CN115413575B

CN115413575B - Cross-genus cross breeding method for new variety of plant of boysenia koala

Info

Publication number: CN115413575B
Application number: CN202211224375.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾永华; 全大治; 黄胜男; 吉旸; 陈梅香; 宋正达
Original assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 2022-10-09
Filing date: 2022-10-09
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-09
Also published as: CN115413575A

Abstract

The invention provides a cross-genus crossbreeding method for a new variety of a boysenia kosher plant, and belongs to the technical field of crossbreeding. The breeding method comprises the following steps: the new hybrid variety combines the excellent characteristics of both the female parent and the male parent, has the appearance of red claws of the bear boy and the characteristic that the drunk oblique yang turns red in autumn, winter and spring leaves, and simultaneously has the characteristics that the high temperature resistance is increased by 3-4 ℃ compared with the female parent and the low temperature resistance is reduced by 2-3 ℃ compared with the female parent.

Description

Cross-genus cross breeding method for new variety of plant of boysenia koala

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cross breeding, and particularly relates to a cross-genus cross breeding method for a new variety of a boysenna plant.

Background

Succulent plants (succulent or succulent) refer to those plants in which a part of the vegetative organs of the plant, such as the stem, leaves or roots (of a few species) has developed parenchyma to store water and appear hypertrophied and juicy in appearance. With the improvement of living standard of substances, people pursue more and more good things. Succulent plants are popular with people all over the world due to the characteristics of small size, exquisite posture, scoopability in bud state and the like.

The leaf flesh of the silver brocade belongs to the crassulaceae, changes color due to temperature change, leaves of the silver brocade become green and tender when the ambient temperature is above 15 ℃, and the silver brocade is added with a milky leaf margin and is popular with people, and when the ambient temperature is below 10 ℃, the leaves of the silver brocade can have silver gray powder, and the milky leaf margin can change into pink, so that the silver brocade is more attractive. Among them, the leaf end teeth of the seed of ludwigia ursinus (cottledon tomyosa harv.) in the genus of ludwigia are reddish brown like the sole of a little bear, blossoming from late summer to autumn, and inflorescence in a general pattern, yellow flowers, which is extremely lovely.

The plant of genus Cynomorium, belonging to Crassulaceae, also called genus Desmodium, is a perennial herb of a genus of Crassulaceae. The genus Dracaena contains more than about 200 primitive species, and more hybrids and cultivars. Compared with other sedum such as echeveria, sedum and the like, the appearance of the cibotium plant is more varied, the flower color of a plurality of cibotium plants is very gorgeous, and the spherical inflorescence attracts attention. Wherein, the drunk oblique positive (Crassula atropurpurea var. Watermeyeri) is a perennial fleshy herbaceous plant, the plant grows in clusters, has small branches, the stem is fleshy and semi-lignification, the edge of the leaf can be reddish brown and cluster inflorescence in late autumn and early spring when the temperature difference is large, the flower is white, and the plant is opened in 4-5 months.

In the prior art, cross-genus hybridization research on polyporus plants of the genus Bombarus and the genus Cynomorium is less, and a cross breeding method of the Ursoli and the Zuiyan is not recorded.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a cross-genus cross breeding method for a new variety of plant of young bear, which combines the excellent properties of both parents and parents by hybridizing young bear of genus lonicera and drunk cynomorium of genus ciosiphon.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a cross-genus cross-breeding method for a new variety of a plant of the young bear, which takes the young bear of the genus Bolbophyllum as a female parent and takes the drunk oblique positive of the genus Clonopsis as a male parent, carries out artificial cross-genus cross-breeding to produce a new hybrid variety.

Preferably, the growth temperature of female parent bear boy in winter is controlled to be above 15 ℃, and ultraviolet lamp irradiation is increased for 2h every day.

Preferably, the artificial cross genus hybridization comprises: bagging before the first flower of the male parent and the female parent bloom, collecting pollen of the male parent when the first flower of the female parent blooms, pollinating for 2 times every day, and pollinating for 2-3 days continuously.

More preferably, the first pollination is carried out at 9-10 and the second pollination is carried out at 15-16.

Preferably, the method also comprises the steps of harvesting, sowing and seedling management of the seeds of the new hybrid variety.

More preferably, after the hybrid seeds are ripe, the hybrid seeds are harvested and stored at a low temperature, and a seedling substrate is sown in the middle 3 months of the next year.

More preferably, the seedling substrate is divided into two layers, the thickness of the lower substrate is 5-8cm, and the weight ratio of peat: volcanic rock: vermiculite =8-12, upper substrate particle diameter 0.3-0.7mm, thickness 0.4-0.6cm, fine peat: fine sand = 8-12.

More preferably, after sowing, the temperature is controlled at 12-15 ℃ at night and 20-23 ℃ during the day, and the substrate is kept moist.

More preferably, the management of growing seedlings comprises: after seedling emergence, water is sprayed for 1 time every day, and a sunshade net is covered in summer to keep ventilation.

More preferably, the water spraying is performed in the morning; the shading rate of the sunshade net is 75-85%; the ventilation volume is 2-3 levels.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a cross-genus cross breeding method of a new plant variety of a boysenna fargesii, and discloses a cross breeding technical system for breeding a new hybrid variety between the boysenna fargesii of the genus Bolbophyllum and the drunk Cynanchum oblique yang for the first time. The male and female hybrid new species of male and female boys of bear are combined with the excellent characters of the male and female parents, not only have the appearance of red claws of the male and female boys of bear, but also have the characteristic that the leaves of drunk oblique yang turn red in autumn, winter and spring, and simultaneously, the high temperature resistance is increased by 3-4 ℃ compared with the female parent, and the low temperature resistance is 2-3 ℃ lower than that of the female parent.

Drawings

FIG. 1: a. female parent of boys of bear; b. male parent drunk diagonally yang;

FIG. 2: male parent and female parent of Ursizi and male parent of Zui Chongyang;

FIG. 3: male parent of bear boy and male parent of liquor-drunk hybrid.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a cross-genus hybrid breeding method for a new variety of a plant of a boy of a bear, which takes a boy of a bear of a silver Bobrocade as a female parent and takes drunk Cynomorium of a green chain dragon as a male parent to carry out artificial cross-genus hybridization to generate a new hybrid variety.

In the invention, the female parent of the bear boy is preferably a 5-6 year pot-planted seedling, the male parent of the drunk oblique yang is preferably a 5-6 pot-planted seedling, and the male parent of the female parent is further preferably healthy and strong and has no plant diseases and insect pests. The preferred number ratio of father and mother strains is 1:1.

the florescence of the boys of the bear is 7-9 months, and the florescence of the drunk oblique yang is 4-5 months. In order to advance the flowering period of the female parent, namely the bear boy, and lead the male parent and the female parent to flower simultaneously, the growth temperature of the female parent, namely the bear boy, is controlled to be more than 15 ℃ in winter, and 2h of ultraviolet lamp irradiation is increased every day.

The boys of panda and the drunk oblique yang are all cross-pollinated plants. Preferred artificial cross-genus crosses of the present invention include: bagging the male parent and the female parent before the first flower is opened, collecting pollen of the male parent when the first flower of the female parent is opened, pollinating for 2 times every day, and pollinating for 2-3 days continuously; further preferably pollinating for 1 time at 9-10 am and pollinating for 1 time at 15-16 pm; more preferably, every subsequent flower is pollinated according to the method.

The breeding method preferably further comprises the steps of harvesting seeds of the new hybrid variety, sowing and seedling management.

Male female parent of bear boy and male parent of liquor-drunk oblique male the fruit typically ripens after one month. According to the invention, after the hybrid seeds are mature, the hybrid seeds are collected and stored at low temperature, and further preferably stored at 0-5 ℃, and a seedling culture substrate is sowed in the middle 3 months of the next year; more preferably, when the seeds are harvested, the mature hybrid fruits are sun-dried for one week, and the seeds are removed and stored.

The seedling culture substrate is preferably divided into two layers, the thickness of the lower substrate is 5-8cm, the further preferable thickness is 6-7cm, and the seedling culture substrate is prepared from peat: volcanic rock: vermiculite =8-12 (volume ratio) composition, further preferably 10; the upper layer substrate has a diameter of 0.3 to 0.7mm, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6mm, more preferably 0.5mm, a thickness of 0.4 to 0.6cm, more preferably 0.5cm, and a thickness of 0.3 to 0.7mm, and is prepared from fine peat: fine sand =8-12 (volume ratio) composition, further preferably 10. The male parent of the male bear is multiplied by the male parent of the liquor-loving and the female parent of the liquor-loving, the traditional substrate is not good for the seedling emergence, the seedling raising substrate is divided into two layers, and the upper layer consists of the substrate with the small grain diameter of 0.4-0.6mm, which is beneficial to the seeding and the seedling emergence of the hybrid seeds.

In the present invention, after sowing, the temperature at night is preferably controlled to be 12 to 15 ℃, more preferably 13 to 14 ℃, and the temperature during the day is controlled to be 20 to 23 ℃, more preferably 21 to 22 ℃, and the substrate is kept wet, more preferably the moisture content is 60%. Managing according to the above conditions, and germinating after 7-10 days of hybrid seeds.

According to the invention, after seedling emergence is preferably carried out, water is sprayed for 1 time every day, and a sunshade net is covered in summer to keep ventilation; further preferably, the water spraying is performed in the morning, and more preferably, the water is sprayed for 1 time at 8 am; the shading rate of the sunshade net is 75-85%, and more preferably 80%; the ventilation volume is 2-3 levels. As one possible implementation, the ventilation environment is ensured by the arrangement of a miniature ceiling fan.

The transplanting is preferably carried out in the beginning of 9 months, as an implementation mode, the transplanting is carried out by adopting flowerpots with the diameter of 7cm and the depth of 7cm, and the transplanting medium is formed by peat: volcanic rock: vermiculite = 8-12.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Crossbreeding of the Hylocereus kombuci and the Zuohuan Zuohongyang.

Crossbreeding is carried out by taking the boy of the bear of the genus Bolbophyllum as a female parent (figure 1 a) and taking the drunk Syzygium of the genus Clonopsis as a male parent (figure 1 b). In 12 months in 2020, a plant research institute (Nanjing Zhongshan botanical garden) of Chinese academy of sciences of Jiangsu province is equipped with a greenhouse to plant 5-6 years old boys of Ursida with strong growth and no plant diseases and insect pests, and the plantlets are placed in a control greenhouse, the lowest temperature is controlled to be above 15 ℃ at night, and the illumination is increased by 2 hours every day by using an ultraviolet lamp. Ultraviolet lamp irradiation is canceled in early trimester, normal illumination is recovered, bagging is carried out within one week before blossoming of female parent and male parent in 4-5 months, when one flower of female parent, namely, the bear boy' 33488is opened, pollen drunk by the male parent and pollinated at 9-10 am and 3-4 pm, the first flower is pollinated for three consecutive days at the same time, and the pollination of other flowers is the same. One month later, collecting mature fruits of female parent of bear and male parent of liquor-soaked male parent of Cynanchum Otophyllum (figure 2), sun drying, taking out mature seeds, packaging into a low bag, and storing at 0-5 deg.C. Seeding the substrate, namely seeding the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the upper substrate consists of fine peat and fine sand according to a volume ratio of 10, the diameters of the fine peat and the fine sand are 0.5mm, the lower substrate consists of inlet peat, volcanic rock and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 10. Sowing is carried out in the early three months of the next year, the sowing substrate is kept moist, the temperature is controlled to be 12-15 ℃ at night and 20-23 ℃ in the day, and seedlings can emerge after one week. After seedling emergence, spraying water at eight points in the morning every day, shading the sun with an 80% shading net in summer, opening a micro fan, enabling the air volume to be 2-3 grade, transplanting the seedlings in flowerpots with the diameter of 7cm multiplied by the depth of 7cm in the beginning of September, and enabling the volume ratio of a culture medium to be as follows, wherein the input peat is. New hybrid varieties of boys of bear were produced (fig. 3).

The product has the appearance of red claw of boy bear, and the characteristic of reddening leaf of drunk oblique yang in autumn, winter and spring, and has the advantages of increased high temperature resistance by 3-4 deg.C and low temperature resistance 2-3 deg.C lower than that of mother parent.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-genus cross-breeding method of a new plant variety of a young bear is characterized in that the young bear of the genus Bolbophyllum is taken as a female parent, and the drunk Cynanchum oblique yang of the genus Clycnopharum is taken as a male parent to carry out artificial cross-genus cross-breeding to generate a new hybrid variety; the growth temperature of female parent bear boys is controlled to be above 15 ℃ in winter, and ultraviolet lamp irradiation is increased for 2h every day.

2. The cross-genus cross-breeding method of claim 1, wherein the artificial cross-genus cross-breeding comprises: bagging before the first flower of the male parent and the female parent bloom, collecting pollen of the male parent when the first flower of the female parent blooms, pollinating for 2 times every day, and pollinating for 2-3 days continuously.

3. A cross-genus cross-breeding method according to claim 2, wherein the first pollination is carried out at 9-10 and the second pollination is carried out at 15-16.

4. The cross-genus cross breeding method of claim 1, further comprising harvesting, sowing and management of seedlings of seeds of a new hybrid variety.

5. The cross-genus cross breeding method according to claim 4, wherein the seeds are harvested and stored at low temperature after they are mature, and a seedling substrate is sown in the middle 3 months of the next year.

6. The cross-genus cross breeding method of claim 5, wherein the seedling substrate is divided into two layers, the thickness of the lower substrate is 5-8cm, peat: volcanic rock: vermiculite =8-12, upper substrate particle diameter 0.3-0.7mm, thickness 0.4-0.6cm, fine peat: fine sand = 8-12.

7. A cross-genus cross breeding method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein after sowing, the temperature at night is controlled to be 12-15 ℃ and the temperature at day is controlled to be 20-23 ℃ and the substrate is kept wet.

8. The cross-genus cross breeding method according to claim 4, wherein the management of seedling comprises: after seedling emergence, water is sprayed for 1 time every day, and a sunshade net is covered in summer to keep ventilation.

9. The cross-genus cross breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the water spraying is performed in the morning; the shading rate of the sunshade net is 75-85%; the ventilation quantity is 2-3 grades.