CN116035072A - 黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用 - Google Patents
黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用,特别地,涉及一种含黑果腺肋花楸提取物的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,属于食品领域。一种含黑果腺肋花楸提取物的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,所述驼乳奶粉包括黑果腺肋花楸提取物。所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:将黑果腺肋花楸果实打浆、过滤并收集滤液,加入乙醇溶液超声波辅助提取,过滤并收集滤液,蒸发,冻干,得到黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末。本发明将黑果腺肋花楸提取物作为一种抗糖化剂添加到驼乳粉中可以显著降低驼乳粉加工过程中及摄入后内源形成的AGEs的含量,同时不影响驼乳粉的品质,也为黑果腺肋花楸的综合应用开发提供了一种具有广阔前景的途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用,特别地,涉及一种含黑果腺肋花楸提取物的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,属于食品领域。
背景技术
黑果腺肋花楸(Aronia melanocarpa),是蔷薇科、属于灌木浆果果树,又名野樱莓、不老莓。其果实富含黄酮、多酚、花青素等多种有益于人体健康的成分,在欧美国家已被广泛应用于医药和功能食品工业等领域。我国自20世纪90年代引种黑果腺肋花楸,目前已经被列为我国新兴十大小浆果之一。
驼乳是骆驼活体利用方式之一,历史上有很多有关驼乳治病的记载。商品化的驼乳起源于中国,近几年,全国驼乳产量逐渐增加。将新鲜驼乳加工成驼乳粉更易于贮藏,方便食用,而驼乳粉在加工过程中由于发生了经典的美拉德反应而产生了晚期糖基化终产物。晚期糖基化终末产物(Advanced glycation end products,AGEs)是还原糖(如葡萄糖)的羰基与核酸、脂肪酸、蛋白质或氨基酸的氨基之间发生重排、脱水、氧化、缩合等一系列复杂反应后生成的一种稳定的、不可逆的化合物。AGEs的形成途径主要是(1)食品加工过程中发生美拉德反应和脂质过氧化反应产生外源性AGEs。(2)人体血液中的葡萄糖和氨基酸残基结合产生内源性AGEs。研究表明,无论外源性还是内源性AGEs在体内长期大量的积累,会诱发相关慢性疾病,如糖尿病、阿兹海默症、心血管疾病、肾脏疾病和神经系统疾病等。一般来说,阻断AGEs形成的任一步骤,都可以达到抑制AGEs形成的效果。因此,AGEs抑制剂的潜在抑制机制主要是通过阻断糖与蛋白质的附着,捕获或清除部分糖化过程中产生的α-二羰基化合物,自由基以及含氮物质等中间体来减弱糖氧化和氧化应激,从而阻断形成的AGEs交联。氨基胍作为抑制剂虽然对AGEs有较好的抑制效果,但是考虑合成药物的安全性和副作用等问题,不适合将其添加乳粉中。从自然界中找寻具有抑制晚期糖基化终产物作用的天然产物显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于一种黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用。通过建立不同体外非酶糖基化反应模拟体系,以黑果腺肋花楸提取物作为一种天然抑制剂,以氨基胍作为阳性对照探讨其对AGEs的抑制作用。
本发明提供黑果腺肋花楸提取物作为抗糖化抑制剂的应用。进一步提供黑果腺肋花楸提取物作为抗糖化抑制剂在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用。
黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用。
本发明所述黑果腺肋花楸驼乳奶粉可以降低外源性、内源性AGEs生成含量达到抗糖化作用。
一种抗糖化驼乳奶粉,所述驼乳奶粉包括黑果腺肋花楸提取物。
优选地,所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:将黑果腺肋花楸果实打浆、过滤并收集滤液,加入70%的乙醇溶液,料液比为1:40g/mL,在45℃,超声频率为600W条件下,超声波辅助提取90min,以上操作重复若干次;冷却至室温后,过滤并收集滤液,蒸发,冻干,得到黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末。
进一步地,所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:将成熟的黑果腺肋花楸果实,挑拣、清洗、打浆、过滤、收集滤液,加入70%的乙醇溶液,料液比为1:40g/mL,在45℃,超声频率为600W条件下,超声波辅助提取90min,以上操作重复三次;冷却至室温后,过滤,收集滤液,旋转蒸发,冻干成黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末,收集置于-80℃冻存。
一种抗糖化驼乳奶粉,所述驼乳奶粉按质量份,由下述组分组成:所述驼乳奶粉按质量份,由下述组分组成:脱脂驼乳奶粉30-40份,全脂驼乳奶粉10-20份,浓缩乳清蛋白粉10-20份,抗性糊精5-10份,赤藓糖醇1-5份,低聚果糖1-5份,黑果腺肋花楸提取物1-5份,营养物质2-8份。
优选地,所述驼乳奶粉按质量份,由下述组分组成:脱脂驼乳奶粉35份,全脂驼乳奶粉15份,浓缩乳清蛋白粉15份,抗性糊精8份,赤藓糖醇3份,低聚果糖3份,黑果腺肋花楸提取物5份,营养物质6份。
进一步地,所述奶粉中的营养物质按质量配比由下述营养组分组成:维生素A 0.1份,维生素D 0.02份,维生素E 0.15份,维生素B6 0.1份,维生素C1份,叶酸0.03份,碳酸钙3份,氧化镁1份,硫酸亚铁0.3份,氧化锌0.3份。
本发明的又一目的是提供上述抗糖化驼乳奶粉的制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤:将原料分别加水溶解均匀,水溶比例1:15,按顺序依次送入高速剪切罐中混合;均质前先预热到60~65℃,均质压力为20~22Mpa,均质后经95~100℃灭菌4s,进行真空浓缩至混料乳体积的23~27%,奶中固形物质量分数在30~40%;在干燥塔内进行高压喷雾干燥,其进风温度设置为180~200℃,排风温度设置为70~80℃;将奶粉迅速降低至室温,即得成品奶粉。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明将黑果腺肋花楸提取物作为一种抗糖化剂添加到驼乳粉中可以显著降低驼乳粉加工过程中及摄入后内源形成的AGEs的含量,同时不影响驼乳粉的品质。本发明的黑果腺肋花楸提取物具有较好的抗糖化活性,可以作为天然食品添加原料应用至驼乳奶粉食品中,为黑果腺肋花楸的综合应用开发提供了一种具有广阔前景的途径。
附图说明
图1黑果腺肋花楸提取物在不同体外模拟非酶糖基化反应体系中对总荧光AGEs形成的抑制率。(A)牛血清蛋白-果糖反应体系。(B)牛血清蛋白-甲基乙二醛反应体系。(C)牛血清蛋白-乙二醛反应体系。
图2为不同浓度黑果腺肋花楸提取物在驼乳中对荧光性AGEs(A.37℃,7天,B.100℃,60min)的抑制效果。
注:图中图注*表示在95%置信区间内比较组别之间的显著差异,****表示P<0.0001;图中字母表示在95%置信区间内比较组别之间的显著差异,P<0.05;统计学计算采用方差分析ANOVA法。
具体实施方式
下述非限制性实施例可以使本领域的普通技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
下述实施例中所述试验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1
成熟的黑果腺肋花楸果实,挑拣、清洗、称取250g果实,加入500mL纯净水于榨汁机中打浆、过滤果渣、收集得到滤液300g。按滤液与乙醇溶液的料液比为1:40g/mL,加入70%的乙醇溶液,在45℃,超声频率为600W条件下,超声波辅助提取90min,以上操作重复三次;冷却至室温后,过滤,收集滤液,旋转蒸发,冻干成黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末,收集置于-80℃冻存。
所述抗糖化驼乳奶粉按下述方法制备:
(1)称取原料:称取原料,备用。
投料与混料:将脱脂驼乳奶粉35份,全脂驼乳奶粉15份,浓缩乳清蛋白粉15份,抗性糊精8份,赤藓糖醇3份,低聚果糖3份,黑果腺肋花楸提取物5份,营养物质6份,加水溶解均匀(水溶比例1:15),按顺序依次送入高速剪切罐中混合,其中,营养物质按质量配比由下述营养组分组成:维生素A0.1份,维生素D 0.02份,维生素E 0.15份,维生素B6 0.1份,维生素C1份,叶酸0.03份,碳酸钙3份,氧化镁1份,硫酸亚铁0.3份,氧化锌0.3份。
均质浓缩:均质前先预热到65℃,均质压力为20Mpa,均质后经100℃灭菌4s,进行真空浓缩至混料乳体积的25%,奶中固形物质量分数在35%。
(2)喷雾干燥:在干燥塔内进行高压喷雾干燥,其进风温度设置为200℃,排风温度设置为75℃。
(3)干混:将奶粉迅速降低至室温,即得成品奶粉。
建立体外模拟非酶糖基化反应体系:
(1)牛血清蛋白-果糖反应体系的建立
1mL BSA溶液(20mg/mL),1mL果糖溶液(0.5mol/L)与1mL实施例1黑果腺肋花楸提取物水溶液(0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0mg/mL)混合,所有反应物均用0.2mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4)溶解。氨基胍(AG,0.1mg/mL)溶液作为阳性对照,糖化蛋白溶液作为空白,置于37℃恒温培养箱中培养7d。
(2)牛血清蛋白-甲基乙二醛反应体系的建立
1mL BSA溶液(20mg/mL),1mL甲基乙二醛溶液(10mol/L)与1mL黑果腺肋花楸提取物溶液(0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0mg/mL)混合,所有反应物均用磷酸盐缓冲液(0.2mol/L pH=7.4)溶解。氨基胍(AG,0.1mg/mL)溶液作为阳性对照,糖化蛋白溶液作为空白,置于37℃恒温培养箱中培养7d。
(3)牛血清蛋白-乙二醛反应体系的建立
1mL BSA溶液(20mg/mL),1mL乙二醛溶液(10mol/L)与1mL黑果腺肋花楸提取物溶液(0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0mg/mL)混合,所有反应物均用磷酸盐缓冲液(0.2mol/L pH=7.4)溶解。氨基胍(AG,0.1mg/mL)溶液作为阳性对照,糖化蛋白溶液作为空白,置于37℃恒温培养箱中培养7d。
(4)总AGEs的测定
7d后,吸取反应液1.5mL,在激发波长370nm,发射波长440nm的条件下测定荧光强度。按下式计算黑果腺肋花楸对AGEs的抑制率:
抑制率(%)=(F0-F)/F0×100%
注:F0为空白组荧光强度,F为有实验组荧光强度。
测定黑果腺肋花楸提取物在驼乳粉中对内源荧光性AGEs的抑制能力。称取1g驼乳粉,向乳粉中添加20mL的超纯水,玻璃棒搅拌至无颗粒。将盛有待测液的小烧杯进行高速分散(10000r/min,1min)。待破碎结束后,将待测液进行磁力搅拌(150r,30min)。将不同浓度黑果腺肋花楸提取物等体积加入到驼乳液中,混匀,置于100℃中水浴加热10min,置于37℃恒温培养箱中避光孵育7天,取出适量样品溶液,在激发波长370nm,发射波长440nm的条件下测定样品的荧光强度。按下式计算不同浓度的黑果腺肋花楸提取物对驼乳粉中内源荧光性AGEs的抑制率:
抑制率(%)=(F0-F)/F0×100%
测定黑果腺肋花楸提取物在驼乳粉中对外源荧光性AGEs的抑制能力。称取1g驼乳粉,向乳粉中添加20mL的超纯水,玻璃棒搅拌至无颗粒。将盛有待测液的小烧杯进行高速分散(10000r/min,1min)。待破碎结束后,将待测液进行磁力搅拌(150r,30min)。将不同浓度黑果腺肋花楸提取物等体积加入到驼乳液中,混匀,置于100℃中水浴加热60min,待溶液冷却后,取出适量样品溶液,在激发波长370nm,发射波长440nm的条件下测定样品的荧光强度。按下式计算不同浓度的黑果腺肋花楸提取物对驼乳粉中外源荧光性AGEs的抑制率:
抑制率(%)=(F0-F)/F0×100%
表1.黑果腺肋花楸提取物在不同糖化反应体系中对总荧光AGEs抑制率(%)
表2.黑果腺肋花楸提取物对内源、外源荧光性AGEs抑制率(%)
Claims (8)
1.黑果腺肋花楸提取物在制备抗糖化驼乳奶粉食品中的应用。
2.一种含黑果腺肋花楸提取物的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述驼乳奶粉包括黑果腺肋花楸提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:将黑果腺肋花楸果实打浆、过滤并收集滤液,加入70%的乙醇溶液,料液比为1:40g/mL,在45℃,超声频率为600W条件下,超声波辅助提取90min,以上操作重复若干次;冷却至室温后,过滤并收集滤液、蒸发、冻干,得到黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述黑果腺肋花楸提取物按下述方法制得:将成熟的黑果腺肋花楸果实,挑拣、清洗、打浆、过滤、收集滤液,加入70%的乙醇溶液,料液比为1:40g/mL,在45℃,超声频率为600W条件下,超声波辅助提取90min,以上操作重复三次;冷却至室温后,过滤,收集滤液,旋转蒸发,冻干成黑果腺肋花楸提取物粉末,收集置于-80℃冻存。
5.根据权利要求2所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述驼乳奶粉按质量份,由下述组分组成:脱脂驼乳奶粉30-40份,全脂驼乳奶粉10-20份,浓缩乳清蛋白粉10-20份,抗性糊精5-10份,赤藓糖醇1-5份,低聚果糖1-5份,黑果腺肋花楸提取物1-5份,营养物质2-8份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述驼乳奶粉按质量份,由下述组分组成:脱脂驼乳奶粉35份,全脂驼乳奶粉15份,浓缩乳清蛋白粉15份,抗性糊精8份,赤藓糖醇3份,低聚果糖3份,黑果腺肋花楸提取物5份,营养物质6份。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述奶粉中的营养物质按质量配比由下述营养组分组成:维生素A 0.1份,维生素D 0.02份,维生素E 0.15份,维生素B6 0.1份,维生素C1份,叶酸0.03份,碳酸钙3份,氧化镁1份,硫酸亚铁0.3份,氧化锌0.3份。
8.根据权利要求5所述的抗糖化驼乳奶粉,其特征在于:所述抗糖化驼乳奶粉按下述方法制得,
将原料分别加水溶解均匀,水溶比例1:15,按顺序依次送入高速剪切罐中混合;均质前先预热到60~65℃,均质压力为20~22Mpa,均质后经95~100℃灭菌4s,进行真空浓缩至混料乳体积的23~27%,奶中固形物质量分数在30~40%;在干燥塔内进行高压喷雾干燥,其进风温度设置为180~200℃,排风温度设置为70~80℃;将奶粉迅速降低至室温,即得成品奶粉。
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