CN116854456A - 一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂及其制备方法，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，所述基材由拟薄水铝石粉18‑22wt％、莫来石粉25‑35wt％、云母粉15‑25wt％、氧化锆粉5‑15wt％、氮化硅粉7‑13wt％和高岭土5‑15wt％组成；所述辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；本发明通过利用拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土作为基材，使陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的密度更低，从而提高了陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的抗压强度；通过利用羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉和淀粉与基材混合，用以进一步提升陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的抗压强度，且可以利用山楂籽粉在加热过程中生产二氧化碳和氨气，使陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的形成网状开孔结构，提高了对杂质的吸附和容杂能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保护剂，具体为陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，属于石油化工技术领域。
背景技术
加氢保护剂是置于固定床渣油加氢保护反应器中，拦截进料中的机械杂质，脱除并容纳易沉积的金属，降低床层压降，对下游催化剂起保护作用的催化剂；石油是全球重要的能源，同时又是石油化工主要的工业原料，由于现代社会的发展造成了对石油的需求急剧增大，在一定程度上引起了当今原油品质的下降，使得世界原油加剧了向重质化、劣质化趋势发展。所谓的劣质油指的是含有高含量的硫、氮、重金属等有害杂质以及胶质、沥青质等非理想组分的原油，为提高油品品质，炼油厂一般采取加氢技术实施重油轻质化和油品清洁化；加氢技术主要分为加氢裂化、加氢处理、加氢精制3种，而加氢裂化技术因其能同时满足石油加工的轻质化和清洁化要求，逐渐成为了炼油的核心技术；单纯的加氢裂化会使得产品质量差、生焦率较高、硫氮及金属等杂质的脱除率低，故一般装填催化剂实施催化加氢达到加氢的预定效果；可是，劣质油中多含有Ni等金属化合物以及胶质、沥青质等杂质，这些杂质易沉积在主催化剂颗粒外表面及孔道口，致使主催化剂活性降低、扩散阻力增加，床层压力降升高、运转周期缩短；为了提高床层空隙率，捕捉原料中的各种杂质污垢，避免这些杂质向床层深处分布，同时通过活性匹配减缓生焦速度，减少对催化剂的污染和床层空隙的堵塞就必须装填加氢保护剂。
在固定床反应器中用于催化剂的加氢保护剂传统主要有瓷球、瓷环和蜂窝陶瓷保护剂；瓷球虽然具有强度高、耐酸碱性好的特点，但由于瓷球本身结构的限制，空隙率低、比表面积小，导致固定床反应器中压降过大，增加反应物的流动阻力，降低反应物有效接触的频率，从而影响固定床反应器的催化反应效率；且瓷环虽然空隙率较高，但瓷环颗粒之间孔径过大且分布不均匀，使其拦截杂质能力降低，支撑小规格催化剂有诸多限制，影响了处理效果，缩短了固定床反应器使用周期，增加了运行工作成本；蜂窝陶瓷保护剂强度较高、耐酸碱性好，空隙率高、比表面积大，横截面孔隙分布分散均匀、拦截杂质能力较好等特点，但由于其受模具结构和机压制成的限制，蜂窝陶瓷不能形成网状互通开孔结构，对杂质的吸附和容杂能力有限，且杂质容易积沉在反应器中催化剂和保护剂之间的界面上，反应相在界面上不能形成很好的催化反应，不仅造成反应器油气通道堵塞，使反应器内的压力降上升，且还可能会使催化剂过快沉碳和结焦，影响了催化剂的使用寿命，且制备时还需要配合特定的模具进行压制，生产效率较低，为此，提出一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂及其制备方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂及其制备方法，以解决或缓解现有技术中存在的技术问题，至少提供有益的选择。
本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，所述基材由拟薄水铝石粉18-22wt％、莫来石粉25-35wt％、云母粉15-25wt％、氧化锆粉5-15wt％、氮化硅粉7-13wt％和高岭土5-15wt％组成；所述辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；所述添加剂包括润滑剂、增塑剂和搅拌剂。
进一步优选的，所述基材与辅料的比例为2-6:1-3。
进一步优选的，所述润滑剂包括但不限于桐油、滑石粉。
进一步优选的，所述增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇。
进一步优选的，所述搅拌剂为水。
一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土混合加入球磨机中进行研磨，得到基材混合粉；
S2、将基材混合粉、羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉、淀粉和搅拌剂加入搅拌机中混合，然后依次添加润滑剂、增塑剂，得到混合泥料；
S3、将混合泥料加入真空炼泥机中，重复炼泥处理2-4次；
S4、将炼泥处理后的混合泥料放入陈腐机中陈腐20-28h，便可得到混合浆料；
S5、将丝网状海绵体浸入混合浆料，使浆料包覆于海绵体的表面，得到粗胚；
S6、将粗胚取出静置，然后经微波干燥定型，便可得到丝网胚体；
S7、将丝网胚体放入高温梭式窑中烧制，便可制得陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂。
进一步优选的，所述S3中，通过真空炼泥机对混合泥料进行重复炼泥，用以降低混合泥料中的空气含量。
进一步优选的，所述S6中，微波干燥定型的时间为6-10min，丝网胚体的含水量为8-12％。
进一步优选的，所述S7中，烧制温度为1000-1200℃，烧制时间为25-30h。
本发明实施例由于采用以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：
一、本发明通过利用拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土作为基材，使陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的密度更低，从而提高了陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的抗压强度。
二、本发明通过利用羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉和淀粉与基材混合，用以进一步提升陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的抗压强度，且可以利用山楂籽粉在加热过程中生产二氧化碳和氨气，使陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的形成网状开孔结构，提高了对杂质的吸附和容杂能力。
三、本发明将陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂泥料包覆在丝网状海绵体上，用以对泥料快速定型，从而无需使用模具进行压制，提高了生产效率，且丝网状海绵体在煅烧过程中会碳化与陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂分离，使陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂中部形成中空结构，进一步提高了对杂质的吸附和容杂能力。
上述概述仅仅是为了说明书的目的，并不意图以任何方式进行限制。除上述描述的示意性的方面、实施方式和特征之外，通过参考附图和以下的详细描述，本发明进一步的方面、实施方式和特征将会是容易明白的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的结构图。
具体实施方式
在下文中，仅简单地描述了某些示例性实施例。正如本领域技术人员可认识到的那样，在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，可通过各种不同方式修改所描述的实施例。因此，附图和描述被认为本质上是示例性的而非限制性的。
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。
实施例一
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，基材由拟薄水铝石粉18wt％、莫来石粉32wt％、云母粉20wt％、氧化锆粉5wt％、氮化硅粉10wt％和高岭土15wt％组成；辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；添加剂包括润滑剂、增塑剂和搅拌剂。
在一个实施例中，基材与辅料的比例为2:1。
在一个实施例中，润滑剂为桐油。
在一个实施例中，增塑剂为乙二醇。
在一个实施例中，搅拌剂为水。
一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土混合加入球磨机中进行研磨，得到基材混合粉；
S2、将基材混合粉、羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉、淀粉和搅拌剂加入搅拌机中混合，然后依次添加润滑剂、增塑剂，得到混合泥料；
S3、将混合泥料加入真空炼泥机中，重复炼泥处理2次；
S4、将炼泥处理后的混合泥料放入陈腐机中陈腐20h，便可得到混合浆料；
S5、将丝网状海绵体浸入混合浆料，使浆料包覆于海绵体的表面，得到粗胚；
S6、将粗胚取出静置，然后经微波干燥定型，便可得到丝网胚体；
S7、将丝网胚体放入高温梭式窑中烧制，便可制得陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂。
在一个实施例中，S3中，通过真空炼泥机对混合泥料进行重复炼泥，用以降低混合泥料中的空气含量；通过降低混合泥料中的空气含量降低陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的密度，提高抗压强度。
在一个实施例中，S6中，微波干燥定型的时间为6min，丝网胚体的含水量为12％；通过降低丝网胚体的含水量进行定型。
在一个实施例中，S7中，烧制温度为1000℃，烧制时间为30h；通过利用高温将陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂固化的同时，使丝网状海绵体碳化分离。
实施例二
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，基材由拟薄水铝石粉20wt％、莫来石粉25wt％、云母粉25wt％、氧化锆粉10wt％、氮化硅粉13wt％和高岭土7wt％组成；辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；添加剂包括润滑剂、增塑剂和搅拌剂。
在一个实施例中，基材与辅料的比例为3:2。
在一个实施例中，润滑剂为滑石粉。
在一个实施例中，增塑剂为羧甲基纤维素钠。
在一个实施例中，搅拌剂为水。
一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土混合加入球磨机中进行研磨，得到基材混合粉；
S2、将基材混合粉、羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉、淀粉和搅拌剂加入搅拌机中混合，然后依次添加润滑剂、增塑剂，得到混合泥料；
S3、将混合泥料加入真空炼泥机中，重复炼泥处理4次；
S4、将炼泥处理后的混合泥料放入陈腐机中陈腐28h，便可得到混合浆料；
S5、将丝网状海绵体浸入混合浆料，使浆料包覆于海绵体的表面，得到粗胚；
S6、将粗胚取出静置，然后经微波干燥定型，便可得到丝网胚体；
S7、将丝网胚体放入高温梭式窑中烧制，便可制得陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂。
在一个实施例中，S3中，通过真空炼泥机对混合泥料进行重复炼泥，用以降低混合泥料中的空气含量；通过降低混合泥料中的空气含量降低陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的密度，提高抗压强度。
在一个实施例中，S6中，微波干燥定型的时间为10min，丝网胚体的含水量为8％；通过降低丝网胚体的含水量进行定型。
在一个实施例中，S7中，烧制温度为1200℃，烧制时间为25h；通过利用高温将陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂固化的同时，使丝网状海绵体碳化分离。
实施例三
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，基材由拟薄水铝石粉20wt％、莫来石粉30wt％、云母粉20wt％、氧化锆粉10wt％、氮化硅粉10wt％和高岭土10wt％组成；辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；添加剂包括润滑剂、增塑剂和搅拌剂。
在一个实施例中，基材与辅料的比例为3:1。
在一个实施例中，润滑剂为桐油。
在一个实施例中，增塑剂为甘油。
在一个实施例中，搅拌剂为水。
一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土混合加入球磨机中进行研磨，得到基材混合粉；
S2、将基材混合粉、羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉、淀粉和搅拌剂加入搅拌机中混合，然后依次添加润滑剂、增塑剂，得到混合泥料；
S3、将混合泥料加入真空炼泥机中，重复炼泥处理3次；
S4、将炼泥处理后的混合泥料放入陈腐机中陈腐24h，便可得到混合浆料；
S5、将丝网状海绵体浸入混合浆料，使浆料包覆于海绵体的表面，得到粗胚；
S6、将粗胚取出静置，然后经微波干燥定型，便可得到丝网胚体；
S7、将丝网胚体放入高温梭式窑中烧制，便可制得陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂。
在一个实施例中，S3中，通过真空炼泥机对混合泥料进行重复炼泥，用以降低混合泥料中的空气含量；通过降低混合泥料中的空气含量降低陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂的密度，提高抗压强度。
在一个实施例中，S6中，微波干燥定型的时间为8min，丝网胚体的含水量为10％；通过降低丝网胚体的含水量进行定型。
在一个实施例中，S7中，烧制温度为1100℃，烧制时间为27h；通过利用高温将陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂固化的同时，使丝网状海绵体碳化分离。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到其各种变化或替换，这些都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，包括基材、辅料和添加剂，其特征在于：所述基材由拟薄水铝石粉18-22wt％、莫来石粉25-35wt％、云母粉15-25wt％、氧化锆粉5-15wt％、氮化硅粉7-13wt％和高岭土5-15wt％组成；所述辅料由50％羧甲基纤维素、30％山楂籽粉和20％淀粉组成；所述添加剂包括润滑剂、增塑剂和搅拌剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，其特征在于：所述基材与辅料的比例为2-6:1-3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，其特征在于：所述润滑剂包括但不限于桐油、滑石粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，其特征在于：所述增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂，其特征在于：所述搅拌剂为水。
6.一种陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、将拟薄水铝石粉、莫来石粉、云母粉、氧化锆粉、氮化硅粉和高岭土混合加入球磨机中进行研磨，得到基材混合粉；
S2、将基材混合粉、羧甲基纤维素、山楂籽粉、淀粉和搅拌剂加入搅拌机中混合，然后依次添加润滑剂、增塑剂，得到混合泥料；
S3、将混合泥料加入真空炼泥机中，重复炼泥处理2-4次；
S4、将炼泥处理后的混合泥料放入陈腐机中陈腐20-28h，便可得到混合浆料；
S5、将丝网状海绵体浸入混合浆料，使浆料包覆于海绵体的表面，得到粗胚；
S6、将粗胚取出静置，然后经微波干燥定型，便可得到丝网胚体；
S7、将丝网胚体放入高温梭式窑中烧制，便可制得陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，其特征在于：所述S3中，通过真空炼泥机对混合泥料进行重复炼泥，用以降低混合泥料中的空气含量。
8.根据权利要求6所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，其特征在于：所述S6中，微波干燥定型的时间为6-10min，丝网胚体的含水量为8-12％。
9.根据权利要求6所述的陶瓷丝网加氢保护剂制备方法，其特征在于：所述S7中，烧制温度为1000-1200℃，烧制时间为25-30h。
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