CN116393690A - Zw800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒及应用于制备诊断肾损伤的产品以及制法 - Google Patents
Zw800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒及应用于制备诊断肾损伤的产品以及制法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于化学纳米材料技术领域,涉及一种ZW800‑1修饰的银纳米颗粒,通过琥珀酰亚胺酯活化的ZW800‑1和谷胱甘肽(GSH)作为配体的GS‑AgNPs之间发生EDC‑NHS耦合反应制得而成。本发明还公开了所述ZW800‑1修饰的银纳米颗粒在制备诊断肾损伤的产品上的应用以及制备方法。本发明通过EDC‑NHS耦合反应制备的荧光染料分子ZW800‑1‑NHS包覆银纳米颗粒GS‑AgNPs耦合成的ZW800‑1‑AgNPs,展现出较强的紫外吸收和高稳定性,其荧光光谱相对于GS‑AgNPs,稳定性显著增强,具有良好的生物相容性。由于其超高靶向性和较小的生物毒性使其成为生物体内检测可用于生物医学领域,尤其是急性肾损伤的诊断成像的应用理想材料。本发明的制备方法易于操控,原料易获得,可加工性强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学纳米材料技术领域,涉及银纳米颗粒,尤其涉及一种ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)及应用于制备诊断肾损伤的产品以及制法。
背景技术
肾脏分泌功能的突然下降是急性肾损伤(AKI)的标志。包括AKI在内的急性肾脏疾病(AKD)是一组以肾功能轻度下降或持续肾脏功能障碍以及肾细胞和肾元不可逆转的损失为特征的疾病,可能发展为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)。目前急性肾损伤(AKI)都是通过尿液监测,而急性肾损伤带来的一个副作用是尿液少,从而导致不能快速有效的诊断。临床上,应用新的生物标志物在肾功能丧失前检测其损伤是必要的。
ZW800-1是一种近红外光区的荧光染料,具有显著的光学特性,确保维持高信号;还具有高亲水性、较低的血清结合和超低的非特异性组织背景,以及通过肾脏过滤迅速从体内清除的优势。银纳米颗粒具有表面等离子体共振(SPR)、高稳定性和良好的生物相容性,结合一些配体如谷胱甘肽(GSH),使其进入生物体后能够快速被肾脏清除,从而降低其生物毒性。ZW800-1修饰的肾清除型银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)能够实时地监测肾脏的成像,从而实现快速诊断急性肾损伤(AKI),同时也能避免诊断信号的假阳性,具有很高的应用价值,为AKI的诊断发展开辟新的方法。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs),因ZW800-1-AgNPs具有好的荧光性质,合成产率高,形貌较均一、稳定,具有高靶向性,停留时间长和有效清除的特点,且稳定性高,应用于制备诊断肾损伤产品。
技术方案:
一种ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs),通过琥珀酰亚胺酯活化的ZW800-1和谷胱甘肽(GSH)作为配体的GS-AgNPs之间发生EDC-NHS耦合反应制得而成。
本发明所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs),为分散性好、直径2~3nm的球形颗粒,在750nm波长处有强的荧光发射峰。
所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)与GS-AgNPs相比,形貌和尺寸未发生明显改变。
本发明的第二个目的在于,公开了所述ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)在制备诊断肾损伤的产品上的应用。
本发明的第三个目的在于,公开了所述ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)的制备方法。
一种ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒(ZW800-1-AgNPs)的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
A、GS-AgNPs的制备,将硝酸银和谷胱甘肽先后溶于去离子水中,调pH至4.9~5.1,加入硼氢化钠溶液,剧烈搅拌2天以上,待反应停止,离心,将上清液的pH调至2~3,按上清液:乙醇的体积比为1:2加入乙醇,摇匀,离心后将沉淀用DI水清洗干净,pH调至7,冷冻干燥,得到谷胱甘肽封端银纳米颗粒(GS-AgNPs);
B、ZW800-1-NHS的制备,将ZW800-1溶于无水二甲基亚砜中,以三乙胺调pH至10~11,加入Hspyu剧烈搅拌,保持溶液的pH值在10~11,反应结束后将反应溶液倒入丙酮/乙醇混合液(1:1v/v)中进行重结晶、抽滤,收集沉淀物并旋蒸干燥,得到ZW800-1-NHS;
C、ZW800-1-NHS与银纳米颗粒结合,将GS-AgNPs颗粒在DI中配制成浓度为0.05mmol·L-1的溶液,pH调节为8~9;将ZW800-1-NHS溶解在DI中配制成浓度为2mmol·L-1的溶液,持续摇动,将ZW800-1-NHS溶液缓慢加入到GS-AgNPs溶液中,避光振荡24h以上,待耦合反应完成后,经液相色谱分离、收集洗脱液,20℃储存。
本发明较优公开例,步骤A中,硝酸银溶液浓度为100~200mmol/L,谷胱甘肽溶液浓度为200~400mmol/L,硼氢化钠溶液浓度为0.5~1M/L。
本发明较优公开例,步骤B中,参与反应的ZW800-1、无水二甲基亚砜、Hspyu的物料比为1~2mmol:50~60mL:2~4mmol,优选1mmol:50mL:2mmol,三乙胺作为pH调节剂,适量。
本发明较优公开例,步骤C中,参与反应的GS-AgNPs溶液与ZW800-1-NHS溶液的体积比为100~200μL:200~400μL,优选200μL:400μL(或1:2)。
本发明较优公开例,步骤C中,所述液相色谱为通过Sephadex LH-20柱,去除未反应的NHS-ZW800-1,收集第一洗脱液。
本发明利用pH不敏感荧光染料ZW800-1与谷胱甘肽(GSH)为配体合成的GS-AgNPs,在室温下避光振荡反应,制备出超稳定ZW800-1-AgNPs。所制得的球形纳米颗粒ZW800-1-AgNPs相较与GS-AgNPs,在水中或PBS缓冲溶液中的稳定性得到大幅提高,具有高分散性,并且形貌尺寸未发生明显改变,依旧保留着在生物体内能够通过肾脏过滤被快速清除的特性。由于染料ZW800-1的高亲水性、较低的血清结合和超低的非特异性组织背景,所以具备更好的稳定性和靶向性,减少了生物毒性,因此,生物成像研究表明合成的银纳米颗粒ZW800-1-AgNPs具有高稳定性及良好的肾损伤组织靶向性,可用于生物医学领域,尤其是急性肾损伤的诊断。
有益效果
本发明通过EDC-NHS耦合反应制备的银纳米颗粒ZW800-1-AgNPs是一种全新纳米荧光材料,制备的荧光染料分子ZW800-1-NHS包覆银纳米颗粒GS-AgNPs耦合成的ZW800-1-AgNPs展现出较强的紫外吸收和高稳定性,其荧光光谱相对于GS-AgNPs,稳定性显著增强,具有良好的生物相容性。由于其超高靶向性和较小的生物毒性使其成为生物体内检测急性肾损伤成像的应用理想材料。本发明的制备方法易于操控,原料易获得,可加工性强。
附图说明
图1.银纳米颗粒GS-AgNPs的理化图,其中,(a)为TEM图,图中试剂瓶内盛装的是GS-AgNPs溶液,(b)为TEM图中的粒径分布;
图2.GS-AgNPs的光谱图,其中,(a)为紫外-可见光谱,(b)为荧光发射光谱;
图3.ZW800-1-AgNPs与染料分子ZW800-1-NHS的紫外-可见光谱图;
图4.ZW800-1-AgNPs与染料分子ZW800-1-NHS的荧光发射光谱,其中,(a)为ZW800-1-AgNPs的荧光发射光谱(Ex:468nm),(b)为ZW800-1-AgNPs的荧光发射光谱(Ex:700nm),(c)为染料分子ZW800-1-NHS的荧光发射光谱(Ex:700nm);
图5.ZW800-1-AgNPs与GS-AgNPs以及染料分子ZW800-1-NHS的凝胶-电泳图;
图6.ZW800-1-AgNPs和荧光染料ZW800-1-NHS分别在第0、1、4、24h的体内荧光成像;
图7.ZW800-1-AgNPs和荧光染料ZW800-1-NHS分别在第0、1、4、24h肾脏和膀胱的平均荧光强度对比图,其中(a)为ZW800-1-AgNPs,(b)为荧光染料ZW800-1-NHS;
图8.ZW800-1-AgNPs与ZW800-1-NHS在24h小鼠尿液的荧光成像图,其中(a)为注射ZW800-1-AgNPs在24h的小鼠尿液,(b)为注射ZW800-1-NHS在24h的小鼠尿液,(c)为尿液荧光强度对照。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明,以使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明,但本发明并不局限于以下实施例。
ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将97mL去离子水,2mL浓度为100mmol/L的硝酸银溶液和1mL浓度为200mmol/L的谷胱甘肽溶液混合,加5mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调pH控制在4.9~5.1,加200μL硼氢化钠溶液进混合液,室温下以搅拌速度不低于900r/min的速度剧烈搅拌反应;
(2)反应2天后,停止,8000r/min离心反应溶液3min,以除去反应过程中生成的大颗粒,将上清液的pH调至2~3,按V上清液:V乙醇=1:2的比例加入乙醇,摇匀,8000r/min离心5min,弃上清液,将沉淀用DI水清洗三次,pH调至7,冷冻干燥,得到谷胱甘肽封端银纳米颗粒GS-AgNPs;
(3)在100mL圆底瓶中,将ZW800-1(1g,1mmol)溶解在50mL无水二甲基亚砜中,加入1毫升(6mmol,7摩尔当量)三乙胺,确认pH值(10~11),在需要时添加更多三乙胺;向反应瓶中加入Hspyu(0.82g,2mmol,2摩尔当量),用力搅拌30min,在15min后的反应过程中,检查反应溶液的pH值(10~11),若需要,添加更多的三乙胺,将反应溶液倒入丙酮/乙醇混合物(500mL,1:1v/v)中进行重结晶,抽滤,收集沉淀物并旋蒸干燥一夜;
(4)将GS-AgNPs粉末在DI中溶解配制成200μL浓度为0.05mmol·L-1的溶液,pH调节为8~9,ZW800-1-NHS溶解在400μL DI中配制成浓度为2mmol·L-1的溶液,持续摇动将ZW800-1-NHS溶液并缓慢加入到GS-AgNPs溶液中;混合物在黑暗条件下室温振荡约24h,反应完成后,将该溶液通过Sephadex LH-20柱,从共轭的ZW800-1-AgNPs去除未反应的ZW800-1-NHS,收集第一洗脱液,样品放于20℃冰箱中储存待用。
实施例1
对所制备的ZW800-1-AgNPs进行测试,包括荧光、紫外吸收、电泳、FOBI体内成像系统等。
图2为GS-AgNPs的紫外-可见和荧光发射光谱图;可以发现GS-AgNPs在300-800nm内没有明显的吸收峰,为典型的2nm AgNPs的特征吸收光谱。然而,图中的紫外-可见吸收曲线显示ZW800-1-AgNPs有两个吸收峰,强吸收峰位于589nm处,弱吸收峰位于768nm。
图3、4为ZW800-1-AgNPs和ZW800-1-NHS的紫外-可见和荧光发射光谱图;图3中游离ZW800-1-NHS在768nm处表现出强烈的吸收峰,698nm处的另一个肩峰是由于水溶液中单体ZW800-1-NHS分子之间的缔合作用。与GS-AgNPs偶联后,768nm处的强吸收峰变为肩峰,69nm处的峰向589nm移动并变宽。发射波长出现蓝移现象是由于ZW800-1-NHS与GS-AgNPs发生耦合反应,ZW800-1在纳米颗粒表面形成了H型(面对面)二聚体。进一步表明通过EDC/NHS偶联反应,ZW800-1-NHS成功接在了GS-AgNPs的表面。
实施例2
取10uLZW800-1-AgNPs加入胶板的样品小槽内,接导线进行电泳,当移到距前沿1~2cm时,停止电泳,取出后在生物成像仪下观察。
图5为ZW800-1-AgNPs与GS-AgNPs以及染料分子ZW800-1-NHS的凝胶-电泳图。由于GS-AgNPs在溶液中呈负电,通电后向正极移动,将荧光染料连接到GS-AgNPs表面生成蓝色的ZW800-1-AgNPs,具有和GS-AgNPs相同的移动性,但移动距离明显短于GS-AgNPs;而游离深绿色ZW800-1-NHS并没有产生任何移动,说明荧光染料ZW800-1-NHS成功连接到GS-AgNPs表面。
实施例3
测试ZW800-1-AgNPs的荧光特性,使用FOBI体内成像系统对该颗粒在体内的分布和代谢进行观察。
图6,7中随着时间的推移,第1h时观察到大量的ZW800-1-AgNPs聚集在肾损伤组织区域。到尾静脉注射后的第4h,身体各组织/器官都显示极弱的强度,大量的ZW800-1-AgNPs经肾脏通过尿液排出体外,但肾损伤组织还能观察到明显的荧光信号,注射后的第24h身体各组织/器官几乎观察不到任何荧光信号,但肾损伤组织仍然可以观察到荧光信号。而注射了ZW800-1-NHS荧光染料的小鼠,第1h时就已经几乎观察不到明显的荧光信号,到尾静脉注射后的第4h,少量的ZW800-1-NHS聚集于膀胱处并迅速排出体外,肾损伤组织区域的荧光信号也降到了最低。ZW800-1-AgNPs提高了颗粒在生物体内的停留时间,4h后大量的颗粒可经尿液排出体外,对生物体的毒性较小,表明ZW800-1-AgNPs在肾疾病成像的应用方面有很好的应用前景。
实施例4
探究ZW800-1-AgNPs体内分解情况。
图8为注射实施案例制备的ZW800-1-AgNPs和ZW800-1-NHS后24h内小鼠尿液在近红外光照下的对比图,分别收集注射两种药品小鼠24小时的尿液,并进行荧光强度分析,观察到注射ZW800-1-AgNPs小鼠24h尿液的荧光强度远低于注射ZW800-1-NHS小鼠24h尿液的荧光强度。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,本发明的保护范围不限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,可显而易见地得到的技术方案的简单变化或等效替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒,其特征在于:所述颗粒通过琥珀酰亚胺酯活化的ZW800-1和谷胱甘肽作为配体的GS-AgNPs之间发生EDC-NHS耦合反应制得而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒,其特征在于:所述颗粒为分散性好、直径2~3nm的球形颗粒,在750nm波长处有强的荧光发射峰。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的应用,其特征在于:将所述颗粒应用于制备诊断肾损伤的产品。
4.制备如权利要求1或2所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
A、将硝酸银和谷胱甘肽先后溶于去离子水中,调pH至4.9~5.1,加入硼氢化钠溶液,剧烈搅拌2天以上,待反应停止,离心,将上清液的pH调至2~3,按上清液:乙醇的体积比为1:2加入乙醇,摇匀,离心后将沉淀用DI水清洗干净,pH调至7,冷冻干燥,得到谷胱甘肽封端银纳米颗粒GS-AgNPs;
B、将ZW800-1溶于无水二甲基亚砜中,以三乙胺调pH至10~11,加入Hspyu剧烈搅拌,保持溶液的pH值在10~11,反应结束后将反应溶液倒入丙酮/乙醇混合液(1:1v/v)中进行重结晶、抽滤,收集沉淀物并旋蒸干燥,得到ZW800-1-NHS;
C、将GS-AgNPs颗粒在DI中配制成浓度为0.05mmol·L-1的溶液,pH调节为8~9;将ZW800-1-NHS溶解在DI中配制成浓度为2mmol·L-1的溶液,持续摇动,然后将ZW800-1-NHS溶液缓慢加入到GS-AgNPs溶液中,避光振荡24h以上,待耦合反应完成后,经液相色谱分离、收集洗脱液,20℃储存。
5.根据权利要求4所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤A中,硝酸银溶液浓度为100~200mmol/L,谷胱甘肽溶液浓度为200~400mmol/L,硼氢化钠溶液浓度为0.5~1M/L。
6.根据权利要求4所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤B中,参与反应的ZW800-1、无水二甲基亚砜、Hspyu的物料比为1~2mmol:50~60mL:2~4mmol,三乙胺作为pH调节剂,适量。
7.根据权利要求6所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤B中,所述参与反应的ZW800-1、无水二甲基亚砜、Hspyu的物料比为1mmol:50mL:2mmol。
8.根据权利要求4所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤C中,参与反应的GS-AgNPs溶液与ZW800-1-NHS溶液的体积比为100~200μL:200~400μL。
9.根据权利要求8所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤C中,所述参与反应的GS-AgNPs溶液与ZW800-1-NHS溶液的体积比为200μL:400μL。
10.根据权利要求4所述的ZW800-1修饰的银纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤C中,所述液相色谱为通过Sephadex LH-20柱,去除未反应的NHS-ZW800-1,收集第一洗脱液。
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