CN117084403A - 一种营养组合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种营养组合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117084403A CN117084403A CN202311336230.0A CN202311336230A CN117084403A CN 117084403 A CN117084403 A CN 117084403A CN 202311336230 A CN202311336230 A CN 202311336230A CN 117084403 A CN117084403 A CN 117084403A
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- maltodextrin
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- QWJSAWXRUVVRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline bitartrate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO.OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O QWJSAWXRUVVRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Abstract
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体公开了一种营养组合物及其制备方法和用途,其中营养组合物是由下述重量配比的原料组成:蛋白质类物质257‑295份、脂肪类物质383‑395份、碳水化合物632‑770份、膳食纤维类物质58‑60份、复合微量矿物质4.7‑5.6份、复合宏量矿物质106‑119份、复合维生素10.7‑12.9份、酒石酸氢胆碱6.21‑7.62份、左旋肉碱0.986‑1.1份、牛磺酸0.42‑0.762份。本发明为营养全面、搭配合理的营养组合物,可为免疫力低人群全面补充机体所需营养素,以达到调节身体机能,使之增强免疫力,强健骨骼,改善便秘,促进机体功能恢复、提高生活质量的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种营养组合物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
免疫力在机体抵抗特定病原体感染、避免疾病发生发展中发挥着重要作用,而充足均衡的营养是增强机体免疫力的有效保障。当营养失调时,会削弱免疫系统的功能,感染、肿瘤等多种疾病就会乘虚而入,而在营养素供给充足、各类营养素供给适当且处于平衡关系时,机体免疫系统处于最佳状态,人体健康状况良好、免疫力强。在临床中,患者营养状态好坏对疾病治疗效果和健康转归的影响至关重要,营养状况良好有助于减少患者并发症、降低病死率、改善疾病预后、缩短住院时间以及减少经济耗费等。部分患者因健康原因不能或不愿经口摄食而无法满足其营养需求,尤其是肿瘤、严重感染、重大创伤患者常因营养支持不足而加重机体损伤,因而面对有营养不良或营养风险的患者,开展科学合理的营养支持是非常必要的。
成年人随着年龄增长,骨形成与骨吸收成负平衡,骨密度在35岁左右达到峰值,随后持续下降,易导致骨折甚至限制或丧失躯干运动功能,因此保持骨健康、预防骨质疏松症对提升成年人群的生活质量的至关重要,科学合理的营养补充是影响骨骼健康的重要因素之一。补充钙剂是当前最常见的促进骨骼健康的方法,但同时也易产生便秘等不良症状。相较于普通食品,成分明确、营养全面、搭配合理的营养组合物更有助于提高患者免疫力、强健骨骼,对于改善患者营养不良、促进疾病康复、提高生活质量具有重要意义。
专利CN101828707公开了一种营养组合物,其具有增强免疫力和防止骨质疏松的作用,但其主要以促进钙的生物利用达到调节身体机能的作用,因此存在目前以钙吸收为主的营养品普遍存在的易产生便秘的不良症状。有必要开发一种营养均衡的营养产品,用于增强免疫力、强健骨骼,改善身体机能。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种增强免疫力、强健骨骼和/或改善便秘的营养组合物,它是由下述重量配比的原料组成:
蛋白质类物质257-295份、脂肪类物质383-395份、碳水化合物632-770份、膳食纤维类物质58-60份、复合微量矿物质4.7-5.1份、复合宏量矿物质106-119份、复合维生素10.7-12.9份、酒石酸氢胆碱6.21-7.62份、左旋肉碱0.986 -1.1份、牛磺酸0.42-0.762份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由37-47份乳清蛋白、96-112份大豆蛋白和98-162份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由66-71份中链甘油三酯、62-79份葵花籽油、51-57份大豆油、72-88份低芥酸菜籽油和115~117份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由68~70份低聚麦芽糖、31~32份酪蛋白酸钠、3~5份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.2 ~0.4份维生素E、8~9份三聚磷酸钠、0.03~0.05份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3~4份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物由420-598份麦芽糊精和172-212份固体玉米糖浆。
进一步地,所述膳食纤维类物质是由18-33份低聚半乳糖和25-42份低聚果糖组成。
进一步地,所述复合微量矿物质是由0.03-0.04份硫酸铜、0.62 -0.81份焦磷酸铁、0.07-0.08份硫酸锰、0.0012-0.0023份亚硒酸钠、0.25-0.32份柠檬酸锌、0.0019-0.0028份碘化钾和3~4份可食用载体组成。
进一步地,所述复合宏量矿物质是由10.9-14.6份磷酸三钙、12.5-19.2份碳酸钙、3.2-7.6份碳酸镁、15.1-17.6份氯化钾、18.9-21.4份柠檬酸钾、32.1-32.6份柠檬酸钠和7~12份可食用载体组成。
进一步地,所述复合维生素是由2.68-3.00份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.62-0.76份维生素E、0.19 -0.3份烟酰胺、0.1-0.2份D-泛酸钙、0.03-0.04份盐酸吡哆醇、0.04-0.06份盐酸硫胺素、0.02-0.03份棕榈酸维生素A、0.03-0.05份核黄素、0.004-0.006份叶酸、0.001-0.003份植物甲萘醌、0.0003-0.0004份D-生物素、0.0001-0.0003份胆钙化醇、0.00006-0.00007份氰钴胺和6~9份可食用载体组成。
更进一步地,所述可食用载体为麦芽糊精。
更进一步地,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质295份、脂肪类物质395份、碳水化合物770份、膳食纤维类物质58份、复合微量矿物质4.7份、复合宏量矿物质119份、复合维生素10.7份、酒石酸氢胆碱7.62份、左旋肉碱0.986份、牛磺酸0.762份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由37份乳清蛋白、96份大豆蛋白和162份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由71份中链甘油三酯、62份葵花籽油、57份大豆油、88份低芥酸菜籽油和117份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由69.16份低聚麦芽糖、32份酪蛋白酸钠、4份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.3份维生素E、8.3份三聚磷酸钠、0.04份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3.2份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物由598份麦芽糊精和172份固体玉米糖浆;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由33份低聚半乳糖和25份低聚果糖组成;
所述复合微量矿物质是由0.04份硫酸铜、0.62份焦磷酸铁、0.08份硫酸锰、0.0012份亚硒酸钠、0.32份柠檬酸锌、0.0028份碘化钾和3.636份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合宏量矿物质是由14.6份磷酸三钙、19.2份碳酸钙、7.6份碳酸镁、15.1份氯化钾、18.9份柠檬酸钾、32.1份柠檬酸钠和11.5份麦芽糊精组成。
所述复合维生素是由2.68份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.624份维生素E、0.196份烟酰胺、0.12份D-泛酸钙、0.0336份盐酸吡哆醇、0.046份盐酸硫胺素、0.02份棕榈酸维生素A、0.035份核黄素、0.0057份叶酸、0.0015份植物甲萘醌、0.0003份D-生物素、0.0002份胆钙化醇、0.00007份氰钴胺和6.93763份麦芽糊精组成。
更进一步地,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质257份、脂肪类物质383份、碳水化合物632份、膳食纤维类物质60份、复合微量矿物质5.1份、复合宏量矿物质106份、复合维生素12.9份、酒石酸氢胆碱6.21份、左旋肉碱1.1份、牛磺酸0.42份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由47份乳清蛋白、112份大豆蛋白和98份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由66份中链甘油三酯、79份葵花籽油、51份大豆油、72份低芥酸菜籽油和115份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由68.66份低聚麦芽糖、31份酪蛋白酸钠、4份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.3份维生素E、8.3份三聚磷酸钠、0.04份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物是由420份麦芽糊精和212份固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由18份低聚半乳糖和42份低聚果糖组成;
所述复合微量矿物质是由0.03份硫酸铜、0.81份焦磷酸铁、0.07份硫酸锰、0.0023份亚硒酸钠、0.25份柠檬酸锌、0.0019份碘化钾和3.636份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合宏量矿物质是由10.9份磷酸三钙、12.5份碳酸钙、3.2份碳酸镁、17.6份氯化钾、21.4份柠檬酸钾、32.6份柠檬酸钠和7.8份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合维生素是由3份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.76份维生素E、0.28份烟酰胺、0.12份D-泛酸钙、0.03份盐酸吡哆醇、0.05份盐酸硫胺素、0.03份棕榈酸维生素A、0.04份核黄素、0.0042份叶酸、0.002份植物甲萘醌、0.0004份D-生物素、0.0001份胆钙化醇、0.00006份氰钴胺和8.58324份麦芽糊精组成。
本发明还提供了一种前述营养组合物的方法,它包括如下步骤:
1)按所述配比称取原料;
2)取酒石酸氢胆碱、左旋肉碱、牛磺酸、复合维生素、复合微量矿物质混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料1;取膳食纤维类物质和乳清蛋白混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料2;取复合宏量矿物质和大豆蛋白与混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料3;
3)取步骤2)所得预混料1、预混料2和预混料3混合,20-30rpm搅拌20-30min,得总混料1;取固体玉米糖浆、酪蛋白和总混料1混合,20-30rpm搅拌30-60min,得总混料2;取脂肪类物质、麦芽糊精和总混料2混合,20-30rpm搅拌40-60min,即得。
本发明最后提供了一种前述的营养组合物在制备增强免疫力、强健骨骼和/或改善便秘的食品或药品中的。
进一步地,所述食品或药品具有增强免疫力、增加骨密度和/或通便的作用。
若无特别说明,本发明所述“份”均为质量份。
本发明营养组合物中,大豆蛋白、乳清蛋白、酪蛋白提供多种优质蛋白,氨基酸含量丰富且配比适宜,有助于机体对蛋白质的吸收利用;碳水化合物由固体玉米糖浆和麦芽糊精提供,溶解性好且易被人体消化吸收;脂肪来自于低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯、大豆油,满足机体对必需脂肪酸的需求;膳食纤维来自于低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖,有助于改善肠道功能;添加酒石酸氢胆碱促进机体脂肪代谢,降低血清胆固醇;添加左旋肉碱作为脂肪酸代谢的载体,促进脂肪酸的氧化;添加牛磺酸发挥增强机体免疫力及抗疲劳功能;添加L-抗坏血酸钠、维生素E、烟酰胺、盐酸吡哆醇、D-泛酸钙、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺提供机体所需维生素;添加硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾、磷酸三钙、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠提供机体所需矿物质。
发明人通过大量试验研究,按照本发明配方得到的营养组合物能够显著改善免疫力低人群的健康状况,提升免疫力、维持骨骼健康,为临床病人康复提供有效的营养支持。乳清蛋白含有人体必需的多种氨基酸,且配比合理,易于消化吸收,其含有的生物活性成分有助于提高免疫力,恢复体能;酪蛋白可在较长时间内持续为人体提供缓慢释放的蛋白质,维持饱腹感,还能促进常量元素与微量元素的高效吸收;大豆蛋白是一种植物性的完全蛋白,富含人体所需的多种必需氨基酸,易消化吸收,营养价值高;多种蛋白质混合使用,可使氨基酸达到较好的比例,有助于提高蛋白质的生物利用率。维生素A对于维持免疫系统功能正常具有重要作用;维生素E作为重要的抗氧化剂,能够保护机体细胞免受自由基损害,延缓细胞衰老;B族维生素作为体内氨基酸代谢、脂肪代谢等所必需的营养素,参与组织修护和细胞再生,促进人体新陈代谢,调节免疫功能,提高对病原体的抵抗力;维生素C在抗氧化、促进胶原蛋白合成、降低胆固醇、参与机体解毒等方面占有重要的地位,有助于减少药物及环境污染对人体造成的危害,还可参与骨组织中蛋白质、骨胶原氨基多糖等代谢,有利于钙的吸收和向骨骼中沉积;维生素D有利于调节骨钙吸收、促进骨形成。添加矿物质锌参与体内多种酶的合成及活性发挥,参与体内免疫功能;铁是血红蛋白的重要部分,对维持正常造血功能起着关键作用,还是许多酶和免疫系统化合物的重要成分,能够提高机体免疫力,增加对疾病的抵抗力;硒不仅可以提高机体免疫力,维护心、肝、肺、胃等重要器官的正常功能,还能够保护并修复细胞、提高机体抗氧化能力;钙用于维持人体骨骼的物理强度,是维护骨健康的基本保证。左旋肉碱作为参与脂肪代谢的重要物质,能够促进脂肪转化,提高脂肪利用率,减少体内脂肪堆积,有效调节细胞内能量代谢;胆碱有助于保持细胞膜完整性,改善脂肪的吸收与利用,保护肝脏等;牛磺酸在调节神经传导,调节脂类消化与吸收,提高机体免疫力方面发挥重要作用,是调节机体正常生理活动的重要活性物质;添加低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖发挥膳食纤维作用,维持肠道免疫功能,同时可预防和缓解便秘症状。
本发明增强免疫力、强健骨骼的营养组合物,通过特定的成分及用量配比,为免疫力低人群全面补充机体所需营养素,以达到调节身体机能,增强免疫力,同时还能强健骨骼并改善便秘,促进机体功能恢复,提高生活质量,是一种营养全面、搭配合理的营养组合物,具备实际推广价值。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1 小鼠体重变化;
图2营养组合物对免疫抑制小鼠影响(A: 体重的影响,B: 进食量的影响;*表示与模型组相比P<0.05);
图3营养组合物对小鼠血清TNF-α、IgG和IgM浓度的影响(A: TNF-α浓度,B: IgG浓度,C:IgM浓度,*表示与模型组相比P<0.05);
图4营养组合物对小鼠排便次数和粪便颗粒数的影响(A:排便次数,B: 粪便颗粒数,*表示与模型组相比P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
本发明具体实施方式中的原料和设备均可通过市售购买获得,其中低芥酸菜籽油是芥酸含量不超过脂肪酸组成3%的菜籽油;低聚麦芽糖是由3个以上10个以下的葡萄糖通过α-1,4糖苷键相连的低聚糖。
实施例1 本发明营养组合物的制备
配方:蛋白质295份:其中乳清蛋白37份,大豆蛋白96份,酪蛋白162份;
植物油微囊粉395份:其是由中链甘油三酯71份、葵花籽油62份、大豆油57份、低芥酸菜籽油88份,其余为可食用载体低聚麦芽糖69.16份、酪蛋白酸钠32份、单,双甘油脂肪酸酯4份、维生素E 0.3份、三聚磷酸钠8.3份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.04份、抗坏血酸钠3.2份混合制成;
碳水化合物770份:其中麦芽糊精598份、固体玉米糖浆172份;
膳食纤维58份:其是由低聚半乳糖33份、低聚果糖25份混合制成;
复合维生素10.7份:其是由L-抗坏血酸钠2.68份、维生素E 0.624份、烟酰胺0.196份、D-泛酸钙0.12份、盐酸吡哆醇0.0336份、盐酸硫胺素0.046份、棕榈酸维生素A 0.02份、核黄素0.035份、叶酸0.0057份、植物甲萘醌0.0015份、D-生物素0.0003份、胆钙化醇0.0002份、氰钴胺0.00007份,余量为复合维生素载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
复合微量矿物质4.7份:其是由硫酸铜0.04份、焦磷酸铁0.62份、硫酸锰0.08份、亚硒酸钠0.0012份、柠檬酸锌0.32份、碘化钾0.0028份,余量为复合微量矿物质载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
复合宏量矿物质119份:其是由磷酸三钙14.6份、碳酸钙19.2份、碳酸镁7.6份、氯化钾15.1份、柠檬酸钾18.9份、柠檬酸钠32.1份,余量为复合宏量矿物质载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
酒石酸氢胆碱7.62份;左旋肉碱0.986份;牛磺酸0.762份。
制备方法:
(1)准确称量原料,依据质量配比由低到高的顺序将原料分为5组;
原料组1:酒石酸氢胆碱、左旋肉碱、牛磺酸、复合维生素、复合微量矿物质;
原料组2:膳食纤维、乳清蛋白;
原料组3:复合宏量矿物质、大豆蛋白;
原料组4:固体玉米糖浆、酪蛋白;
原料组5:植物油微囊粉、麦芽糊精。
(2)对添加量较低原料进行预混
预混料1:将原料组1转移至预混机,转速25rpm,混合15min,得预混料1;
预混料2:取出预混料1,将原料组2转移至预混机,转速25rpm,混合15min,得预混料2;
预混料3:取出预混料2,将原料组3转移至预混机,转速25rpm,混合15min,得预混料3。
(3)总混
总混料1:将预混料1、2、3转移至总混机,转速30rpm,混合30min,得总混料1;
总混料2:将原料组4转移至总混机,与总混料1一起混合,转速30rpm,混合40min,得总混料2;
总混料3:将原料组5转移至总混机,与总混料2一起混合,转速30rpm,混合60min,得到成品。
(4)分装及包装
将混合好的成品在无菌条件下进行分装及包装,以上操作步骤均在洁净干燥环境内进行。
实施例2本发明营养组合物的制备
配方:蛋白质257份:其中乳清蛋白47份,大豆蛋白112份,酪蛋白98份;
植物油微囊粉383份:其是由中链甘油三酯66份、葵花籽油79份、大豆油51份、低芥酸菜籽油72份,其余为可食用载体低聚麦芽糖68.66份、酪蛋白酸钠31份、单,双甘油脂肪酸酯4份、维生素E 0.3份、三聚磷酸钠8份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.04份、抗坏血酸钠3份混合制成;
碳水化合物632份:其中麦芽糊精420份、固体玉米糖浆212份;
膳食纤维60份:其是由低聚半乳糖18份、低聚果糖42份混合制成;
复合维生素12.9份:其是由L-抗坏血酸钠3份、维生素E 0.76份、烟酰胺0.28份、D-泛酸钙0.12份、盐酸吡哆醇0.03份、盐酸硫胺素0.05份、棕榈酸维生素A 0.03份、核黄素0.04份、叶酸0.0042份、植物甲萘醌0.002份、D-生物素0.0004份、胆钙化醇0.0001份、氰钴胺0.00006份,余量为复合维生素载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
复合微量矿物质5.1份:其是由硫酸铜0.03份、焦磷酸铁0.81份、硫酸锰0.07份、亚硒酸钠0.0023份、柠檬酸锌0.25份、碘化钾0.0019份,余量为复合微量矿物质载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
复合宏量矿物质106份:其是由磷酸三钙10.9份、碳酸钙12.5份、碳酸镁3.2份、氯化钾17.6份、柠檬酸钾21.4份、柠檬酸钠32.6份,余量为复合宏量矿物质载体麦芽糊精混合制成;
酒石酸氢胆碱6.21份;左旋肉碱1.1份;牛磺酸0.42份。
制备方法:
(1)准确称量原料,依据质量配比由低到高的顺序将原料分为5组;
原料组1:酒石酸氢胆碱、左旋肉碱、牛磺酸、复合维生素、复合微量矿物质;
原料组2:膳食纤维、乳清蛋白;
原料组3:复合宏量矿物质、大豆蛋白;
原料组4:固体玉米糖浆、酪蛋白;
原料组5:植物油微囊粉、麦芽糊精。
(2)对添加量较低原料进行预混
预混料1:将原料组1转移至预混机,转速30rpm,混合20min,得预混料1;
预混料2:取出预混料1,将原料组2转移至预混机,转速30rpm,混合20min,得预混料2;
预混料3:取出预混料2,将原料组3转移至预混机,转速30rpm,混合20min,得预混料3。
(3)总混
总混料1:将预混料1、2、3转移至总混机,转速30rpm,混合30min,得总混料1;
总混料2:将原料组4转移至总混机,与总混料1一起混合,转速30rpm,混合60min,得总混料2;
总混料3:将原料组5转移至总混机,与总混料2一起混合,转速30rpm,混合60min,得到成品。
(4)分装及包装
将混合好的成品在无菌条件下进行分装及包装,以上操作步骤均在洁净干燥环境内进行。
对比例3
其他条件和步骤同实施例1,区别在于蛋白质中酪蛋白用量调整为40份,蛋白质类物质总量随之相应变化;植物油微囊粉用量调整为220份(包含中链甘油三酯27份、葵花籽油32份、大豆油48份、低芥酸菜籽油47份,其余为可食用载体,低聚麦芽糖33份、酪蛋白酸钠16份、单,双甘油脂肪酸酯2.5份、三聚磷酸钠3.3份,不添加维生素E、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯及抗坏血酸钠);复合宏量矿物质中省去磷酸三钙,碳酸钙用量调整为2.1份,复合宏量矿物质总量随之相应变化。
对比例4
其他条件和步骤同实施例1,区别在于蛋白质中乳清蛋白用量调整为12份,酪蛋白用量调整为40份,蛋白质类物质总量随之相应变化;省去牛磺酸;植物油微囊粉的可食用载体中的维生素E用量调整为0.02份、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯用量调整为0.01份、省去抗坏血酸钠,植物油微囊粉总量随之相应变化;复合维生素中胆钙化醇用量调整为0.00003份,复合维生素总量随之相应变化。
对比例5
其他条件和步骤同实施例2,区别在于蛋白质中省去乳清蛋白,酪蛋白的用量调整为88份,大豆蛋白用量调整为131份,牛磺酸用量调整为0.02份,蛋白质类物质总量随之相应变化;植物油微囊粉的可食用载体中省去维生素E、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯用量调整为0.008份、抗坏血酸钠用量调整为0.2份,植物油微囊粉总量随之相应变化;复合宏量矿物质中磷酸三钙用量调整为1.6份;膳食纤维中省去低聚果糖,复合宏量矿物质总量随之相应变化。
对比例6
其他条件和步骤同实施例2,区别在于蛋白质中乳清蛋白用量调整为61份,蛋白质类物质总量随之相应变化;省去牛磺酸;植物油微囊粉的可食用载体中省去维生素E和抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯,抗坏血酸钠用量调整为0.7份,植物油微囊粉总量随之相应变化;膳食纤维中低聚半乳糖用量调整为2份,低聚果糖用量调整为3份,膳食纤维总量随之相应变化。
以下通过试验例进一步说明本发明的有益效果:
试验例1 本发明营养组合物性能测试
一、稳定性测试
取实施例1~2和对比例3~6制备的营养组合物,在温度40±2℃、相对湿度75±5%的条件下放置3个月。在试验开始时、试验第1个月、2个月、3个月末各取样一次,采用滴定法测试其过氧化值,结果见表1。
表1 加速稳定性试验检测结果
以上稳定性试验结果显示,在温度40±2℃、湿度75±5%条件下,未按照优选范围即实施例1~2进行制备的组合物随着检测时间推进氧化值指标上涨较快,在3个月时接近或超过10meq/kg,表明其稳定性存在一定风险。而同时添加混合生育酚浓缩物、抗坏血酸钠、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯,且添加量在优选范围内即实施例1~2的营养组合物抗氧化效果最好,即稳定性最佳。
二、抗氧化活性测试
取实施例1~2和对比例3~6制备的营养组合物,分别采用DPPH自由基清除法、水杨酸法、邻苯三酚自氧化法检测营养组合物的DPPH自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率、超氧阴离子自由基清除率,评价营养组合物的抗氧化活性,结果见表2。
表2 各实施例抗氧化活性检测
组别 | DPPH自由基清除率 | 羟基自由基清除率 | 超氧阴离子自由基清除率 |
实施例1 | 92.29%±5.14 | 62.14%±2.41 | 70.12%±3.16 |
实施例2 | 89.57%±3.47 | 60.25%±3.02 | 71.56%±2.47 |
对比例3 | 75.67%±4.11 | 52.87%±2.58 | 53.47%±1.78 |
对比例4 | 70.68%±3.58 | 43.25%±2.32 | 42.93%±2.04 |
对比例5 | 66.24%±4.01 | 35.70%±2.91 | 32.30%±1.55 |
对比例6 | 60.11%±3.39 | 30.33%±1.88 | 30.24±±2.03 |
DPPH是一种相对性质比较稳定的含氮有机自由基,是常见的衡量样品抗氧化的指标;羟基自由基是最具危害性的自由基,清除羟基自由基能力是抗氧化能力的一种很好的证明;超氧阴离子自由基易引发生物体内的脂质过氧化反应,从表2结果可知,实施例 1和实施例2的DPPH自由基清除率分别为92.29%和89.57%,羟基自由基清除率分别为62.14%和60.25%,超氧阴离子自由基清除率分别为70.12%和71.56%,远高于其他实施例,这表明实施1和实施例2的具有更好的抗氧化能力,同时也说明实施例1和实施例2中的营养组合物的抗氧化能力具有协同增效的作用。
三、毒性测试
取实施例1~2和对比例3~6制备的营养组合物对正常小鼠的急性毒性进行试验。
选用SPF级昆明种4周龄小鼠,雄性35只,体重20±2g。正式实验前对小鼠进行为期3天的适应性喂养。实验期间,环境温度设定为 25±1℃,湿度为 40%±10%,光照时间12 h、黑暗时间12 h。将实验小鼠分为空白对照组和实施例1~2组以及对比例3~6组共7组进行急性毒性试验。按照体重将小鼠随机分7笼,每笼5只。实验组按最大灌胃剂量灌胃5g/(kg·d)的实施例1~2和对比例3~6所得营养组合物,空白对照组灌胃同等剂量生理盐水,各组小鼠除灌胃外均自由摄食。灌胃后每天观察小鼠外观、行为、分泌物等的变化,连续观察14天,隔一天称量动物体重,试验期间出现中度死亡或濒死动物立即进行解剖检查,存活动物灌胃结束后进行处死并做解剖检查。
检测指标:1、小鼠体重变化;2、小鼠组织器官急性损伤情况。结果如图1和表3所示。
表3小鼠器官检测结果
组别 | 心脏 | 肝脏 | 肾脏 | 脾脏 | 胸腺 | 肺 | 小肠 | 胃 |
空白组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
实施例1组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
实施例2组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
对比例3组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
对比例4组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
对比例5组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
对比例6组 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 | 正常 |
由图1可知,空白对照组和实施例1~2组以及对比例3~6组小鼠体重均呈现正常增长趋势,且灌胃开始后,各组实施例小鼠体重增长量一直高于对照组,表明实施例1~2以及对比例3~6可以促进小鼠体重增长,不会影响小鼠正常发育状态。
经过连续两周的灌胃饲养,解剖后检查结果显示,与空白对照组相比,各实施例组小鼠各脏器质地、颜色均无异常,表明实施例1~2以及对比例3~6受试物对小鼠脏器无肉眼可见损害,无急性毒性损伤。
四、免疫效果测试
取实施例1~2以及对比例3~6制备的营养组合物对免疫缺陷小鼠免疫反应进行试验。
选用SPF级昆明种4周龄雄性小鼠40只,体重20±2g。正式实验前对小鼠进行为期3天的适应性喂养。实验期间,环境温度设定为25±1℃,湿度为40%±10%,光照时间12 h、黑暗时间12 h。将实验小鼠按照体重随机分8笼,每笼5只,分为空白对照组、模型组和实施例1-6组,共8组进行免疫反应试验。实施例1~2组以及对比例3~6组灌胃500mg/(kg·d)的实施例1~2以及对比例3~6混悬液,空白对照组和模型组灌胃同等剂量生理盐水。从第9天开始,除空白对照组以外,其余各组小鼠腹腔注射80mg/(kg·d)的环磷酰胺(CTX)溶液建立免疫抑制模型,连续三天,期间保持灌胃,实验第12天开始停止CTX腹腔注射,连续喂养至第15天。灌胃前称量并记录体重。通过每天称量饲料重量,计算各组小鼠平均进食量。实验结束前取3只小鼠进行断食不断水。采用摘眼球取血脱颈处死小鼠,解剖取胸腺、脾脏、肝脏及肾脏称取湿重。
检测指标:1、小鼠体重变化;2、小鼠进食量变化;3、小鼠脏器指数;4、小鼠血清免疫因子和免疫球蛋白水平,结果如图2、表4和图3所示。
由图2A和图2B可知,在前8天内,各组小鼠都保持进食和增重的状态,各组小鼠进食量和体重无显著差异。第9天开始使用CTX建立免疫低下小鼠模型,连续3天,期间除了空白对照组外,其余各组小鼠体重都在下降,且自由摄食量显著降低,说明造模成功。从第12天开始停止造模后,除模型组外,各组小鼠体重均有所恢复,但无法达到空白组体重水平。与模型组相比,实施例1和实施例2两组小鼠体重从第12天到15天显著增加(P<0.05),并且实施例1-2组小鼠进食量逐渐恢复至造模前水平。在12-15天期间,对比例3、对比例5和对比例6组小鼠体重和进食量虽然均有增加,但与模型组小鼠相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而从第9-15天对比例4组小鼠体重和进食量均呈下降趋势。因此,实验结果表明,在实验1-8天,各组小鼠体重均为增长趋势。在第9天至11天造模期间,由于CTX在抑制免疫系统的同时,也会影响小鼠的其他生理活动,如采食量降低、生长性能受阻等。而使用实施例1~2组以及对比例3~6干预后,实施例1-2可以有效维持小鼠体重和进食量。说明实施例1和实施例2有助于免疫力低下小鼠的体重恢复,而对比例3-6没有明显改善免疫力低下小鼠体重降低和进食量减少的情况。
表4 营养组合物对免疫低下小鼠脏器指数的影响
分组 | 肾脏指数 | 肝脏指数 | 脾脏指数 | 胸腺指数 |
空白组 | 1.4056±0.1009 | 5.4678±0.1998 | 0.3214±0.0382a | 0.2980±0.0547a |
模型组 | 1.2298±0.3574 | 5.4439±0.3281 | 0.1547±0.0551 | 0.0914±0.0382 |
实施例1 | 1.3648±0.1964 | 5.5324±0.2472 | 0.2571±0.0745a | 0.2424±0.0541a |
实施例2 | 1.3354±0.1563 | 5.3248±0.3364 | 0.2475±0.0324a | 0.2208±0.1540a |
对比例3 | 1.3036±0.1987 | 5.3477±0.5731 | 0.1764±0.0471 | 0.1218±0.0381 |
对比例4 | 1.3221±0.2547 | 5.1584±0.3491 | 0.1589±0.0457 | 0.1038±0.0355 |
对比例5 | 1.3248±0.1274 | 5.4568±0.5781 | 0.1848±0.3338 | 0.1178±0.0282 |
对比例6 | 1.3154±0.1489 | 5.2547±0.3258 | 0.1762±0.7813 | 0.1289±0.0450 |
注:a表示与模型组相比P<0.05。
由表4可知,各组小鼠间肝脏指数和肾脏指数无显著差异,但作为主要的免疫器官脾脏和胸腺,空白组、实施例1和实施例2脾脏指数和胸腺指数显著高于模型组(P<0.05),说明实施例1和实施例2有助于小鼠免疫器官的恢复,从而提高免疫力。而与模型组相比,对比例3-6组小鼠脾脏指数和肾脏指数无显著差异(P>0.05)。实验结果表明,实施例1和实施例2可以显著改善免疫低下小鼠免疫器官的恢复。
TNF-α是重要的炎性细胞因子,具有调节多种免疫和炎症反应,有助于机体抵抗病菌感染等重要生理功能。IgG和IgM是主要的免疫球蛋白,具有多种免疫调节功能。由图3A可知,与模型组相比,空白对照组、实施例1和实施例2组小鼠血清TNF-α浓度显著提高(P<0.05)。由图3B和图3C可知,与模型组相比,空白对照组、实施例1和实施例2组小鼠血清IgG和IgM浓度显著提高(P<0.05)。实验结果表明实施例1和实施例2可以显著提高血清免疫因子TNF-α和免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM的含量,进而达到增强机体免疫能力的作用。
五、钙吸收测试
取实施例1~2以及对比例3~6制备的营养组合物对促进免疫缺陷小鼠钙吸收的影响进行实验,其步骤如下:
小鼠喂养和干预方式同“四、免疫效果测试”,干预结束后,各组取3只小鼠眼球取血,使用酶联免疫吸附试剂盒检测各组小鼠血清25-羟基维生素D骨钙素水平,结果如表5所示。
表5营养组合物对小鼠血清25-羟基维生素D和骨钙素含量的影响
分组 | 25-羟基维生素D | 骨钙素 |
空白组 | 54.53±4.61a | 6.67±0.75a |
模型组 | 35.56±3.57 | 3.49±0.43 |
实施例1 | 50.24±3.38a | 6.04±0.55a |
实施例2 | 49.65±2.47a | 5.87±0.47a |
对比例3 | 36.47±3.58 | 3.45±0.36 |
对比例4 | 32.63±3.04 | 3.21±0.35 |
对比例5 | 33.98±2.84 | 3.44±0.28 |
对比例6 | 32.45±2.21 | 3.43±0.32 |
注:a表示与模型组相比P<0.05。
维生素D的主要功能是调节体内钙、磷代谢,减少骨质疏松及骨折的风险,25-羟基维生素D是反映人体维生素D水平的可靠指标。骨钙素是由成骨细胞产生和分泌的一种非胶原蛋白,作为骨代谢指标,能直接反映骨细胞活性。
如表5所示:与模型组相比,空白组、实施例1和实施例2组小鼠血清25-羟基维生素D和骨钙素水平显著提高(P<0.05),表明实施例1和实施例2可以通过促进钙吸收,提高骨钙素水平,增加骨密度,促进骨骼健康,强健骨骼。
六、促排便效果测试
取实施例1~2和对比例3~6制备的营养组合物对免疫缺陷小鼠的促排便作用进行实验,其步骤如下:
小鼠喂养和干预方式同“四、免疫效果测试”,干预结束后,各组取5只小鼠置于代谢笼,统计4 h 内小鼠的排便次数;收集粪便,计数粪便颗粒数。结果如图4所示。
免疫力低下会导致肠蠕动缓慢、肠内容物排除延迟,严重影响生活质量。营养组合物具有提高小肠转运效率,促进肠道蠕动的作用,通过观察小鼠4 h排便次数和4 h粪便颗粒数,评价营养组合物促排便的程度。
由图4A可知,与模型组相比,空白对照组、实施例1和实施2组小鼠4 h内排便次数显著增加(P<0.05);由图4B可知,与模型组相比,空白对照组、实施例1和实施2组小鼠粪便颗粒数显著增多(P<0.05)。实验结果表明实施例1和实施例2可以显著提高小鼠小肠转运效率,提升小鼠排便频率,改善小鼠便秘状况。
以上实验结果表明,通过最大耐受量法对小鼠按照最大灌胃剂量灌胃实施例1~2和对比例3~6所得营养组合物,观察小鼠体重和各内脏器官,验证了实施例1~2和对比例3~6安全无毒,脏器无肉眼可见损伤,且不会影响小鼠正常生长发育状态。通过免疫反应实验验证了实施例1-2可以显著改善CTX诱导的免疫抑制作用,有助于减缓有免疫抑制诱导的体重降低和进食量减少,加速脾脏和胸腺等免疫器官受损恢复。同时,实施例1-2具有促进机体钙吸收,提高骨钙素浓度,增加骨密度,强健骨骼作用。此外,实施例1-2还能提升小鼠排便频率,改善小鼠便秘状况。
综上,本发明营养组合物,具有增强免疫力,增强骨密度,通便的作用,可为免疫力低人群全面补充机体所需营养素,以达到增强免疫力,强健骨骼,改善便秘,促进机体恢复正常功能、提高生活质量的目的。
Claims (9)
1.一种增强免疫力,强健骨骼和/或改善便秘的营养组合物,其特征在于:它是由下述重量配比的原料组成:
蛋白质类物质257-295份、脂肪类物质383-395份、碳水化合物632-770份、膳食纤维类物质58-60份、复合微量矿物质4.7-5.1份、复合宏量矿物质106-119份、复合维生素10.7-12.9份、酒石酸氢胆碱6.21-7.62份、左旋肉碱0.986 -1.1份、牛磺酸0.42-0.762份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由37-47份乳清蛋白、96-112份大豆蛋白和98-162份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由66-71份中链甘油三酯、62-79份葵花籽油、51-57份大豆油、72-88份低芥酸菜籽油和115~117份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由68~70份低聚麦芽糖、31~32份酪蛋白酸钠、3~5份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.2 ~0.4份维生素E、8~9份三聚磷酸钠、0.03~0.05份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3~4份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物由420-598份麦芽糊精和172-212份固体玉米糖浆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述膳食纤维类物质是由18-33份低聚半乳糖和25-42份低聚果糖组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述复合微量矿物质是由0.03-0.04份硫酸铜、0.62 -0.81份焦磷酸铁、0.07-0.08份硫酸锰、0.0012-0.0023份亚硒酸钠、0.25-0.32份柠檬酸锌、0.0019-0.0028份碘化钾和3~4份麦芽糊精组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述复合宏量矿物质是由10.9-14.6份磷酸三钙、12.5-19.2份碳酸钙、3.2-7.6份碳酸镁、15.1-17.6份氯化钾、18.9-21.4份柠檬酸钾、32.1-32.6份柠檬酸钠和7~12份麦芽糊精组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述复合维生素是由2.68-3.00份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.62-0.76份维生素E、0.19 -0.3份烟酰胺、0.1-0.2份D-泛酸钙、0.03-0.04份盐酸吡哆醇、0.04-0.06份盐酸硫胺素、0.02-0.03份棕榈酸维生素A、0.03-0.05份核黄素、0.004-0.006份叶酸、0.001-0.003份植物甲萘醌、0.0003-0.0004份D-生物素、0.0001-0.0003份胆钙化醇、0.00006-0.00007份氰钴胺和6~9份麦芽糊精组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质295份、脂肪类物质395份、碳水化合物770份、膳食纤维类物质58份、复合微量矿物质4.7份、复合宏量矿物质119份、复合维生素10.7份、酒石酸氢胆碱7.62份、左旋肉碱0.986份、牛磺酸0.762份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由37份乳清蛋白、96份大豆蛋白和162份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由71份中链甘油三酯、62份葵花籽油、57份大豆油、88份低芥酸菜籽油和117份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由69.16份低聚麦芽糖、32份酪蛋白酸钠、4份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.3份维生素E、8.3份三聚磷酸钠、0.04份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3.2份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物由598份麦芽糊精和172份固体玉米糖浆;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由33份低聚半乳糖和25份低聚果糖组成;
所述复合微量矿物质是由0.04份硫酸铜、0.62份焦磷酸铁、0.08份硫酸锰、0.0012份亚硒酸钠、0.32份柠檬酸锌、0.0028份碘化钾和3.636份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合宏量矿物质是由14.6份磷酸三钙、19.2份碳酸钙、7.6份碳酸镁、15.1份氯化钾、18.9份柠檬酸钾、32.1份柠檬酸钠和11.5份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合维生素是由2.68份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.624份维生素E、0.196份烟酰胺、0.12份D-泛酸钙、0.0336份盐酸吡哆醇、0.046份盐酸硫胺素、0.02份棕榈酸维生素A、0.035份核黄素、0.0057份叶酸、0.0015份植物甲萘醌、0.0003份D-生物素、0.0002份胆钙化醇、0.00007份氰钴胺和6.93763份麦芽糊精组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质257份、脂肪类物质383份、碳水化合物632份、膳食纤维类物质60份、复合微量矿物质5.1份、复合宏量矿物质106份、复合维生素12.9份、酒石酸氢胆碱6.21份、左旋肉碱1.1份、牛磺酸0.42份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由47份乳清蛋白、112份大豆蛋白和98份酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由66份中链甘油三酯、79份葵花籽油、51份大豆油、72份低芥酸菜籽油和115份可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;所述可食用载体是由68.66份低聚麦芽糖、31份酪蛋白酸钠、4份单,双甘油脂肪酸酯、0.3份维生素E、8.3份三聚磷酸钠、0.04份抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯和3份抗坏血酸钠组成;
所述碳水化合物是由420份麦芽糊精和212份固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由18份低聚半乳糖和42份低聚果糖组成;
所述复合微量矿物质是由0.03份硫酸铜、0.81份焦磷酸铁、0.07份硫酸锰、0.0023份亚硒酸钠、0.25份柠檬酸锌、0.0019份碘化钾和3.636份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合宏量矿物质是由10.9份磷酸三钙、12.5份碳酸钙、3.2份碳酸镁、17.6份氯化钾、21.4份柠檬酸钾、32.6份柠檬酸钠和7.8份麦芽糊精组成;
所述复合维生素是由3份L-抗坏血酸钠、0.76份维生素E、0.28份烟酰胺、0.12份D-泛酸钙、0.03份盐酸吡哆醇、0.05份盐酸硫胺素、0.03份棕榈酸维生素A、0.04份核黄素、0.0042份叶酸、0.002份植物甲萘醌、0.0004份D-生物素、0.0001份胆钙化醇、0.00006份氰钴胺和8.58324份麦芽糊精组成。
8.一种制备权利要求1~7任一项所述营养组合物的方法,其特征在于:它包括如下步骤:
1)按配比称取原料;
2)取酒石酸氢胆碱、左旋肉碱、牛磺酸、复合维生素、复合微量矿物质混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料1;取膳食纤维类物质和乳清蛋白混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料2;取复合宏量矿物质和大豆蛋白与混合,20-30rpm搅拌10-20min,得预混料3;
3)取步骤2)所得预混料1、预混料2和预混料3混合,20-30rpm搅拌20-30min,得总混料1;取固体玉米糖浆、酪蛋白和总混料1混合,20-30rpm搅拌30-60min,得总混料2;取脂肪类物质、麦芽糊精和总混料2混合,20-30rpm搅拌40-60min,即得。
9.权利要求1~7任意一项所述的营养组合物在制备增强免疫力、强健骨骼和/或改善便秘的食品或药品中的用途,其特征在于:所述食品或药品具有增强免疫力、增加成骨密度和/或通便的作用。
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CN113397164A (zh) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-17 | 海南天壮营养工程有限公司 | 一种提高免疫力的特殊医学用途全营养配方食品及其制备方法 |
CN115737787A (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-07 | 四川大学 | 乳铁蛋白联合胆碱在制备预防和/或治疗阿尔兹海默症的药物中的用途 |
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CN109619552A (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-16 | 贾志丹 | 适用于肿瘤患者的营养治疗型配方及制备方法、用途 |
CN113397164A (zh) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-17 | 海南天壮营养工程有限公司 | 一种提高免疫力的特殊医学用途全营养配方食品及其制备方法 |
CN115737787A (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-07 | 四川大学 | 乳铁蛋白联合胆碱在制备预防和/或治疗阿尔兹海默症的药物中的用途 |
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