CN1162293A - 具有矩形底部的容器及其制造方法 - Google Patents

具有矩形底部的容器及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1162293A
CN1162293A CN95196029A CN95196029A CN1162293A CN 1162293 A CN1162293 A CN 1162293A CN 95196029 A CN95196029 A CN 95196029A CN 95196029 A CN95196029 A CN 95196029A CN 1162293 A CN1162293 A CN 1162293A
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container
mentioned
wall
base
soldered
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CN1081586C (zh
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阿夫纳·盖勒
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Avner Geller Corp.
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Atifon Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
    • B65D75/5872—Non-integral spouts
    • B65D75/5883—Non-integral spouts connected to the package at the sealed junction of two package walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/83513—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums and moving in a closed path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65D75/008—Standing pouches, i.e. "Standbeutel"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种袋形容器具有前面(2)、后面(1)和底面(3)，底面(3)沿中线折叠，两薄片从折线延伸向下，前面(1)或后面(2)的底边，前后面(1，2)的侧边焊在一起，焊边的两底部夹住折叠底面(3)的两侧边；为构成容器，底面(3)的中部展开使展开部分有矩形构成底部，底面(3)的底边(5)的中部形成底部的前后边，底面(3)的周边形成两个搭接的三角形部分(19)，其底边限定矩形底部两侧边，因而形成容器前后壁部从前后边延伸出，侧壁从侧边延伸出，两面(1，2)的焊边约是侧壁中线，把两三角形部分(19)焊在一起或把一个三角形部分(19)焊到邻接的侧面的内面而固定该结构。

Description

具有矩形底部的容器及其制造方法
本发明涉及一种具有矩形底部的容器，并涉及制造这种容器的方法。这里“容器”一词指的是用一种薄层柔性材料或者说柔性材料薄膜制成的、其形状适用于盛装整块的、粉末状或颗粒状的、或者液态的物质的容器。
本发明涉及的容器是包装食品的实用且便宜的工具，因此在食品工业中十分通用，虽然不仅限于在该领域应用。这种容器的主要优点在于容易制造、成本低廉并且常适用于装盛各种类型的制品，这种容器只需很小的存放空间，并且容易处理。
广泛使用的容器形式是所谓的“袋子”，它是用一种薄层材料例如纸张、厚纸板、塑料或叠层材料做成一种包或者说袋的形状。
在某些情况下，袋子与其底部做成整体。但是，这种袋子是不能自立的，它们要由装入的东西的内压力来保持稳定。而且，这种袋子通常是椭圆形的，因此不大平稳，还要求有较大的存放空间。这种袋子的再一个缺点是其结构没有刚性，因此，当它们没有装满东西时可能会瘪塌。
在本说明书和权利要求书中，“可热焊材料”或“可热焊表面”一词指的是一种塑料层(例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯层等)；它们可通过一种方法热熔而粘到其它的这种塑料层上，所述的方法在说明书的下文中叫做焊接法，“可热焊”一词在技术上也称为“可热封”。
一般的容器是用单张薄层材料折叠成容器的形状然后将重叠部分互相胶接或者说焊接在一起制成的，这种容器通常不适用于盛装液态物品，它们没有刚性结构。因此，当部分地取出所装物品时便会瘪塌。而且，按照公知的方法制造的容器通常仅限于袋子或者棱柱形的盒状容器。
本发明的目的是提供一种基本上减少了或克服了上述缺点的新型改进的容器以及制造这种容器的工艺。
按照本发明，提出了一种基本上由一张或多张薄膜制成的容器，该容器具有一个底部和从该底部向上延伸出来的壁；上述底部大致为矩形并规定了容器壁的前、后部和两个侧部；上述底部用一种其两面皆可热焊的薄膜制成，上述的各个容器壁则用一种至少其内表面是可热焊的薄膜制成；上述容器由一个具有前、后面和底面的袋子构成；上述袋子的底面沿其中线折叠成为从该折线向向下延伸的两个薄片、该薄片的两条底边分别焊到前、后面的一条底边上，或者与该底边做成整体，上述前面与后面的侧边互相焊在一起，两条焊接边的下部将折叠的底面的两条侧边夹在中间；为了构成容器，将底面的中央部分展开，使展开的部分大致成为矩形，这就形成了上述容器的底部，上述底面底边的中央部分构成容器底部的前、后边，而上述底面的边缘部分则构成两个重叠的三角形部分，三角形的底边便成为矩形底部的两条侧边，这样，就形成了从上述前、后边向上延伸出来的容器的前、后壁和从上述侧边延伸出来的容器的侧壁，前、后壁的焊接边大致位于侧壁的中部；通过将上述两个重叠的三角形部分互相焊接在一起，或者将两个重叠三角形部分的三角边缘部分焊到毗连的侧壁的内表面上的方法使上述结构定形。
按照本发明的一个实施例，容器的底部和四壁均由一整张两面皆可热焊的薄膜制成。
按照本发明，为了使容器具有刚性，将一个或多个由可热焊材料制成的或涂有这种材料的加强件焊到矩形底部的底面上。所述的加强件可由几段构成，或者是一个均一的方框，它们被焊到其上部或底边附近的容器壁的内表面上。
焊接到上部的加强件，其形状和尺寸可以与矩形底部相对应，从而得到一种矩形的盒状容器，但是，上述的加强件也可以具有任何其他的形状和尺寸。如果加强件是一个大于底部的矩形，就得到一种方形的截头角锥体，这种容器可以彼此堆叠放置。
按照本发明的再一个实施例，将一种可热焊材料制的或涂有这种材料的长形刚性肋条焊到容器的内壁上，使容器具有刚性。但是，上述刚性肋条也可与一个或多个加强件做成一个整体。上述的刚性肋条可具有不同的形状，所以当将它们焊到容器壁上时，容器的形状就与上述肋条构件的形状相对应。
本发明还提出一种制造容器的工艺，这种容器具有一个基本上是矩形的底部，容器的壁由从上述底部向上延伸出来的前、后部分和两个侧部分组成，上述的底部由一种两面皆可热焊的薄膜制成，而上述的容器壁由一种至少其内表面是可热焊的薄膜制成；上述的工艺包含如下步骤：
(a)制备一种具有前、后面和底面的袋子，将底面沿其中线折叠而形成两个从该折线向下延伸的薄片，该薄片的两条底边分别焊到前面和后面的底边上，或者与前面或后面的底边做成整体，前面和后面的侧边彼此焊接在一起，使它们的下部将底面的两个侧边夹在中间；
(b)将底面的中央部分展开，使展开的部分呈矩形状，而两个边缘部分形成两个重叠的三角形部分；
(c)将两个重叠的三角形部分互相焊在一起，或者将两个重叠三角形的边缘三角形部分与毗连侧面的毗连内表面焊在一起。
本发明的另一个方面涉及制备用于连续制造本发明的容器的袋子的连续工艺。
为了更好地了解本发明，下面仅通过实施例并参考附图说明本发明，附图中：
图1是本发明的基本容器的结构的分解等角图，其状态正处于制造本发明容器的第一工步；
图2是按照本发明制造的袋子的等角图；
图3说明如何获得矩形的底部；
图4示意说明矩形底部的焊接方法；
图5是本发明的容器的基本形式的等角图；
图6仅是本发明的容器的下部和一个加强件的分解等角图；
图7示意地说明图6的加强件如何焊到容器的矩形底部上；
图8是本发明的容器的等角图，其中容器前、后壁的顶边被互相焊在一起而密封容器；
图9是本发明的容器的等角图，其两侧壁的顶边互相焊在一起而密封容器；
图10是图9所示容器的侧视图；
图11仅是本发明的容器的上部和一个加强框架件的分解等角图；
图12是本发明的具有倒截头矩形角锥体形状的容器的等角图；
图13仅是本发明的容器的上部的分解等角图，该容器带有一个具有向下伸出的整体长形支柱的矩形加强框架件；
图14仅是本发明的容器的上部的分解等角图，该容器带有一个具有盒状支承结构的矩形加强框架件；
图15是本发明的容器的等角图，其中，容器的上部小于矩形的底部；
图16是本发明的做成具有缩小的中部的容器的等角图；
图17(a)～(d)是密封或者说封闭容器上部的不同构件的等角分解图；
图18是本发明的容器的另一实施例的等角图；
图19是说明本发明的容器的一种攻型的等角图；
图20是做出本发明的一个改型容器的底部的工步的局部等角图；
图21是图20所示改型容器的局部等角图；
图22是说明按照本发明的一个实施例连续制造容器的工艺的透视图；
图23(a)是说明制备一种用于制造本发明的容器的袋子的一种工艺的透视图；
图23(b)～(g)是通过图23(a)的工艺的不同阶段的简单剖视图；
图24(a)是制备用于制造本发明的容器的袋子的第二种工艺的透视图；
图24(b)～(d)是通过图24(a)的工艺的不同阶段的剖视图；
图25(a)是说明按照第三种工艺制备用于制造本发明的容器的袋子的透视图；
图25(b)～(d)是通过图25(a)的工艺的不同阶段的简单剖视图；
图26(a)是说明按照再一种不同的工艺制备用于制造本发明的容器的袋子的透视图；
图26(b)～(e)是通过图26(a)的工艺的不同阶段的简单剖视图。
现在首先参看附图的图1和2，将两块尺寸基本相同的薄片1和2彼此对置，它们相对的表面是用可热焊材料例如聚乙烯制成的，或者涂上这种材料。
第三块薄片3具有与薄片1和2同样的宽度，它由可热焊材料制成，或者两个面都涂有这种材料。将第三块薄片3折叠成两块，然后置于上述薄片1、2之间，其底边4与薄片1、2的底边5对齐，并且，其折叠线7位于薄片1和2之间。
另一方面，也可以用由可热焊材料制成的或者两面都涂有这种材料的一整张薄片来代替上面所述的三块单独的薄片1、2和3，如图1中虚线表示的部分，且明了易懂。
然后，将薄片1和2的侧边6用普通方法互相焊接起来，将折叠片3的侧边8夹在中间。
第二步，将薄片1和2的底边5分别与薄片3的底边4焊在一起。在焊接两条底边4之前，首先在它们之间插入一块涂有非粘结材料(例如特氟隆TM或硅)的板片9，以防止两条底边4互相焊在一起。这一工步完成后，就制成了一种通常所谓的袋子11。
下面参看图3～5来说明如何做出袋子的矩形底面。先制备一个矩形芯件15，该芯件15带有两个涂有非粘结材料的可沿两垂直轴线侧向展开的元件16和17。然后将芯件15插入袋子11中，并向下推压，直到第三块薄片3的中央部分在袋子11之底部基本上变平为止，这样就做成了一个平的矩形底面。
如图5所示，这一工步完成后，就形成了侧壁18，并由薄片3在袋子两侧形成两个搭接的三角形部分19，该三角形部分19与侧壁18部分重叠。然后，将芯件15的元件16和17展开，使其与袋子底部整齐地配合，从而将三角形部分19压紧在侧壁18上。
为了固定底面的矩形形状，三角形部分19必须焊到侧壁18上。用普通的电热焊盘21加热三角形部分19，如果需要的话，也由装在芯件15内的电热元件(未示出)加热。在展开的元件16和17缩回后，从袋子11中取出芯件15，这样，就制成了本发明的带自立矩形底面的容器。
在按照图6所示的另一个实施例中，有一种由可热封材料制成的或者涂上这种材料的加强件22，在一个具体实施例中，该加强件22做成矩形框架式，以便与矩形底面20相焊接，焊接方法将在下面详细说明。如图所示，加强件22具有倒L形的横截面，用来支撑底面20的四周部分。另外，加强件22也可带有加强肋，或者可以是平面的，甚至可由四个单独的直角件构成。
图7示意地说明加强件22是如何固定在容器的底部上的。将参考图4所述的第一可张开的矩形芯件15插入容器中，并将一个类似的第二可张开的矩形芯件15’置于加强件22的下面。然后，将矩形芯件15和15’张开，并互相推压，使加强件22处于容器的有关位置上，再按照上述方法由电热焊盘21加热，将加强件22焊到容器上。也可以由与芯件15和15’做成整体的热盘来加热。
图8说明一个通过将前壁1和后壁2的顶边焊接起来而将容器密封的一个实施例。在这种方法中，容器保持其矩形底面的形状。
图9和10说明如何通过焊接侧壁18的顶边而密封容器11并得到如图所示的特定形状的。图中的虚线19表示要倒出液体时的撕开线。
下面参看图11，图中示出了容器11的上矩形部分和矩形的加强框架25。该加强框架25用可热焊材料制成，或者涂上这种材料，组装时，框架25十分合适地配入容器内，并与其顶边齐平，然后将其与容器焊在一起，这样，容器11的顶边就具有加强件的形状，并变得坚固而不会变形。
但是，很显然，只要能与容器的顶面牢牢地焊在一起，任何尺寸和形状的加强件25都是可以用的，而且，加强件25可以用如前所述的可热封材料制成或者涂上这种材料，或者也可以采用金属或其他的可将其折叠在容器的顶边然后将其夹紧而固定在容器上、或通过其他已知的方法与容器11固定在一起的合适材料制成。
在图12中，容器11如上所述由薄片1和2制成，薄片的材料是一种在热的作用下可延展的材料例如聚酰胺，上述薄片1和2涂上或层压一种可热焊材料。然后将一个具有矩形角锥截面(未示出)的可张开芯件完全插入容器中，并且使其张开，直到它的侧板压紧在容器的内壁上为止，而后通过内热元件(未示出)将张开的芯件加热到可使容器的层壁发生塑性变形的合适温度。然后从容器中缓慢地抽出芯件，同时逐渐地张开芯件的横截面，使容器获得图12所示的倒截头矩形角锥体的形状。
但是，也可以在一种热环境中例如在烘箱中、或在一条热空气通道中，或者是在该二者相结合的环境中，制成上述的矩形角锥形，而不是直接对容器加热。
然后将一个带有比矩形底面20更大的凸缘的矩形加强框架25’焊到容器11的顶边上(见图12)使容器具有刚性。
图12所示的容器适合于叠放在类似的容器内，从而减少贮存这种空容器所需的空间。
图13示出用可热封材料制成的或涂有这种材料的加强件27是如何与4根从框架四角向下伸出的加强柱28做成一个整体的。所述的加强柱也是用可热封材料制成或涂上这种材料的，其长度与容器内部的长度基本相同。将带有整体加强柱28的框架件27插入容器11内，然后如上述通过加热和加压并借助于一个可张开的芯件(未示出)将框架件27焊到容器11上。
按照本发明的另一实施例(也见图13)，在加强柱28的另一端也设有做成整体并与上加强框架27平行设置的第二加强框架30，因而提高了容器的刚性。
一旦加强柱28焊到容器上，容器也就沿其轴线方向得到强化，而且，即使在空容器倒下，也还保持其矩形盒状的形状。
图14与图13的差别在于，加强件27不是与4根加强柱28而是与用可热封材料制成的或涂有这种材料的盒状加强结构件29做成整体的，并且适合于插入容器11内并靠紧容器的侧壁。上述的盒状加强构件29最好与容器的侧壁焊在一起，但不是非这样做不可。
图15示出一种侧壁收缩的容器。在按照上述所述方法制成容器11后，再将直线边29(虚线所示)改造成凹线31(也可以是直线或其他的线)。而后借助热压板(未示出)沿线31将边缘焊在一起而形成收缩形状的容器。然后，如前所述，将加强框架32焊到容器11的顶部，并将多余的焊片33沿焊线33切去，使之美观。
图16示出一种在容器中带有收缩部分的容器，于是通过挤压和焊接将侧壁的各收缩部分与相邻的前壁和后壁焊在一起而形成新的角边37，与图15所示实施例相类似，如果需要，也要切除多余部分36。
图17示出几种密封或者说封闭容器顶部的方法。在图17(A)中，由热封材料制成的或涂有这种材料的框架41带有一个管嘴42，框架41被焊到或者说固定到框架25上(如前所述)，容器中所盛物品通过管嘴42倒出，该管嘴42可用一合适的密封件封闭之。在图17(B)中，在由可热封材料制成或涂有这种材料的、与框架45密切配合的框架44内嵌有一张铝箔43。将框架44焊到框架45上便可将容器密封。如果要倒出容器内的物品，可沿框架44切开并撕去铝箔43，故可用一个合适的塑料盖对容器反复地密封和封闭。
在图17(C)中，容器由带有管嘴47的盖子46密封之。因此，盖子46直接焊到或者用其他方法固定到容器11上，故可不用加强框架45。
在图17(D)中，将铝或其他适合于密封的材料制成的并带有整体框架49的箔材48直接焊到容器11的顶边上，而不用图17(B)所示的框架45。显然，也可采用其他任何普通的合适方法将盖子固定到容器上。
图18示出另一个实施例，其中，侧壁18’包括一个大致平直的部分51和一个由两块叠合片53组成的角板部分52和一个中间部分54。
图19示出如何将容器做成一个带有把手部分56和注嘴部分57的水壶状容器。通过做出像图18所示实施例那样的角板部分并将叠合片53’互相焊接起来而制成壶形容器的把手部分，然后，在每块叠合片53’上切出一个开口58，该开口58用来抓握容器。
用20和21说明按照本发明的另一个实施例加强容器底部的步骤。按图5所示做出容器后，不是如图6所示的焊上加强件22，而是在底部凸缘61的每个角上切出切口60，然后将凸缘部分向内折叠(如箭头62所示)，并焊到底部20的底面上，从而使底部具有刚性而耐用。
下面参看图22～26，图中示意地说明按照本发明制造容器的工艺步骤，其中也包括装料和密封要点。
各个制造工步和容器的部件与图1～5所示的相同，因此，相同的零件和部件给予与图1～5最初标识的对应零部件相同的标号，读者可参看前面的图作详细了解。
图22示意说明按照本发明连续进行容器的制造、装料和密封的工艺流程。
总的标为70的第一工步是制造袋子11’的工步，下面还要对这一工步的几个实施例加以详述。
制好的袋子11’进入总的标号为72的旋转工位，这里有一个抓取机构74(它可以是例如一个普通的真空吸盘)，然后，袋子11’在工位76由吸力机构张开，使薄片1’和2’彼此分离。
标为78的下一工步是将一个可张开的芯件80插入袋子中，在工位82上将袋子底部的中央部分展开，使展开部分呈矩形形状，而两个边缘部分形成如前所述的两个叠合的三角形部分，最后，如前所述，使两个焊盘84侧向地逼近容器，将两个叠合的三角形部分焊接起来，以便固定住容器的形状。
另外，在旋转工位72可增加若干个工作台以便例如加入加强件来保持容器的特定形状，等等，如前所述。然后，容器从工位72移到输送带86上，将制好的容器送至装料台88进行众所周知的自动装料。
然后将装好料的容器移到输送带上送至总的标号为90的密封工位上，在这里，容器被适当的夹臂92夹住，送往密封工位94将容器密封，密封的方法有例如图8所示的焊接容器的顶边，或者参看图9、10或17所述的任何其他的合适密封方法或另外的其他方法。
在这一工步的终端，容器已准备好出售，由输送带96送至包装工位(未示出)。
下面参见图23(a)～(g)，图中示出总的以标号70表示的制造袋子11’的第一工步，下面加以说明。
从卷筒104放出其顶面102上涂有可热焊材料的第一薄膜100，与此同时，从卷筒108放出其两面皆涂有可热焊材料的第二薄膜106，该薄膜106置于第二薄膜100的中央(见图23(c))。
然后将薄膜的中央部分吸入三角形成形件110一边上的缺口109内(在图23(b)和(e)看得较清楚)。
由辊子112和114定位的薄膜通过刀片116，而将其沿底边切开，此时，薄膜的形状与图1的相似。
两个热辊118彼此并置，在它们之间夹有一层非粘结片(例如特氟隆或硅片)120。当薄膜通过热辊118之间时，其底边4’和5’就焊接起来，当该膜层通过辊子122之间时，就由热焊条124将其焊在一起从而制成多个连接的袋子126，显然，这种连接的袋子126可在剪切工位128中剪开来。
在图24(a)～(d)中，分别从卷筒134和136放出两张其相对的面上涂有可热焊材料的薄膜130、132，又从卷筒140放出其两面皆涂有可热焊材料的第三张薄膜138。
第三薄膜138在接近相对的薄膜130、132时，如上面结合图23(b)所述那样，由一带槽的三角件142将其折叠成两折，折叠好的薄膜138(形成底板)和薄膜130、132(形成侧壁)然后由定位辊144、146向前推进，并由中间夹有一个不可焊接的板片(如前所述)的焊辊148将它们的底边焊在一起。
然后，由辊子154的焊条152将膜层焊接起来，这就做成了袋子的侧边。最后，如前所述，将袋子126’彼此分开。
图25(a)～(d)示出一种基本上类似于图24(a)～(d)所示的过程，但是，在本实施例中，由焊辊158和插入薄膜间的非焊接片160将一条可重新闭合的拉链状带子156焊到口袋的顶边上。因此，可以理解，采用本工艺制备的袋子及后来的容器可以多次封闭和打开。
图26(a)～(e)说明如何用一张由卷筒164放出的、并且其两面都是可热焊的单张薄膜162制成一个可用来制造本发明的容器的袋子。使薄膜162通过一个截面大致为W形的块状件166与一个截面为三角形的滑动件168之间逐渐使薄膜162变成图26(b)和(c)所示的形状，所以，当薄膜到达定位辊170时，便已经成为像图1(虚线部分)所示的形状，下面的工艺按参照图23～25所述继续进行。
显然，熟悉本技术的人们可对上述的各实施例进行任何组合并给予必要的修改。

Claims (25)

1.一种主要由一张或多张薄膜制成的容器，该容器具有一个底部和从该底部向上延伸的壁；上述底部大致为矩形，并限定了容器的前壁、后壁和两个侧壁；上述底部用一种其两面皆可热焊的薄膜做成，上述容器壁由一种至少一内面是可热焊的薄膜做成；上述的容器由一个带有前面、后面和底面的袋子构成；所述袋子的底面沿其中线折叠成为从该折线向下延伸的两个薄片，该薄片的两条底边分别焊到前面和后面的一条底边上，或者与该底边做成整体，上述前面与后面的侧边相互焊在一起，两条焊接边的下部将折叠的底面的两条侧边夹在中间；为了构成容器，将底面的中央部分展开，使展开的部分大致成为矩形，以形成上述的容器底部，上述底面底边的中央部分构成容器底部的前、后边，而上述底面的边缘部分则构成两个重叠的三角形部分，三角形的底边便成为矩形底部的两条侧边，从而形成了从上述前、后边延伸出来的容器的前、后壁，和从上述侧边延伸出来的容器侧壁，前、后壁的焊接边大约位于上述侧壁的中部，通过将两个重叠的三角形部分互相焊接在一起或者将两个重叠的三角形部分的三角边缘部分焊到毗连的侧壁的内表面上的方法使上述结构定形。
2.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，上述的底部和容器壁都由两面都可热焊的整张薄膜制成。
3.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，将一个或多个用可热焊材料制成的或涂有这种材料的加强件焊到容器底部的底面上。
4.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，采用将上述前壁的顶边焊到上述后壁的顶边或者将上述侧壁的顶边互相焊在一起的方法将上述容器的上部密封或者说封闭起来。
5.根据权利要求4的容器，其特征在于，上述的上部带有一个可多次关闭和开启的盖子。
6.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，含有一个固定到容器各壁之顶边上的加强件。
7.根据权利要求6的容器，其特征在于，上述的加强件可用于支承密封或者说封闭构件。
8.根据权利要求6的容器，其特征在于将一个用可热焊材料制的或涂有这种材料的加强件焊到容器的壁上。
9.根据权利要求6的容器，其特征在于，上述的加强件带有一个不同于矩形底部的凸边。
10.根据权利要求6的容器，其特征在于，上述的加强框架比上述的矩形底部大得多，因此，上述的容器从上述的矩形底部向内缩小。
11.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，它含有用可热焊材料制的或涂有这种材料的基本是刚性的长形加强柱，这些加强柱被焊到容器的壁上。
12.根据权利要求11的容器，其特征在于，上述的长形加强柱从焊到容器底部或顶部的加强件上凸出来，并且基本上伸过容器的整个高度。
13.根据权利要求11的容器，其特征在于，上述的长形加强柱是弧形的或者波纹形的，因此容器壁也具有加强柱的这种形状。
14.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，它含有一个焊在容器内部的盒状刚性加强构件。
15.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，上述容器的一个壁上做出一个把手，而相对的壁上则做出一个注嘴。
16.根据权利要求1的容器，其特征在于，将焊接容器壁和底边时所形成的凸缘部分折叠在容器底部的底面上，并与底面焊在一起。
17.一种制造容器的工艺，该容器具有一个大致为矩形的底部，和由从该底部向上延伸出来的前、后部分和两个侧面部分组成的容器壁，上述底部由一种两面都可热焊的薄膜制成，而上述的壁部由一种至少其内面是可热焊的薄膜制成，上述的工艺包含如下步骤：
(a)制备一种带有前、后面和底面的袋子，将底面沿其中线折叠而形成两个从该折线向下延伸的薄片，该薄片的两个底边分别焊到前面的底边和后面的底边上，或者与前面或后面的底边做成整体，前面和后面的侧边彼此焊在一起，使它们的下部将底面的两个侧边夹在中间。
(b)将底面的中央部分展开，使展开的部分呈矩形状，而两个边缘部分形成两个重叠的三角形部分；
(c)将两个重叠的三角形部分互相焊在一起，或者将两个重叠三角形的边缘三角形部分与毗邻侧面的毗连内表面焊在一起。
18.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，容器的底和壁由其两面皆为可热焊的整张薄膜制成。
19.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，将一个用可热焊材料制的或涂有这种材料的加强件焊到容器底部的底面上。
20.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，采用将前壁的顶边与后壁的顶边焊在一起或者将上述侧壁彼此焊在一起的方法将容器的顶边密封或者说封闭。
21.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，还包括将一个加强件固定到容器壁的顶边上。
22.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，还包括将几根用可热焊材料制成的或者涂有这种材料的、基本上是刚性的长形加强柱焊到容器壁上。
23.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，还包括将一个盒形的刚性加强构件焊在容器内。
24.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，还包括在容器的一个侧壁部分做出一个把手，而在容器的与上述侧壁部分相对的侧壁部分做出一个注嘴。
25.根据权利要求17的工艺，其特征在于，还包括将焊接容器壁和底边时形成的凸缘折叠到容器底部的底面上，并将该折叠的凸缘焊到毗连的底部上。
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ATE193264T1 (de) 2000-06-15
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CN1081586C (zh) 2002-03-27
IL111114A0 (en) 1994-11-28
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AU698626B2 (en) 1998-11-05
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US6231237B1 (en) 2001-05-15
DE19581417T1 (de) 1998-01-22

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