first-age area, a second-age area, a third-age area, a fourth-age area and a fifth-age area according to the age of the tussah; the protective curtain is movably arranged on the ceiling and the periphery of the outer frame; the driving mechanism is in transmission fit with the protective curtain to drive the protective curtain to extend and retract; a row of cultivation, a water supply tank and a water supply pump arranged in each cultivation area; the cultivation row comprises cultivation tables which are connected in series and/or in parallel, the cultivation tables are provided with a water tank and a cover plate which is covered on the water tank, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the water tank, and cuttage holes for inserting branches and leaves are arranged on the cover plate. The area integration degree of the farm is high, the regional adaptive cultivation can be carried out on multiple ages of tussahs, the purposes of centralized management, centralized collection and centralized protection are achieved, and the large-scale, high-efficiency and sustainable tussah cultivation is achieved.

Description

Ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms and cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor tussah breeding, in particular to an ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms and a breeding method thereof.

Background

Oak is a generic term for plants of the genus quercus and comprises a plurality of tree species such as quercus acutissima, quercus mongolica, quercus liaotungensis, etc. As a deciduous arbor, oak is widely used in many areas of China (provinces from north to black longjiang and from south to Hunan, etc.), commonly found on hillsides or hilly areas, and most oak can be used for raising tussah. However, at present, the main cultivation methods of China tussah mainly include regional and continuous tussah gardens, such as Liaoning wide Ding and Henan Happy. Meanwhile, most tussah is cultivated into tussah gardens and hillside stocking, and the large-scale tussah gardens planted manually are mainly used, so that most tussah resources cannot be effectively utilized, and particularly wild tussah resources in sheets and forests in some mountain areas are not utilized. In addition, the tussah is mainly cultivated outdoors at present, is easily affected by weather, leaf quality and plant diseases and insect pests, often causes yield reduction of different degrees, and brings about small economic loss to silkworm farmers.

At present, the technical innovation of tussah silkworm breeding mainly focuses on indoor co-breeding of young silkworms, outdoor stocking of large silkworms and small-scale indoor full-age breeding. The method for co-rearing young silkworms comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of indoor cutting and silkworm breeding, indoor planting of oak or artemisia willow and indoor feed silkworm breeding, and feeding the oak after the oak grows up to be bred in an oak garden, an artemisia willow garden or a hillside. The defect of indoor co-rearing of young silkworms and outdoor rearing of large silkworms is mainly manifested in that: firstly, when in stocking, tussah is extremely easy to be damaged by high-temperature weather, storm, natural enemies of birds and insect pests to reduce yield; secondly, when stocking, the method has complex working procedures, and the transferring process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the labor cost is increased; thirdly, the stocking environment is bad, and young people are reluctant to engage in tussah breeding work in the wild. The method for raising the silkworms in the small-scale indoor full-age room comprises the following steps: oak branches and leaves are placed in a relatively closed container to cultivate oak silkworms and oak or artemisia willow is planted in a greenhouse to cultivate silkworms. The defects of small-scale indoor full-age silkworm breeding are mainly shown in the following steps: firstly, tussah has the characteristics of strong phototaxis, upward property and dissipation property, and the indoor feeding difficulty is high; secondly, the construction cost of indoor silkworm breeding is high, the breeding scale is small, and finally the economic benefit is low; thirdly, when the silkworms are cultivated indoors, the oak leaves are difficult to collect, preserve and store.

Tussah can live in the range of 8-30 ℃, the higher the temperature is, the shorter the age passes, and the lower the opposite temperature is, the longer the age passes, but the long-term life is unsuitable in extreme high temperature or low temperature. The optimum temperature for life is 20-25 ℃, the activity of enzyme in the silkworm body is strongest, the metabolism level of the silkworm is highest, the growth and development are fastest, and the physique is strong. The growth of tussah is greatly affected by the environmental temperature, so that the stocking of tussah is mainly concentrated at the last spring and summer and the last autumn, and the tussah cultivated at the last spring and summer and the last autumn are spring and autumn respectively. Generally, after four months and three volt days, only two stubbles can be cultivated according to the growth period of branches and leaves of the oak, when the temperature is higher, the outdoor cultivation of the oak is difficult, and the oak is easily influenced by high temperature and strong ultraviolet rays to cause a large amount of yield reduction, so that the sustainable cultivation cannot be satisfied.

Mature tussah refers to the end stage of larva development of tussah to the last age, feeding is stopped gradually, the silkworm body contracts and is slightly transparent, so that the mature tussah is called mature tussah, at the moment, silkworm excrement in the body is removed completely, and spinning is prepared for cocoon making. The cooked tussah silkworms have bright color and attractive form, are cooked, have clear taste and are deeply favored by consumers. However, the mature tussah forms have short existence time, are difficult to collect in time in a stocking state, and are solidified on the time section of tussah cultivation, so that the time of the fresh tussah mature silkworms to the market is extremely short, and consumers can hardly purchase the fresh tussah mature silkworms frequently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms, so as to solve the problems that rapid harvesting cannot be performed due to the outdoor stocking mode of tussah in the prior art and yield is reduced due to the influence of weather environment; the invention also aims to provide a cultivation method using the ecological farm.

In order to solve the problems, the ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms adopts the following technical scheme:

the ecological farm capable of continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms comprises an outer frame, wherein the outer frame is covered on the ground, a plurality of cultivation areas are formed in the outer frame, and the outer frame is divided into a first-age area, a second-age area, a third-age area, a fourth-age area and a fifth-age area according to tussah age;

the protective curtain is movably arranged on the ceiling and the periphery of the outer frame;

the driving mechanism is in transmission fit with the protective curtain to drive the protective curtain to extend and retract;

a row of cultivation, arranged in each cultivation area;

the water supply tank is used for supplying water to each culture joint row;

the water supply pump is connected between the water supply tank and the cultivation row;

the cultivation row comprises a plurality of cultivation tables which are connected in series and/or in parallel, each cultivation table is provided with a water tank and a cover plate which is covered on the water tank, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the water tank, and a cuttage jack is arranged on the cover plate and is used for inserting branches and leaves.

Further, the insertion hole is internally provided with an insertion pipe, the lower end of the insertion pipe extends below the liquid level of the water tank, the water inlet of the insertion pipe is close to the bottom of the water tank, and the water outlet of the insertion pipe is close to the top of the water tank.

Further, the collecting groove is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate on the culture table, and the top surface of the cover plate is of a convex top structure with high middle and low periphery.

Further, the outer side of the outer frame is covered with an anti-bird net.

The cultivation method adopts the following technical scheme:

according to the growth cycle of oak branches and leaves, the cultivation process comprises the following steps:

(1) Sterilizing and disinfecting an age area in advance, transferring young silkworms of the indoor ovalized silkworms to branches and leaves of the age area, and cutting the branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the age area;

(2) After the first-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the second-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the second-age area, and transferring the first-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the second-age area;

(3) After the second-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the third-age region in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the third-age region, and transferring the second-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the third-age region;

(4) After the three-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the four-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the four-age area, and transferring the three-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the four-age area;

(5) After the four-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the five-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the five-age area, and transferring the four-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the five-age area;

(6) After stopping feeding of the five-age tussah, collecting the five-age tussah;

recycling the continuous cultivation of the steps (1) to (6) in the process of any one of the steps (1) to (6) according to the interval time of the silkworm ovation of young silkworms; circulating water supply is realized in the culture tables of the culture areas; the protective curtain is selectively opened and closed according to the solar illumination intensity and weather change of the day so as to shade light, shield rain and prevent wind for tussah in each cultivation area.

Further, in each cultivation area, branches and leaves are cut into each jack of each cultivation platform at intervals in a one-by-one mode, when tussah silkworms of each age are transferred, the branches and leaves with tussah silkworms in the previous step are cut into the spaced inserting jacks between two branches and leaves of the cultivation platform in the subsequent step, and tussah silkworm transfer is achieved in a mode of actively seeking food by the tussah silkworms.

Further, in any step from the step (1) to the step (6), silkworm excrement on the cultivation tables of the respective cultivation areas is collected.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the outdoor ecological breeding method for the tussah provided by the invention is greatly convenient for breeding the tussah outdoors, expands the region for breeding the tussah, greatly utilizes local wild tussah resources, can avoid the damage caused by the damage of the tussah such as wind, rain, low temperature, insects, birds and beasts and the like by centralized and efficient management, can provide fresh tussah leaves and outdoor environment for the tussah, improves the mature rate of the tussah, improves the quality of the mature tussah, is convenient to manage, effectively reduces the cost and improves the benefit.

Meanwhile, the farms applied by the cultivation method achieve the aim of playing the maximum economic benefit of tussah by simulating and creating the optimal environment suitable for the growth and development of tussah to the maximum extent, can simplify the outdoor tussah cultivation process, reduce the labor force in the transfer process and further reduce the labor cost, improve the cultivation environment and attract more young people to enter the tussah cultivation industry; the tussah silkworm breeding period is shortened, the economic value is high, the tussah silkworm excrement can be conveniently collected, the influence of external factors such as bacteria and soil on the silkworm excrement is avoided, and the economic benefit of tussah silkworm breeding is greatly increased.

In addition, in the breeding process of each age, according to the influence of external weather, illumination and the like, the illumination intensity and the temperature control in the breeding farm are adaptively adjusted, the time period for meeting the growth of tussah is expanded, and the breeding farm can simultaneously carry out the breeding of multi-collar tussah through multi-batch tussah graining, so that the aim of continuously supplying fresh and alive tussah mature silkworms to the market from 6 months to 10 months is fulfilled. Greatly improves the economic benefit brought by tussah breeding.

Meanwhile, the area integration degree of the farm is high, the regional adaptive cultivation can be carried out on multiple ages of tussahs, the purposes of centralized management, centralized collection and centralized protection are effectively achieved, and the large-scale, high-efficiency and sustainable tussah cultivation can be achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an ecological farm for sustainable harvesting tussah mature silkworms according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cultivation row in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the water supply tank of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the farm of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pool of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cover plate in fig. 4.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1-an outer frame 1; 2-protective curtain 2; 3-bird preventing net 3; 4-cultivation row 4; 5-a water supply tank 5; 6-a water inlet main pipe 6; 7-a water outlet header pipe 7; 8-a water supply pump 8; 9-a water level valve 9; 10-a farm 10; 11-a pool 11; 12-cover plate 12; 13-cannula 13; 14-a collection tank 14; 15-a water inlet 15; 16-water outlet 16; 17-water flow check valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the present invention more clear, the technical scheme of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

As shown in the figure, the ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms comprises an outer frame 1, wherein the outer frame is covered on the ground, a plurality of cultivation areas are formed in the ecological farm, and the ecological farm is divided into a first-age area, a second-age area, a third-age area, a fourth-age area and a fifth-age area according to the age of tussah; the concrete outer frame 1 is formed by repairing brick walls with the height of 0.5 m around a simple steel structure frame with the height of 4.5 m, and paving an anti-bird net 3 on the outer vertical surface of the steel structure frame to prevent birds and beasts from entering a field.

The outer frame 1 is provided with a protective curtain 2, the protective curtain 2 is movably arranged on the ceiling and the periphery of the outer frame 1, and the protective curtain 2 adopts a rainproof structure with low light transmittance, so that the functions of sunshade, rain shielding and wind prevention can be realized; the method comprises the steps of dividing a ceiling of an outer frame 1 into a plurality of rectangular grids with the width of 3 meters and the length of 8 meters, welding auxiliary beams on two inner sides of the ceiling frame according to the positions of the grids, installing guide rails for drawing the sunshade curtain on the auxiliary beams, wherein the guide rails are required to be installed at intervals of 3m and 8m, welding steel pipes on pulley blocks of the two guide rails, welding nine guard curtains 2 with the length of 8m and the width of 3m at equal intervals on the nine steel pipes, installing guide pulleys and traction ropes at two ends of the spreading direction of the guard curtains 2, forming a driving mechanism matched with the guard curtains 2 in a transmission mode to drive the spreading and the shrinking of the guard curtains 2, installing the traction ropes on one steel pipe at the spreading ends of the guard curtains 2, controlling the spreading and the shrinking of the guard curtains 2 by pulling the traction ropes on two sides, installing the guard curtains 2m on the inner sides of the surrounding frame beams in the same method, and hardening the ground.

In each region of the outer frame 1, a row of cultivation 4 is arranged, and correspondingly, a water supply tank 5 for supplying water to each row of cultivation 4 and a water supply pump 8 for pumping water into the row of cultivation 4 are also arranged. In the actual use process, water in the water supply tank 5 is sucked by the water supply pump 8 and enters the cultivation row 4 through the water inlet main pipe 6, and is connected back to the water supply tank 5 through the water outlet main pipe 7 of the cultivation row 4, so that water supply circulation is realized; in addition, a water flow check valve 17 is connected to the end of the water inlet header pipe 6 to prevent the water pump from stopping working water flow and flowing back. In the working process, after the water supply pump 8 is started, water enters the cultivation row 4 through the water inlet main pipe 6, and flows into the water supply tank 5 from the cultivation row 4 through the water outlet main pipe 7. When the water in the cultivation row 4 is consumed too quickly and the total water quantity of the water supply tank 5 is reduced to a certain quantity, the water surrounding valve is started to supplement water quantity to the water supply tank 5, and when the water in the water supply tank 5 is sufficient, the water level valve 9 is closed to stop water supplement.

The cultivation row 4 in each cultivation area comprises a plurality of cultivation tables 10 which are connected in series or in parallel, each cultivation table 10 is provided with a water tank 11 and a cover plate 12 which is covered on the water tank 11, the water tank 11 is internally provided with a water inlet 15 and a water outlet 16, and the cover plate 12 is provided with a cuttage jack in which branches and leaves are inserted.

As a preferred embodiment, the insertion hole is internally provided with a cannula 13, the lower end of the cannula 13 extends below the liquid level of the pool 11, the water inlet 15 of the cannula 13 is close to the bottom of the pool 11, and the water outlet 16 is close to the top of the pool 11.

The upper end of pond 11 is equipped with apron 12, one side of pond 11 is equipped with water inlet 15, the opposite side is equipped with delivery port 16, concretely, the top internal edge of pond 11 undercut shaping has the round block platform, this block platform width 2cm, deep 3cm, the apron 12 that corresponds inserts the top and open and seat dress on the block platform, the block platform is rectangular cross-section, the cross-section of apron 12 that corresponds is also rectangular, and the thickness of the inserted part of apron 12 also designs to 3cm, the external dimension of its inserted part is unanimous with the size of block platform external edge simultaneously, guarantee that its after inserting, the position stability of apron 12 is fixed, ensure that tussah and silkworm excrement can not fall into in the gap between block platform and the apron 12.

The cover plate 12 is provided with a plurality of jacks, insertion pipes 13 are arranged in the jacks, the bottom ends of the insertion pipes 13 hang downwards and extend below the liquid level of the pool 11, the insertion pipes 13 are used for inserting oak branches into the pool 11, and not only can the branches be guided and inserted, but also the branches can be supported and fixed.

As a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the insertion tube 13 protrudes upwards from the upper surface of the cover plate 12, so that silkworm excrement can be effectively prevented from entering the insertion hole and falling into the container to pollute the water quality. Further, the upper end of the cannula 13 protrudes upward by 2cm, and the lower end of the cannula 13 protrudes downward by 10cm. Of course, in other embodiments, the upper protruding dimension of the cannula 13 may be 5cm, the lower protruding dimension may be 20cm, and the protruding dimensions at the two positions may be arbitrarily designed by those skilled in the art according to the actual height and size of the sink 11.

In addition, in order to avoid that external fly ash or tussah and silkworm excrement fall into the insertion tube 13, a cap is detachably plugged at the upper end of the insertion tube 13, and the cap can be pulled out when the branches are inserted.

The interval distance between the insertion pipes 13 is 10cm, so that the tightness of branches and leaves of the oak inserted into the insertion pipes 13 can be ensured, the dissipation property of growth points of the oak can be met, and the optimal environment suitable for growth and development of the oak can be simulated and created to the greatest extent.

Meanwhile, the water outlet 16 is positioned near the side wall of the water tank 11 at the same height as the liquid level, and the water inlet 15 is positioned at the bottom of the side wall of the water tank 11. Furthermore, the water inlets 15 and the water outlets 16 are distributed on two opposite side walls of the water tank 11 along the diagonal direction of the water tank 11, so that water flows from bottom to top to the position near the lower end of the insertion pipe 13, the water flow path is effectively increased, the phenomenon that local water flows little influence on the branch to absorb the living water is avoided, the lower end incision of the oak branch is immersed below the liquid level, the water inlet flow is consistent with the water outlet flow by controlling the water pressure, the water in the water tank 11 is prevented from overflowing the cover plate 12, and meanwhile, the freshness and the water content of oak branches and leaves are kept by utilizing the plant transpiration.

As a preferred embodiment, in order to further satisfy the area of the oak branches contacting the running water, a plurality of water permeable holes are formed on the pipe wall of the insertion pipe 13. The diameter of the water permeable holes is one fifth of the diameter of the cannula 13, so that the running water can conveniently enter the cannula 13.

After the branch is inserted into the insertion tube 13, the top of the insertion tube 13 can be sealed by adopting a yellow mud sealing manner, and meanwhile, the branch is fixed, so that the tussah is effectively prevented from climbing into clear water in a container during cultivation, and silkworm excrement can be conveniently collected.

In order to facilitate the collection of silkworm excrement, the water tank 11 is provided with a collecting groove 14 on the outer side of the cover plate 12, and the top surface of the cover plate 12 is a convex top structure with high middle and low periphery. In this embodiment, the top surface of the cover plate 12 is of a four-slope five-ridge structure, and the jacks are distributed on the slope surface, so that silkworm excrement can freely roll down near the outer ring of the cover plate 12 along the slope surface after falling onto the top surface of the cover plate 12 through the design of the structure, and the silkworm excrement is convenient to collect. And effectively avoid the problem that silkworm excrement is not separated into the jacks of the cover plate 12 when being collected.

More preferably, a ring of collecting grooves 14 is arranged around the cover plate 12 on the upper end surface of the water tank 11, and the inner groove edges of the collecting grooves 14 are positioned below the edge height of the cover plate 12. After the silkworm excrement rolls from the cover plate 12, the silkworm excrement falls into the collecting tank 14 directly, so that the silkworm excrement can be conveniently collected by the dust collector in the later period, and meanwhile, the silkworm excrement is prevented from polluting branches and leaves.

The large-scale non-tussah garden fixed cultivation place formed by the serial-parallel connection of the tussah full-age outdoor water tanks 11 has the following advantages: firstly, the tussah cultivation under the outdoor condition of a non-tussah garden is facilitated, and the region for tussah cultivation is expanded; secondly, the biological characteristics of strong phototropism, upward property and dissipation property of tussah can be satisfied; thirdly, the damage of wind, rain, low temperature, insects, birds, animals and the like to the wild stocking of tussah can be effectively avoided; fourthly, the tussah leaves can be provided for tussah for a long time; fifthly, the cocoon forming rate and the cocoon forming quality of tussah are improved; and sixthly, the management is convenient, the cost is reduced, and the benefit is improved.

The invention relates to a specific embodiment of a cultivation method of an ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms,

firstly, the disinfection and sterilization of the cultivation platform are needed before and after the cultivation platform is used, 84 disinfectant can be adopted for immersing and spraying in a sterilization mode to disinfect and sterilize the cultivation place, the anti-bird net 3 of the cultivation place is ensured to be intact, the drainage system of the cultivation place is smooth, the water-through condition of the cultivation platform is good, and the cutting water quality is good.

In addition, according to the size of the breeding place and the number of the breeding tables, the breeding areas of the tussahs at each age are divided according to the feeding tussah leaf quantity and the age length required by each age of the tussahs, so that the breeding areas of the tussahs at each age are ensured to be independent and are not influenced. The specific division mode and the specific area size are reasonably distributed according to the number of the tussah on the current stubble, the specific limitation is not needed, and the number of the culture rows, the number and the size specification of the culture platforms in the culture rows and the like can be selectively adjusted and increased or decreased by a person skilled in the art.

In addition, the method adopts an outdoor cuttage mode to cultivate, after the tussah eggs are converted into silkworms, the tussah branches with tender leaves are utilized to guide the formic worms to climb onto tussah branches or leaves, then the tussah branches are inserted into the cuttage pipe 13 of the one-age tussah cultivation platform, and meanwhile, the tussah branches are ensured to be inserted into the cuttage pipe 13 and soaked in clear water. When the oak branches and leaves are picked from the oak, the broken sections of the branches and the top ends of the branches form acute angles, so that the water absorption area at the cut ends of the branches and leaves of the oak can be ensured, and the water required by transpiration of the branches and leaves of the oak is ensured.

According to the growth cycle of oak branches and leaves, the continuous cultivation in the period from April to October is satisfied, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) After the tussah eggs are converted into silkworms, a first-instar area is sterilized in advance, the tussah branches with tender leaves are utilized to guide the formic silkworms to climb onto tussah branches or leaves, then the tussah branches are inserted into the skewer 13 of a first-instar tussah cultivation platform, and meanwhile the tussah branches are inserted into the skewer 13 and soaked in clear water.

(2) The first-age tussah is generally fed for five days and enters a sleep period, the sleep period is 8-12 hours, after 90% of the first-age tussah is sleeped, the second-age region is sterilized in advance, enough tussah branches and leaves are inserted into a culture table in the second-age region, fresh tussah branches and leaves are utilized to guide the sleeping tussah to climb up new branches and leaves, the tussah is placed on the culture table in the second-age region, and the first-age non-sleeping tussah is moved to the second-age region through a pruning migration method.

(3) The second-age tussah is fed for four days and enters a sleep period, the sleep period is 8-12 hours, after 90% of the second-age tussah is sleeped, the third-age region is sterilized in advance, enough tussah branches and leaves are inserted into a culture table in the third-age region, fresh tussah branches and leaves are used for guiding the sleeping tussah to climb up new branches and leaves, the tussah is placed on the culture table in the third-age region, and the second-age non-sleeping tussah is moved to the third-age region by a pruning migration method.

(4) The three-age tussah is generally fed for four days and enters a sleep period, the sleep period is 10-14 hours, after 90% of the three-age tussah is sleeped, the four-age region is sterilized in advance, enough tussah branches and leaves are inserted into a culture table in the four-age region, fresh tussah branches and leaves are used for guiding the sleeping tussah to climb up new branches and leaves, the tussah is placed on the culture table in the four-age region, and the three-age non-sleeping tussah is moved to the four-age region by a pruning migration method.

(5) The four-age tussah is generally fed for 6 days and enters a sleep period, the sleep period is 10-14 hours, after 90% of the four-age tussah is sleeped, the five-age region is sterilized in advance, enough tussah branches and leaves are inserted into a culture table in the five-age region, fresh tussah branches and leaves are used for guiding the sleeping tussah to climb up new branches and leaves, the tussah is placed on the culture table in the five-age region, and the four-age non-sleeping tussah is moved to the five-age region by a pruning migration method.

(6) The tussah at five ages generally stops feeding after 7-9 days, the silkworm body contracts and is slightly transparent to become mature silkworm, the tissue personnel timely collect the tussah, and the collection standard is as follows: one is to irradiate tussah with condensed flashlight to see if silkworm excrement is discharged completely; and the other is to observe whether the tussah has spinning behavior or not, and discover that the tussah has spinning cocoon making behavior and harvest in time.

Recycling the continuous cultivation of the steps (1) to (6) in the process of any one of the steps (1) to (6) according to the interval time of the silkworm ovation of young silkworms; specifically, mature silkworms are obtained after five-year tussahs eat for 9 days, according to a time node, after the first batch of tussahs are oozed for 9 days, the second batch of the first-year tussahs are oozed in time, and so on, according to the temperature of the current year and the quality of branches and leaves of the tussahs, until the last batch of the first-year tussahs are oozed. Of course, if the area of the farm is small, young silkworms can be fed in batch in sequence, then the breeding of the next batch of young silkworms in step (1) is performed in any of the steps from step (1) to step (6), and then the breeding of the steps from step (1) to step (6) is performed. According to the method for alternately culturing the culture areas of the tussah at each silkworm age, the last batch of tussah mature silkworms in the current year are harvested.

It should be noted that tussahs in the first, second and third ages need to be fed once in the morning and evening, tussahs in the 4 and 5 ages need to be fed three times in the morning, in the middle and evening, and branches and leaves can be cut when fed at night, so that tussah feeding at night is ensured. When the amount of small silkworm shit leaves is small, the dust collector is used for cleaning silkworm excrement in the silkworm excrement collecting tank 14 once in the morning and evening every day, and when the amount of large silkworm shit leaves is large, the dust collector is used for cleaning silkworm excrement in the silkworm excrement collecting tank 14 once in the morning, in the middle and evening every day.

Circulating water supply is realized in the culture tables of the culture areas; through controlling water pressure, the inflow and the outflow of single breed platform are unanimous, prevent that pond internal water from spilling over the apron, let water form the rivers from bottom to top in the pond simultaneously, can guarantee that cuttage branch fully absorbs water and live water and then supplements the required moisture of self transpiration.

The protective curtain is selectively opened and closed according to the solar illumination intensity and weather change of the day so as to shade light, shield rain and prevent wind for tussah in each cultivation area. When encountering a strong sun high temperature day, the shed roof protective curtain is opened, the protective curtain in the corresponding direction is opened according to the illumination intensity and the direction, and the temperature is reduced in time by an atomization sprinkling mode, so that strong light can be prevented from burning tussah, phototaxis of tussah can be met, and ventilation performance is ensured.

When the tussah is in heavy wind, cold tide and heavy rain, the windproof and rainproof sunshade curtains on the periphery and the roof are opened to prevent diseases of tussah caused by heavy wind, cold tide and heavy rain, so that the yield is reduced.

Sterilizing and disinfecting the breeding place according to the actual situation requirement, and preventing various diseases and insect pests of tussah.

In the application, the branches and leaves are cut into the jacks of the cultivation tables at intervals in a one-by-one inserting mode, when the tussah at each age is transferred, the branches and leaves with tussah in the previous step are cut into the interval cutting jacks between the two branches and leaves of the cultivation table in the later step, namely, fresh tussah branches and leaves are inserted into the insertion pipe without cutting tussah branches and leaves beside the insertion holes, and when the tussah climbs up the new branches and leaves, the tussah branches with the leaves eaten are taken down, and tussah transfer is realized in an active tussah feeding mode.

In addition, silkworm excrement is collected from the cultivation tables by utilizing the dust collector, so that the sanitation and cleanliness of cultivation places formed by the cultivation tables in series-parallel connection are maintained. When the tussah on the breeding platform reaches five years old, the feeding amount of the tussah leaves is increased, so that the tussah reaches mature silkworms as soon as possible.

Finally, what should be said is: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and any equivalent replacement of the present invention and modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological farm for continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms, which is characterized by comprising

The outer frame is covered on the ground, a plurality of culture areas are formed in the outer frame, and the outer frame is divided into a first-age area, a second-age area, a third-age area, a fourth-age area and a fifth-age area according to the age of tussah;

a row of cultivation, arranged in each cultivation area;

the water supply tank is used for supplying water to each culture joint row;

2. The ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms according to claim 1, wherein insertion pipes are inserted into the insertion holes, the lower ends of the insertion pipes extend below the liquid level of the pond, the water inlets of the insertion pipes are close to the bottom of the pond, and the water outlets of the insertion pipes are close to the top of the pond.

3. The ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms according to claim 2, wherein the farm is provided with a collecting tank on the outer side of a cover plate, and the top surface of the cover plate is of a convex top structure with high middle and low periphery.

4. The ecological farm for continuously harvesting tussah mature silkworms according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the outer frame is covered with an anti-bird net.

5. An ecological farm cultivation method for continuously harvesting mature tussah silkworms according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation process comprises the following steps according to the growth cycle of branches and leaves of tussah:

sterilizing and disinfecting an age area in advance, transferring young silkworms of the indoor ovalized silkworms to branches and leaves of the age area, and cutting the branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the age area;

after the first-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the second-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the second-age area, and transferring the first-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the second-age area;

after the second-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the third-age region in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the third-age region, and transferring the second-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the third-age region;

after the three-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the four-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the four-age area, and transferring the three-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the four-age area;

after the four-age tussah enters the sleep period, disinfecting and sterilizing the five-age area in advance, cutting branches and leaves on a breeding platform of the five-age area, and transferring the four-age tussah to the branches and leaves of the five-age area;

after stopping feeding of the five-age tussah, collecting the five-age tussah;

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein branches and leaves are cut into the insertion holes of the cultivation tables at intervals in each cultivation area, and when the tussah of each age is transferred, the branches and leaves with tussah in the previous step are cut into the insertion holes between two branches and leaves of the cultivation tables in the subsequent step, and tussah transfer is realized by actively seeking tussah.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein silkworm excrement on the cultivation platform of each cultivation area is collected in any of the steps (1) to (6).