CN104718968B - The artificial cultivation method of Rubus chingii - Google Patents
The artificial cultivation method of Rubus chingii Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718968B CN104718968B CN201510177556.2A CN201510177556A CN104718968B CN 104718968 B CN104718968 B CN 104718968B CN 201510177556 A CN201510177556 A CN 201510177556A CN 104718968 B CN104718968 B CN 104718968B
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Abstract
The present invention provides the artificial cultivation method of the Rubus chingii that a kind of per mu yield is higher, and the method comprises the steps: a, simulation massif gentle slope: digs the wide ridge of 1200mm, puts the gentle slope that gradient is 20 ° on this ridge；Newly grow then plants Rubus chingii seedling, has grubbed out between 1 March, plants in position, top, slope, arranges the block stone of one layer of particle diameter 1 5cm around Rubus chingii shoot root portion；Initial plantation, field planting hole, 1600mm line-spacing, 3000mm spacing in the rows, mu strain number is 140；500mm mono-strain, mu strain reaches 830 850；By transplanting seedlings, sell seedling, stability contorting 850 mu strain number；B, the water in simulation ditch, ridge, massif gentle slope, circulating reflux to cistern is for pouring, and dirt at the bottom of cistern is backfilling into raspberry seedling hole；C, every mu of scope cultivation honeybee one barrel, beneficially pollen is taught；D, beta pruning, dwarfing: e, winter and early spring are antifreeze.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of plant, particularly to the artificial cultivation method of a kind of Rubus chingii.
Background technology
Rubus chingii, Classification system Rubus chingii Hu, also known as rubus chingii Hu, raspberry, milk fruit, milk bugle female, big male.It is a kind of modern times emerging medicine-food two-purpose fruit integrating nutritive value and medical value, especially contains the superoxide dismutase very good to human body, be known as the third generation " king of fruit " by countries in the world.Rubus chingii plantation less investment, output is high.Pest and disease damage is few, is very easy to management.Rubus chingii is uniquely selected " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " in 194 kinds of raspberries, the raspberry that can be used as medicine.Rubus chingii fresh fruit, also loses sale in supermarket, the whole nation.At present in the most less plantation of China.Raspberry of planting is the dual fail-safe of medicinal material+fresh fruit, and economic benefit is the most stable.Therefore, the artificial cultivation method of a kind of Rubus chingii that can promote it is badly in need of.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the artificial cultivation method of a kind of Rubus chingii, the Rubus chingii plant of the method plantation, is difficult to pest and disease damage, and seedling is strengthened leaf and contained, and per mu yield is of a relatively high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of Rubus chingii, it is characterised in that the method comprises the steps:
A, simulation massif gentle slope: on Indian yellow loam fertile, that soil property is soft, dig the wide ridge of 1200mm, on this ridge, put the gentle slope that gradient is 20 °, just the most weak to sunlight in 1 year domatic direction；
Newly grow then plants Rubus chingii seedling, has grubbed out between the 1-3 month, plants in position, top, slope, arranges the block stone of one layer of particle diameter 1-5cm around Rubus chingii shoot root portion；On gentle slope, 400mm width, gutter deep for 300mm are set along interval, direction, slope；The both sides on gentle slope arrange shallow road, pavement or pluck management passage；Block stone can avoid wind to blow down, and stablizes plant, and has the effect of press strip, makes branch scatter growth, accepts more sunlight etc.；
Initial plantation, field planting hole, 1600mm line-spacing, 3000mm spacing in the rows, mu strain number is 140；Second Year can be made often row strain involve sheet in a criminal case embarked on journey at top, gentle slope by batten strap technique；500mm mono-strain, mu strain reaches 830-850；By transplanting seedlings, sell seedling, stability contorting 850 mu strain number；
B, the water in simulation ditch, ridge, massif gentle slope, circulating reflux to cistern is for pouring, and dirt at the bottom of cistern is backfilling into raspberry seedling hole；
C, every mu of scope cultivation honeybee one barrel, beneficially pollen is taught；
D, beta pruning, dwarfing:
In end of the season and winter in the fall, selecting the sturdy long 1000-1500mm of plant branch, according to the direction press strip on ridge to top, slope, ridge, every is touched 2-3 node of soil, is as the criterion not damaging shoot tissue, by unnecessary, branch is tiny cuts, and makes strain branch the most sturdy；
Dwarfing, pinching: after growing into forest, every ridge arranges the simple barrier that 500mm is high, and the major branch bar rope of every strain ties up on barrier, hinders it and upwards overgrows；End of the branch is ensconced in strain clump and is prevented end of the branch to be exposed to the sun；Tiny branch is carried out pinching process, beneficially branch sturdy；
E, winter and early spring are antifreeze, in this time, at every ridge covered with plastic film, raise film and see that light is breathed freely during temperature height at noon；Summer takes precautions against drought, and the most each penetrating waters once, and rainy season drains ponding in ditch in time.
As preferably, described artificial cultivation method also comprise the steps: f, plantation during expelling parasite, association, give shade system: the fruit trees such as plantation garden periphery, little roadside planting honey peach, grape, Kiwi berry, vacant lot, surface, gentle slope plantation Chinese milk vetch；30 meters of spacing of growing area plantation Dalmatian chrysanthemum, wormwoods, put a solar energy and lure pest-catching device, edge, garden and center unequal-interval plantation Mozzie buster for the most every 5 mu.
As preferably, in step a, soil property physical method processes: the plantation hole 500mm square width of deep 300mm, dig pit at the top, slope on ridge, the diameter 20mm-30mm cobblestone that 100mm is thick is put at the end, hole, Indian yellow loam horizontalization is inserted in cobblestone gap, again the top of cobblestone add fully become thoroughly decomposed animal manure, purchase come five water control altogether the biogas residue in facility, through becoming thoroughly decomposed process sewage disposal scum, 200mm is thick altogether, insert Indian yellow loam 100mm again on top, insert Indian yellow loam after the root system surrounding of raspberry sapling is uniformly put crown to playing hemisphere；The root upper bit of sapling marks the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a 80-100mm and accesses and fixing for the drip irrigation facility that waters.
As preferably, in step a the arrangement mode of block stone be centered by root radially.
Wild raspberry yield is extremely low, and general every per mu yield is more than 100 kilograms (referring to undressed fresh fruit), and has dividing of biennial bearing.According to the implantation methods of the present invention, the Second Year of plantation can result, the most year by year stable yield, annual every per mu yield is at about more than 400 kilograms.The Rubus chingii plant of this method plantation, is difficult to pest and disease damage, and seedling is strengthened leaf and contained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the implantation methods schematic diagram of the present invention；Gentle slope 1, gutter 2, shallow road, pavement or harvesting management passage 3, block stone 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that the enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation and/or the change of being made the present invention fall within scope.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all of part, percentage are unit of weight, and the equipment used and raw material etc. are all commercially available or commonly used in the art.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment:
1, simulation massif gentle slope: Rubus chingii be typically grown in mountain area or hilly country on the sunny side or to the back, property happiness warm and moist, sun-drenched climatic environment, avoid and be exposed to the sun, notes draining flooded fields.
As it is shown in figure 1, dig the wide ridge of 1200mm on Indian yellow loam fertile, that soil property is soft, this ridge is put the gentle slope 1(that gradient is 20 ° and drains the water away hidden danger), domatic just to the direction (avoid and be exposed to the sun) that particularly sunlight in summer is minimum in a year.
Newly grow then plants Rubus chingii seedling, has grubbed out between the 1-3 month, plants in position, top, slope, arranges the block stone 4 of one layer of particle diameter 1-5cm around Rubus chingii shoot root portion.The arrangement mode of block stone be centered by root radially.On gentle slope, the gutter 2 that 400mm is wide, 300mm is deep is set along interval, direction, slope.The both sides on gentle slope 1 arrange shallow road, pavement or pluck management passage 3.
Initial plantation, field planting hole, 1600mm line-spacing, 3000mm spacing in the rows, mu strain number is 140.Second Year can be made often row strain involve sheet in a criminal case embarked on journey by batten strap technique.Requiring about 500mm mono-strain, mu strain reaches 830-850.By transplanting seedlings, sell seedling, stability contorting 850 mu strain number.
Soil property physical method processes: the plantation hole 500mm square width of deep 300mm, dig pit at the top, slope on ridge, the diameter 20mm-30mm cobblestone that 100mm is thick is put at the end, hole, Indian yellow loam horizontalization is inserted in cobblestone gap, again the top of cobblestone add fully become thoroughly decomposed animal manure, purchase come five water control altogether the biogas residue in facility, through becoming thoroughly decomposed process sewage disposal scum, 200mm is thick altogether, insert Indian yellow loam 100mm again on top, insert Indian yellow loam after the root system surrounding of raspberry sapling is uniformly put crown to playing hemisphere.The root upper bit of sapling marks the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a 80-100mm and accesses and fixing for the drip irrigation facility that waters.
2, simulating the water in ditch, ridge, massif gentle slope, circulating reflux to cistern is for pouring, and dirt at the bottom of cistern is backfilling into raspberry seedling hole.
3, every mu of scope cultivation honeybee one barrel, beneficially pollen is taught.
4, beta pruning, dwarfing.
In end of the season and winter in the fall, selecting the sturdy long 1000-1500mm of plant branch, according to the direction press strip on ridge to top, slope, ridge, every is touched 2-3 node of soil, is as the criterion not damaging shoot tissue, by unnecessary, branch is tiny cuts, and makes strain branch the most sturdy.
Dwarfing, pinching: after growing into forest, every ridge arranges the simple barrier that 500mm is high, and the major branch bar rope of every strain ties up on barrier, hinders it and upwards overgrows.End of the branch is ensconced in strain clump and is prevented end of the branch to be exposed to the sun.To remove tiny branch in the place that strain is close, the place dredged in strain makes its branch sturdy by pinching.
5, winter and early spring are antifreeze, in this time, at every ridge covered with plastic film, raise film and see that light is breathed freely during temperature height at noon；Summer takes precautions against drought, and the most each penetrating waters once, and rainy season drains ponding in ditch in time.
6, plantation during expelling parasite, association, give shade system:
The fruit trees such as plantation garden periphery, little roadside planting honey peach, grape, Kiwi berry, act the effect of giving shade.Vacant lot, surface, gentle slope plantation Chinese milk vetch, Chinese milk vetch is not robbed fertilizer with raspberry, also can be kept the moisture on ridge, gentle slope, can be backfilling into again strain root as green manure.
Raspberry insect pest is less, evades again the use of any agricultural chemicals in order to avoid insect pest, growing area about 30 meters of spacing plantation Dalmatian chrysanthemum, wormwoods, on the one hand also has to play in summer and gives shade effect (avoid and be exposed to the sun).Put a solar energy and lure pest-catching device for the most every 5 mu.
Dalmatian chrysanthemum is possible not only to eliminate mosquito, and can kill crops and forest, the insect of fruit tree.It and tobacco, poison trifoliate jewelvine are collectively referred to as " three big botanical pesticides ".Between the autumn in summer, the Dalmatian chrysanthemum flower that will open is picked, abrasive dust after drying in the shade, cross the sieve of 120-150 mesh.Perian insect powder per jin adds the water of 200-300 times, and meal with wine adds soap and makes suspension, sprays, can prevent and treat various pests agriculturally after stirring evenly.Even if in the Dalmatian chrysanthemum whole water being immersed in 20 times of grass, also having good prevention effect.
Edge, garden and center unequal-interval plantation Mozzie buster, Mozzie buster has citrus scented, supports in room, and mosquito can escape.Reason is that Mozzie buster contains a kind of special " little raw material ", it uses transgenic technology, to have mosquito repellent gene citronellal gene structure and implant " vanilla ", and utilize himself exclusive release system as carrier, citronellal material is released in air continually.Meanwhile, also implant containing fresh scent and DNA of plants (gene) structure of air purification effect, formed " natural evaporimeter ", thus sweet perfumes are diffused all around.Particularly hot summer, can Bracing, relaxed and joyful.After tested, its repelling effect is good, to person poultry harmless, and can hundreds of mosquito of repellent.Mozzie buster belongs to herbaceos perennial, and survival temperature is at subzero more than 3 degrees Celsius, and indoor and outdoor all can be cultivated.General temperature is the highest, and fragrance is the denseest, and repelling effect is the best.
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, the Second Year of plantation can result, the most year by year stable yield, annual every per mu yield is at about more than 400 kilograms.The Rubus chingii plant of this method plantation, is difficult to pest and disease damage, and seedling is strengthened leaf and contained.
Rubus chingii has overgrowing property; patch ground property is the strongest; the block stone of one layer of particle diameter 1-5cm is arranged around the setting in this method plantation hole and Rubus chingii shoot root portion; root system can be made to be woven into net in the range of 20 ~ 750px near the ground; form the closeest protection network, there is the particularly excellent effect of conserving water and soil.Rubus chingii covers the most rapidly earth's surface and reaches to afforest purpose, and according at Wang Longshi district, Yi County gneiss mountaious planting experiment, vegetation coverage reaches 91% then, and storage roof reaches 72%, subtracts husky benefit and reaches 86%.Should not develop the hillside of large-scale fruit tree, wasteland, cheuch, particularly border, slash in forest zone is planted, and can effectively prevent erosion.
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, and the present invention not makees any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (3)
1. the artificial cultivation method of a Rubus chingii, it is characterised in that the method comprises the steps:
A, simulation massif gentle slope: on Indian yellow loam fertile, that soil property is soft, dig the wide ridge of 1200mm, on this ridge, put the gentle slope that gradient is 20 °；
New longer wild Rubus chingii seedling, grubbed out between the 1-3 month then, planted in position, top, slope, arranged the block stone of one layer of particle diameter 1-5cm around Rubus chingii shoot root portion；On gentle slope, 400mm width, gutter deep for 300mm are set along interval, direction, slope；The both sides on gentle slope arrange shallow road, pavement or pluck management passage；
Initial plantation, field planting hole, 1600mm line-spacing, 3000mm spacing in the rows, mu strain number is 140；Second Year i.e. by batten strap technique, makes often row strain involve sheet in a criminal case and embarks on journey at top, gentle slope；500mm mono-strain, mu strain reaches 830-850；By transplanting seedlings, sell seedling, stability contorting 850 mu strain number；
B, the water in simulation ditch, ridge, massif gentle slope, circulating reflux to cistern is for pouring, and dirt at the bottom of cistern is backfilling into raspberry seedling hole；
C, every mu of scope cultivation honeybee one barrel；
D, beta pruning, dwarfing:
In end of the season and winter in the fall, selecting the sturdy long 1000-1500mm of plant branch, according to the direction press strip on ridge to top, slope, ridge, every is touched 2-3 node of soil, is as the criterion not damaging shoot tissue, is cut by unnecessary, tiny branch, make strain branch the most sturdy；
Dwarfing, pinching: after growing into forest, every ridge arranges the simple barrier that 500mm is high, and the major branch bar rope of every strain ties up on barrier, hinders it and upwards overgrows；End of the branch is ensconced in strain clump and is prevented end of the branch to be exposed to the sun；Tiny branch is carried out pinching process；
E, winter and early spring are antifreeze, in this time, at every ridge covered with plastic film, raise plastic sheeting and see that light is breathed freely during temperature height at noon；Summer takes precautions against drought, and the most each penetrating waters once, and rainy season drains ponding in ditch in time；
Expelling parasite, association during f, plantation, give shade system: plantation garden periphery, little roadside planting honey peach tree, vine, actinidia tree, Chinese milk vetch is planted in vacant lot, surface, gentle slope；30 meters of spacing of growing area plantation Dalmatian chrysanthemum, wormwoods, put a solar energy and lure pest-catching device, edge, garden and center unequal-interval plantation Mozzie buster for the most every 5 mu.
The artificial cultivation method of Rubus chingii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a, soil property physical method processes:
The plantation hole 500mm square width of deep 300mm, dig pit at the top, slope on ridge, the diameter 20mm-30mm cobblestone that 100mm is thick is put at the end, hole, Indian yellow loam horizontalization is inserted in cobblestone gap, again the top of cobblestone add fully become thoroughly decomposed animal manure, purchase come five water control altogether the biogas residue in facility, through becoming thoroughly decomposed process sewage disposal scum, 200mm is thick altogether, then inserts Indian yellow loam 100mm on top, inserts Indian yellow loam crown to playing hemisphere after the root system surrounding of raspberry sapling is uniformly put；The root upper bit of sapling marks the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a 80-100mm and accesses and fixing for the drip irrigation facility that waters.
The artificial cultivation method of Rubus chingii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a the arrangement mode of block stone be centered by root radially.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105340670A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-24 | 余大春 | Cutting reproduction cultivation method of raspberries |
| CN106561382A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州长康农业生态科技有限公司 | Planting process for red raspberry |
| CN107211801A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 宁国市仙之居家庭农场 | The cuttage cultural method of Rubus chingii |
| CN107873359A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-06 | 方新华 | A kind of antibacterial high yield cultivating method of raspberry |
| CN109122071A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 陇南远大生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Radix Glycyrrhizae imitating wild planting process |
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