CN1168171C - 制备锂二次电池的方法 - Google Patents

制备锂二次电池的方法 Download PDF

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CN1168171C
CN1168171C CNB011037180A CN01103718A CN1168171C CN 1168171 C CN1168171 C CN 1168171C CN B011037180 A CNB011037180 A CN B011037180A CN 01103718 A CN01103718 A CN 01103718A CN 1168171 C CN1168171 C CN 1168171C
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洪智俊
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Igor Pitcher C Cam Kabushiki Kaisha
Kokam Kabushiki Kaisha
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制备锂二次电池的方法，其包括：通过导辊将用于绝缘电极的隔膜解开，同时通过空气喷射器将粘结剂同时涂覆至所述隔膜的两个表面的将粘附阴极板和阳极板的那部分区域上，同时将阴极板和阳极板分别粘结在隔膜的表面上，并使表面上的电极板相互均匀隔开；将粘结后的阴极板和阳极板进行层压；和将粘结有阴极板和阳极板的隔膜进行层压以使得阴极板和阳极板交替排列。根据本发明，可容易地和高效率地制得锂二次电池。

Description

制备锂二次电池的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备锂二次电池的方法。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种制备锂二次电池的方法，其包括将裁剪成均匀尺寸的阴极板和阳极板同时粘结至连续沿垂直方向运行的隔膜的两个表面上，其中在隔膜的每个表面上电极板相互之间是均匀间隔的，而且将隔膜折叠几次以使阳极板和阳极板相互交替，由此能实现简化和恒定的生产方法，同时容易地提供了具有各种形状、尺寸和所需容量的电池。
背景技术
此种具有上述构造的层合型锂二次电池是熟知的。通常地，所述电池是通过将多个阴极板粘结至沿水平方向运行的隔膜的一个表面上，而将多个阳极板粘结至隔膜的另一个表面上，其中阳极板是位于阴极板的反面，并将隔膜折叠几次以使得阴极板和阳极板按图2中所示交替排列。
在常规方法中，所述工艺是按水平方式实施的，然而，对阴极板和阳极板粘结至其上的隔膜的各个表面以分别的方式进行粘结工艺和层合工艺。结果，粘结剂的涂覆工艺、阴极板或阳极板的粘结工艺和层合工艺必须进行两次，导致工艺效率的低下。另外，因为将螺线管操纵阀型喷嘴用于喷射粘结剂，所以难于控制喷射的粘结剂的用量。另外，粘结剂的涂布率是随着粘结剂的粘度而变化。相应地，增大了制得较差质量的电池的可能性。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是解决在现有技术中存在的上述问题，并通过以种垂直方式制备锂二次电池以增加制备电池的效率和降低电池的缺陷比率而提供一种制备锂二次电池的方法。
根据本发明，提供了一种制备锂二次电池的方法，其中该方法包括：
(1)通过导辊将用于绝缘电极的隔膜解开；
(2)通过空气喷射器将粘结剂同时涂覆至所述隔膜的两个表面的一部分区域上，而阴极板和阳极板将粘附至所述隔膜的该区域上。
(3)同时将阴极板和阳极板分别粘结至隔膜的表面上，并使得隔膜的每个表面上的电极板相互之间均匀间隔开；
(4)将粘结后的阴极板和阳极板进行层压；和
(5)将粘结有阴极板和阳极板的隔膜进行层压以使得阴极板和阳极板交替排列。
根据本发明所用的阳极板是通过将一种阳极活性材料涂覆在金属箔上例如铝箔上，干燥该金属箔，并将干燥后的金属箔切割成具有所需的尺寸而制得的。可用在本发明中的阳极活性材料包括，但不限于具有尖晶石结构或层状结构的材料例如LiCO2，LiMn2O4。类似地，本发明所使用的阴极板是通过涂覆阴极活性材料在金属箔上例如铜上，干燥该金属箔，并将干燥后的金属箔切割成所需的尺寸而制得。可用在本发明中的阴极板活性材料包括，但不限于被处理以具有电化学性能的石墨或碳基材料，通常是基于中间碳微珠(MCMB)和中间相沥青碳膜等。
至于隔膜，可使用由聚乙烯或聚丙烯组成的单层或多层的孔状聚合物膜。适用于粘附阴极板或阳极板的粘结剂是通过使用空气喷射器涂覆在隔膜的表面上。用于对印刷基材施加喷墨标记的空气喷射器是用于通过使用压缩空气由一个喷嘴喷射粘结剂以使粘结剂可涂覆在沿垂直方向隔膜的两个表面上。当使用本发明的空气喷射器的喷嘴时，所喷射的粘结剂为环形状，由此在粘结层和电极板之间的接触区域和粘结层的厚度可被降低。而且，可防止粘结剂的过量涂覆。而且，可能实现搅拌现象的降低和在电子导电性方面的改进。优选地，空气喷射器的喷嘴具有50-300μm的内径。
附图说明
在结合附图阅读了下面的详细描述之后，本发明的上述目的和其它特点和优势将变得更明显的，其中：
图1是显示根据本发明制得的锂二次电池的构造的剖面图；
图2是显示在制备本发明的锂二次电池中使用的层合方法的示意图；
图3是显示用于制备本发明的锂二次电池的工艺的示意图；和
图4是显示通过使用本发明的空气喷射器涂覆粘结剂的条件。
具体实施方式
现在，将对本发明的优选实施方案参照图3进行描述。
将隔膜100从导辊110上解开下来。解开的隔膜100通过导辊121和调节辊122被供送至粘结剂涂覆站130。在通过各导辊之后，隔膜100是以垂直方向送入。
如图4中所示，在粘结剂涂覆站130，粘结剂140被从空气喷射器131自动喷射至阴极板241和阳极板242的粘结区。由于隔膜100是以垂直方向送入，所以粘结剂140可被同时喷射至隔膜100的两个表面上，具有高的加工效率。
涂覆有粘结剂的隔膜100通过分度头200和加热器210，且然后到达阴极板241和阳极板242的粘结站。将阴极板241和阳极板242粘结至隔膜100上。这个粘结工艺是通过将电极板从库230(其中堆积有电极板)取出，且然后将取出的电极板同时使用自动粘结装置220例如机器人粘结至隔膜100上而进行。另外，电极板的粘结可同时在隔膜100的两个表面上进行，导致高的加工效率。
然后将从分度头200送出的隔膜100送入层压机310，在此处隔膜100是通过热压工艺进行固定的。
然后通过分度头200、导辊121和传送带410将隔膜100送入堆堕机420。在堆堕机420中，阴极板241和阳极板242被压机430交替层压和压紧。
由此得到预成型电池。将预成型电池切割成所需尺寸，且然后自动包装。然后，将电解质填充入包装好的预定型电池以制得最终形式的电池。在真空包装之后，可得到锂二次电池。
如上述，根据本发明粘结剂涂覆工艺、电极板粘结工艺和层压工艺是按垂直方式进行。因此，是可能解决由于在按水平方式实施的常规方法中所涉及的隔膜的共混而引起的电极板转换和偏移。结果，可改进产品的生产效率和质量。
从上述描述可以明显看出，本发明实现了按垂直方式制备锂二次电池，以致于所用的工艺步骤减少，由此实现了生产效率的增长。另外，粘结剂涂覆的条件通过在粘结剂涂覆工艺中使用空气喷射器而被稳定。结果，降低了生产质量较差的电池的可能性，同时实现了电池性能的改进。
虽然以上针对所述用途，公开了本发明的优选实施方案，但本领域熟练人员将意识到，在不偏离所附的权利要求书中公开的本发明的范围和精神实质的情况下，进行各种改进、添加和替换是可能的。

Claims (2)

1、一种制备锂二次电池的方法，其由下列步骤组成：
(1)通过导辊将用于绝缘电极的隔膜解开；
(2)通过空气喷射器将粘结剂同时涂覆至所述隔膜的两个表面的一部分区域上，而阴极板和阳极板将粘附至所述隔膜的该区域上；
(3)同时将阴极板和阳极板分别粘结在隔膜的表面上，并使得隔膜的每个表面上的电极板相互之间均匀间隔开；
(4)将粘结后的阴极板和阳极板进行层压；和
(5)将粘结有阴极板和阳极板的隔膜进行层压以使得阴极板和阳极板交替排列，
其中步骤(2)至(4)是以隔膜按垂直方向运行的状态进行实施。
2、如权利要求1的制备锂二次电池的方法，其中所述空气喷射器具有直径为50-300μm的喷嘴。
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