CN117256460A - Potting method for dwarfing and prolonging flowering phase of white ginger flowers - Google Patents
Potting method for dwarfing and prolonging flowering phase of white ginger flowers Download PDFInfo
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- 244000050907 Hedychium coronarium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000100 Hibiscus rosa sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000234435 Lilium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008254 Rosa chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016785 Rosa della China Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of gardening, in particular to a potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; (2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers in 8-9 months, separating plants, and placing the seed balls into flowerpots; then watering, fertilizing and planting; (3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time for 14h; (4) And controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃ during the planting period of 12 months to 2 months of the next year, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time to be 20-24 hours. According to the invention, the flowering rate of 81-88% of white Jiang Huake is obtained through reasonable matrix proportion, temperature control and illumination adjustment without relying on an artificial growth regulator, and the height of leaves and stems is controlled within 1m, so that dwarf cultivation and flowering phase extension of the white ginger flowers are realized, the white ginger flowers are suitable for potting, the application scene of the white ginger flowers is widened in the market, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gardening, in particular to a potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers.
Background
White ginger flowers are favored by people because of their beautiful flowers and pleasant fragrance, however, the plants of the white ginger flowers are relatively high (about 1.4-1.8 m high) in the traditional cultivation process, and are not suitable for potted plant ornamental purposes. In addition, the group flowering period of the white ginger flowers is usually from the first 6 months to the last 11 months, and the application scene of the annual flowers cannot be reached.
There have been studies on the use of artificial growth regulators to achieve dwarf cultivation of plants, such as in plants of China rose (Liu Chen et al 2020) and lily (Hua Zhirui and Li Xiaoling, 2015). However, this method has problems of high labor cost, expensive medicine cost and unstable effect. Therefore, a new method which does not depend on an artificial growth regulator and can effectively realize dwarf cultivation of ginger flowers and prolong the flowering period is necessary to be researched, so that market demands are met, and economic benefits are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; through reasonable matrix proportion, temperature control and illumination adjustment, dwarfing cultivation and flowering phase extension of the white ginger flowers are realized, so that ornamental and economic values of the white ginger flowers are increased.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of a white ginger flower, comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers in 8-9 months, separating plants, and placing the seed balls into flowerpots; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time for 14h;
(4) And controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃ during the planting period of 12 months to 2 months of the next year, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time to be 20-24 hours.
The nutrition growth period is 9-11 months, and the maintenance of a certain growth temperature and illumination time can promote nutrition accumulation of the white ginger flowers and promote the development of the flowers.
The period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year is a reproductive period, and the main factor influencing dwarfing is that the lower temperature is controlled from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, and the low temperature inhibits the plant growth by changing the cell membrane fluidity and other ways. The lower temperature can inhibit the growth of leaves and stems and control the height. When the temperature is controlled to be 12-22 ℃ and the illumination time is 20-24 hours, the flowering rate of 81-88% can be obtained, the height of leaves and stems is controlled within 1m, and the market demand is met.
According to the invention, through reasonable matrix proportion, temperature control and illumination adjustment are carried out in two key time periods, so that dwarf cultivation and flowering phase extension of the white ginger flowers are realized, and ornamental and economic values of the white ginger flowers are increased.
Preferably, in the step (1), the weight ratio of peat, bark and perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1.
Preferably, in the step (2), the selected seed balls have 2 to 3 sections of rootstocks.
Considering survival rate and nutrition supply, the effect of 1 section is poor, the economy of more than 3 sections is poor, and waste is caused, so that the seed balls with 2-3 sections of rhizomes are selected.
Preferably, the time for the division is from 8 late to 9 late.
120 days are required from the emergence of the new buds to the flowering, and the rotation arrangement is carried out according to the time: to make the white ginger flower bloom in spring festival, the white ginger flower can be planted in the basin in the first 10 to 9 months of 8 months.
Preferably, in the step (2), the diameter of the flowerpot is 35-45 cm, and the seed balls are divided into 3 seed balls/pot.
Preferably, in the step (2), the pitch of the seed balls is 20-25 cm, and the seed balls are arranged in a triangle.
More preferably, in the above-mentioned potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers, in the step (4), the illumination time period is 24 hours.
White Jiang Huake planted under the above specific conditions obtained a flowering rate of 88%, and the leaf and stem heights were controlled within 1 m.
Preferably, in the step (3) and the step (4), the illumination power used for the light filling is 20 watts per square meter.
The light supplement in the period of 9 months to 11 months promotes flower bud differentiation, and the light supplement in the period of 12-2 months of the next year promotes the flowers to normally bloom.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers successfully reduces the plant height of the white ginger flowers from 1.4 meters on average to about 1.0 meters on average, so that the white ginger flowers are more suitable for potted ornamental, and the application scene of the white ginger flowers is widened;
(2) The method of the invention prolongs the population flowering period of the white ginger flowers from the original 11 months and 20 days to the spring festival (2 middle ten days), so that the white ginger flowers become new flower choices in the night. Meanwhile, the prolonged flowering period also obviously improves the economic value of the flower in the market, and brings more business opportunities and profits;
(3) The method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase does not depend on an artificial growth regulator, thereby reducing the influence on the environment. By avoiding the use of chemical substances, the method provides a greener and sustainable development path for the ginger flower cultivation industry.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The reagents or apparatus used in this application are conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
Example 1:
an embodiment of the potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers is provided by the invention; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃, supplementing light, and the light supplementing power to be 20 watts/square meter, wherein the illumination time is 20h.
Example 2:
an embodiment of the potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers is provided by the invention; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃, supplementing light, and the light supplementing power to be 20 watts/square meter, wherein the illumination time is 24 hours.
Comparative example 1:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃, supplementing light, and the light supplementing power to be 20 watts/square meter, wherein the illumination time is 10 hours.
Comparative example 2:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃, supplementing light, and the light supplementing power to be 20 watts/square meter, wherein the illumination time is 10 hours.
Comparative example 3:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃, supplementing light with power of 20 watts/square meter and lighting time of 14 hours.
Comparative example 4:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃, supplementing light power to be 20 watts/square meter, and illuminating for 14 hours.
Comparative example 5:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃, supplementing light, and the light supplementing power to be 20 watts/square meter, wherein the illumination time is 20h.
Comparative example 6:
one comparative example of the potting method of dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of the white ginger flowers; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix; the weight ratio of peat to bark to perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers with 2-3 sections of rhizomes, dividing the seed balls into 3 seed balls/pots in the last ten days of 8 months to 9 months, arranging the seed balls in a triangular shape at a seed ball spacing of 20-25 cm, and putting the seed balls into a flowerpot; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, wherein the light supplementing power is 20 watts/square meter, and the illumination time is 14h;
(4) And during the planting period from 12 months to 2 months of the next year, controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃, supplementing light power to be 20 watts/square meter, and illuminating for 24 hours.
Experimental results
The substrate ratio: in preparation of potting medium, peat is used: bark: perlite=1:1:1 ratio, ensuring uniform mixing to obtain a suitable matrix.
Preparation of the seed and the seed ball: in the period of planting the plants, selecting the plants of the white ginger flowers, dividing the plants by 9 months and 1 day, selecting the seed balls with 2-3 sections of rhizomes from the divided plants, and ensuring good growth state of the seed balls.
Basin is put to ball: placing the selected seed balls into pots with the diameter of 40cm, wherein the number of the seed balls in each pot is 3, and arranging the seed balls according to a triangular arrangement mode to ensure proper plant density.
And (3) water and fertilizer management: during the whole growth process, the growth state and flowering condition of ginger flowers are observed. In the aspect of water management, the pot soil needs to be kept moist, and water is poured for 1 to 2 days for 1 time until no water is accumulated. Appropriate management measures such as trimming are performed as needed. After the new leaves are unfolded, the compound fertilizer of diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate is applied according to the following weight ratio of 4:1, about 20 grains per pot, and 20 days after application 1 time. After the flower bud differentiation period (12 months to 2 months of the next year), 0.15% of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on the leaves, and 1 time is performed every 15 days.
And (3) light temperature control: the temperature was maintained in the range of 15 to 25c by adjusting the indoor temperature control device during 9 to 11 months. Meanwhile, under the condition of insufficient illumination, the illumination is supplemented by using a light supplementing device with the power of 20 watts per square meter, so that the illumination duration per day is ensured to reach 14 hours.
The pot culture methods of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-6 were used for treating the seed balls of the white ginger flowers, the treatment conditions of the temperatures and the illumination time periods of the examples and the comparative examples are shown in table 1, and She Jinggao and flowering rate and fruiting of the planted white ginger flowers are shown in table 2:
TABLE 1 photo-thermal treatment for different planting time periods
TABLE 2 influence of temperature and illumination time on white Jiang Huashe stem height
From the above results, it is understood that controlling the illumination time period or the planting temperature during the planting period of 12 months to 2 months of the next year affects the leaf and stem height and the flowering rate. Under the condition that the lowest average temperature is higher than 15 ℃, she Jinggao degrees are greatly increased along with the increase of the illumination duration. She Jinggao also increases with increasing duration of illumination, but not significantly, at minimum average temperatures below 15 ℃. Under the condition that the lowest average temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the flowering cannot be realized when the illumination time is lower than 14 hours (comparative example 2). Under the condition that the lowest average temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the flowering cannot be realized when the illumination time is lower than 20 hours (comparative example 1). Under the condition that the lowest average temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the illumination time is 10-24 hours, although the flowers can bloom, the plant height of the obtained white ginger flowers is 1.4-1.6 m (comparative examples 4-6), which shows that the condition is unsuitable for potting. Under the condition that the lowest average temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the illumination time is 20-24 h, the flowering rate of 81-88% can be obtained in the middle 2 months of the next year (spring festival), the height of leaves and stems is controlled within 1m, and the market needs (example 1 and example 2) are met.
In the normal growing season, the time from the emergence of the white ginger flowers to the capping of the top tips is about 90 days, the leaf spreading speed is 5 days, 1 new leaf is spread, and about 30 days are required from the bud emergence to the flowering. Namely, the time from the emergence of the new buds to the flowering of the white ginger flowers is 120 days, and the arrangement of crops for rotation is carried out according to the time: to make the white ginger flower bloom in spring festival, the white ginger flower can be planted in the basin in the first 10 to 9 months of 8 months. Under normal conditions, buds appear after 17 leaves of the white ginger flowers, and flowers are opened about 30 days after the buds are pregnant; when the leaves are 13-14 leaves, the internodes of 11-12 leaves can be enlarged and swelled, and the floret is fully developed at the moment; the flower bud differentiation period is (6-8 leaves).
And during the planting period of 9 months to 11 months, controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃, and controlling the illumination time to be 14 hours, wherein under the treatment condition, the flowers on the pot are subjected to normal flower bud differentiation. The germination of the ginger flowers takes 30 days, and after the germination, 6-8 leaves take 42-56 days, namely, the flower buds differentiate for about 90 days after a fixed value, namely, 11 middle ten days to 12 early days, and the temperature and illumination treatment is started at the moment. The invention skillfully utilizes lower temperature to reduce the height of plants and longer photoperiod, promotes the development of florets, promotes flowering, and achieves the effects of reducing the height of plants and prolonging the flowering period.
The experiment performs statistical analysis on the flowering rate of the white ginger flowers in She Jinggao and 2 months after being treated at different temperatures and illumination time periods from 12 months to 2 months in the next year, and screens out the conditions which are more suitable for reducing the plant height of the white ginger flowers and prolonging the flowering period. When the temperature is controlled to be 12-22 ℃ and the illumination time is 20-24 hours, the flowering rate of 81-88% can be obtained, the height of leaves and stems is controlled within 1m, and the market demands can be met.
Under the conventional condition, the flowering phase of the white ginger flower population is usually from the first 6 months to the last 11 months; the potting method realizes dwarfing cultivation and flowering phase extension of the white ginger flowers through reasonable matrix proportion, temperature control and illumination adjustment, the flowering phase can be prolonged to the middle and late 2 months of the next year after the regulation, the flowering rate of 81-88% can be obtained in the middle ten days of 2 months (spring festival), and the height of leaves and stems is controlled within 1m, so that the potted ornamental and economic value of the white ginger flowers is increased.
According to the invention, by regulating and controlling the substrate, the temperature and the illumination, a sustainable proposal for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase is created, so that the white ginger flowers are suitable for potting, the application scene is widened in the market, and the economic benefit is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing peat, bark and perlite to serve as a nutrition matrix;
(2) Selecting seed balls of the white ginger flowers in 8-9 months, separating plants, and placing the seed balls into flowerpots; then watering, fertilizing and planting;
(3) Controlling the planting temperature to be 15-25 ℃ during the planting period of 9-11 months, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time for 14h;
(4) And controlling the planting temperature to be 12-22 ℃ during the planting period of 12 months to 2 months of the next year, supplementing light, and keeping the illumination time to be 20-24 hours.
2. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of peat, bark and perlite is peat: bark: perlite=1:1:1.
3. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), 2-3 sections of rhizomes are selected from the seed balls.
4. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the time for the division is 8 late to 9 late.
5. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the diameter of the flowerpot is 35-45 cm, and the seed balls are divided into 3 seed balls/pot.
6. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the spacing between the seed balls is 20-25 cm, and the seed balls are arranged in a triangle shape.
7. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the illumination time is 24 hours.
8. The potting method for dwarfing and prolonging the flowering phase of white ginger flowers according to claim 1, wherein the illumination power used for light supplement in the step (3) and the step (4) is 20 watts/square meter.
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