CN116530375A - Planting method of selenium-enriched vegetables - Google Patents
Planting method of selenium-enriched vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN116530375A CN116530375A CN202310528818.XA CN202310528818A CN116530375A CN 116530375 A CN116530375 A CN 116530375A CN 202310528818 A CN202310528818 A CN 202310528818A CN 116530375 A CN116530375 A CN 116530375A
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 257
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 256
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 256
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
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- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a planting method of selenium-enriched vegetables. The invention discloses a planting method of selenium-enriched vegetables, which is characterized in that a water-fertilizer starter, brown sugar and selenium-enriched rapeseed meal are fermented into water-soluble fertilizers, and before vegetable planting, the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is applied to soil as a base fertilizer and the water-soluble fertilizers of the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal are sprayed in the vegetable growing process to realize the planting of the selenium-enriched vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, in particular to a planting method of selenium-enriched vegetables.
Background
Selenium is a trace element necessary for human body, has biological functions of improving human immunity, delaying aging, preventing cancers and the like, can reduce bacterial and viral infection, avoids the occurrence of various diseases caused by fibrotic diseases of heart and cerebral vessel walls, and enjoys the reputation of resisting cancer, guarding heart, naturally antidote and the like. Selenium is classified into inorganic selenium and organic selenium, and inorganic selenium has high toxicity, is not easy to be absorbed, and is not suitable for people and animals to eat. The organic selenium has the characteristics of low toxicity and high bioavailability, and is the best selenium source for human consumption. The roots and leaves of the plants have certain capability of absorbing selenium, and the main source of selenium absorption of the plants is selenium in soil and is a main source of selenium nutrition obtained by human bodies.
Vegetables are one of the indispensable foods in people's daily diet, and provide the human body with necessary nutrients such as various vitamins and minerals. The nutrient substances of vegetables mainly comprise minerals, vitamins, fibers and the like. In the vegetable planting process, if the content of selenium in the vegetables can be improved, the nutritional value and the commodity value of the vegetables can be greatly improved, the method is beneficial to the physical health of people, and the economic benefit of vegetable planting can be improved, so that the selenium-rich vegetables are planted with important practical significance.
The selenium-rich vegetables have two production modes: firstly, natural selenium-rich soil is utilized for production, and secondly, selenium fertilizer is manually applied in the process of planting vegetables in non-selenium-rich soil.
Selenium has an abundance of 0.05mg/kg in the crust, belongs to rare dispersive elements, and is unevenly distributed. The selenium-rich soil generally refers to soil with selenium content of more than 0.4mg/kg, and 72% of domestic soil in China is selenium-poor or selenium-deficient soil. Therefore, most areas in China have low selenium content in soil due to lack of selenium-rich soil resources, and vegetables planted under natural conditions have low selenium content and cannot meet the standards of selenium-rich vegetables.
The artificial selenium fertilizer is mainly applied by soil application or leaf surface spraying and the like in the vegetable planting process of non-selenium-rich soil, and the selenium fertilizer is of two types, namely inorganic selenium fertilizer and organic selenium fertilizer, and the artificial application of the inorganic selenium fertilizer has the following defects: firstly, the proper dosage of the inorganic selenium fertilizer is difficult to control, the dosage of the inorganic selenium fertilizer is too low to reach the standard of the selenium-rich vegetables, and the excessive dosage can cause the excessive content of selenium in the vegetables, so that the selenium poisoning is caused. Second, the excessive application of inorganic selenium fertilizer to soil can cause environmental pollution of soil, water body and the like. Thirdly, the reasonable application time of the selenium fertilizer is difficult to control, and too late application time of the inorganic selenium fertilizer to soil or foliage can cause too high inorganic selenium content in vegetables, so that the inorganic selenium fertilizer is toxic to human bodies. Fourth, the inorganic selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the vegetables, so that the surfaces of the vegetable leaves are easy to be stained with inorganic selenium, and if the vegetables are not cleaned, the vegetables can be poisoned by eaters. In addition, the organic selenium fertilizer is manually applied in the vegetable planting process due to higher selling price, so that the planting cost is higher, the market selling price is expensive, and the organic selenium fertilizer is unacceptable to common consumers.
Rape is a selenium accumulating plant, and the selenium-rich soil is used for planting rape, so that inorganic selenium in the soil can be converted into organic selenium, the content of the organic selenium in the harvested rapeseeds is high, and the production cost is the same as that of common rapeseeds. Rape is planted in non-selenium-enriched soil, inorganic selenium is easily converted into organic selenium by applying the soil or spraying inorganic selenium fertilizer such as Shi Yaxi sodium oleate on leaf surfaces in the rape growing process, and rapeseeds with higher organic selenium content are obtained.
Rape is the oil crop with the largest planting area and the most widely distributed in China, and the area reaches about 1 hundred million mu. The rapeseed meal is a byproduct after the rapeseed is squeezed, the annual output of the rapeseed meal in China is more than 800 ten thousand tons, the market supply is large, the purchase is convenient, and the market price is low.
The selenium-rich rapeseeds are rich in selenium element, and the byproduct rapeseed meal after oil pressing processing has high organic selenium content, so that the selenium-rich rapeseeds are high-quality production raw materials of organic selenium fertilizer, and have high safety and high quality and low cost. The selenium-enriched rapeseed meal contains a large amount of nutrient substances, 75% -80% of organic matters, 2% -7% of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) 2 O 5 ) 1% -3%, potassium (K) 2 O) 1% -2%, selenium (Se) 0.12mg/kg above, it is good organic fertilizer of plant, can offer many medium trace elements and small molecule organic nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, etc. for crop growth, reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizer in the course of crop planting. The selenium-rich rapeseed meal organic fertilizer has complete nutrients and durable fertilizer efficiency, and is suitable for various soils and various crops. In addition, the organic matters contained in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal have obvious functions of fertility improvement, the selenium element content in the soil can be effectively increased after long-term application, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the soil structure is loosened, the soil aggregate structure and the soil porosity are increased, the soil air permeability is increased, and the water storage and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved.
Most vegetables grow for more than 3 months, the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is used as a base fertilizer to be thoroughly decomposed in soil 30 days before vegetable sowing or field planting, after vegetable sowing and seedling emergence or field planting, the release process of selenium element is slow, the fertilizer efficiency duration is long, and the characteristics of quick growth and more nutrient requirements after the vegetables enter the full-period of nutrition growth are combined, so that the fully fermented water-soluble fertilizer of the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is timely supplemented as additional fertilizer, the absorption and accumulation of selenium in the whole growth period of the vegetables are facilitated, the proper level is maintained, the phenomenon of excessively low or excessively high selenium content in the vegetables is not easy to occur, and the planted vegetables of most types meet the related standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016 and DB 36/T566-2017) of the selenium-rich vegetables, so that the edible safety is higher.
In view of this, how to provide an economical and safe planting method for selenium-enriched vegetables is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention realizes the planting of the selenium-enriched vegetables by applying the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal in soil before the planting of the vegetables as a base fertilizer and spraying the water-soluble fertilizer of the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal in the growing process of the vegetables.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the planting method of the selenium-enriched vegetables comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed dregs are used, the selenium and organic selenium contents are detected, and the selenium and organic selenium contents in the rapeseed dregs are required to be respectively more than 0.12 mg/kg.
2. Preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1-2 kg of water and fertilizer starter, 2-3 kg of brown sugar and 600-1000 kg of water are added, 250-300 kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the water and fertilizer starter, and the water and fertilizer starter is uniformly stirred and fermented for 10-15 days, and the fermentation is completed after the rich fragrance is obtained. The selenium and organic selenium content in the selenium-rich rapeseed dreg water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation is over 0.12mg/kg respectively.
3. Planting of selenium-enriched vegetables
3.1 land selection
Soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility is selected, and the selenium content of the soil is more than 0.15 mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
And good vegetable varieties with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield are selected.
3.2.2 soil preparation
And (5) after the previous crop is harvested, the soil is ploughed and prepared in time, and the land is prepared.
3.3 sowing or planting
Sowing or transplanting and planting at a proper period according to the planting habit of the local vegetables, and watering in time after sowing or planting.
3.4 cultivation management
3.4.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m based on the conventional base fertilizer application 2 250 kg to 350kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is added, and the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is combined with ploughing and soil preparation to be applied into soil 30 days before vegetable sowing or field planting, so that the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is in the soilIs naturally decomposed.
3.4.2 timely topdressing
Every 667m 2 600-1000 kg of water-soluble fertilizer for the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is applied in a proper period, and the application amount of the fertilizer is properly reduced on the basis of conventional topdressing.
Other cultivation management is carried out according to the conventional cultivation management mode of the local vegetables.
3.5 harvesting
The vegetables are timely harvested when the vegetables reach commodity maturity, and the harvested vegetables are high in selenium content, so that the selenium-rich vegetables meet the requirements of the selenium-rich vegetables.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied to soil before vegetable planting as a base fertilizer, and the water-soluble fertilizer of the selenium-rich rapeseed meal prepared by adding water into the water-fertilizer starter, the brown sugar and the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied as additional fertilizer in the vegetable growth process, so that the planting of the selenium-rich vegetables is realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
1. planting of selenium-enriched Chinese cabbage
1 preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed meal is used, the contents of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and organic selenium are detected, wherein the nitrogen content in the rapeseed meal is 64.10g/kg, the phosphorus content is 14.95g/kg, the potassium content is 11.40g/kg, the selenium content is 0.15mg/kg, the organic matter content is 80.3%, and the organic selenium content is 0.14mg/kg.
2 preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1.5kg of water and fertilizer starter is added with 2.5kg of brown sugar and 800kg of water, 280kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and fermented for 15 days. The organic matters in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation are 7.66%, nitrogen is 0.76%, phosphorus is 0.53%, potassium is 0.28%, selenium content is 0.22mg/kg, and organic selenium content is 0.20mg/kg.
3 planting of selenium-enriched Chinese cabbage
3.1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.19mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
Selecting good Chinese cabbage variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
3.2.2 soil preparation
The soil is ploughed and prepared in time after the previous crop is harvested, the soil is deeply ploughed for 25-30 cm, the land is leveled, the width of the furrow is about 90cm, and the width of the furrow is 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3.3 sowing
Sowing for 9 months and 8 days. 2 rows of seeds are planted in each furrow, 3 seeds are sown in each furrow, the row spacing is 50cm, and each 667m 2 2500 plants were planted, and immediately watered after sowing.
3.4 cultivation management
3.4.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure), 300kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied. The selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is applied to the soil by combining tillage and soil preparation 30 days before sowing, so that the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is naturally decomposed in the soil.
3.4.2 and time-lapse seedling
When the 2 nd true leaves appear, the 1 st thinning is started, the 2 nd thinning is performed when the 5 seedlings grow out of the true leaves, and only 1 plant is left in each hole.
3.4.3 seedling stage management
Shi Dimiao fertilizer after 8 days of final singling, each 667m 2 And 6kg of urea is applied in combination with watering.
3.4.4 rosette period management
Every 667m 2 300kg of water-soluble fertilizer for selenium-enriched rapeseed meal combined with watering and dressingAnd 6kg of urea.
3.4.5 management of the balling-up period
At the early stage of balling, every 667m 2 300kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 20kg of compound fertilizer are applied in combination with watering; medium stage of balling, every 667m 2 200kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 10kg of compound fertilizer are applied in combination with watering. Watering for 1 time every 8 days except after topdressing after entering the balling period, and keeping soil moist.
3.5 pest control
The main diseases of the Chinese cabbage include downy mildew, anthracnose, virus diseases and soft rot, and the main insect pests include cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella, cabbage aphid and asparagus caterpillar. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
3.6 Chinese cabbage harvesting
The Chinese cabbage is harvested when the leaf head is more than 90 percent ripe, the detected selenium content of the harvested Chinese cabbage is 0.041mg/kg, the organic selenium content is 0.027mg/kg, and the harvested Chinese cabbage meets the selenium-rich vegetable standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017).
2. Planting of common chinese cabbage (control):
1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.19mg/kg.
2 pre-cast preparation
2.1 variety selection
Selecting good Chinese cabbage variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
2.2 soil preparation
The soil is ploughed and prepared in time after the previous crop is harvested, the soil is deeply ploughed for 25-30 cm, the land is leveled, the width of the furrow is about 90cm, and the width of the furrow is 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3 sowing
Sowing for 9 months and 8 days. 2 rows are planted in each furrow, the row spacing is 50cm, and each 667m 2 And 2500 plants are planted. 3 seeds are sown in each holeAnd (5) watering the seeds in time after sowing.
4 cultivation management
4.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure) and 50kg of compound fertilizer are applied.
4.2 time-lapse seedling
When the 2 nd true leaves appear, the 1 st thinning is started, the 2 nd thinning is performed when the seedlings grow 4-6 leaves, and only 1 plant is left in each hole.
4.3 seedling stage management
Shi Dimiao fertilizer after 9 days of final singling, each 667m 2 10kg of urea is applied in combination with watering.
4.4 rosette management
Every 667m 2 10kg of urea is applied in combination with watering.
4.5 management of the balling-up period
At the early stage of balling, every 667m 2 Applying 30kg of compound fertilizer in combination with watering; medium stage of balling, every 667m 2 15kg of compound fertilizer is applied in combination with watering. Except that watering is needed after topdressing, watering is needed for 1 time every 8 days, and soil is kept moist.
5 pest control
The main diseases of the Chinese cabbage include downy mildew, anthracnose, virus diseases and soft rot, and the main insect pests include cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella, cabbage aphid and asparagus caterpillar. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
6 Chinese cabbage harvesting
The Chinese cabbage is harvested when the leaf bulb is more than 90 percent ripe, the detected selenium content of the harvested Chinese cabbage is 0.0055mg/kg, the organic selenium content is 0.0055mg/kg, and the selenium-rich vegetable standard (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017) is not met.
Embodiment two:
1. planting of selenium-enriched cabbage
1 preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed meal is used, the contents of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and organic selenium are detected, wherein the nitrogen content in the rapeseed meal is 64.10g/kg, the phosphorus content is 14.95g/kg, the potassium content is 11.40g/kg, the selenium content is 0.15mg/kg, the organic matter content is 80.3%, and the organic selenium content is 0.14mg/kg.
2 preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1.5kg of water and fertilizer starter is added with 2.5kg of brown sugar and 800kg of water, 280kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and fermented for 15 days. The organic matters in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation are 7.66%, nitrogen is 0.76%, phosphorus is 0.53%, potassium is 0.28%, selenium content is 0.22mg/kg, and organic selenium content is 0.20mg/kg.
Planting of 3 selenium-rich cabbage
3.1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.19mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
Selecting excellent cabbage variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
3.2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3.3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing for 9 months and 2 days, and planting when the seedling grows to 6 leaves after the seedling age is about 40 days.
3.4 field planting
Planting for 10 months and 15 days, each 667m 2 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
3.5 cultivation management
3.5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure), 300kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied. The selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied to soil by combining tillage and soil preparation 30 days before cabbage field planting, and is naturally decomposed in the soil.
3.5.2 seedling stage management
Shi Dimiao fertilizer after 7 days of final singling, every 667m 2 10kg of urea is applied in combination with watering.
3.5.3 rosette management
Every 667m 2 And applying 350kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 10kg of urea in combination with watering.
3.5.4 balling-up management
Every 667m when the leaf bulb starts to be held 2 400kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal, 20kg of urea and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied in combination with watering so as to promote the formation of leaf balls.
3.6 pest control
The main diseases of cabbage include downy mildew, black rot and soft rot, and the main insect pests include cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella, aphid and beet armyworm. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
3.7 cabbage harvesting
Harvesting when the cabbage reaches commodity maturity, wherein the content of selenium in the harvested cabbage is 0.048mg/kg, the content of organic selenium is 0.036mg/kg, and the harvested cabbage meets the selenium-rich vegetable standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017).
2. Planting of common cabbage (control)
1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.19mg/kg.
2 pre-cast preparation
2.1 variety selection
Selecting excellent cabbage variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing for 9 months and 2 days, and planting when the seedling grows to 6 leaves after the seedling age is about 40 days.
4 field planting
Planting for 10 months and 15 days, each 667m 2 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
5 cultivation management
5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure) and 50kg of compound fertilizer are applied.
5.2 seedling stage management
Shi Dimiao fertilizer after 7 days of final singling, every 667m 2 And the urea is topdressing 15kg in combination with watering.
5.4 rosette management
Every 667m 2 And the urea is topdressing 15kg in combination with watering.
5.5 management of the balling-up period
Every 667m when the leaf bulb starts to be held 2 And applying 25kg of urea and 50kg of compound fertilizer in combination with watering.
6 pest control
The main diseases of cabbage include downy mildew, black rot and soft rot, and the main insect pests include cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella, aphid and beet armyworm. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
Harvesting of 7 cabbage
The cabbage is harvested when the commercial maturity is reached, the detected selenium content of the harvested cabbage is 0.0074mg/kg, the organic selenium content of the harvested cabbage is 0.0074mg/kg, and the selenium-rich vegetable standard (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017) is not reached.
Embodiment III:
1. planting of selenium-enriched cauliflower
1 preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed meal is used, the contents of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and organic selenium are detected, wherein the nitrogen content in the rapeseed meal is 64.10g/kg, the phosphorus content is 14.95g/kg, the potassium content is 11.40g/kg, the selenium content is 0.15mg/kg, the organic matter content is 80.3%, and the organic selenium content is 0.14mg/kg.
2 preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1.5kg of water and fertilizer starter is added with 2.5kg of brown sugar and 800kg of water, 280kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and fermented for 15 days. The organic matters in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation are 7.66%, nitrogen is 0.76%, phosphorus is 0.53%, potassium is 0.28%, selenium content is 0.22mg/kg, and organic selenium content is 0.20mg/kg.
Planting of 3 selenium-enriched cauliflower
3.1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
The excellent cauliflower variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield is selected.
3.2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3.3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing for 21 days in 8 months, and planting when the seedling grows to 5-6 leaves after the seedling age is about 25 days.
3.4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 17 days, each 667m 2 2000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
3.5 cultivation management
3.5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure), 300kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied. The selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied to soil by combining tillage and soil preparation 30 days before the cauliflower is planted in the field, so that the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is naturally decomposed in the soil.
3.5.2 seedling stage management
After 4 days of final singling, the seedling water is combined every 667m 2 And 20kg of compound fertilizer is applied. Every 667m after 7 days 2 And applying 350kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 10kg of urea in combination with watering.
3.5.3 balling-up management
The plant leaves enter the early stage of balling when beginning to screw, and the 3 rd additional fertilizer is needed to be applied every 667m 2 400kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied in combination with watering, the mixture enters the late stage of pelleting when the diameter of a flower ball is 9-10 cm, and the 4 th additional fertilizer is carried out, wherein each 667m of the fertilizer is obtained 2 Urea 15kg was applied with 1 water run every 2-3 days.
3.6 pest control
The main diseases of the cauliflower are mainly black rot, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillars, plutella xylostella and aphids. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
3.7 broccoli harvesting
The cauliflower is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the selenium content of the harvested cauliflower is 0.10mg/kg after detection, the organic selenium content is 0.10mg/kg, and the harvested cauliflower meets the selenium-rich vegetable standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017).
2. Planting common cauliflower (control)
1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
2 pre-cast preparation
2.1 variety selection
The excellent cauliflower variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield is selected.
2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing for 21 days in 8 months, and planting when the seedling grows to 5-6 leaves after the seedling age is about 25 days.
4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 17 days, each 667m 2 2000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
5 cultivation management
5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure) and 50kg of compound fertilizer are applied.
5.2 seedling stage management
After 4 days of final singling, the seedling water is combined every 667m 2 And applying 25kg of compound fertilizer. Every 667m after 7 days 2 And the urea is topdressing 15kg in combination with watering.
5.3 management of the balling-up period
The plant leaves enter the early stage of balling when beginning to screw, and the 3 rd additional fertilizer is needed to be applied every 667m 2 Applying 15kg of urea in combination with watering, entering the late stage of balling when the diameter of the bulbs is 9-10 cm, and carrying out additional fertilizer for the 4 th time, wherein each 667m 2 Urea 15kg was applied with 1 water run every 2-3 days.
6 pest control
The main diseases of the cauliflower are mainly black rot, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillars, plutella xylostella and aphids. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
7 cauliflower harvesting
The cauliflower is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the selenium content of the harvested cauliflower is 0.0035mg/kg after detection, the organic selenium content is 0.0035mg/kg, and the selenium-rich vegetable standard (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017) is not reached.
Embodiment four:
1. planting of selenium-rich broccoli
1 preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed meal is used, the contents of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and organic selenium are detected, wherein the nitrogen content in the rapeseed meal is 64.10g/kg, the phosphorus content is 14.95g/kg, the potassium content is 11.40g/kg, the selenium content is 0.15mg/kg, the organic matter content is 80.3%, and the organic selenium content is 0.14mg/kg.
2 preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1.5kg of water and fertilizer starter is added with 2.5kg of brown sugar and 800kg of water, 280kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and fermented for 15 days. The organic matters in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation are 7.66%, nitrogen is 0.76%, phosphorus is 0.53%, potassium is 0.28%, selenium content is 0.22mg/kg, and organic selenium content is 0.20mg/kg.
Planting of 3 selenium-rich broccoli
3.1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
Select excellent broccoli variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
3.2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3.3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing for 8 months and 1 day, and planting when the seedling grows to 4-5 leaves after the seedling age is about 30 days.
3.4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 2 days, each 667m 2 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
3.5 cultivation management
3.5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure), 300kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied. The selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is applied to soil by combining tillage and soil preparation 30 days before planting of broccoli, and is naturally decomposed in the soil.
3.5.2 seedling management
After planting for 10 days, watering is combined every 667m 2 Urea 10kg was topdressing. Every 667m after 30 days of field planting 2 And applying 350kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 10kg of urea in combination with watering.
3.5.3 balling-up management
The plant starts to appearEvery 667m when in bud 2 300kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied in combination with watering.
3.6 pest control
The main diseases of broccoli are downy mildew and black rot, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella and aphid. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
3.7 harvesting broccoli
The broccoli is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the detected selenium content of the harvested broccoli is 0.12mg/kg, the organic selenium content of the harvested broccoli is 0.12mg/kg, and the harvested broccoli basically accords with selenium-rich vegetable standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017).
2. Planting of ordinary broccoli (control)
1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
2 pre-cast preparation
2.1 variety selection
Select excellent broccoli variety with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing in 31 days of 8 months, and planting when the seedling grows to 4-5 leaves after the seedling age is about 30 days.
4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 29 days, each 667m 2 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
5 cultivation management
5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure) and 50kg of compound fertilizer are applied.
5.2 seedling management
After planting for 10 days, watering is combined every 667m 2 Urea 10kg was topdressing. Every 667m after 30 days of field planting 2 And 20kg of compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied in combination with watering.
5.3 management of the balling-up period
Every 667m when the plant starts to bud 2 And applying 20kg of compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea in combination with watering.
6 pest control
The main diseases of broccoli are downy mildew and black rot, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillar, plutella xylostella and aphid. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
7 broccoli harvesting
The broccoli is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the detected selenium content of the harvested broccoli is 0.0058mg/kg, the organic selenium content of the harvested broccoli is 0.0058mg/kg, and the selenium-enriched vegetable standard (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017) is not reached.
Fifth embodiment:
1. planting of selenium-enriched red seaweed
1 preparation of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
Before the rapeseed meal is used, the contents of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium and organic selenium are detected, wherein the nitrogen content in the rapeseed meal is 64.10g/kg, the phosphorus content is 14.95g/kg, the potassium content is 11.40g/kg, the selenium content is 0.15mg/kg, the organic matter content is 80.3%, and the organic selenium content is 0.14mg/kg.
2 preparation of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal
1.5kg of water and fertilizer starter is added with 2.5kg of brown sugar and 800kg of water, 280kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and fermented for 15 days. The organic matters in the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer after fermentation are 7.66%, nitrogen is 0.76%, phosphorus is 0.53%, potassium is 0.28%, selenium content is 0.22mg/kg, and organic selenium content is 0.20mg/kg.
Planting of 3 selenium-enriched red seaweed
3.1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
3.2 preparation before sowing
3.2.1 variety selection
Selecting excellent red seaweed varieties with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
3.2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3.3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing in 31 days of 8 months, and planting when the seedling grows to 4-5 leaves after the seedling age is about 25 days.
3.4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 26 days, each 667m 2 About 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
3.5 cultivation management
3.5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure), 300kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 40kg of compound fertilizer are applied. The selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied to the soil by combining tillage and soil preparation 30 days before the planting of the red seaweed, so that the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is naturally decomposed in the soil.
3.5.2 Zhuizhui Shi Dimiao fertilizer
After 3 days of field planting, watering is combined every 667m 2 Urea 10kg was topdressing.
3.5.3 topdressing Shi Peidou fertilizer
Every 667m after 20 days of field planting 2 And applying 350kg of water-soluble fertilizer of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal and 10kg of urea in combination with watering.
3.5.4 dressing and applying moss-forcing fertilizer
Every 667m about one month after transplanting 2 300kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal water-soluble fertilizer and 10kg of urea are applied in combination with watering.
3.6 pest control
The main diseases of the red cabbage are mainly viral diseases and soft rot diseases, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillars, plutella xylostella and aphids. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
3.7 harvesting of the red seaweed
The red seaweed is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the selenium content of the harvested red seaweed is 0.0093mg/kg through detection, the organic selenium content is 0.0093mg/kg, and the red seaweed basically accords with the selenium-rich vegetable standards (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017).
2. Planting common red seaweed (control)
1 land selection
And selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is 0.17mg/kg.
2 pre-cast preparation
2.1 variety selection
Selecting excellent red seaweed varieties with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield.
2.2 soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, deep ploughing by 25-30 cm, leveling land, and making furrow width 1.2m and furrow width 30cm. Meanwhile, digging a surrounding ditch and a waist ditch which are 30cm wide and 30cm deep.
3 seeding and seedling raising
Sowing in 31 days of 8 months, and planting when the seedling grows to 4-5 leaves after the seedling age is about 25 days.
4 field planting
Planting for 9 months and 26 days, each 667m 2 About 3000 plants are planted, and watering is performed in time after field planting.
5 cultivation management
5.1 reapplication of base fertilizer
Every 667m 2 3000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (pig manure and cow manure) and 50kg of compound fertilizer are applied.
5.2 Zhuizhui Shi Dimiao fertilizer
After 3 days of field planting, watering is combined every 667m 2 Urea 15kg was topdressing.
5.3 Zhuizhui Shi Peidou fertilizer
Every 667m after 20 days of field planting 2 And 20kg of urea is applied in combination with watering.
5.4 dressing the moss-forcing fertilizer
Every 667m about one month after transplanting 2 And the urea is topdressing 15kg in combination with watering.
6 pest control
The main diseases of the red cabbage are mainly viral diseases and soft rot diseases, and the main insect pests are cabbage caterpillars, plutella xylostella and aphids. The prevention and control are based on the plant protection policy of ' pre-prevention and comprehensive prevention and control ', and the principle of ' agricultural prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control are based on ' auxiliary prevention and control by chemical agents '.
Harvesting of 7 red seaweed
The red seaweed is harvested when the commodity maturity is reached, the selenium content of the harvested red seaweed is 0.0049mg/kg through detection, the organic selenium content is 0.0049mg/kg, and the selenium-rich vegetable standard (DB 13/T2702-2018, DB45/T1061-2014, DB50/T705-2016, DB 36/T566-2017) is not reached.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. The planting method of the selenium-enriched vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing selenium-enriched rapeseed meal, preparing a water-soluble fertilizer of the selenium-enriched rapeseed meal, and planting selenium-enriched vegetables;
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched rapeseed dreg water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following specific steps: 1-2 kg of water and fertilizer starter, 2-3 kg of brown sugar and 600-1000 kg of water are added, 250-300 kg of selenium-rich rapeseed meal is poured into the water and fertilizer starter, and the water and fertilizer starter is uniformly stirred and fermented for 10-15 days, and the fermentation is completed after the rich fragrance is obtained.
2. The method for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the selenium-rich rapeseed meal comprises: before the rapeseed dregs are used, the selenium and organic selenium contents are detected, and the selenium and organic selenium contents in the rapeseed dregs are required to be respectively more than 0.12 mg/kg.
3. The method for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the selenium and organic selenium content in the water-soluble fertilizer of the selenium-rich rapeseed meal after fermentation is over 0.12mg/kg respectively.
4. The planting method of the selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the planting of the selenium-rich vegetables comprises the following specific steps:
step one: land selection
Selecting soil with sufficient illumination, deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, low heavy metal content and higher fertility, wherein the selenium content of the soil is more than 0.15 mg/kg;
step two: planting management
1) Variety selection
Selecting good vegetable varieties with high yield, high quality, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability and high yield;
2) Soil preparation
Ploughing and preparing soil in time after harvesting the previous crop, and preparing land parcels;
3) Sowing or planting
Sowing or transplanting and planting at a proper period according to the planting habit of the local vegetables, and watering in time after sowing or planting;
4) Cultivation management
And (3) reapplying a base fertilizer: every 667m based on the conventional base fertilizer application 2 250 kg to 350kg of selenium-enriched rapeseed meal is added and sowed or fixed in vegetablesApplying the soil to soil after 30 days before planting and ploughing to naturally decompose the soil;
timely topdressing: every 667m 2 600-1000 kg of water-soluble fertilizer for the selenium-rich rapeseed meal is applied in a proper period, and the application amount of the fertilizer is properly reduced on the basis of conventional topdressing;
5) Harvesting
The vegetables are harvested in time when the vegetables reach commodity maturity, and the selenium content of most kinds of vegetables is higher, so that the requirements of the selenium-rich vegetables are met.
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