CN116806696A

CN116806696A - Method for breeding, planting and preparing chrysanthemum tea by using spiraea japonica

Info

Publication number: CN116806696A
Application number: CN202310502480.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈向峰
Original assignee: Nanchang Hebo Ecological Agricultural Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanchang Hebo Ecological Agricultural Development Co ltd; VEGETABLE AND FLOWER INSTITUTE JIANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2023-05-06
Filing date: 2023-05-06
Publication date: 2023-09-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding and planting a pair of spartina alterniflora and preparing chrysanthemum tea, which adopts detoxication breeding to a pair of source chamomile (the plant name is Hangzhou chamomile), and detoxication seedlings can reduce the defect rate of flowers from 40% to about 4%, and simultaneously change the chrysanthemum planting from a field cultivation mode to a rain-sheltering cultivation mode, so that the problems of nutrient loss, impurity pollution, plant contamination and the like of the chrysanthemum after the chrysanthemum is washed by rain are reduced; by adopting the bud thinning and yield limiting process, each chrysanthemum plant is reduced to below 20 flowers from 500-600 flowers, and the nutrient concentration is improved by more than 30 times after the result of rain-sheltering cultivation is overlapped. The flower shape is changed from flying saucer shape to embroidery ball shape, the diameter of fresh flower can exceed 60mm, and the average weight of dried (12% water content) chrysanthemum flower can reach more than 1.2 g; and the chrysanthemum is brewed by adopting a 400ml container, and each chrysanthemum can be brewed for five times, so that the requirement of one chrysanthemum for one tea at a high end is met.

Description

Method for breeding, planting and preparing chrysanthemum tea by using spiraea japonica

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production and planting of spiraea, in particular to a method for breeding and planting one-flower one-bulb spiraea and preparing chrysanthemum tea.

Background

The chrysanthemum varieties are numerous, and the chrysanthemums with homology of medicine and food have a cultivation history of thousands of years in China. The medicinal and edible chrysanthemum recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia contains five kinds of chrysanthemum, tribute chrysanthemum, bo chrysanthemum, chuzhou chrysanthemum and Huai chrysanthemum.

Along with the continuous expansion and promotion of market demands, the product packaging form of the medicinal and edible chrysanthemum is continuously tending to miniaturization and refinement from simple and easy rough placement. The chrysanthemum which is taken as a traditional Chinese medicine raw material and enters the market mostly adopts the packaging specification (no brand and large scale) of 100 jin/bag, and the market reference price of the product is thirty yuan/jin; the chrysanthemum which is taken as common substitute tea and enters the market mostly adopts the packaging specification (brands and scales) of 50 g/bag, and the market reference price is thirty yuan/bag; as high-end top-quality tea serving chrysanthemum for pursuing health and preserving people, a 'one-to-one' packaging specification (brandy and no scale) is adopted in most cases, and the market reference price of the product is five-membered/one.

"one-flower-one-bubble" means that each chrysanthemum is independently packaged, and the commodity is not only based on the weight as a price unit, but also added with the flower as the price unit. If a transparent cup with the capacity of about 400ml is selected, the cup is brewed by 100-DEG C pure boiling water, so that the wonderful process of re-blooming of the chamomile in the water can be appreciated, and the process of turning the chamomile into bright yellow from transparent when the chamomile is brewed again, such as the rolling of a hydrangea in the cup, can be appreciated.

The 'one-flower one-bubble spiraea chamomile' brings full ceremony feeling into the consumption experience of people, the color value of the product becomes an important factor for improving the added value of the product, and one flower of chamomile with standard quality can be repeatedly brewed for more than five times, so that the experience requirements of one flower of spiraea chamomile and one flower of spiraea chamomile in one day are met.

With the continuous high-speed development of Chinese economy, various middle-low-end agricultural products have surplus productivity in different degrees, and the market demands of the middle-high-end agricultural products are steadily expanded, so that the demands are not met.

Each chrysanthemum is sold as an independent commodity, and the innovation of the product packaging form conforms to the development requirements of precise agriculture and agriculture supply side reform, improves the added value of agricultural products, and brings fire to chrysanthemum planting industry and chrysanthemum tea industry in Jiangxi provinces. By virtue of the innovation of 'one flower and one bubble' product, the large-yellow chrysanthemum (variety source: hangzhou chrysanthemum) in Jiangxi has the advantages of realizing the transition from silently smelling to alarming in both the expansion of planting scale and sales on an e-commerce platform.

The current breeding, planting and processing technology of the medicinal and edible chrysanthemum is mature. The specific production process comprises the following steps of: cutting breeding of chrysanthemum is completed between March and April in spring every year; from five months to october each year is a growing season of chrysanthemum; the first eleven months are the harvesting seasons of the chrysanthemum; from october to december are processing seasons of chrysanthemum. The chrysanthemum breeding mainly adopts a 'dividing or cutting' process; the chrysanthemum planting mainly adopts a field cultivation process; the chrysanthemum is processed mainly by adopting a heat radiation drying or microwave drying process; most of chrysanthemum tea packages are packaged by adopting food-grade plastic bags, and no fresh-keeping packaging technology is adopted.

The innovation focus of the chamomile tea industry mainly extends around the product packaging form. The traditional rough production process is basically used in the production links of breeding, planting, processing and the like of the chrysanthemums, and no refined and standardized technical innovation matched with the product packaging form is implemented. Due to the lag of product quality standard innovation and production process innovation, the continuous healthy development of the industry is restricted. Products with good quality and high inferior price are full of markets, and consumers are difficult to distinguish. The main bodies participating in market competition are small micro enterprises or family workshops, cannot form standardized and large-scale industrial development patterns, and cannot bear industrial development requirements for continuously and deeply promoting consumer demand upgrading and updating.

The production process of the rough chrysanthemum is high in yield and low in cost, the average mu yield of fresh chrysanthemum can reach 2500 jin, and the mu yield of flowers can reach 60 ten thousands of flowers, but the main problems that the product quality is affected when the process is used for producing 'one-flower one-bubble spiraea chamomile'.

First, the flower ratio meeting the "one-flower-one-bulb" morphology requirement is very low. Among the 60 thousands of chrysanthemums produced per mu, a large number of flowers are distorted and malformed in congenital flowers caused by carrying or infecting virus diseases of chrysanthemum plants; the various production processes can generate a large number of artificial flower damages due to rough operation, and the flower defects and damage rate caused by superposition of congenital and acquired factors reach more than 50% of the total number of flowers.

Secondly, the flower ratio meeting the nutrient content requirement of one flower and one bubble is very low. The tea is prepared by infusing one cup of chrysanthemum tea, more than ten flowers of small chrysanthemum are needed to be infused into the tea cup at one time, and the tea is prepared by infusing twice without taste. The reason for this is that the blooming season of the chrysanthemum is basically overlapped with the autumn rain season of the chrysanthemum main producing area, and the effective components in the chrysanthemum are mostly easy to dissolve in water. If a field cultivation mode is adopted, a large amount of nutrients of the chamomile can be caused to run off along with rainwater due to rain washing; if the traditional chrysanthemum cultivation mode is adopted, topping operation is carried out for 6, 7 and 8 months each year, the number of flowers of each chrysanthemum is too large, and the volume and the diameter of Shan Duo chrysanthemum are too small (the diameter of fresh flowers is 2.5cm, and the average weight of dried flowers is 0.25 g), so that the nutrient of chrysanthemum plants is excessively dispersed to two; the product package does not have the functions of moisture prevention and oxygen isolation, the shelf life of the product is too short, and the product is easy to generate insects and mildew.

Thirdly, the rough production mode leads to the fact that the appearance value of the chamomile is difficult to reach the standard. One of the reasons for influencing the appearance value is that the flower mass content is too high. The field planting mode cannot stop plant diseases and insect pests, and can not effectively solve the problem that secretions and corpses of insects are carried in flowers (the impurities are difficult to find at ordinary times, and when the flowers are infused with boiling water, the impurities are separated from petals and float in tea water, so that consumption experience is seriously affected); the second reason for influencing the appearance value is that the flower-shaped rain shelter cannot be realized by adopting a field planting mode, and the pollution of mud points to flowers caused by the rebound of rainwater cannot be effectively avoided; the reason for influencing the appearance color value is that strict control of the chrysanthemum harvesting season is not implemented, if the chrysanthemum is harvested too early, petals in the center of the flower are not changed from green to yellow, and the flower center is brown instead of normal bright yellow after the chrysanthemum is dried, so that the commodity is influenced; if the flower is harvested too late, the petals at the edge of the flower are Huang Bianbai, and the petals can fall off due to too old petals in the subsequent processing of the ring.

Fourth, the extensive field cultivation mode causes that the sanitation index of the chamomile tea is difficult to control. Mainly refers to heavy metal limit indexes and pesticide residue limit indexes. In order to avoid continuous cropping obstacle, the planting of the chamomile needs to be carried out, harmful substances such as total metal in soil are not only influenced by the planting technology in the same season, but also are related to the planting technology adopted by other crops in the period of rotation, and uncontrollable factors are many. The flower color of the chrysanthemum after flowering is yellow, the yellow and the chrysanthemum pollen naturally attract and attract insects, and a conventional field planting mode is adopted, so that chrysanthemum farmers often face to increase the dosage of insecticide, and the pesticide residue exceeds the standard; or the flower impurity rate is increased and the yield is reduced due to insect invasion.

Therefore, the chrysanthemum breeding process, the planting process and the chrysanthemum tea preparation process which are matched with the quality requirements of the 'one-flower one-bulb spiraea chamomile' product are required to be developed, so that the product quality can be ensured, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to establish a set of brand new chamomile breeding process, planting process and exquisite chamomile tea preparation process which are matched with the quality requirements of a 'one-flower one-soaking-embroidered chamomile tea' product. The product percent of pass of the fine-quality chamomile tea is greatly improved, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the added value of the product is greatly improved.

The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for breeding a flower of chamomile, comprising the following steps:

step one, selecting and reserving seeds:

(1.1) seed selection: when the flower buds of the yellow chrysanthemum are opened to the diameter of 3-4 cm, the shape of flowers of the whole plant is observed, plants which are not deformed and mutated, strong and have no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as mother plants for seed reserving, and seed reserving marks are made on a cultivation container.

(1.2) seed reserving: after harvesting of fresh flowers, removing old branches and leaves growing in the current year aiming at the seed-reserving mother plants, reserving main roots and foot buds of the chrysanthemum, placing the chrysanthemum, the culture container and the matrix in a land for intensively storing the seed-reserving mother plants, and keeping the chrysanthemum mother plants without water shortage.

Step two, stock breeding:

(2.1) preparation of materials and media: transferring the seed-reserving parent strain into an illumination incubator, culturing for about 50 days, promoting new buds and new branches, and keeping the temperature of the illumination incubator at 26 ℃ in daytime and 20 ℃ in nighttime for two days; then the day temperature/night temperature is synchronously increased by 2 ℃ and kept for two days until the day temperature is 38 ℃ and the night temperature is 32 ℃ and kept for 40 days; taking a newly-grown stem section on a seed stock plant left in a high-temperature environment, removing leaves, and taking heart leaves and axillary buds; placing in a beaker, washing with clear water, filtering, transferring into a sterile operation table, sterilizing with 20% sodium hypochlorite, and washing with sterile water for use;

Subpackaging the prepared MS+6-BAO.1mg/L culture medium solution into culture bottles (30 ml/bottle), closing the bottle caps, transferring the culture bottles into a sterilizing pot, sterilizing for 20 minutes at the temperature of 121 ℃ and under the pressure of 1.1MPa, cooling, and placing into a sterile operation table for standby;

(2.2) differentiation and subculture: under the aseptic condition, stripping the growth point of the sterilized material by 0.3 mm-0.5 mm under an dissecting mirror, inoculating the sterilized material to a sterilized culture medium, placing the sterilized material at 26 ℃, culturing the sterilized material under the conditions of light intensity of 2000 lx-3000 lx and illumination time of 16h/d, turning green and sprouting the stem tip for about one week, and forming a stem segment with buds for 20-30 d; cutting the differentiated bud-bearing stem segments into small segments under the aseptic condition, transferring 1-2 axillary buds in each segment into a culture medium (MS+6-BA0.1 mg/L) for proliferation, and obtaining 30-40 axillary bud-bearing segments after 3-4 weeks;

(2.3) virus detection: taking the subcultured strong buds, extracting RNA, and identifying by an RT-PCR method, wherein no virus is continuously cultured, and the method is not used for giving up the contaminated materials;

(2.4) rooting culture: transferring the stem sections subjected to the subculture into a rooting medium (MS+6-BA0.1mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L) to induce rooting, and culturing for 3-4 weeks at the temperature of 25-26 ℃.

Step three, stock seed propagation:

(3.1) preparing seedling raising facilities and hardening seedlings: seedling raising facilities are divided into two types, namely a seedling raising multi-span greenhouse for cutting propagation, and mobile seedbeds, fans, wet curtains, external sun-shading and fog-camouflage equipment and the like are required to be configured. Another type of multi-span greenhouse for stock transplanting requires configuration of cultivation containers, drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated equipment.

When more than 5 roots with the length of 3 cm-4 cm are grown on the stem section of the tissue culture seedling in the culture flask, the seedling can be trained. The culture flask can be moved from the tissue culture room to the movable seedling bed of the seedling greenhouse in the first two days before seedling training, and then the bottle cover of the culture flask can be opened to allow the tissue culture seedling in the culture flask to contact with the air of the seedling greenhouse.

(3.2) hardening off: when more than 5 roots with the length of 3 cm-4 cm are grown on the stem sections of the tissue culture seedlings in the culture flask, hardening off the seedlings, transferring the culture flask from the tissue culture chamber to a movable seedling bed of a seedling raising greenhouse in the first two days of hardening off, and then opening the bottle cover of the culture flask to enable the tissue culture seedlings in the culture flask to contact with the air of the seedling raising greenhouse;

(3.3) fixed root of the plug: taking out the tissue culture seedlings in the culture bottle, washing off the culture medium by clear water, transferring the culture medium into a seedling culture tray fully paved with seedling culture matrixes, covering the roots and stems of the seedlings with matrixes with the thickness of 1cm, ensuring that the leaves and growth points of the seedlings can obtain illumination, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of the matrixes at about 60%, keeping the air temperature between 20 and 25 ℃, growing new leaves of the tissue culture seedlings within one week, keeping the thin fertilizer to be applied, and forming strong seedlings after 20 days;

(3.4) propagating and transplanting the seedlings: transplanting the stock seeds cultivated on the seedling culture tray to a cultivation container with the diameter of 20 cm and the height of 20 cm and filled with cultivation matrixes, pouring root fixing water, configuring a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation facility, keeping the thin fertilizer application and controlling the temperature in a greenhouse to be 20-28 ℃; timely topping when three new leaves grow out of the new buds of the plants, and promoting the formation of lateral buds and branches of the plants;

(3.5) cutting propagation: when more than ten shoots are formed in the stock seeds transplanted into the container, cutting propagation of seedlings can be carried out when the length of each shoot reaches 15-20 cm; taking the shoots of the original seeds, reserving more than 10 cm of stems and a few tender leaf cores, dipping with a bactericide and a rooting agent, inserting into a seedling raising and cutting plug tray, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of a matrix at about 65%, keeping the air temperature of a seedling raising and cutting greenhouse at about 25 ℃, keeping the air humidity at about 65%, keeping for 20 days, healing wounds of chrysanthemum cutting plants, growing new roots, supplementing low-concentration water-soluble fertilizers through the roots and leaf surfaces of the plants after the new roots grow out, and promoting plant growth to finish the breeding of Huang Jumiao.

Step four, cultivation verification:

(4.1) purification and rejuvenation: the seedling field planting produced in the step three is used for cultivation verification in a production planting area, seed selection and seed reserving operation are carried out before chrysanthemum harvesting is completed in the planting season, and the seed selection and seed reserving requirements are met according to the preferred standard in the preferred mode, so that the purification and rejuvenation of the seedling are realized;

(4.2) lifting detoxification: and repeating the first step to the fourth step, carrying out seed selection and seed reservation continuously and repeatedly, eliminating accumulated errors formed by tissue culture detoxification operation, and improving the detoxification purity of seed surfaces.

A planting method of a one-flower one-bulb spiraea coreana comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a field and a cultivation facility:

(1.1) site selection: the planting greenhouse adopts a plastic multi-span greenhouse with a shoulder height of 3.5 meters, 60 mesh insect-proof nets are arranged around the greenhouse, a non-drip film is arranged at the top, ventilation windows (electric film winding devices) are vertically distributed at the top, grass-proof cloth is adopted on the ground, a sticky yellow board is hung in the greenhouse, solar insect-killing lamps are arranged outside the greenhouse, and a buffer area is arranged at an entrance of the greenhouse to construct double insect-proof net isolation;

(1.2) cultivation vessel and substrate selection: the container is a black-and-white film planting container with the diameter x being 30 cm x 20 cm, the cultivation substrate is a crop straw which is crushed, decomposed and fermented, and a proper amount of coconut coir, peat, peanut cake fertilizer and the like are added;

(1.3) planting row spacing and plant spacing selection: the ridge width is 60cm, two rows are planted in each ridge, the two rows are in a delta-shaped layout, the plant spacing is 40cm, and the distance between the two ridges is 90cm. About 2000 chrysanthemum plants are cultivated per mu.

(1.3) irrigation device selection: an intelligent drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system is characterized in that two independent drippers are distributed on each cultivation container, and the water yield is more than or equal to 2L/h; the sprinkling irrigation facility adopts an intelligent high-pressure mist-spraying system, and the spray pipe adopts a high-pressure-resistant mist-spraying pipe with the diameter of 9.52mm and a stainless steel mist-spraying high-pressure spray head.

Step two, killing insects and weeding before field planting:

(2.1) grass-attracting growth: before the chrysanthemum seedlings are planted each year, during the period from March to March each year, rainwater and dew are led into the chrysanthemum planting shed by opening a ventilation window at the top of the shed, and a mist spraying device is started to increase the water content of the ground in the shed, so that grass seeds in the shed are promoted to sprout before the chrysanthemum is planted;

(2.2) insecticidal weeding: when the sunlight irradiates sufficiently at the beginning of the month of April every year, the top film and the side film of the greenhouse are all closed, so that the high temperature of more than 50 ℃ is formed in the greenhouse, and the greenhouse lasts for about one week, so that most weeds, ova and germs in the greenhouse are killed.

Step three, field planting and seedling reviving:

(3.1) field planting: planting the production seedlings (stock seeds) bred in the chrysanthemum seedling raising stage in a cultivation container in a planting greenhouse, watering enough rooting water, keeping the water content of a matrix in the cultivation container to be about 65%, and controlling the planting of 2000 plants per mu of land;

(3.2) seedling reviving: and 3 days after field planting of the matrix seedlings, the seedlings are recovered, the growth of plant root systems is promoted after recovery, and a proper amount of mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizer, fish protein fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer and the like can be applied through intelligent water and fertilizer integrated equipment to promote the growth of plant root systems.

Step four, planting gardening:

(4.1) topping and pruning operation: growing new leaves after the chrysanthemum is grown, when more than three new leaves appear in a plant growing point, topping operation can be carried out to promote axillary bud germination, when the number of new branches germinated by the axillary buds reaches more than 8, topping operation can be stopped, and the formation of first-stage branches of the plant is waited; when the primary branches grow to 15CM, branch fixing operation can be implemented, weak branches are removed, and strong branches are reserved, so that 8 strong branches are reserved for each chrysanthemum;

(4.2) bud picking and branch thinning operation: when the first-stage branches reach 30 cm long, axillary buds on the branches germinate and grow to form axillary buds, so that second-stage branches grow, and the axillary buds and the second-stage branches on the main branches are comprehensively removed, so that 8 first-stage branches of the chrysanthemum are always maintained in the whole cultivation season;

(4.3) bud thinning operation: after September enters a short sunshine season, chrysanthemum plants are gradually transformed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, flower buds are gradually formed, flower stems which are propped against the flower buds grow to a certain length, and bud thinning operation can be performed under operation conditions. When the buds are thinned, the secondary branches at the axillary buds of the primary branches and the buds derived from the secondary branches are all removed, and only 1 or 2 buds positioned at the top end of the primary branches are reserved.

Fifth, irrigation and fertilization:

the EC value of the irrigation water source is required to be less than 0.3, and the PH value is about 7; shi Feifen is two ways of base fertilizer application and water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation fertilizer application, and the base fertilizer application time is to mix proper amount of decomposed peanut cake fertilizer in proportion when filling the culture medium. The fertigation can be water-soluble fertilizer which is commonly adopted, and the optional input products comprise mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizer, fish protein fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate water-soluble fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and the like. The fertigation can be performed by adopting a thin fertilizer on duty mode, and the fertigation frequency and the single fertigation concentration are always around the central goal of preventing the excessive growth of the chrysanthemum branches.

In order to ensure the comprehensive balance of nutrients of chrysanthemum plants and prevent chrysanthemum branches from lodging, trace element fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, iron, zinc and the like need to be applied regularly.

Because the chrysanthemum has long growth cycle, the excessive growth of branches is easy to occur, the usage amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is strictly limited to avoid excessively long branches, and the plants are promoted to form the growth effect of short internode distance and thick paper strips. In order to effectively control the overgrowth of plants, a growth regulator meeting the requirements of green food can be selected.

Step six, pest control:

The disease and pest prevention of the chrysanthemum mainly refers to pest prevention, and after facility cultivation and matrix cultivation are selected, the cultivation facilities block the erosion of rainwater to chrysanthemum plants, and the chrysanthemum diseases are basically eliminated.

The key point of the pest control of the chrysanthemum is to make plant protection prevention, if insect pest is happened, even if the insect pest is controlled by the subsequent plant protection operation, the effect on the chrysanthemum yield is not great, but the virus disease transmitted by the chrysanthemum plant infected with insects is unavoidable, and the probability of causing the morphological distortion and the incomplete flower is increased greatly.

Plant protection prevention is also classified into normalization prevention and key time important prevention.

Wherein normalizing the preventive operation comprises: firstly, the insect-proof net around the greenhouse and the buffer room are maintained, the physical isolation function of the greenhouse is maintained, and invasion of pests outside the greenhouse to the greenhouse is effectively blocked. Secondly, the installation density of the pest sticking plate in the greenhouse is maintained and maintained, and the pest base number in the greenhouse is effectively controlled. Thirdly, a certain number of insecticidal lamps which can be normally on duty are kept outside the greenhouse, so that the pest base numbers around the planting area are effectively controlled. By adopting the normalized prevention and control measures, the interval period of the chrysanthemum plant protection operation can be effectively prolonged.

The key preventive operations of the key occasions include: firstly, the season that the pests are easy to grow is mastered, the aphid is generally in the spring and autumn, and the meat worm is generally in the period of 5-6 months and 9-10 months. The early discovery and early prevention are needed. Secondly, the manpower input for finding pests is increased, grid management is carried out on chrysanthemum planting areas, and responsibility for finding pest situation is implemented to special people. The patrol special personnel needs to configure a magnifying glass to identify the insect condition of plant leaves in each grid of the whole garden. Once a certain greenhouse is found to be insect pest, the greenhouse is timely listed as a plant protection spraying operation object. Thirdly, adopting a front heavy and rear light plant protection strategy, wherein dead angles are not required to be kept in plant protection operation at the initial stage of insect pest occurrence, plants cannot be sprayed only, and full coverage is required to be realized without dead angles; no opportunity is given to wheeze, and the net leakage is avoided once every day for three consecutive days; the eggs are killed and cut off. Fourthly, intelligent high-pressure mist-spraying plant protection equipment is applied, and the equipment has the following advantages: unmanned operation can be realized; the spraying time can be controlled, and the high-temperature period is avoided to select night operation; can realize spraying without dead angle, the liquid medicine mist can be partially attached to the leaf backs, and continuous operation can be realized.

In the aspect of plant protection input product selection, the invention requires that low-toxicity high-efficiency chemical pesticides meeting the requirements of green food can be selected before the diameter of the flower buds of the chrysanthemum is less than 1cm (before the last ten days of october); and after the flower buds of the chrysanthemum are larger than 1cm, only biological pesticides without pesticide residues can be selected in flowering season. The main biological control medicines for meat worm can be selected from tobacco leaf water, bacillus thuringiensis, nuclear polyhedrosis virus, and aphid can be selected from tobacco leaf water, matrine, pyrethrin, etc.

Step seven, chrysanthemum picking:

(7.1) picking time selection: the petals from the center of the flower of the yellow chrysanthemum are changed from green to yellow, and the petals from the center of the flower of the yellow chrysanthemum are changed from yellow to white, so that the best harvest season (about 15 days) of the yellow chrysanthemum is realized. The chrysanthemum harvesting operation should be completed in the optimal harvesting season.

(7.2) precise picking operation: the method is characterized in that the proper harvest of the chamomile is required to be carried out strictly (the cooperation of the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger, the bending of the wrist after the flower is stabilized, and the flower stalks can be easily broken without damaging the structure of the flower) so as to prevent the integrity of the flower from being damaged due to improper effort.

A preparation method of a one-flower one-bubble spiraea chrysanthemum tea comprises the following steps:

Step one, preparing a chamomile spreading cooling field:

(1) Spreading and cooling a bracket for preparation: in order to avoid dust pollution in stacking places after a large number of fresh flowers are collected and stored, a Huang Jutan cool support is built by adopting stainless steel square tubes. The height of the bracket is 75 cm, the width of the bracket is 6 cm, and the length of the bracket is suitable for not influencing the movement of the material drying bracket.

(2) Preparing a material stacking tray: in order to perform the flower picking and coding operations, a sufficient number of trays are prepared in the chamomile spreading and cooling area.

(3) Preparing a material drying support: in order to facilitate feeding the coded materials into the drying room, a proper number of material drying brackets with moving functions are required to be configured. The dimensions of the tray, the movable support and the drying room are designed in a unified way and matched with each other.

Step two, warehouse-in and spread-cooling of the chrysanthemum:

(2.1) the harvesting personnel transfer the harvested Huang Juyun to the material storage area of the chamomile tea processing area. After finishing material cutting, processing operators carry the collected fresh flowers of the chamomile to a chamomile spreading and cooling area, and high temperature caused by piling of the fresh flowers is prevented. The fresh flower spreading and cooling area has the function of preventing the sun from blowing out in the wind, keeps the place clean, prevents the fresh flowers from being polluted by dust, and increases the impurity content of the materials.

In principle, the temporary storage time of the fresh flowers in the material cooling area should not exceed 72 hours so as to avoid the occurrence of petal color browning.

(2.2) picking and code wheel operation: the picking operation is to remove the damaged flowers or the flowers polluted by impurities and the like generated by improper operation of the harvesting ring joint; grading according to the diameter of the flowers, classifying and stacking the flowers of the chamomile with the same specification by taking the tray as a unit, and grading packaging after drying is facilitated; the stacking tray operation requires that flowers are orderly stacked on a drying tray, so that the flowers are prevented from being stacked in multiple layers to form mutual extrusion;

(2.3) racking operation: after the material tray ends, the material trays can be sequentially placed on the material support so as to be intensively fed into the drying room.

Step three, a heat pump energy-saving low-temperature airflow drying process:

(3.1) feeding the materials into a drying room:

according to the matching requirement of stoving room and material support, push the stoving room to the material support of stipulation quantity for the material is through the reasonable support of tray and support, evenly distributed in the stoving room, ensures the inside high-speed air current evenly distributed in stoving room, and the stoving speed of material keeps unanimous.

(3.2) drying process setting: the intelligent drying equipment is provided with an air temperature and humidity sensor, acquires temperature and humidity data of the drying room in real time, and works cooperatively with intelligent PLC control equipment of the drying room. The drying operator can set a drying program through a human-computer interaction interface, and generally adopts low-temperature air flow of 30-40 ℃ in the early stage to dry the moisture on the surface layer of the yellow chrysanthemum petals; the middle section adopts 45-degree drying air flow to dry the water in the middle part of the flower, and finally, the water in the middle part of the flower is pulled out by using a short-time 50-degree medium-temperature ultra-drying air flow.

(3.3) material water content detection: before the chrysanthemum is dried, a drying operator is required to measure the moisture. The flower moisture content should be lower than 10% to end the drying process. Therefore, a small amount of moisture regain exists after the materials are dried, and the water content is not exceeded.

(3.4) baking the material and temporarily storing the food bag:

the chamomile meeting the drying requirement is temporarily stored by adopting a small food grade plastic bag as soon as possible, so that moisture regain and pollution are avoided. And (5) finishing the packing operation according to the flowers after the next working procedure.

The emptied material tray and the material bracket can be circularly used for the code wheel operation of the next drying period.

Step four, packaging chrysanthemum tea according to the flower shape:

(4.1) preparation of a packing operation: the chamomile tea adopts a semi-automatic blister packaging machine to carry out the flower packaging operation. Before starting, a matched bubble cap mould is selected according to the dimension specification of the chamomile tea to be packaged, and the corresponding inner packing material is ready. The inner packaging material comprises a food-grade PVC hard sheet, an aluminum foil bubble cap cover and a deoxidizer. Wherein the deoxidizer is hermetically packaged, and the deoxidizer hermetically packaged package can be temporarily opened (failure after half an hour) before use.

(4.2) artificially filling flos Chrysanthemi and deoxidizer

After the semiautomatic packing machine is started, the equipment can automatically process the PVC hard sheet into bubble caps with specified size by the thermoforming unit, when an operator sequentially fills the chrysanthemum and the deoxidizer into each bubble cap according to the principle that one chrysanthemum and one deoxidizer are placed in each PVC bubble cap, an automatic sealing device of the packing machine automatically completes the sealing of the bubble cap, and the sealing packing of the aluminum foil cover and the bubble cap is realized by the high-pressure thermoforming process. And then the cutting process automatically completes the cutting operation of a plurality of bubble caps.

(4.3) checking the tightness of the chamomile tea blister pack

After the packaging of the single chamomile tea leaves is completed, oxygen in the bubble cap can be adsorbed by waiting for the deoxidizer for a short time, so that the air pressure in the bubble cap is reduced. If the bubble cap package is tight and airtight, the air pressure outside the bubble cap can guide the bubble cap to be inwards sunken, and if an air leakage point exists between the bubble cap and the aluminum foil, the bubble cap can still keep the original outwards protruded state.

Blister packages that do not form an inward depression may be listed as inferior or promotional, while blisters that meet the full seal requirements may fall into the category of superior.

The flowers which are packaged in the bubble caps but the flowers are packaged can be packaged in a concentrated manner according to 10 flowers/package, and then the flowers are stored in a refrigeration house in a unified manner according to the specification requirement of 1000 flowers/box by using a corrugated case.

Step five, chrysanthemum tea commodity packaging:

(5.1) commodity packaging operation:

according to the operation requirement, the outer packing box material and the inner packing bubble cap with corresponding specification are prepared in advance. Packaging the well-formed pre-packaged chamomile into a packaging box according to the printing requirement of the packaging box. Finishing the commodity packaging and transportation packaging operation.

(5.2) packaging identification operation:

according to the requirements, the production information is correctly recorded in an agricultural product tracing system, an agricultural product safety network management system and the like, commodity tracing codes and food safety promise codes are generated through the system, and organic products or green food marks are pasted.

(5.3) warehouse-in operation of commodity products:

and filling in the warehouse entry form in time for officinal warehouse entry of the produced finished products, and incorporating the finished products into the management of the commodities to be sold. The chamomile tea is recommended to be stored in a refrigeration house with the temperature of minus 18 ℃. The shelf life is two years.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The invention improves the production process for the first time by improving the perfection rate of the flower of the yellow chrysanthemum on the basis of comprehensively analyzing congenital and acquired factors which lead to the malformation and damage of the flower of the yellow chrysanthemum. The tissue culture detoxification seedling is cultivated by selecting a tissue culture detoxification, purification and rejuvenation technology in a breeding stage, and the comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests are realized by applying facility agriculture and intelligent agriculture technology in a planting stage, so that the problems of congenital flower distortion, incomplete and the like of the chamomile are solved.

The invention hooks the integrity rate of the flowers of the yellow chrysanthemum with the viral diseases of the yellow chrysanthemum for the first time, and reduces the distortion and incomplete rate of the flowers of the yellow chrysanthemum from 40% to 4% by adopting a double blocking mode of simultaneously blocking the transmission paths of the mother and child of the viral diseases and the insect transmission paths in the growing season.

By reasonably matching the planting scale and processing capacity of the chamomile, the chamomile harvesting is ensured to be completed in the optimal harvesting season. Can effectively prevent the yellow chrysanthemum petals from falling off due to overaging.

The traditional rough operation mode is replaced by the accurate operation mode in a plurality of production links such as harvesting season, processing season and the like, so that the damage of flowers caused by artificial factors in the production process is effectively reduced.

The flower defect caused by congenital and acquired factors of the chamomile is effectively controlled, the flower perfection rate of links such as chamomile planting, chamomile tea preparation and the like is effectively improved, and the product quality and the production efficiency of the 'one-flower one-bubble spiraea chamomile' are improved.

(2) The invention focuses on satisfying the 'one-shot one-brew' consumption experience (the tea soup can still keep bright yellow after one chamomile tea is repeatedly brewed with a 400ml water cup for five times). The technical process innovation is implemented from three aspects, firstly, chrysanthemum varieties are selected, and chrysanthemum with a multi-layer tubular flower shape is selected. The flower of the chamomile with the top advantage has obviously larger volume and diameter and more compact petals; secondly, a protected land facility cultivation process is selected to realize the rain shelter in the flowering phase, so that the situation that flowers cannot resist bubbles due to nutrient loss caused by rain washing is avoided; thirdly, a bud thinning and yield limiting process is used for promoting nutrient concentration of plants and flowers. The flower shape is changed from a flying saucer shape to an embroidered ball shape, the number of petal layers is changed from more than 10 layers to more than 20-30 layers, the diameter of fresh flowers is increased from 2.5cm to more than 6cm, and the average weight of dry flowers is changed from 0.2 g to more than 1.0 g (the water content is lower than 10%).

The bud thinning and yield limiting process reduces the flowering quantity of each strain of chamomile from 600 flowers to about 16 flowers, improves the nutrient concentration of flowers by more than 30 times, is more beneficial to reducing the manual work quantities of subsequent harvesting operation, picking and coding disc operation, drying operation, packaging operation and the like, and is also beneficial to carrying out refined management in subsequent working procedures and improving the product quality.

(3) The invention reduces the impurity content of the chamomile tea by optimizing the following production process, and maintains the consistency of the color of the chamomile leaves. Firstly, by adopting a facility cultivation process, an intelligent plant protection operation insect prevention mode with a normalized physical insect prevention process and a key time period is established, and pollution to flowers of chamomile caused by aphid secretion, ova and the like is effectively prevented. Secondly, the facility cultivation technology is adopted to realize rain-sheltering cultivation, so that mud points and impurities carried in petals due to rain rebound are prevented. And thirdly, the heat pump energy-saving low-temperature airflow dehydration drying process is adopted, so that the problem that the dryness of the traditional dried materials is uneven, and the dried flowers are uneven in color after being dried is effectively solved. Fifthly, the original single-flower fresh-keeping packaging technology of the chamomile tea is adopted, so that the shelf life of the product is prolonged (the shelf life is prolonged from three months to more than one year at normal temperature, and the storage life of a refrigeration house is prolonged from half a year to 2 years). Avoiding the occurrence of the problems of insect and mildew caused by improper storage of the chamomile tea.

The impurity content of the chamomile tea is effectively reduced and the consistency of petal colors is effectively maintained by optimizing the production process flows of a series of planting, drying, packaging and the like.

(4) According to the invention, the container is combined with the matrix cultivation to replace the traditional field cultivation, so that the problems of death and yield reduction caused by continuous cropping obstacles of the chrysanthemum can be effectively reduced, and the heavy metal content in the chrysanthemum can be effectively reduced; the pest control technology meeting the requirements of green agricultural products can effectively reduce the pesticide residue content in the chrysanthemum tea.

After the invention is adopted, about 3 thousands of chamomile tea meeting the quality requirement of a sparassis crispa product can be produced per mu. From breeding and planting to preparation of chamomile tea, the total product percent of pass in the whole industry chain reaches more than 90 percent.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one: a breeding method of a one-flower one-bulb spiraea chamomile, wherein the spiraea chamomile is a parent chamomile (phytology name: hangzhou chamomile), which is abbreviated as chamomile hereinafter, is selected from planting bases in Nanchang city of Jiangxi province in a planting culture way, and specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, selecting and reserving seeds:

(1.1) seed selection: when the flower buds of the yellow chrysanthemum are opened to the diameter of 3-4 cm (the Nanchang planting base is 10 late months), the shape of the flowers of the whole plant is observed, the plants which are not deformed and mutated, strong and have no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as mother plants for seed reserving, and seed reserving marks are made on a cultivation container.

The process steps are mainly performed through careful observation, so that the robustness of plants and the integrity of flowers are ensured, and the error probability of tissue culture seedling operation is reduced.

Step two, stock breeding:

(2.1) preparation of materials and media: transferring the seed-reserving parent strain into an illumination incubator, culturing for about 50 days, promoting new buds and new branches, and keeping the temperature of the illumination incubator at 26 ℃ in daytime and 20 ℃ in nighttime for two days; then the day temperature/night temperature is synchronously increased by 2 ℃ and kept for two days until the day temperature is 38 ℃ and the night temperature is 32 ℃ and kept for 40 days; taking a newly-grown stem section on a seed stock plant left in a high-temperature environment, removing leaves, and taking heart leaves and axillary buds; placing in a beaker, washing with clear water, filtering, transferring into a sterile operation table, sterilizing with 20% sodium hypochlorite, and washing with sterile water.

Packaging the prepared MS+6-BAO.1mg/L culture medium solution into culture bottles (30 ml/bottle), closing the bottle cap, transferring the culture bottles into a sterilizing pot, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20 minutes under 1.1MPa, cooling, and placing into a sterile operation table for standby.

(2.2) differentiation and subculture: under the aseptic condition, stripping the growth point of the sterilized material by 0.3 mm-0.5 mm under an dissecting mirror, inoculating the sterilized material to a sterilized culture medium, placing the sterilized material at 26 ℃, culturing the sterilized material under the conditions of light intensity of 2000 lx-3000 lx and illumination time of 16h/d, turning green and sprouting the stem tip for about one week, and forming a stem segment with buds for 20-30 d; cutting the differentiated bud-bearing stem segments into small segments under the aseptic condition, transferring 1-2 axillary buds in each segment into a culture medium (MS+6-BA0.1 mg/L) for proliferation, and obtaining 30-40 axillary bud-bearing segments after 3-4 weeks.

(2.3) virus detection: taking the subcultured strong buds, extracting RNA, and identifying by RT-PCR method, wherein no virus is continuously cultured, and the method is not used for giving up the contaminated materials.

The process comprises the steps of removing viruses carried by original plants from seed-reserved mother plants through plant tissue culture and other processes, and cultivating materials or seedlings with stable and pure characters for breeding the original seeds.

Step three, stock seed propagation:

the seedling raising facilities are divided into two types, namely a seedling raising multi-span greenhouse for cutting propagation, and the movable seedling bed, a fan, a wet curtain, external sunshade and fog-spreading equipment are required to be configured; another type of multi-span greenhouse for stock transplanting requires configuration of cultivation containers, drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated equipment.

(3.1) hardening off: when more than 5 roots with the length of 3 cm-4 cm are grown on the stem section of the tissue culture seedling in the culture flask, the seedling can be trained, the culture flask can be moved into a movable seedling bed of the seedling raising greenhouse from the tissue culture room in the first two days of seedling training, then the bottle cover of the culture flask can be opened, and the tissue culture seedling in the culture flask is contacted with the air of the seedling raising greenhouse.

(3.2) fixed root of the plug: taking out the tissue culture seedlings in the culture bottle, washing the culture medium with clear water, transferring the culture medium into a seedling culture tray fully paved with seedling culture matrixes, covering the seedling culture tray with the 1cm thick matrixes at the stem root of the seedlings, ensuring that the leaves and the growing points of the seedlings can obtain illumination, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of the matrixes at about 60%, keeping the air temperature between 20 and 25 ℃, growing new leaves of the tissue culture seedlings within one week, keeping the thin fertilizer to be applied, and forming strong seedlings after 20 days.

(3.3) propagating and transplanting the seedlings: transplanting the stock seeds cultivated on the seedling culture tray to a cultivation container with the diameter of 20 cm and the height of 20 cm and filled with cultivation matrixes, pouring root fixing water, configuring a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation facility, keeping the thin fertilizer application and controlling the temperature in a greenhouse to be 20-28 ℃; note that when three new leaves grow out of the new buds of the plants, the top is timely cut off, and the formation of lateral buds and branches of the plants is promoted.

(3.4) cutting propagation: when more than ten shoots are formed in the stock seeds transplanted into the container, cutting propagation of seedlings can be carried out when the length of each shoot reaches 15-20 cm; taking the shoots of the original seeds, reserving more than 10 cm of stems and a few tender leaf cores, dipping with a bactericide and a rooting agent, inserting into a seedling raising and cutting plug tray, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of a matrix at about 65%, keeping the air temperature of a seedling raising and cutting greenhouse at about 25 ℃, keeping the air humidity at about 65%, keeping for 20 days, healing wounds of chrysanthemum cutting plants, growing new roots, supplementing low-concentration water-soluble fertilizers through the roots and leaf surfaces of the plants after the new roots grow out, and promoting plant growth to finish the breeding of Huang Jumiao.

Step four, cultivation verification:

and 3, planting the seedlings produced in the step three for producing planting areas (5 months-11 months). And (5) cultivation verification is carried out. Can ensure the purity of the chamomile variety and gradually reduce the breeding success rate of tissue culture detoxification. Before the chrysanthemum is harvested in the planting season, seed selection and seed reserving operations are performed. The seed selection and seed reserving are required to realize the purification and rejuvenation of the seedlings according to the preferred standard in the preferred mode, and the specific verification process is as follows.

(4.1) purification and rejuvenation: and D, planting the seedlings produced in the third step for cultivation verification in a production planting area, and performing seed selection and seed reserving operation before chrysanthemum harvesting is completed in the planting season, wherein the seed selection and seed reserving requirements are according to the preferred standard, so that the purification and rejuvenation of the seedlings are realized.

In the breeding stage of the chamomile seedlings, the tissue culture detoxification and purification rejuvenation technology is applied to cultivate high-quality chamomile detoxification seedlings for chamomile planting production. Effectively blocks the transmission path of the virus diseases between the mother and the son, and can improve the shape perfection rate of flowers to more than 96 percent.

Embodiment two: a planting method of a one-flower one-bulb spiraea coreana comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a field and a cultivation facility:

(1.1) site selection: the planting greenhouse adopts a plastic multi-span greenhouse with a shoulder height of 3.5 meters, 60 meshes insect-proof net is arranged around the greenhouse, no drip film is adopted at the top, ventilation windows (electric film winding devices) which are vertically distributed are arranged at the top, grass-proof cloth is adopted on the ground, a sticky yellow board is hung in the greenhouse, solar insect-killing lamps are arranged outside the greenhouse, and a buffer area is arranged at the entrance and the exit of the greenhouse to construct double insect-proof net isolation.

(1.2) cultivation vessel and substrate selection: the container is a black-and-white film planting container with the diameter of X high=30 cm X20 cm, the cultivation substrate is a crop straw which is crushed, decomposed and fermented, and a proper amount of coconut coir, peat, peanut cake fertilizer and the like are added.

Because the culture medium does not contain various heavy metals, the heavy metal limiting index in the chamomile can be reduced by one order of magnitude by adopting the container combined with the culture medium for culture, and the requirements of the national standard are far better. The cultivation matrix is updated regularly, so that the occurrence rate of soil-borne diseases is effectively solved, and the death rate of plants is greatly reduced.

(1.3) irrigation device selection: two independent drippers are distributed in each cultivation container by adopting a drip irrigation belt or a drip irrigation pipe, and the water yield is more than or equal to 2L/h; the sprinkling irrigation facility adopts a high-pressure resistant mist-spraying pipe with the diameter of 9.52mm and a stainless steel mist-spraying high-pressure spray head.

The chrysanthemum cultivation facilities selected by the invention have three types: firstly, an insect-proof net greenhouse is used for reducing and controlling the pest base number; and secondly, the intelligent high-pressure mist spraying plant protection equipment is used for improving the plant protection operation efficiency, reducing the error rate of the plant protection operation and the grid leakage rate, and effectively preventing insect pests. Thirdly, a container is selected and combined with a matrix cultivation process, so that the problems of continuous cropping obstacle, facility utilization rate improvement, heavy metal content reduction and the like of chrysanthemum planting are solved.

Step two, killing insects and weeding before field planting:

(2.1) grass-attracting growth: before the chrysanthemum seedlings are planted each year, in the period from March to March each year, rainwater and dew are led into the chrysanthemum planting shed by opening a ventilation window at the top of the shed, and a mist spraying device is started, so that the water content of the ground in the shed is increased, and grass seeds in the shed are promoted to sprout before the chrysanthemum is planted.

Before the chrysanthemum seedling is planted each year, the garden cleaning and weeding operation is implemented. Can effectively remove weeds, ova and germs in the greenhouse, and lighten the plant protection pressure and the workload after the chrysanthemum is planted. After the garden cleaning operation is finished, placing the cultivation containers filled with the matrixes according to the plant-row spacing requirement, and installing drip irrigation belts.

Step three, field planting and seedling reviving:

(3.1) field planting: and (3) planting the production seedlings (stock seeds) bred in the chrysanthemum seedling raising stage in the first embodiment in a cultivation container in a planting greenhouse, watering enough rooting water, keeping the water content of a matrix in the cultivation container to be about 65%, and controlling the planting of 2000 plants per mu of land.

Wherein, the selection of planting row spacing and plant spacing: the ridge width is 60cm, each ridge is provided with two rows, the two rows are arranged in a delta shape, the plant spacing is 40cm, and the ridge spacing is 90cm; ensuring about 2000 chrysanthemum plants cultivated per mu.

(3.2) seedling reviving: and after the matrix seedlings are planted in a fixed mode, the seedlings are grown for 1-2 days, after the seedlings are grown, a proper amount of mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizer, fish protein fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer and the like can be applied through water and fertilizer integrated equipment, and the growth of plant root systems is promoted.

Step four, planting gardening:

(4.1) topping and pruning operation: growing new leaves after the chrysanthemum is grown, when more than three new leaves appear in a plant growing point, topping operation can be carried out to promote axillary bud germination, when the number of new branches germinated by the axillary buds reaches more than 8, topping operation can be stopped, and the formation of first-stage branches of the plant is waited; when the primary branches grow to 15CM, the branch fixing operation can be implemented, weak branches are removed, and strong branches are reserved, so that 8 strong branches are reserved for each chrysanthemum.

(4.2) bud picking and branch thinning operation: when the first-stage branches reach 30 cm long, axillary buds on the branches germinate and grow to form axillary buds, then secondary branches grow, and the axillary buds and the secondary branches on the main branches are comprehensively removed, so that 8 first-stage branches of the chrysanthemum are always maintained in the whole cultivation season.

Fifth, irrigation and fertilization:

(5.1) fertigation: the EC value of the irrigation water source is required to be less than 0.3, and the PH value is about 7; shi Feifen is two ways of base fertilizer application and water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation fertilizer application, and the base fertilizer application time is to mix proper amount of decomposed peanut cake fertilizer in proportion when filling the culture medium; the fertigation can be performed by adopting a thin fertilizer on duty mode, the fertigation can be performed by adopting water-soluble fertilizers, and the optional input products comprise mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizers, fish protein fertilizers, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element fertilizers and the like. The frequency and the concentration of single fertilization are always around the central goal of preventing the excessive growth of the chrysanthemum branches.

In order to ensure the comprehensive and balanced nutrients of chrysanthemum plants and prevent chrysanthemum branches from lodging, trace element fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, iron, zinc and the like need to be applied regularly.

Step six, pest control:

The invention divides pest control in the planting stage of the chamomile into normal prevention and key time key prevention.

Wherein normalizing the preventive operation comprises: firstly, the insect-proof net around the greenhouse and the buffer room are maintained, the physical isolation function of the greenhouse is maintained, and invasion of pests outside the greenhouse to the greenhouse is effectively blocked. Secondly, the installation density of the pest sticking plate in the greenhouse is maintained and maintained, and the pest base number in the greenhouse is effectively controlled. Thirdly, a certain number of insecticidal lamps which can be normally on duty are kept outside the greenhouse, so that the pest base numbers around the planting area are effectively controlled. The interval period of the chrysanthemum plant protection spraying operation can be effectively prolonged by adopting the normalized prevention and control measures, and the interval period can be prolonged from once a week to once two weeks or three weeks.

The key preventive operations of the key occasions include: firstly, the season that the pests are easy to grow is mastered, the aphid is generally in the spring and autumn, and the meat worm is generally in the period of 5-6 months and 9-10 months. The early discovery and early prevention are needed. Secondly, the manpower input for finding pests is increased, grid management is carried out on chrysanthemum planting areas, and responsibility for finding pest situation is implemented to special people. The patrol special personnel needs to configure a magnifying glass to identify the insect condition of plant leaves in each grid of the whole garden. Once a certain greenhouse is found to be insect pest, the greenhouse is timely listed as a plant protection spraying operation object. Thirdly, adopting a front heavy and rear light plant protection strategy, wherein dead angles are not left in plant protection operation at the initial stage of insect pest occurrence, plants cannot be sprayed only, and full coverage is realized; the insect pest is prevented from leaking out of the net once every day for three consecutive days without giving a breathing opportunity; the eggs are killed and cut off. Fourthly, the intelligent high-pressure mist plant protection equipment is used for replacing manual operation, and the equipment has the following advantages: unmanned operation can be realized; the spraying time can be controlled, the high-temperature period is avoided, the night operation is selected, and the plant protection effect is improved; can realize spraying without dead angle, the liquid medicine mist can be partially attached to the leaf backs, and continuous operation can be realized.

In the aspect of plant protection input product selection, the invention requires that low-toxicity high-efficiency chemical pesticides meeting the requirements of green food can be selected before the diameter of the flower buds of the chrysanthemum is less than 1cm (before the last ten days of october); in the flowering season when the flower buds of the chrysanthemum are larger than 1cm, only biopesticide without pesticide residue can be selected. The main biological control medicines for meat worm can be selected from tobacco leaf water, bacillus thuringiensis, nuclear polyhedrosis virus, and aphid can be selected from tobacco leaf water, matrine, pyrethrin, etc.

Rain-sheltering cultivation: the flowering season of the chrysanthemum is basically overlapped with autumn rain season of a main production area of the chrysanthemum, active ingredients in the chrysanthemum are mostly easy to dissolve in water, and a large amount of nutrients of the chrysanthemum can be lost along with rainwater due to rain washing, so that the chrysanthemum is not foam-resistant. The invention adopts the multi-span greenhouse facility cultivation technology, which not only facilitates the implementation and the utilization of the insect-proof net to obstruct the invasion of insect pests, but also has another important function of realizing the rain shelter in the flowering phase. If the technology of the Internet of things is adopted, a rainwater sensor is configured to automatically monitor the raining moment and implement linkage control with an electric ventilating window at the top of the greenhouse, so that the flushing of the chamomile by rainwater can be effectively prevented, and the ventilation and the cooling of the greenhouse can be conveniently controlled; the flower period rain-sheltering cultivation process is implemented, and nutrient loss caused by the fact that flowers are washed by rainwater is effectively avoided.

Step seven, chrysanthemum picking:

(7.1) picking time selection: when the flower core turns from green to yellow, the flower petals at the edge of the flower of the yellow chrysanthemum are changed from yellow to white, and the best harvest season of the yellow chrysanthemum is realized (about 15 days). The chrysanthemum harvesting operation should be completed in the optimal harvesting season.

The nutrient accumulation of the flowers of the chamomile flowers in the optimal harvesting season is in the most sufficient state, and the yellow chrysanthemum petals after harvesting and drying are uniform in color and luster and are not easy to fall off. The general law in Nanchang regions is 11 months 2 days to 11 months 15 days per year, which varies from year to year due to the change of air temperature.

If the petals in the central area of the flower of the chamomile are green, the green flower centers turn brown after the chamomile is dried, and the commodity property of the chamomile is affected; if petals at the edges of the flower are too old, the petals are easy to fall off, and the integrity and commodity of the flower of the chamomile are also affected.

(7.2) precise picking operation: the flower harvesting is to prevent the integrity of the flowers from being artificially damaged due to improper force, and the standard method for harvesting the flowers (cooperation of three fingers of thumb, index finger and middle finger, after the flowers are stabilized, the wrists are bent, the flower handles can be easily broken, and the flower structure is not damaged) is strictly executed; if the flowers are pulled by force, the tissue structure of the flowers can be damaged, so that petals are easy to fall off during later drying, packaging or brewing.

The invention requires that two key links be controlled. Firstly, the best harvesting time of the chrysanthemum is controlled, the chrysanthemum harvesting operation is strictly controlled to be completed in the best harvesting season, and petals are prevented from easily falling off due to aging, so that the flower loses commodity. And secondly, a refined picking method is strictly implemented, so that the flowers are prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the structure is damaged by external force.

Embodiment III: a preparation method of a one-flower one-bubble spiraea chrysanthemum tea comprises the following steps:

step one, preparation of a chamomile spread cooling field

Step two, warehouse-in and spread-cooling of the chrysanthemum:

(2.1) chrysanthemum warehousing: the harvesting personnel transfer the harvested Huang Juyun to a material storage area of the chamomile tea processing area. After finishing material cutting, processing operators carry the collected fresh flowers of the chamomile to a chamomile spreading and cooling area, and high temperature caused by piling of the fresh flowers is prevented. The fresh flower spreading and cooling area has the function of preventing the sun from blowing out in the wind, keeps the place clean, prevents the fresh flowers from being polluted by dust, and increases the impurity content of the materials.

Step three, heat pump energy-saving low-temperature airflow drying process

(3.1) feeding the materials into a drying room: according to the matching requirement of stoving room and material support, push the stoving room to the material support of stipulation quantity for the material is through the reasonable support of tray and support, evenly distributed in the stoving room, ensures the inside high-speed air current evenly distributed in stoving room, and the stoving speed of material keeps unanimous.

(3.4) baking the material and temporarily storing the food bag: the chamomile meeting the drying requirement is temporarily stored by adopting a small food grade plastic bag as soon as possible, so that moisture regain and pollution are avoided. And (5) finishing the packing operation according to the flowers after the next working procedure.

Step four, packaging chrysanthemum tea according to the flower shape:

(4.2) artificially filling chrysanthemum and deoxidizing agent: after the semiautomatic packing machine is started, the equipment can automatically process the PVC hard sheet into bubble caps with specified size by the thermoforming unit, when an operator sequentially fills the chrysanthemum and the deoxidizer into each bubble cap according to the principle that one chrysanthemum and one deoxidizer are placed in each PVC bubble cap, an automatic sealing device of the packing machine automatically completes the sealing of the bubble cap, and the sealing packing of the aluminum foil cover and the bubble cap is realized by the high-pressure thermoforming process. And then the cutting process automatically completes the cutting operation of a plurality of bubble caps.

(4.3) checking tightness of chamomile tea blister package: after the packaging of the single chamomile tea leaves is completed, oxygen in the bubble cap can be adsorbed by waiting for the deoxidizer for a short time, so that the air pressure in the bubble cap is reduced. If the bubble cap package is tight and airtight, the air pressure outside the bubble cap can guide the bubble cap to be inwards sunken, and if an air leakage point exists between the bubble cap and the aluminum foil, the bubble cap can still keep the original outwards protruded state. Blister packages that do not form an inward depression may be listed as inferior or promotional, while blisters that meet the full seal requirements may fall into the category of superior.

Step five, chrysanthemum tea commodity packaging:

(5.1) commodity packaging operation: according to the operation requirement, the outer packing box material and the inner packing bubble cap with corresponding specification are prepared in advance. Packaging the well-formed pre-packaged chamomile into a packaging box according to the printing requirement of the packaging box. Finishing the commodity packaging and transportation packaging operation.

(5.2) packaging identification operation: according to the requirements, the production information is correctly recorded in an agricultural product tracing system, an agricultural product safety network management system and the like, commodity tracing codes and food safety promise codes are generated through the system, and organic products or green food marks are pasted.

(5.3) warehouse-in operation of commodity products: and filling in the warehouse entry form in time for officinal warehouse entry of the produced finished products, and incorporating the finished products into the management of the commodities to be sold. The chamomile tea is recommended to be stored in a refrigeration house with the temperature of minus 18 ℃. The shelf life is two years.

The chrysanthemum bred by the scheme and the chrysanthemum product produced by the scheme are compared with the traditional planted chrysanthemum and the product in various indexes, and the specific details are shown in the following attached table:

as can be seen from the following attached tables, the chrysanthemum cultivated by the scheme and the chrysanthemum tea prepared by the scheme have the following advantages compared with the traditional process:

The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.

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Claims

1. A breeding method of a one-flower one-bulb spiraea, comprising the following steps:

Step one, selecting and reserving seeds:

(1.1) seed selection: when the flower buds of the yellow chrysanthemum are opened to the diameter of 3-4 cm, observing the shape of flowers of the whole plant, selecting plants which are not deformed and mutated, strong and not subjected to plant diseases and insect pests as mother plants for seed reserving, and making seed reserving marks on a cultivation container;

(1.2) seed reserving: after harvesting of fresh flowers, removing old branches and leaves growing in the current year aiming at the seed-reserving mother plants, reserving main roots and foot buds of the chrysanthemum, placing the chrysanthemum, the main roots and the foot buds together with a cultivation container and a matrix in a land for intensively storing the seed-reserving mother plants, and keeping the chrysanthemum mother plants without water shortage;

step two, stock breeding:

(2.4) rooting culture: transferring the stem sections subjected to the secondary culture into a rooting culture medium (MS+6-BA0.1mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L) to induce rooting, and culturing for 3-4 weeks at the temperature of 25-26 ℃;

step three, stock seed propagation:

(3.1) hardening off: when more than 5 roots with the length of 3 cm-4 cm are grown on the stem sections of the tissue culture seedlings in the culture flask, hardening off the seedlings, transferring the culture flask from the tissue culture chamber to a movable seedling bed of a seedling raising greenhouse in the first two days of hardening off, and then opening the bottle cover of the culture flask to enable the tissue culture seedlings in the culture flask to contact with the air of the seedling raising greenhouse;

(3.2) fixed root of the plug: taking out the tissue culture seedlings in the culture bottle, washing off the culture medium by clear water, transferring the culture medium into a seedling culture tray fully paved with seedling culture matrixes, covering the roots and stems of the seedlings with matrixes with the thickness of 1cm, ensuring that the leaves and growth points of the seedlings can obtain illumination, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of the matrixes at about 60%, keeping the air temperature between 20 and 25 ℃, growing new leaves of the tissue culture seedlings within one week, keeping the thin fertilizer to be applied, and forming strong seedlings after 20 days;

(3.3) propagating and transplanting the seedlings: transplanting the stock seeds cultivated on the seedling culture tray to a cultivation container with the diameter of 20cm and the height of 20cm and filled with cultivation matrixes, pouring root fixing water, configuring a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation facility, keeping the thin fertilizer application and controlling the temperature in a greenhouse to be 20-28 ℃; timely topping when three new leaves grow out of the new buds of the plants, and promoting the formation of lateral buds and branches of the plants;

(3.4) cutting propagation: when more than ten shoots are formed in the stock seeds transplanted into the container, cutting propagation of seedlings can be carried out when the length of each shoot reaches 15-20 cm; taking the shoots of the original seeds, reserving more than 10 cm of stems and a few tender leaf cores, dipping with a bactericide and a rooting agent, inserting into a seedling raising and cutting plug tray, pouring root fixing water, keeping the water content of a matrix at about 65%, keeping the air temperature of a seedling raising and cutting greenhouse at about 25 ℃, keeping the air humidity at about 65%, keeping for 20 days, healing wounds of chrysanthemum cutting plants, growing new roots, and supplementing low-concentration water-soluble fertilizers through the roots and leaf surfaces of the plants after the new roots grow out so as to promote plant growth, thereby completing the breeding of Huang Jumiao;

Step four, cultivation verification:

2. A method of breeding a spiraea one-shot according to claim 1, characterized by: the seedling raising facilities adopted by the seedling raising greenhouse are divided into two types, wherein one type is a seedling raising multi-span greenhouse for cutting propagation, and the seedling raising greenhouse is required to be provided with a movable seedling bed, a fan, a wet curtain, external sunshade and mist-spreading equipment; another type of multi-span greenhouse for stock transplanting requires configuration of cultivation containers, drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated equipment.

3. A planting method of a one-flower one-bulb spiraea coreana comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a field and a cultivation facility:

(1.2) cultivation vessel and substrate selection: the container is a black-and-white film planting container with the diameter X of 30-cmX cm, the cultivation substrate is a crop straw which is crushed, decomposed and fermented, and a proper amount of coconut coir, peat, peanut cake fertilizer and the like are added into the crop straw;

(1.3) irrigation device selection: two independent drippers are distributed in each cultivation container by adopting a drip irrigation belt or a drip irrigation pipe, and the water yield is more than or equal to 2L/h; the sprinkling irrigation facility adopts a high-pressure resistant mist-spraying pipe with the diameter of 9.52mm and a stainless steel mist-spraying high-pressure spray head;

step two, killing insects and weeding before field planting:

(2.2) insecticidal weeding: when the sunlight irradiates sufficiently at the beginning of the fifth month at the end of the year, the top film and the side film of the greenhouse are all closed, so that high temperature of more than 50 ℃ is formed in the greenhouse, and the greenhouse lasts for about one week, so that most weeds, ova and germs in the greenhouse are killed;

step three, field planting and seedling reviving:

(3.1) field planting: planting the production seedlings (stock seeds) bred in the chrysanthemum seedling raising stage in the planting greenhouse in a planting container, watering enough rooting water, keeping the water content of a matrix in the planting container to be about 65%, and controlling the planting of 2000 plants per mu of land;

(3.2) seedling reviving: 1-2 days after field planting of matrix seedlings, the growth of plant root systems is promoted after seedling growth, and a proper amount of mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizer, fish protein fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer and the like can be applied through water and fertilizer integrated equipment to promote the growth of plant root systems;

step four, planting gardening:

(4.3) bud thinning operation: after September enters a short sunshine season, chrysanthemum plants are gradually transformed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, flower buds are gradually formed, when flower stems supporting the flower buds grow to a certain length, bud thinning operation can be performed under operation conditions; when the buds are thinned, the secondary branches at the axillary buds of the primary branches and the buds derived from the secondary branches are all removed, and only 1 or 2 buds positioned at the top end of the primary branches are reserved;

Fifth, irrigation and fertilization:

(5.1) fertigation: the EC value of the irrigation water source is required to be less than 0.3, and the PH value is about 7; shi Feifen is two ways of base fertilizer application and water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation fertilizer application, and the base fertilizer application time is to mix proper amount of decomposed peanut cake fertilizer in proportion when filling the culture medium; the fertigation can be performed by adopting a thin fertilizer on duty mode, and the fertigation frequency and the single fertigation concentration are always around the central goal of preventing the excessive growth of the chrysanthemum branches; in order to ensure the comprehensive and balanced nutrients of the chrysanthemum plants and prevent the chrysanthemum branches from lodging, trace element fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, iron, zinc and the like need to be applied regularly;

step six, pest control:

(6.1) normalization prevention operation: firstly, the insect-proof net around the greenhouse and the access buffer room are maintained, so that the physical isolation function of the greenhouse is maintained, and invasion of pests outside the greenhouse to the greenhouse is effectively blocked; secondly, the installation density of the pest sticking plate in the greenhouse is maintained and maintained, and the pest base number in the greenhouse is effectively controlled; thirdly, a certain number of insecticidal lamps which can be normally on duty are kept outside the greenhouse, so that the pest base numbers around the planting area are effectively controlled;

(6.2) key timing important preventive operation: firstly, the season that pests are easy to grow is mastered, the aphid is generally in the spring and autumn, the meat worm is generally in the period of 5-6 months and 9-10 months, and the early discovery and early prevention are realized; secondly, the manpower input for finding pests is increased, grid management is carried out on chrysanthemum planting areas, and responsibility for finding pest situation is implemented to special persons; the patrol special personnel needs to configure a magnifying glass to identify the insect condition of plant leaves in each grid of the whole garden; once a certain greenhouse is found to be insect-damaged, the greenhouse is timely listed as a plant protection spraying operation object; thirdly, adopting a front heavy and rear light plant protection strategy, wherein dead angles are not required to be kept in plant protection operation at the initial stage of insect pest occurrence, plants cannot be sprayed only, and full coverage is required to be realized without dead angles; no opportunity is given to wheeze, and the net leakage is avoided once every day for three consecutive days; fourthly, intelligent high-pressure mist-spraying plant protection equipment is used for controlling spraying time, and selecting night operation in a high-temperature period is avoided; can realize spraying without dead angle, the liquid medicine mist can be partially attached to the leaf backs, and continuous operation can be realized;

Step seven, chrysanthemum picking:

(7.1) picking time selection: when the flower centers turn from green to yellow, the flower petals at the edge of the yellow chrysanthemum flower are changed from yellow to white, and the time period is the optimal harvesting season (about 15 days) of the yellow chrysanthemum, and the harvesting operation of the yellow chrysanthemum is completed in the optimal harvesting season;

(7.2) precise picking operation: the flower harvesting is to prevent the integrity of the flowers from being artificially damaged due to improper force, and the standard method for harvesting the chamomile is to be strictly executed (cooperation of the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger, the bending of the wrist after the flowers are stabilized, and the flower handles can be easily broken without damaging the structures of the flowers).

4. A method of planting a pair of spiraea japonica according to claim 3, wherein: the planting row spacing, plant spacing selection of claim 3: the ridge width is 60cm, each ridge is provided with two rows, the two rows are arranged in a delta shape, the plant spacing is 40cm, and the ridge spacing is 90cm; ensuring about 2000 chrysanthemum plants cultivated per mu.

5. A method of planting a pair of spiraea japonica according to claim 3, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer for drip irrigation and fertilization in claim 3, wherein the optional input products comprise mineral source potassium fulvate, amino acid fertilizer, fish protein fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate, trace element fertilizer and the like.

6. A preparation method of a one-flower one-soaking-spiraea-chamomile chrysanthemum tea comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a chamomile spreading cooling field:

(1.1) preparation of a cooling support: a Huang Jutan cooling bracket is built by adopting a stainless steel square tube, the height of the bracket is 75 cm, the width of the bracket is 6 cm, and the length of the bracket is suitable for not influencing the movement of the material drying bracket;

(1.2) preparation of stacking trays: preparing a sufficient number of trays in a chamomile spreading and cooling area;

(1.3) preparation of a material drying bracket: in order to facilitate the feeding of the coded materials into a drying room, a proper number of material drying brackets with a moving function are required to be configured;

step two, warehouse-in and spread-cooling of the chrysanthemum:

(2.1) the harvesting personnel conveys the harvested fresh flowers of the chamomile to a chamomile spreading and cooling area from Huang Juyun picked in claim 3 to a material storage area of a chamomile tea processing area, so as to prevent the fresh flowers from generating high temperature due to piling; the fresh flower spreading and cooling area has the function of preventing the sun from blowing out in the wind, keeps the place clean, prevents the fresh flowers from being polluted by dust, and increases the impurity content of materials; the temporary storage time of the fresh flowers in the material spreading and cooling area should not exceed 72 hours so as to avoid the browning of petal colors;

(2.3) racking operation: after the material stacking trays are finished, the material trays can be sequentially placed on the material support so as to be intensively sent into a drying room;

step three, a heat pump energy-saving low-temperature airflow drying process:

(3.1) feeding the materials into a drying room: according to the matching requirement of the drying room and the material supports, a specified number of material supports are pushed into the drying room, so that the materials are reasonably supported by the tray and the supports and uniformly distributed in the drying room, the uniform distribution of high-speed air flow in the drying room is ensured, and the drying rate of the materials is kept consistent;

(3.2) drying process setting: the intelligent drying equipment is provided with an air temperature and humidity sensor, acquires temperature and humidity data of the drying room in real time, and works cooperatively with intelligent PLC control equipment of the drying room; the drying operator can set a drying program through a human-computer interaction interface, and adopts low-temperature air flow of 30-40 ℃ in the early stage to dry the moisture on the surface layer of the yellow chrysanthemum petals; the middle section adopts 45-degree drying air flow to dry the water in the middle part of the flower, and finally, the water in the middle part of the flower is pulled out by using 50-degree medium-temperature ultra-drying air flow;

(3.3) material water content detection: before the chrysanthemum is nearly dried, a drying operator is required to measure the moisture; the drying process can be finished only when the moisture content of the flowers is required to be lower than 10%, so that a small amount of moisture regain exists after the materials are dried, and the moisture content is not exceeded;

(3.4) baking the material and temporarily storing the food bag: the chamomile meeting the drying requirement is temporarily stored by adopting a small food-grade plastic bag as soon as possible, so that moisture regain and pollution are avoided, and the packaging operation is finished according to the flower after the next working procedure; the emptied material tray and the material bracket can be circularly used for the code disc operation of the next drying period;

step four, packaging chrysanthemum tea according to the flower shape:

(4.1) preparation of a packing operation: the chamomile tea is subjected to a flower packaging operation by adopting a semiautomatic blister packaging machine, a matched blister mould is selected according to the dimension specification of the chamomile tea to be packaged before starting, and corresponding inner packaging materials are prepared, wherein the inner packaging materials comprise food-grade PVC hard sheets, aluminum foil blister covers and deoxidizers;

(4.2) artificially filling chrysanthemum and deoxidizing agent: after the semiautomatic packing machine is started, the equipment automatically processes PVC hard sheets into bubble caps with specified sizes by a thermoforming unit, when an operator sequentially fills the chrysanthemum and the deoxidizer in each bubble cap according to the principle that one chrysanthemum and one deoxidizer are placed in each PVC bubble cap, an automatic sealing device of the packing machine automatically completes the sealing of the bubble cap, and the sealing packing of an aluminum foil cover and the bubble cap is realized by a high-pressure thermoforming process; then the cutting process automatically completes the cutting operation of a plurality of bubble caps;

(4.3) checking tightness of chamomile tea blister package: after the packaging of the single chamomile tea leaves is completed, oxygen in the bubble cap can be adsorbed off after a short waiting for deoxidizing agent, so that the air pressure in the bubble cap is reduced; if the bubble cap package is tightly sealed and airtight, the air pressure outside the bubble cap can guide the bubble cap to be inwards sunken, and if an air leakage point exists between the bubble cap and the aluminum foil, the bubble cap can still keep the original outwards protruded state; blister packages that do not form an inward depression may be listed as inferior or promotional, while blisters that meet the full seal requirements may fall into the category of superior; the flowers which are packaged in the bubble caps but are packaged can be concentrated and boxed according to 10 flowers/package, and then the flowers are uniformly stored in a refrigeration house according to the specification requirement of 1000 flowers/box by using a corrugated box;

step five, chrysanthemum tea commodity packaging:

(5.1) commodity packaging operation: preparing an outer packing box material and an inner packing bubble cap with corresponding specification in advance according to operation requirements; packaging the well-qualified pre-packaged chamomile into a packaging box according to the printing requirement of the packaging box; finishing commodity packaging and transportation packaging operation;

(5.2) packaging identification operation: according to the requirements, the production information is correctly recorded in an agricultural product tracing system, an agricultural product safety network management system and the like in time, and commodity tracing codes and food safety promise codes are generated through the system, and organic products or green food marks are posted;

(5.3) warehouse-in operation of commodity products: and filling in the warehouse entry form in time for officinal warehouse entry of the produced finished products, and incorporating the finished products into the management of the commodities to be sold.