CN110972867A - Method for cultivating high-yield and high-disease-resistance new species of konjac - Google Patents
Method for cultivating high-yield and high-disease-resistance new species of konjac Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972867A CN110972867A CN201911351745.1A CN201911351745A CN110972867A CN 110972867 A CN110972867 A CN 110972867A CN 201911351745 A CN201911351745 A CN 201911351745A CN 110972867 A CN110972867 A CN 110972867A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating a novel high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjac variety, which comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting land: selecting land which is leeward and sunny, high and dry in terrain, good in drainage and close to a water source, and drawing a seed site as required; step 2, soil preparation: the land preparation step is as follows: one week before sowing, deeply ploughing and completing the compartment, dividing the compartment by 50-60cm of ridge distance, forming a ditch in the center of the compartment surface, wherein the depth of the ditch is 15-20cm, the width of the ditch is 35-40cm, then burying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, then adding a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer, then covering soil and ridging, wherein the ridge height is 20-30cm, and sowing in double rows; step 3, selecting seeds; step 4, sowing treatment; step 5, planting; and 6, fertilizing management. According to the invention, by adopting the scientific and effective konjak cultivation method, the acre yield of the konjak can be improved, and meanwhile, the disease resistance of the konjak can be improved, so that the economic benefit of konjak planting is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of konjak cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of a high-yield and high-disease-resistance new variety of konjak.
Background
The konjak is a general name of konjak in the genus of Araceae, belongs to yam crops in cultivation science, is warm and moist, has the optimum temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the optimum temperature of 25 ℃, and has the optimum relative humidity of 80-90%, namely the konjak is a place which is warm and moist and is uncomfortable to heat and dry due to long-term preference. Konjak has been cultivated and utilized in China as early as 3000 years ago, and konjak resources are abundant in hilly areas, large mountainous areas of Qinling mountains, Sichuan basins, Yunobu plateaus, Yunnan and Taiwan in southern provinces of China. It is recorded earlier in ancient books of Ben Cao Tu Jing and Ben Cao gang mu, etc., and it is indicated for carbuncle, sore and sore with moderate nature and mild taste, and it can resolve swelling and toxicity when entering into kiln.
However, the existing konjak cultivation method is simple, the cultivated konjak has low yield per mu and poor disease resistance, and therefore, the economic benefit of konjak planting is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that the cultivation method of the konjak in the prior art is simpler, the cultivated konjak has lower acre yield and poorer disease resistance, and provides a cultivation method of a new high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjak variety.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating a new high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjac variety comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting land: selecting land which is leeward and sunny, high and dry in terrain, good in drainage and close to a water source, and drawing a seed site as required;
step 2, soil preparation: the land preparation step is as follows: one week before sowing, deeply ploughing and completing the compartment, dividing the compartment by 50-60cm of ridge distance, forming a ditch in the center of the compartment surface, wherein the depth of the ditch is 15-20cm, the width of the ditch is 35-40cm, then burying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, then adding a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer, then covering soil and ridging, wherein the ridge height is 20-30cm, and sowing in double rows;
and step 3, selecting seeds: selecting rhizoma Amorphophalli with smooth surface, thin skin, no scab, no mechanical injury, and no cold injury as seedling, cleaning, soaking in disinfectant for 8-10min, taking out, soaking in clear water for 3-4 hr, and taking out;
step 4, sowing treatment: cutting seed stems into blocks before sowing, wherein each block has at least one bud point, soaking or spraying the cut with a bactericide aqueous solution which is diluted by 600-fold and 900-fold with water, or smearing plant ash or quicklime on the cut for disinfection;
step 5, field planting: at least one strong seedling is reserved for each seed stem, redundant tender shoots are removed, the seeding density is controlled to be 4000-;
step 6, fertilization management: spraying herbicide diluted by 500-700 times with water for the initial sowing of the konjak or before the emergence of seedlings in the second year; after seedlings are completely emerged, weeds around the stump are pulled out by hands, weeds which are 15cm away from the stump and in ditches are prevented and removed by using 14% quizalofop-p-ethyl spray, but the weeds cannot be sprayed on stem leaves of the konjak.
Preferably, in the step 1, spraying 800 times of solution of potassium permanganate 600-.
Preferably, in the step 2, the optimum ridge distance is 55cm, the ridge depth is 18cm, the ridge width is 38cm, the ridge height is 25cm, and the optimum organic fertilizer is decomposed pig manure, cattle manure or vegetable cake.
Preferably, the step 3 selects the weather with sufficient illumination, sun seeds are planted for 2-3d, the seedlings are laid flat and placed in a dark room, and the humidity of the seedling skins is kept by spraying water during the period, and the seedlings are placed for 4-6 d.
Preferably, the solution of the bactericide diluted to 500 times of 300-.
Preferably, in the step 6, the herbicide can be used at a place which is 15-20cm away from the root of the konjak, and the herbicide cannot be sprayed on stems and leaves of the konjak when being sprayed.
Preferably, in the step 6, a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied when the konjac germinates, but the compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied when the konjac germinates in the late february and the early trimester after the germination, and the foliar fertilizer can be supplemented once according to the growth condition of the plant in the early trimester after the germination, or the foliar fertilizer can not be supplemented.
Preferably, in step 6: when konjak sprouts after planting, compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied among plants; opening holes between plants in the late February and the early third month after germination, and applying a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate; in the last ten days of the third month after germination, foliar fertilizer can be supplemented once, and then fertilization is not needed.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, by adopting the scientific and effective konjak cultivation method, the acre yield of the konjak can be improved, and meanwhile, the disease resistance of the konjak can be improved, so that the economic benefit of konjak planting is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example 1:
a method for cultivating a new high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjac variety comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting land: selecting land which is leeward and sunny, high and dry in terrain, good in drainage and close to a water source, and drawing a seed site as required;
step 2, soil preparation: the land preparation step is as follows: one week before sowing, deeply ploughing and completing the compartment, dividing the compartment by 50-60cm of ridge distance, forming a ditch in the center of the compartment surface, wherein the depth of the ditch is 15-20cm, the width of the ditch is 35-40cm, then burying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, then adding a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer, then covering soil and ridging, wherein the ridge height is 20-30cm, and sowing in double rows;
and step 3, selecting seeds: selecting rhizoma Amorphophalli with smooth surface, thin skin, no scab, no mechanical injury, and no cold injury as seedling, cleaning, soaking in disinfectant for 8-10min, taking out, soaking in clear water for 3-4 hr, and taking out;
step 4, sowing treatment: cutting seed stems into blocks before sowing, wherein each block has at least one bud point, soaking or spraying the cut with a bactericide aqueous solution which is diluted by 600-fold and 900-fold with water, or smearing plant ash or quicklime on the cut for disinfection;
step 5, field planting: at least one strong seedling is reserved for each seed stem, redundant tender shoots are removed, the seeding density is controlled to be 4000-;
step 6, fertilization management: spraying herbicide diluted by 500-700 times with water for the initial sowing of the konjak or before the emergence of seedlings in the second year; after seedlings are completely emerged, weeds around the stump are pulled out by hands, weeds which are 15cm away from the stump and in ditches are prevented and removed by using 14% quizalofop-p-ethyl spray, but the weeds cannot be sprayed on stem leaves of the konjak.
Example 2:
a method for cultivating a new high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjac variety comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting land: selecting land which is leeward and sunny, has high and dry terrain and good drainage and is close to a water source, drawing a seed site as required, spraying the seed site with 800 times of liquid of potassium permanganate 600-;
step 2, soil preparation: the land preparation step is as follows: one week before sowing, deeply ploughing and completing the compartment, dividing the compartment by 55cm of ridge distance, enabling the depth of a ditch to be 18cm, enabling the width of the ditch to be 38cm, enabling the height of the ridge to be 25cm, enabling the best organic fertilizer to be decomposed pig manure or cow manure or vegetable cake, burying the organic fertilizer in the ditch, then adding a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer, then covering soil and ridging, enabling the height of the ridge to be 20-30cm, and carrying out double-row hole sowing;
and step 3, selecting seeds: selecting konjak with smooth surface, thin surface, no scab, no mechanical damage and no frostbite as a seedling, cleaning, soaking for 8-10min with a disinfectant, taking out, soaking in clear water for 3-4h, taking out, selecting weather with sufficient illumination, sun-drying for 2-3d, spreading the seedling in a dark room, keeping the humidity of the surface of the seedling by means of water spraying during the period, and placing for 4-6 d;
step 4, sowing treatment: cutting the seed stem into pieces before sowing, wherein each piece has at least one bud point, soaking or spraying the cut in a bactericide aqueous solution which is diluted by 600-;
step 5, field planting: at least one strong seedling is reserved for each seed stem, redundant tender shoots are removed, the seeding density is controlled to be 4000-;
step 6, fertilization management: spraying herbicide diluted by 500-700 times with water for the initial sowing of the konjak or before the emergence of seedlings in the second year; after seedlings are completely grown, weeds around the root of the konjak plant are pulled out by hands, weeds which are 15cm away from the root of the konjak plant and in a ditch are prevented and removed by using 14% quizalofop-p-ethyl spray, but the weeds cannot be sprayed on stems and leaves of the konjak, a herbicide can be used at a place 15-20cm away from the root of the konjak plant, the herbicide cannot be sprayed on the stems and leaves of the konjak when the herbicide is sprayed, and a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied among the plants when the konjak sprouts after planting; opening holes between plants in the late February and the early third month after germination, and applying a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate; in the last ten days of the third month after germination, foliar fertilizer can be supplemented once, and then fertilization is not needed.
According to the invention, the acre yield of the konjak can be improved and the disease resistance of the konjak can be improved through a scientific and effective konjak cultivation method, so that the economic benefit of konjak planting is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for cultivating a new high-yield and high-disease-resistance konjac variety is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting land: selecting land which is leeward and sunny, high and dry in terrain, good in drainage and close to a water source, and drawing a seed site as required;
step 2, soil preparation: the land preparation step is as follows: one week before sowing, deeply ploughing and completing the compartment, dividing the compartment by 50-60cm of ridge distance, forming a ditch in the center of the compartment surface, wherein the depth of the ditch is 15-20cm, the width of the ditch is 35-40cm, then burying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, then adding a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer, then covering soil and ridging, wherein the ridge height is 20-30cm, and sowing in double rows;
and step 3, selecting seeds: selecting rhizoma Amorphophalli with smooth surface, thin skin, no scab, no mechanical injury, and no cold injury as seedling, cleaning, soaking in disinfectant for 8-10min, taking out, soaking in clear water for 3-4 hr, and taking out;
step 4, sowing treatment: cutting seed stems into blocks before sowing, wherein each block has at least one bud point, soaking or spraying the cut with a bactericide aqueous solution which is diluted by 600-fold and 900-fold with water, or smearing plant ash or quicklime on the cut for disinfection;
step 5, field planting: at least one strong seedling is reserved for each seed stem, redundant tender shoots are removed, the seeding density is controlled to be 4000-;
step 6, fertilization management: spraying herbicide diluted by 500-700 times with water for the initial sowing of the konjak or before the emergence of seedlings in the second year; after seedlings are completely emerged, weeds around the stump are pulled out by hands, weeds which are 15cm away from the stump and in ditches are prevented and removed by using 14% quizalofop-p-ethyl spray, but the weeds cannot be sprayed on stem leaves of the konjak.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the seed site is sprayed with a solution of about 800 times of potassium permanganate 600-.
3. The method for cultivating a new variety of konjac with high yield and high disease resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the optimum is compartment distance of 55cm, furrow depth of 18cm, furrow width of 38cm, furrow height of 25cm, and the optimum organic fertilizer is decomposed pig manure or cow manure or vegetable cake.
4. The method for cultivating a new variety of konjak with high yield and high disease resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, a day with sufficient illumination is selected for sunning for 2-3 days, the seedlings are laid flat in a dark room, and during the period, the humidity of the surface of the seedlings is maintained by spraying water, and the seedlings are placed for 4-6 days.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solution of the bactericide diluted to 500 times of 300 times with water in step 4 is used to sterilize the incision of the seed stem, or the incision can be directly sterilized with plant ash or quicklime.
6. The method for cultivating a new variety of konjak with high yield and high disease resistance according to claim 1, wherein an herbicide is used in a place other than 15-20cm from the root of the konjak in step 6, and the herbicide is not sprayed onto the stem and leaves of konjak when sprayed.
7. The method for cultivating a new variety of konjak with high yield and high disease resistance according to claim 1, wherein in step 6, a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied when konjak sprouts, but a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied in the second late february and the first early trimester after sprouting, and foliar fertilizers can be added once or not according to the growth conditions of plants in the first late trimester after sprouting.
8. The method for cultivating a new variety of konjak with high yield and high disease resistance according to claim 1, wherein in step 6: when konjak sprouts after planting, compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate is applied among plants; opening holes between plants in the late February and the early third month after germination, and applying a compound fertilizer mainly containing potassium sulfate; in the last ten days of the third month after germination, foliar fertilizer can be supplemented once, and then fertilization is not needed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115226576A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-25 | 巴中市巴州区农业技术推广中心 | Interplanting planting method for snakegourd fruit and konjac |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115226576A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-25 | 巴中市巴州区农业技术推广中心 | Interplanting planting method for snakegourd fruit and konjac |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |