CN115868396B - Ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts - Google Patents
Ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000005788 Fluxapyroxad Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- SXSGXWCSHSVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluxapyroxad Chemical compound FC(F)C1=NN(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1 SXSGXWCSHSVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000005863 Zoxamide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- SOUGWDPPRBKJEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dichloro-N-(1-chloro-3-methyl-2-oxopentan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzamide Chemical class ClCC(=O)C(C)(CC)NC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(C)C(Cl)=C1 SOUGWDPPRBKJEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005784 Fluoxastrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N fluoxastrobin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC=2C(=C(OC=3C(=CC=CC=3)Cl)N=CN=2)F)C=1C(=N/OC)\C1=NOCCO1 UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 10
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000233629 Phytophthora parasitica Species 0.000 description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000912 Macadamia tetraphylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001018 virulence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000233614 Phytophthora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233618 Phytophthora cinnamomi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, and particularly relates to an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein, the matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the proportion of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5: mixing the materials according to the mass ratio of 0.75-1.5; the bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by A and B; the auxiliary component is one or more selected from the group consisting of clay, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite; the fertilizer is selected from one or more of ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate. The macadimia nut seedling culture matrix can not only realize the seedling culture of the macadimia nuts, but also effectively prevent the macadimia nut seedlings from being infected by root rot, anthracnose, damping off, powdery mildew and the like, ensure the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings, and is favorable for the smooth development of the macadimia nut seedling culture work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, and particularly relates to an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts.
Background
The macadimia nut belongs to evergreen arbor fruit trees of the macadimia genus of the mountain dragon ophthalmology department, and the special nutritional value of the nut makes the macadimia nut become edible with quality and the like. In recent years, the Australian nut industry in Guangxi province has developed rapidly, and the planting area has exceeded 60 ten thousand acres.
In the macadimia nut planting process, seedling raising substrates are needed to be used for seedling raising. The seedling substrate is favorable for the development of seedling work by providing proper environment and nutrient components for the macadimia nut seedling. In the prior art, a plurality of seedling substrates exist, but most of the seedling substrates provide nutrition for germination and growth of seedling stage, and cannot prevent infection of pathogenic microorganisms corresponding to the seedling stage. In the actual seedling raising process, after the seedlings are infected by pathogenic microorganisms, the survival rate of the seedlings can be affected, the normal growth of the seedlings can be affected, and further the smooth development of seedling raising work can be affected.
Chinese patent CN201310029019.4 discloses a soilless plug seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seedling substrate comprises a substrate body and an additive, and 50% carbendazim and 65% zineb powder of pesticide components are added in the additive. The seedlings cultivated by the seedling culture matrix disclosed by the patent grow well, the seedling resistance is strong, and the occurrence rate of damping-off in the seedling stage is reduced by about 13-21%. The seedling substrate added with the pesticide components of carbendazim and zineb disclosed in the patent can be used for reducing the incidence rate of damping-off. At present, no report is known about the addition of the active ingredients of the bactericide which is formed by compounding the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and the fluxapyroxad activated ester or the zoxamide into the seedling substrate.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts, which not only can realize the seedling raising of the macadimia nuts, but also can effectively prevent pathogenic bacteria from infecting the macadimia nut seedlings, further ensures the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings and is beneficial to the smooth development of the seedling raising work of the macadimia nuts.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-95% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein,
The matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the proportion of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5: mixing the materials according to the mass ratio of 0.75-1.5;
The bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and fluxapyroxad activated ester or zoxamide; the auxiliary component is one or more selected from the group consisting of clay, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite;
The fertilizer is selected from one or more of ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate.
Preferably, the substrate is made of turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to 4:2:1:1 mass ratio.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine to the fluxapyroxad activated ester is 1-40:3-1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fluoxastrobin to the zoxamide is 1-10:25-1.
Preferably, the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite according to a weight ratio of 1:1 mass ratio.
Preferably, the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2 mass ratio.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the ecological seedling raising substrate for the macadimia nut, which comprises the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir to prepare the matrix;
S2, uniformly mixing the active ingredients and the auxiliary ingredients in a mixing kettle, crushing by a jet mill, and sieving to prepare the bactericide;
S3, uniformly mixing the matrix, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nut.
The invention also provides application of the ecological seedling raising substrate for the macadimia nuts in raising seedlings of the macadimia nuts and preventing and treating diseases of the macadimia nuts in the seedling stage.
Preferably, the macadimia nut seedling disease comprises root rot, anthracnose, damping off and powdery mildew.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The ecological seedling raising substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises a substrate body, a bactericide and a fertilizer, wherein the substrate body and the fertilizer can provide proper environment and nutrition for the seedling raising of the macadimia nuts, and the bactericide can effectively infect the seedling of the macadimia nuts by pathogenic bacteria such as root rot, anthracnose and damping off of the macadimia nuts, promote rooting and reduce leaf diseases. In conclusion, the ecological seedling raising substrate for the macadimia nuts can not only realize the seedling raising of the macadimia nuts, but also effectively prevent pathogenic bacteria from infecting the macadimia nut seedlings, further ensure the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings and facilitate the smooth development of the macadimia nut seedling raising work.
(2) When 2 active ingredients of the bactericide in the ecological seedling raising matrix of the macadimia nut are compounded, the synergistic effect is shown on inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as root rot of the macadimia nut, so that the control effect on the pathogenic bacteria can be improved, rooting is promoted, leaf diseases are reduced, the infection of the macadimia nut seedlings by the pathogenic bacteria is prevented, and the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings is ensured; meanwhile, the use amount of the bactericide is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The examples are described for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the claims.
Example 1: activity of Furazolesterol complex on root rot pathogen
1. Test strain: phytophthora camphorata (Phytophthora cinnamomi) is obtained from the root of affected macadimia nut seedlings, isolated in laboratory and stored on PDA medium.
2. Test agent
98% Of the original fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine (commercially available), 98% of the original fluxapyroxad activated ester (commercially available) and 97% of the original zoxamide (commercially available)
Dissolving the test agent with dimethyl sulfoxide, diluting with 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution to obtain single-agent mother solution, and setting multiple groups of ratios, wherein each single-agent and the ratio mixture have 5 mass concentration gradients according to an equal ratio method.
3. Test method
The hypha growth rate method is adopted. Adding 9mL of pre-melted PDA culture medium into a sterile conical flask, sequentially quantitatively sucking 1mL of liquid medicine from low concentration to high concentration, respectively adding into the conical flask, shaking uniformly, pouring into a culture dish with the diameter of 9cm, and preparing a medicine-containing flat plate with corresponding concentration; treatments without agent were also included as blank, and 10 replicates were set for each treatment. Cutting bacterial cakes at the edge of a bacterial colony of a tested bacterial strain by using a puncher with the diameter of 5mm, inoculating the bacterial colony to the centers of a medicine-containing flat plate and a blank control flat plate, covering a dish cover, placing the dish cover in a constant temperature oven at 28 ℃ for culture, measuring the bacterial colony diameter by using a crisscross method when the bacterial colony diameter of the blank control is 2/3 of the diameter of a culture dish, and calculating the inhibition rate of different treatments on hypha growth.
4. Data analysis: and (3) carrying out data statistical analysis by adopting DPS software, carrying out linear regression by taking the logarithmic value of the concentration of the bactericide as x and the corresponding value of the hypha growth inhibition rate as y to obtain a virulence regression equation and the virulence EC 50 value of the medicament on the target pathogen, and calculating a co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) according to the grand cloud Pei method.
5. Measurement results
The synergy of the agents was evaluated based on the calculated co-toxicity coefficient (CTC), CTC.ltoreq.80 being antagonism, CTC.ltoreq.120 being additive, CTC.ltoreq.120 being synergy, the results being shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 indoor biological Activity determination of fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and fluxapyroxad activated ester combination against Australian nut root rot pathogen
| Medicament name and ratio | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| Fluoxapyroxad hydroxylamine | 0.9441 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| Fluoazole activated esters | 4.8016 | 19.6622 | -- | -- |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: fluoxazole activated ester 3 | 1.8653 | 50.6138 | 39.7466 | 127.3412 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 1.1683 | 80.8097 | 59.8311 | 135.0631 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 3: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.9500 | 99.3789 | 79.9155 | 124.3550 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 5: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.5024 | 187.9180 | 86.6104 | 216.9694 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 10: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.2934 | 321.7791 | 92.6966 | 347.1317 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 20: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.7961 | 118.5906 | 96.1744 | 123.3079 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 30: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.3639 | 259.4394 | 97.4085 | 266.3418 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 40: fluoazole activated ester 1 | 0.5770 | 163.6222 | 98.0405 | 166.8924 |
As shown in Table 1, after the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and the fluxapyroxad activated ester are compounded, the mass ratio is 1-40: the co-toxicity coefficient of the macadimia nut root rot pathogen within the range of 3-1 is more than 120, and the synergistic effect is shown.
Table 2 indoor bioactivity assay of fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and zoxamide complex against macadimia nut root rot pathogen
| Medicament name and ratio | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| Fluoxapyroxad hydroxylamine | 0.9441 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| Zoxamide | 2.4263 | 38.9111 | -- | -- |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 25 | 1.6138 | 58.5017 | 41.2607 | 141.7856 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 20 | 1.0898 | 86.6306 | 41.8201 | 207.1506 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 10 | 0.6739 | 140.0950 | 44.4646 | 315.0705 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 5 | 0.2718 | 347.3510 | 49.0926 | 707.5427 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 3 | 0.4279 | 220.6357 | 54.1833 | 407.2022 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 1 | 0.8995 | 104.9583 | 69.4555 | 151.1158 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 3: zoxamide 1 | 0.4598 | 205.3284 | 84.7278 | 242.3390 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 5: zoxamide 1 | 0.6903 | 136.7666 | 89.8185 | 152.2700 |
| Fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine 10: zoxamide 1 | 0.7978 | 118.3379 | 94.4465 | 125.2963 |
As shown in table 2, after the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and zoxamide are compounded, the mass ratio is 1-10: the co-toxicity coefficient of the macadimia nut root rot pathogen within the range of 25-1 is more than 120, and the synergistic effect is shown.
In conclusion, when 2 active ingredients of the bactericide in the ecological seedling raising matrix of the macadimia nut are compounded, the synergistic effect is shown on inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as root rot of the macadimia nut, so that the control effect on the pathogenic bacteria can be improved, the infection of the macadimia nut seedlings by the pathogenic bacteria is prevented, and the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings is ensured.
Example 2
The ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix, 2% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein, the matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the following weight ratio of 4:2:1:1, mixing the materials according to the mass ratio; the bactericide consists of 33% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are composed of fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and fluxapyroxad activated ester according to the proportion of 10:1 by mass ratio; the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite according to the proportion of 1:1, mixing the materials according to the mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2 mass ratio.
The preparation method of the ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir to prepare the matrix;
S2, uniformly mixing the active ingredients and the auxiliary ingredients in a mixing kettle, crushing the mixture by a jet mill, and sieving the crushed mixture by a 30 mu m sieve to prepare the bactericide;
S3, uniformly mixing the matrix, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nut.
Example 3
The ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix, 2.5% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein, the matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the following weight ratio of 4:2:1:1, mixing the materials according to the mass ratio; the bactericide consists of 42% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients comprise fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and zoxamide according to the proportion of 1:5, compounding the materials according to the mass ratio; the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite according to the proportion of 1:1, mixing the materials according to the mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2 mass ratio.
The ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts is prepared in the same method as in the example 2.
Comparative example
The ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix and the balance of fertilizer; wherein, the matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the following weight ratio of 4:2:1:1, mixing the materials according to the mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2 mass ratio.
The ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts is prepared in the same method as in the example 2.
Example 4: seedling test
3 Seedling beds are arranged in the greenhouse and are respectively marked as an experiment group 1, an experiment group 2 and a control group, and seedling matrixes with the thickness of 8cm, namely example 1, example 2 and control example, are respectively paved on the seedling beds of the experiment group 1, the experiment group 2 and the control group correspondingly. 100 pieces of 'Nanya No. 3' macadamia nut seeds after germination accelerating are sown on each seedling bed, and the temperature of the seedling bed is controlled to be 26 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 68%. After 3 months, the emergence rate and the root rot occurrence rate of the macadimia nut seeds were counted, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different seedling substrates on macadamia nut seedling results
| Group of | Emergence rate (%) | Incidence of root rot (%) |
| Experiment group 1 | 95％ | 5.26％ |
| Experiment group 2 | 97％ | 7.22％ |
| Control group | 90％ | 46.67％ |
As is clear from Table 3, the seedling substrates of example 1, example 2 and comparative example were not very different in the emergence rate. However, the seedling substrates of examples 1 and 2 are effective in preventing infection by pathogenic bacteria to Australian seedlings.
In the case of counting the occurrence rate of root rot, the occurrence rate of root rot is not an integer because the post-emergence macadimia nut seedlings were investigated.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The ecological seedling substrate for the macadimia nut is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 85-95% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein,
The matrix body is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to the proportion of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5: mixing the materials according to the mass ratio of 0.75-1.5;
The bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine and fluxapyroxad activated ester or zoxamide; the auxiliary component is one or more selected from the group consisting of clay, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite;
the fertilizer is one or more selected from ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate;
wherein the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad hydroxylamine to the fluxad activated ester is 1-40:3-1;
The mass ratio of the fluoxastrobin to the zoxamide is 1-10:25-1.
2. The ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate body is made of turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk according to a ratio of 4:2:1:1 mass ratio.
3. The ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite according to a weight ratio of 1:1 mass ratio.
4. The ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate in a ratio of 1:3:2 mass ratio.
5. A method of preparing the ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir to prepare the matrix;
s2, uniformly mixing the active ingredients and the auxiliary ingredients in a mixing kettle, crushing by a jet mill, and sieving to prepare the bactericide;
And S3, uniformly mixing the matrix, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling raising matrix for the macadimia nut.
6. Use of the ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts according to any one of claims 1-4 for raising seedlings of macadimia nuts and controlling disease in the seedling stage of macadimia nuts.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the disease in the seedling stage of macadimia nuts comprises root rot, anthracnose, damping off and powdery mildew.
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