CN115486275A - Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate - Google Patents
Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115486275A CN115486275A CN202211431110.4A CN202211431110A CN115486275A CN 115486275 A CN115486275 A CN 115486275A CN 202211431110 A CN202211431110 A CN 202211431110A CN 115486275 A CN115486275 A CN 115486275A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- pomegranate
- nursery
- diluent
- tropical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/58—1,2-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention discloses a tropical soft seed pomegranate cutting seedling method, which belongs to the technical field of pomegranate cultivation and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cutting nursery preparation, cutting selection and pruning, cutting treatment and management after cutting, improves the original cutting seedling raising technology of the continental land, so that the cutting seedling raising of the soft seed pomegranate can be carried out in tropical high-temperature areas all the year round, the survival rate of the improved cutting seedling raising is close to 75% in summer of Hainan and close to 90% in winter of Hainan, and is improved by 50% -80% compared with the original cutting method of the continental land.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pomegranate cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for raising seedlings of tropical soft-seed pomegranates by cutting.
Background
Pomegranate is a deciduous fruit tree originating in western and western regions from iran to northern part of india and is one of the earliest domesticated fruit tree varieties of human beings. The domestic pomegranate planting areas mainly focus on the places such as Xinjiang leaf city, shaanxi Ling Tong, river nan spring Yang, anhui Huaiyuan, shandong jujube Zhuang, yunan Mongyi, jianshu and Sichuan Hui Lian, and the time of coming into the market is 7 months to 10 months. Pomegranate producing areas are mainly temperate and subtropical. The pomegranate is bred in a temperate zone and a subtropical zone by seed sowing, cuttage and grafting, wherein the cuttage survival rate is high and is nearly 90%, the operation is convenient, and the cost is low, so the cuttage is the most mainstream breeding mode of the pomegranate.
At present, no history of planting tropical soft-seed pomegranates and no seedling breeding and breeding technology of the tropical soft-seed pomegranates exist in China, and the traditional cutting seedling breeding mode is applied to breeding of the pomegranates in tropical regions and has the following problems:
1. the temperature in tropical regions is high, and branches are evergreen in four seasons, do not fall leaves and are not dormant, so that the branches usually shoot buds and grow leaves on the overground part and then take roots in cuttage. The shoots generally take 20 days for rooting, and the shoots can germinate long leaves by the nutrition of the shoots after being cut for 3 days, until the moisture and the nutrition of the shoots are completely absorbed by the tender leaves on the upper part of the ground, the root system is not formed, and the shoots are directly drained and die.
2. The evaporation capacity in tropical areas is large, the water loss of the cutting nursery land and the cutting branches is too fast, the soil is easy to dry, and the tender leaves of the branches are easy to dry, so that the survival rate of seedling culture is greatly influenced.
Through searching related patent documents, in the prior art, for example, the Chinese invention patent: a typical pomegranate cutting seedling raising method in a continental desert climate area/CN 201610774558.4, a method for quickly raising seedlings of pomegranate hard branches by cutting/CN 202111396312.5, a method for raising seedlings of pomegranate by cutting/CN 201611017188.6 and the like, the application scenes of the method are limited by temperate regions or subtropical regions, and the application scenes of the method are not described in tropical scenes.
Therefore, in tropical zone, especially in Hainan area, the propagation of pomegranate by using the cutting seedling method is the first case. Since Hainan is a tropical area, pomegranate does not fall leaves in four seasons and does not sleep. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the temperature of Hainan is too high, conventional cutting seedling raising can be carried out only at the lowest temperature in winter, the survival rate does not exceed 50%, the propagation speed of pomegranate seedlings is seriously affected, and therefore the original cutting seedling raising technology needs to be improved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a method for raising seedlings of pomegranate with soft seed in tropical zone by cutting, which realizes that the seedlings of pomegranate with soft seed can be raised in tropical zone at high temperature and effectively solves the defects of high cost, high difficulty and low survival rate of seedlings in tropical zone at high temperature.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cutting seedling raising method for tropical soft-seed pomegranates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as a nursery substrate, water-retaining agents are scattered on the clay, and the clay is uniformly mixed through a rotary cultivator, so that the condition that no massive structure exists in the land is ensured, the air and water are ventilated and permeated, certain water retention is realized, specifically, the water loss is mainly reduced, and meanwhile, the loose soil is favorable for seedling transplanting operation and root growth; ridging the nursery, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film is covered on the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge; the nursery garden is provided with a space 1 m above the ground a sun-shading device with a sun-shading rate of 70-80%;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm, the upper cut and the lower cut are different, the morphological upper end and the lower end of the cutting are conveniently distinguished, the lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut and is conveniently inserted, meanwhile, the root coarse surface is enabled to be larger, moisture and nutrition are conveniently absorbed, and the activity of the bud is ensured when the cutting is 3 centimeters away from the bud points;
(3) Cutting treatment
Placing the pruned cutting slips into a disinfection nutrient solution to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then taking out and airing; then brushing a wound healing protective agent on the cut at the upper end of the cutting shoot to reduce the water loss and the probability of disease invasion at the upper end of the branch; then, the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried in the air, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; then placing the dried cutting slips into a dry, ventilated and dark freezer for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the freezer is 10-15 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 70-80%;
(4) Cutting treatment
Before cutting, a nursery garden is watered thoroughly, then a hole is punched downwards on a reflective film by a 1.5cm thick stick, the hole penetrates 8cm deep into the ridge surface, then the cutting shoot is inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to enable the cutting shoot to be in close contact with the soil of the nursery garden without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting shoot;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, attention should be paid to the environment temperature and humidity and the soil humidity every day, the air temperature of the nursery is kept below 35 ℃, the air humidity is higher than 60%, and the soil humidity is controlled at 60%; sprouting in 7-10 days after cuttage and rooting in about 20 days, so that 12 days after cuttage, spraying first insect and disease prevention liquid medicine is needed, mainly preventing thrips aphid and brown spot in Hainan, providing root nutrition, and strengthening Miao Dimiao; and then spraying the pesticide once every 7 to 10 days.
The invention is further improved in that in the step (1), 500g of water-retaining agent is scattered on the average per mu of land in the preparation of the cutting nursery.
The invention has the further improvement that in the cutting treatment of the step (3), 20-30 cut cuttings are taken as a group, the cut cuttings are aligned and bundled at the upper ends and then are soaked in a disinfection nutrient solution, a plurality of cuttings can be soaked at one time, and the efficiency is improved.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step (3) of cutting treatment, the disinfection nutrient solution is a diluent of 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800 times, a diluent of 3 percent hymexazol 1000 times, a diluent of 70 percent imidacloprid 3000 times, and a diluent of maleic hydrazide 500ppm +45 percent amino acid raw powder 300 times.
The invention is further improved in that in the cutting treatment (3), the wound healing protective agent is a Guoguang healing agent.
The invention has the further improvement that in the cutting treatment (3), the rooting agent is 20% of 1000-time diluent of naphthylacetic acid, 40% of 1000-time diluent of indolebutyric acid and 6000-time diluent of vitamin B6.
In the further improvement of the invention, in the cutting treatment (4), the cutting density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, and the width of each row is 1.2m.
In the management after cuttage in the step (5), the temperature and humidity of the environment and the soil humidity can be monitored by using sensors after cuttage, the air temperature of a nursery can be controlled by adjusting a sun-shading device, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day to keep the soil humidity, and due to hot weather in Hainan, the air humidity can be properly cooled by spraying and supplemented when the weather is overheated in noon.
The invention has the further improvement that in the management after the cuttage in the step (5), the insect-preventing and disease-preventing liquid medicine is 0.0075% of 1000-time brassin diluent, 1000-time amino acid foliar fertilizer diluent, 70% of 1000-time thiophanate-methyl diluent, 2% of 1500-time matrine diluent and 5% of 2000-time spinosad diluent.
The invention is further improved in that in the (5) management after cuttage, the temperature of the overground part of the nursery is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the underground part is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cuttage seedling raising method for the tropical soft-seed pomegranate provided by the invention can be used for performing cuttage seedling raising of the soft-seed pomegranate in tropical high-temperature areas all the year round, and the added maleic hydrazide and refrigeration treatment can simulate continental climate, so that pomegranate cuttage branches can delay sprouting for 4-7 days in tropical areas such as Hainan and the like, and unnecessary nutrition consumption of the branches is reduced before the root systems of the branches are formed. And by the water-retaining agent and the reflective film, the method reduces water loss and weed growth of the nursery during seedling raising, and reduces the operation requirement of seedling raising. Finally, the survival rate of the improved cutting seedling is close to 75% in summer in Hainan and close to 90% in winter in Hainan, and is improved by 50% -80% compared with the original cutting method on land.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following specific examples:
example 1
A cutting seedling method of tropical soft-seed pomegranates comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as a nursery substrate, water-retaining agents are scattered on the sandy soil and 1 part of clay, 500g of water-retaining agents are scattered on each mu of land averagely and are uniformly mixed by a rotary cultivator, the condition that no massive structure exists in the land is ensured, aeration and water permeation are realized, certain water retention is realized, specifically, the water loss is mainly reduced, and meanwhile, loose soil is favorable for seedling transplanting operation and root system growth; ridging the nursery garden, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film covers the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge surface; a sun-shading device with the sun-shading rate of 70-80 percent is arranged on the nursery garden and is 1 meter away from the ground;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm, the upper cut and the lower cut are different, the morphological upper end and the lower end of the cutting are conveniently distinguished, the lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut and is conveniently inserted, meanwhile, the root coarse surface is enabled to be larger, moisture and nutrition are conveniently absorbed, and the activity of the bud is ensured when the cutting is 3 centimeters away from the bud points;
(3) Cutting treatment
Bundling 20-30 pruned cutting slips into a group with the upper ends aligned, placing the groups into a disinfection nutrient solution, soaking for 3 minutes, taking out and airing; the disinfection nutrient solution is a diluent of 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800 times, a diluent of 3 percent hymexazol 1000 times, a diluent of 70 percent imidacloprid 3000 times, a diluent of maleic hydrazide 500ppm +45 percent amino acid raw powder 300 times;
then brushing a wound healing protective agent on a cut at the upper end of the cutting to reduce the water loss and the probability of disease invasion at the upper end of the branch, wherein the wound healing protective agent can be a Guoguang healing agent;
then the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; the rooting agent is 20% naphthylacetic acid 1000 times diluent, 40% indolebutyric acid 1000 times diluent and vitamin B6 6000 times diluent;
then placing the dried cutting slips into a dry, ventilated and dark freezer for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the freezer is 10-15 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 70-80%;
(4) Cutting treatment
The cutting density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, the width of each row is 1.2m, before cutting, a nursery garden is watered thoroughly with water, then a hole is punched downwards on a reflective membrane by a 1.5cm thick stick and extends into the ridge surface by 8cm, then the cutting slips are inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to ensure that the cutting slips are in close contact with the soil of the nursery garden without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting slips;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the environment should be paid attention to each day, the air temperature of a nursery garden is controlled to be below 35 ℃ through a sun shading device, the air humidity is controlled to be higher than 60%, the soil humidity should be paid attention to each day, the soil humidity should be controlled to be 60%, a sensor can be used under certain conditions, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day, and the water can be sprayed properly for cooling when the weather is overheated in the noon;
controlling the temperature of the overground part of the nursery at 25-30 ℃ and the temperature of the underground part of the nursery at 20-25 ℃;
sprouting in 7-10 days after cuttage and rooting in about 20 days, so that 12 days after cuttage, spraying first insect and disease prevention liquid medicine is needed, mainly preventing thrips aphid and brown spot in Hainan, providing root nutrition, and strengthening Miao Dimiao; then spraying once every 7-10 days;
the insect-preventing and disease-preventing liquid medicine is 0.0075% of 1000-time diluent of brassin, 1000-time diluent of amino acid foliar fertilizer, 1000-time diluent of 70% thiophanate-methyl, 2% of 1500-time diluent of matrine and 2000-time diluent of 5% spinosad.
Example 2
A cutting seedling method of tropical soft seed pomegranate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as a nursery substrate, water-retaining agents are scattered on the sandy soil and 1 part of clay, 500g of water-retaining agents are scattered on each mu of land averagely and are uniformly mixed by a rotary cultivator, the condition that no massive structure exists in the land is ensured, aeration and water permeation are realized, certain water retention is realized, specifically, the water loss is mainly reduced, and meanwhile, loose soil is favorable for seedling transplanting operation and root system growth; ridging the nursery garden, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film covers the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge surface; a sun-shading device which is 1 meter away from the ground and has the sun-shading rate of 70-80 percent is arranged on the nursery;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm, the upper cut and the lower cut are different, the morphological upper end and the lower end of the cutting are conveniently distinguished, the lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut and is conveniently inserted, meanwhile, the root coarse surface is enabled to be larger, moisture and nutrition are conveniently absorbed, and the activity of the bud is ensured when the cutting is 3 centimeters away from the bud points;
(3) Cutting treatment
Bundling 20-30 pruned cutting slips into a group with the upper ends aligned, placing the groups into a disinfection nutrient solution, soaking for 3 minutes, taking out and airing; the disinfection nutrient solution is a diluent of 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800 times, a diluent of 3 percent hymexazol 1000 times, a diluent of 70 percent imidacloprid 3000 times and a diluent of 45 percent amino acid raw powder 300 times;
then brushing a wound healing protective agent on a cut at the upper end of the cutting to reduce the water loss and the probability of disease invasion at the upper end of the branch, wherein the wound healing protective agent can be a Guoguanyu healing agent;
then the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; the rooting agent is 20% naphthylacetic acid 1000 times diluent, 40% indolebutyric acid 1000 times diluent and vitamin B6 6000 times diluent;
then placing the dried cutting slips into a dry, ventilated and dark freezer for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the freezer is 10-15 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 70-80%;
(4) Cutting treatment
The cutting density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, the width of each row is 1.2m, before cutting, a nursery garden is watered thoroughly with water, then a hole is punched downwards on a reflective membrane by a 1.5cm thick stick and extends into the ridge surface by 8cm, then the cutting slips are inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to ensure that the cutting slips are in close contact with the soil of the nursery garden without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting slips;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the environment should be paid attention to each day, the air temperature of a nursery garden is controlled to be below 35 ℃ through a sun shading device, the air humidity is controlled to be higher than 60%, the soil humidity should be paid attention to each day, the soil humidity should be controlled to be 60%, a sensor can be used under certain conditions, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day, and the water can be sprayed properly for cooling when the weather is overheated in the noon;
controlling the temperature of the overground part of the nursery at 25-30 ℃ and the temperature of the underground part of the nursery at 20-25 ℃;
sprouting 7-10 days after cuttage, rooting about 20 days, so 12 days after cuttage need to spray first insect-proof and disease-preventing liquid medicine, mainly preventing thrips aphid and brown spot in Hainan, and providing root nutrition, strong Miao Dimiao; then spraying once every 7-10 days;
the insect-preventing and disease-preventing liquid medicine is 0.0075% of 1000-time diluent of brassin, 1000-time diluent of amino acid foliar fertilizer, 1000-time diluent of 70% thiophanate-methyl, 2% of 1500-time diluent of matrine and 2000-time diluent of 5% spinosad.
The main difference between the example 2 and the example 1 is that in the cutting treatment (3), 500ppm of maleic hydrazide is not added into the disinfection nutrient solution.
Example 3
A cutting seedling method of tropical soft seed pomegranate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as a nursery substrate, water-retaining agents are scattered on the sandy soil and 1 part of clay, 500g of water-retaining agents are scattered on each mu of land averagely and are uniformly mixed by a rotary cultivator, the condition that no massive structure exists in the land is ensured, aeration and water permeation are realized, certain water retention is realized, specifically, the water loss is mainly reduced, and meanwhile, loose soil is favorable for seedling transplanting operation and root system growth; ridging the nursery garden, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film covers the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge surface; a sun-shading device which is 1 meter away from the ground and has the sun-shading rate of 70-80 percent is arranged on the nursery;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm, the upper cut and the lower cut are different, the morphological upper end and the lower end of the cutting are conveniently distinguished, the lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut and is conveniently inserted, meanwhile, the root coarse surface is enabled to be larger, moisture and nutrition are conveniently absorbed, and the activity of the bud is ensured when the cutting is 3 centimeters away from the bud points;
(3) Cutting treatment
Bundling 20-30 pruned cutting slips into a group with the upper ends aligned, placing the groups into a disinfection nutrient solution, soaking for 3 minutes, taking out and airing; the disinfection nutrient solution is a diluent of 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800 times, a diluent of 3 percent hymexazol 1000 times, a diluent of 70 percent imidacloprid 3000 times, a diluent of maleic hydrazide 500ppm +45 percent amino acid raw powder 300 times;
then brushing a wound healing protective agent on a cut at the upper end of the cutting to reduce the water loss and the probability of disease invasion at the upper end of the branch, wherein the wound healing protective agent can be a Guoguang healing agent;
then, the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried in the air, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; the rooting agent is 20% naphthylacetic acid 1000 times diluent, 40% indolebutyric acid 1000 times diluent and vitamin B6 6000 times diluent;
(4) Cutting treatment
The cutting density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, the width of each row is 1.2m, before cutting, a nursery garden is watered thoroughly with water, then a hole is punched downwards on a reflective membrane by a 1.5cm thick stick and extends into the ridge surface by 8cm, then the cutting slips are inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to ensure that the cutting slips are in close contact with the soil of the nursery garden without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting slips;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the environment should be paid attention to each day, the air temperature of a nursery garden is controlled to be below 35 ℃ through a sun shading device, the air humidity is controlled to be higher than 60%, the soil humidity should be paid attention to each day, the soil humidity should be controlled to be 60%, a sensor can be used under certain conditions, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day, and the water can be sprayed properly for cooling when the weather is overheated in the noon;
controlling the temperature of the overground part of the nursery at 25-30 ℃ and the temperature of the underground part of the nursery at 20-25 ℃;
sprouting in 7-10 days after cuttage and rooting in about 20 days, so that 12 days after cuttage, spraying first insect and disease prevention liquid medicine is needed, mainly preventing thrips aphid and brown spot in Hainan, providing root nutrition, and strengthening Miao Dimiao; then spraying once every 7-10 days;
the insect-preventing and disease-preventing liquid medicine is 0.0075% of 1000-time brassin diluent, 1000-time amino acid foliar fertilizer diluent, 70% of 1000-time thiophanate-methyl diluent, 2% of 1500-time matrine diluent and 5% of 2000-time spinosad diluent.
The main difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that in the cutting treatment (3), the step of placing the dried cutting in a dry, ventilated and dark freezer for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the freezer is 10-15 ℃ and the ambient humidity is 70-80% is not carried out.
Example 4
A cutting seedling method of tropical soft seed pomegranate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as a nursery substrate, water-retaining agents are scattered on the sandy soil and 1 part of clay, 500g of water-retaining agents are scattered on each mu of land averagely and are uniformly mixed by a rotary cultivator, the condition that no massive structure exists in the land is ensured, aeration and water permeation are realized, certain water retention is realized, specifically, the water loss is mainly reduced, and meanwhile, loose soil is favorable for seedling transplanting operation and root system growth; ridging the nursery, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film is covered on the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge; a sun-shading device which is 1 meter away from the ground and has the sun-shading rate of 70-80 percent is arranged on the nursery;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm, the upper cut and the lower cut are different, the morphological upper end and the lower end of the cutting are conveniently distinguished, the lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut and is conveniently inserted, meanwhile, the root coarse surface is enabled to be larger, moisture and nutrition are conveniently absorbed, and the activity of the bud is ensured when the cutting is 3 centimeters away from the bud points;
(3) Cutting treatment
Bundling 20-30 pruned cutting slips into a group with the upper ends aligned, placing the groups into a disinfection nutrient solution, soaking for 3 minutes, taking out and airing; the disinfection nutrient solution is a diluent of 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800 times, a diluent of 3 percent hymexazol 1000 times, a diluent of 70 percent imidacloprid 3000 times and a diluent of 45 percent amino acid raw powder 300 times;
then brushing a wound healing protective agent on a cut at the upper end of the cutting to reduce the water loss and the probability of disease invasion at the upper end of the branch, wherein the wound healing protective agent can be a Guoguanyu healing agent;
then, the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried in the air, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; the rooting agent is 20% naphthylacetic acid 1000 times diluent, 40% indolebutyric acid 1000 times diluent and vitamin B6 6000 times diluent;
(4) Cutting treatment
The cutting density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, the width of each row is 1.2m, before cutting, a nursery garden is thoroughly watered with water, then a hole is downwards punctured on a reflective film by a 1.5cm thick stick and penetrates into the ridge surface for 8cm, then the cutting slips are inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to ensure that the cutting slips are in close contact with the nursery garden soil without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting slips;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the temperature and the humidity of the environment should be paid attention to each day, the air temperature of a nursery garden is controlled to be below 35 ℃ through a sun shading device, the air humidity is controlled to be higher than 60%, the soil humidity should be paid attention to each day, the soil humidity should be controlled to be 60%, a sensor can be used under certain conditions, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day, and the water can be sprayed properly for cooling when the weather is overheated in the noon;
controlling the temperature of the overground part of the nursery at 25-30 ℃ and the temperature of the underground part of the nursery at 20-25 ℃;
sprouting 7-10 days after cuttage, rooting about 20 days, so 12 days after cuttage need to spray first insect-proof and disease-preventing liquid medicine, mainly preventing thrips aphid and brown spot in Hainan, and providing root nutrition, strong Miao Dimiao; then spraying once every 7-10 days;
the insect-preventing and disease-preventing liquid medicine is 0.0075% of 1000-time brassin diluent, 1000-time amino acid foliar fertilizer diluent, 70% of 1000-time thiophanate-methyl diluent, 2% of 1500-time matrine diluent and 5% of 2000-time spinosad diluent.
The main difference between the example 4 and the example 1 is that (3) in the cutting treatment, 500ppm of maleic hydrazide is not added into the disinfection nutrient solution; and the step of placing the dried cutting slips in a dry, ventilated and dark-shaded freezer for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the freezer is 10-15 ℃ and the ambient humidity is 70-80 percent does not exist.
Comparative example:
the prior art scheme is as follows:
1. pomegranate tree cutting seedling time: the pomegranate seedlings are bred by cutting through lignified or semi-lignified green branches, and the best propagation is carried out in 6-7 months.
2. Selecting pomegranate branches: in the early morning or in the cloudy day without wind, from the excellent stock plant with more fruiting bodies, good quality and strong tree vigor, the robust green branches which are free from plant diseases and insect pests and are just lignified in the current year are cut, and the thickness is preferably 0.8-1.5 cm.
3. The processing method of the pomegranate branches comprises the following steps: cutting pomegranate branches into cutting slips of 15-20 cm. To prevent water evaporation, the upper part retains two leaves. Every hundred roots are bundled together, and the lower end of the cutting is immediately placed in 500 mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA) solution or soaked in 5% sucrose solution for 3 minutes.
Fourthly, the method comprises the following steps: the pomegranate branch cuttage method comprises the following steps: the cuttings soaked by the medicament are timely inserted into a seedbed which takes river sand as a substrate and is 120 cm wide. The cutting is obliquely inserted into the soil according to the plant row spacing of 10 cm multiplied by 30cm, and the upper end is exposed by 1/3.
5. Managing the pomegranate seedlings after cuttage: the pomegranate branches are sprayed with water after being inserted and shaded at the position 50-80 cm above the seedbed. After that, water is sprayed once in the morning and evening every day to maintain the soil humidity. After the cutting shoots root and new leaves begin to grow, the shed is gradually withdrawn.
Sixthly: management of pomegranate seedling stage: when the height of pomegranate seedlings is 2 cm, 5-7.5 kg of urea is applied to each mu of seedbed. Remove excessive sprouts in time and leave 1-2 new shoots. Loosening soil, weeding and accelerating the growth of nursery stock. And in 9 months, controlling nitrogen fertilizer, and additionally applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote the seedling branch tissue to mature and prevent excessive growth.
The survival rate of the comparative example is not more than 40% when the comparative example is applied to tropical regions in Hainan, and the propagation speed of pomegranate seedlings is seriously influenced.
The survival rates in winter and summer of the above examples and comparative examples are compared:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example | |
| Survival rate in summer | 75% | 40% | 56% | 16% | 12% |
| Survival rate in winter | 90% | 45% | 70% | 35% | 30% |
From the above table, it can be seen that: the survival rate of the pomegranate cutting slips can be maximized by adding maleic hydrazide and increasing low-temperature dark treatment; in contrast, the survival rate (germination rate) of example 3 is higher than that of example 2, indicating that the addition of maleic hydrazide is more important than the low-temperature dark treatment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A cutting seedling method of tropical soft seed pomegranate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of cutting nursery
3 parts of sandy soil and 1 part of clay are taken as nursery substrates, water-retaining agents are scattered on the clay, and the clay is uniformly stirred by a rotary cultivator, so that the condition that the soil has no massive structure, is ventilated and permeable, and has certain water retention is ensured; ridging the nursery garden, wherein each ridge is 1.3m wide and 20-30cm high, a reflective film covers the ridge surface, and drainage channels are arranged around the ridge surface; a sun-shading device which is 1 meter away from the ground and has the sun-shading rate of 70-80 percent is arranged on the nursery;
(2) Cutting selection and pruning
The scion stock tree is a pomegranate tree with a strong tree body, and annual lignified branches with the diameter of 0.8-1.5cm, good growth and no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cuttings; the collection length of the cutting is 15 +/-3 cm, at least 3 bud points are arranged on the cutting, all leaves and lateral branches on the cutting are cut off, the upper end of the cutting is cut horizontally, the lower end of the cutting is cut obliquely, and the distance between the cut of the upper end and the lower end of the cutting and the nearest bud point is 3cm;
(3) Cutting treatment
Placing the pruned cutting slips into a disinfection nutrient solution to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then taking out and airing; then brushing a wound healing protective agent on the cut at the upper end of the cutting; then, the lower end of the cutting is placed into a rooting agent to be soaked for 3 minutes, and then the cutting is taken out to be dried in the air, wherein the soaking depth is 3-5cm from the biological lower end; then placing the dried cutting slips into a refrigerator which is ventilated and dark in shade for 10-15 days, wherein the ambient temperature in the refrigerator is 10-15 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 70-80%;
(4) Cutting treatment
Before cutting, a nursery garden is watered thoroughly, then a hole is punched downwards on a reflective film by a 1.5cm thick stick, the hole penetrates 8cm deep into the ridge surface, then the cutting shoot is inserted into the hole, and the periphery is lightly pressed to enable the cutting shoot to be in close contact with the soil of the nursery garden without damaging the phloem at the lower end of the cutting shoot;
(5) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, attention should be paid to the environment temperature and humidity and the soil humidity every day, the air temperature of the nursery is kept below 35 ℃, the air humidity is higher than 60%, and the soil humidity is controlled at 60%; sprouting 7-10 days after cuttage and rooting about 20 days, so that 12 days after cuttage needs to be carried out and sprayed with a first insect and disease prevention liquid; and then spraying the pesticide once every 7 to 10 days.
2. The cutting seedling method of the tropical soft seed pomegranate according to claim 1, wherein 500g of water retention agent is scattered per mu of land in the cutting nursery preparation in the step (1).
3. The cutting seedling method of the pomegranate with tropical soft seeds according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), 20-30 cut slips are combined into a group, aligned at the upper ends, bundled and then soaked in a sterile nutrient solution.
4. The pomegranate cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3) of cutting shoot treatment, the disinfection nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass according to active ingredients: 70 percent thiophanate-methyl 800-fold diluent, 3 percent hymexazol-methyl 1000-fold diluent, 70 percent imidacloprid 3000-fold diluent, maleic hydrazide 500ppm +45 percent amino acid raw powder 300-fold diluent.
5. The cutting seedling method of the pomegranate with tropical soft seeds according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3) of cutting shoot treatment, a rooting agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% naphthylacetic acid 1000 times diluent, 40% indolebutyric acid 1000 times diluent and vitamin B6 6000 times diluent.
6. The cuttage propagation method for the pomegranate according to claim 1, wherein in the cuttage treatment (4), the cuttage density of the cutting slips is 25 x 15cm, and the width of each row is 1.2m.
7. The cutting seedling method of the tropical soft seed pomegranate according to claim 1, wherein in the (5) management after cutting, the temperature and humidity of the environment and the soil humidity can be monitored by using sensors after cutting, the air temperature of a nursery can be controlled by adjusting a sun-shading device, water is poured once in the morning and evening on a sunny day to maintain the soil humidity, and the tropical soft seed pomegranate can be properly sprayed to reduce the temperature and supplement the air humidity when the weather is overheated in the midday.
8. The cuttage seedling raising method for the pomegranate in the tropical soft seed according to claim 1, wherein in the management after the cuttage in the step (5), the insect and disease prevention liquid medicine comprises the following components in percentage by mass according to active ingredients: 0.0075% of brassin 1000-fold diluent, amino acid foliar fertilizer 1000-fold diluent, 70% of thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold diluent, 2% of matrine 1500-fold diluent and 5% of spinosad 2000-fold diluent.
9. The cutting seedling method of the pomegranate, namely the tropical soft seed pomegranate, according to claim 1, wherein in the (5) post-cutting management, the temperature of the overground part of a nursery is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the temperature of the underground part of the nursery is controlled to be 20-25 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211431110.4A CN115486275B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211431110.4A CN115486275B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115486275A true CN115486275A (en) | 2022-12-20 |
| CN115486275B CN115486275B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
Family
ID=85115870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211431110.4A Active CN115486275B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115486275B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2088769A1 (en) * | 1995-02-20 | 1996-09-01 | Garcia Jose Moises Fernandez | Process for manufacturing a container based on the fruit of the pomegranate tree |
| CN104081973A (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2014-10-08 | 周口职业技术学院 | Experimental research method for promoting rooting of pomegranate |
| CN106007965A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 合肥信文农业科技有限公司 | Complex bacterium fermentation substrate for improving transplanting survival rate of soft-seeded pomegranate young seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN106535636A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-03-22 | 先正达参股股份有限公司 | Fungicidal compositions |
| CN106922469A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 保山市美景园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of drought resisting planting method of nursery stock |
| CN107371976A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖浪尖山生态林业有限公司 | A kind of high-yield disease resisting implantation methods of pomegranate |
| CN109220273A (en) * | 2018-08-04 | 2019-01-18 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of the soft seed pomegranate in Tunisia |
| CN109463196A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-15 | 云南畦信农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soft young pomegranate high yield cultivating method in Tunisia |
| CN112119826A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-25 | 河南农业大学 | Winter planting method for Tuniss soft-seed pomegranate |
-
2022
- 2022-11-16 CN CN202211431110.4A patent/CN115486275B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2088769A1 (en) * | 1995-02-20 | 1996-09-01 | Garcia Jose Moises Fernandez | Process for manufacturing a container based on the fruit of the pomegranate tree |
| CN104081973A (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2014-10-08 | 周口职业技术学院 | Experimental research method for promoting rooting of pomegranate |
| CN106535636A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-03-22 | 先正达参股股份有限公司 | Fungicidal compositions |
| CN106007965A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 合肥信文农业科技有限公司 | Complex bacterium fermentation substrate for improving transplanting survival rate of soft-seeded pomegranate young seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN106922469A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 保山市美景园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of drought resisting planting method of nursery stock |
| CN107371976A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-24 | 芜湖浪尖山生态林业有限公司 | A kind of high-yield disease resisting implantation methods of pomegranate |
| CN109220273A (en) * | 2018-08-04 | 2019-01-18 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of the soft seed pomegranate in Tunisia |
| CN109463196A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-15 | 云南畦信农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soft young pomegranate high yield cultivating method in Tunisia |
| CN112119826A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-25 | 河南农业大学 | Winter planting method for Tuniss soft-seed pomegranate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙仕涛和吴愉敬: "花石榴硬枝扦插技术要点", 《河北果树》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115486275B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109429853B (en) | Kiwi fruit green branch cutting seedling method | |
| CN110915600B (en) | Crop rotation cultivation mode for cut oriental lily and alfalfa | |
| CN108713435A (en) | A kind of cultural method of organic tea | |
| CN111011019A (en) | Grape grafting and seedling method | |
| CN117099617B (en) | Method for efficiently planting leymus chinensis artificial grassland in northern agriculture and animal husbandry staggered area | |
| CN112005822B (en) | Breeding method of crocus sativus seedballs | |
| CN107333550B (en) | Marsdenia tenacissima seed seedling growing method | |
| CN114145202B (en) | Cassava cultivation method | |
| CN109769566A (en) | A kind of Chinese toon dwarfing high-density planting methods | |
| CN111133945B (en) | High-benefit intercropping cultivation method for apricot trees in sandy soil barren land | |
| CN115486275B (en) | Cutting seedling method for tropical soft seed pomegranate | |
| CN112106601B (en) | Method for interplanting green manure in coastal saline-alkali soil orchard | |
| CN110024631B (en) | Method for reducing morbidity of verticillium wilt of facility continuous cropping eggplant | |
| CN108934830B (en) | No-tillage cultivation method for cucumber in stubble replacement | |
| CN108738767B (en) | Seedling culture method for rapid seedling formation of abandoned tea tree branches | |
| CN108401821B (en) | High-latitude cold-region potato and rice double-season continuous cropping planting method | |
| CN112314374A (en) | Method for cultivating early-maturing asparagus bean variety in coastal region of south China in open field in winter and spring | |
| CN112021061A (en) | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method of ginkgo biloba for low hilly land leaves | |
| CN110972867A (en) | Method for cultivating high-yield and high-disease-resistance new species of konjac | |
| CN104705014A (en) | Planting method of disease-resistant sweet potatoes | |
| CN113973600B (en) | Method for grafting and cultivating pecan with xylem bud by taking square bark | |
| CN103004438A (en) | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN113475324B (en) | Excellent planting method for mesona chinensis benth | |
| CN102057850B (en) | Quick method for orchard establishment by current-year direct seeding grafting of pistachio | |
| CN106922473B (en) | Method for cultivating seedlings of zingiber officinale roscoe |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |