CN1152898A - 多层容器 - Google Patents

多层容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1152898A
CN1152898A CN95193933A CN95193933A CN1152898A CN 1152898 A CN1152898 A CN 1152898A CN 95193933 A CN95193933 A CN 95193933A CN 95193933 A CN95193933 A CN 95193933A CN 1152898 A CN1152898 A CN 1152898A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thickness
internal layer
container
preformed part
technology
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Granted
Application number
CN95193933A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN1059168C (zh
Inventor
威廉·A·斯拉特
理查德·C·达尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plastipak Packaging Inc
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Plastipak Packaging Inc
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Publication of CN1152898A publication Critical patent/CN1152898A/zh
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Publication of CN1059168C publication Critical patent/CN1059168C/zh
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    • B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
    • B65D23/02—Linings or internal coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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Abstract

一种用于成型多层容器的挤压成型的多层预制件(10)，它包括一具有可构成容器一上部的有第一厚度的上部(12)，一可构成该容器一中间体部分的有大于第一厚度的第二厚度的中间部分(14)，以及可构成容器的一基部的有大于第二厚度的第三厚度。预制件的各部分可较佳地由一内层和一隔层形成，其中各层是双挤压成型，以形成预制件和注模成型的外层。在一个实施例中，内层包括一叠置在隔层和外层的顶边上的唇边。然后通过吹模成型预制件而制成一多层容器。

Description

多层容器
技术背景
本发明涉及容器和容器预制件，具体地涉及到多层容器及容器预制件。
多层容器一般都由各层不同材料制成的，其中各种材料都有特殊的特性以使该层具有特殊的功能。这些多层容器可用以下所述的各种设备和方法制成。
例如，美国专利第4,471,936号揭示了一种用于多层聚酯瓶的叠层式预制件。在加工此预制件时，工艺包括对具有主要由对苯二甲酸乙二酯单元构成的聚酯材料制成的内层和外层、以及由设置在内层和外层之间的隔氧树脂材料制成的中间层的管子进行双挤压。在每相邻的两层之间设置胶合树脂也是较佳的。多层管各层的厚度是一致的。成型预制件的工艺包括通过接触水使熔态多层管的外部冷却，同时向管子内部引入惰性气体来冷却内部。然后将管子拉制成一多层的拉制瓶。揭示在美国专利第4,741,936号中的这种多层瓶，虽然包括具有不同功能的不同特性的多层，但没有揭示可使瓶上所需部分和所选层上的厚度变化的工艺或设备。因此，瓶各个部分的厚度受到与其它部分厚度相同的限制，从而降低了容器的利用率。
美国专利第4,646,925号揭示了一种用于拉制瓶子的多层预制件，该瓶是注模成型的。这种预制件包括具有一开口的颈部和一用来与盖体配合的部分。它还包括拉制成的厚桶部分和一封闭底部，其中颈部和底部及桶部的内壁是由热塑聚酯制成一整体的。由隔气热塑树脂构成的薄中间层形成在桶和底部的内壁上，这样中间层的顶端延伸到正好在颈部下方的一点上。热塑聚酯的外层是以这样一种位置上的关系形成的，这样外层盖住中间层。一接缝直接形成在外层和颈部之间的中间层上正好在颈部的下方。由于该预制件是由注模成型，厚度的变化直接取决于模具的形状。因此，不能够形成一特殊的厚度设计，除非制作一个新的模具，从而便于不同的功能减少了厚度变化的自由度。因为容器的不同部分起到不同的作用，因此经常需要根据其功能改变容器壁上特殊部分的厚度。例如，当容器的一个部分用来支撑整体容器时，为了增加强度就要有较厚的壁厚。然而，这种附加的厚度在容器的其它部分上并不需要，例如侧壁上，由于在材料使用时所要求的柔软性、透明和效率这些因素，不需要这附加厚度。因此，不论是单层还是多层容器，经常都希望改变容器不同部位上的各层的厚度。
美国专利第3,869,056号揭示了一种多层的中空塑料容器。所揭示的这种容器具有一热塑材料制成的内层和模压成的外层。该容器还有一整体式的开口颈部或一肋部，其中，颈部和肋部的层厚大于容器其余部分层厚。在容器的上端，容器的内层叠置在颈部或肋部处的容器外层上。虽然该专利揭示的容器在颈部具有相对容器其余部分而言的可变化的厚度，但这种可变的厚度不应用到其它部分。
因此，在容器制造领域中需要一种预制件和容器，该容器由多层材料制成，其中，各层可发生高精度的厚度变化，以适应于容器特殊部位的功能，以及需要一种制造这种容器的工艺。
发明概述
本发明的一个基本目的在于提供一种预制件和容器，及其制造工艺，这种预制件和容器由多层构成，其中至少一层在容器的不同部分具有可变化的厚度。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种预制件及制造该预制件和制造极易再循环的容器的工艺。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种预制件和容器，及其成型工艺，这种预制件和容器具有多层，其中内层因材料节省的目的厚度最小，但为了实现不同的功能在容器的不同部位的厚度可以变化。
本发明的又一个目的在于提供一种多层预制件和容器，及其制造工艺，其中各层都有特殊功能，例如一隔离层、一物品接触层和一外层。
前述的目的是由本发明的用来成型多层容器的多层预制件、及其成型工艺实现的，其中该预制件包括一拉伸的内层，该内层包括一用于成型容器的上部的第一厚度的上部。内层还包括一挤压的中间层，该中间层具有比第一厚度厚的第二厚度。该中间层靠近上部，并且用来成型容器的中间部分。内层还包括一挤压的基部，该基部有大于第二厚度的第三厚度。该基部靠近中间部分，并且用来成型容器的基部。该预制件还包括一注模的外层。在一个实施例中，该预制件包括一材料隔离层，其中隔层和内层是双挤压形成的。在一个实施例中，内层包括一唇边，它叠置在隔层和外层顶端。
成型多层预制件的工艺包括提供一具有材料厚度调节装置的挤压装置；藉由该挤压装置至少挤压第一层材料，并成型一构成腔室的预制件内衬；藉由厚度调节装置在沿着预制件的长度方向挤压的步骤中充分地改变内衬的厚度。该工艺还可包括将该预制件内衬插入一注模中；并且注模成型靠近第一层的另一材料层，形成预制件的外壁。该工艺还可包括调节材料厚度调节装置的步骤，以获得上部的第一宽度；调节材料厚度调节装置以获得中间部分的第二宽度，其中第二宽度大于第一宽度；以及调节材料厚度调节装置以获得基部的第三宽度，其中第三宽度大于第二宽度。
由上述预制件成型的容器包括由至少材料的一内层和一外层制成的一上壁部分，其中内材料层在上壁部分具有第一厚度。该容器还包括由至少材料的内层和外层成型的一中间壁部分。材料的内层在中间壁部分具有第二厚度，它比上壁部分的第一厚度薄，中间壁部分靠近上壁部分。该容器还包括一有支脚的基壁部分，它至少由材料的内层和外层成型。材料的内层在基壁部分的第三厚度厚于中间壁部分的第二厚度，并且基壁部分靠近中间壁部分，并用来支撑容器。
用来成型容器的工艺除了包括以上所述的成型预制件的步骤外，还包括在挤压预制件的过程中或紧随其后，将预制件进行吹模成型。其后，预制件成型为吹模的形状，而形成容器的形状。最终，形成一具有可变厚度的内壁的多层容器。本发明的具体内容将揭示在以下的描述和附图中，其中相同的标号指示相同的部分。
附图的简述
图1是根据本发明原理的预制件的侧视图。
图1a、1b和1c是图1所示的预制件的不同区域的放大横截面图，示出了预制件的不同区域之间的层厚的相对变化。
图1d是根据本发明原理的图1所示的预制件的顶端的放大横截面图。
图2a和2b是根据本发明原理、成型预制件的工艺的简化示意图，示出了挤压步骤、吹模步骤、切割步骤和注模步骤。
图3是在如图2所示的挤压、吹模和切割加工步骤后形成的一预制件内衬的纵向截面图。
图4是根据本发明原理和图2所示加工步骤制成的容器的侧视图。
图4a、4b和4c是容器的各个区域的放大横截面图，示出了形成该容器的各层的相对厚度。
图5是将预制件吹模成容器的侧视图。
较佳实施例的详细描述
现请参见各图，其中相同的标号和字母指示相同的部分，图1中所示为根据本发明原理的一预制件的侧视图，由标号10指出。该预制件10一般包括一制有螺纹和凸缘的上部12、一有角度的中间部分14、一垂直中间部分16和基部18。在如图1所示的结构中，根据本发明原理，预制件10将用来吹模成一容器(如图4所示的)。
现请参见图1a，预制件10较佳地是由三层材料形成，一环状内层20、一环状隔层22和一环状外层24。如图1a-1c所示的，内层的厚度根据预制件10的具体部位而变化。在这种三层的实施例中，隔层22和外层24基本上在预制件10的整体上分别保持恒定的厚度AA和BB。外层24在有螺纹和凸缘的上部12处改变厚度。内层20的厚度改变取决于瓶的部位，例如，有螺纹和凸缘的上部12、有角度和垂直的中间部分14和16和基部18。
内层20和隔层22较佳地是由下文所述的挤压工艺挤压而成，并且外层24通过一注模成型工艺形成在挤压层上，该注模加工可形成螺纹带部12。由于挤压工艺，内层20可根据预制件10和容器的各部分所起的作用可控制地调节厚度。
由于多种因素，需要内层20的厚度有所变化，它包括从美观、有效地利用材料、降低成本以及强度变化的要求。有效地利用材料明显之处是在上部12的内层20，在该处内层20最薄。考虑强度明显之处是在基部18，在该处需要辅助支撑，因而内层20最厚。
现参见图1a-1c，图中分别表示图1中的区域1a、1b和1c的放大详细图，内层20较佳地由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate PET))或萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene naphthalate(PEN))。如果许可FDA用作内部保护接触层的话，PEN是一种优选材料。隔层22较佳地由PEN、萨冉树脂和乙烯乙烯基醇共聚物(EVOH)或丙烯腈共聚物，如Barex 210制成。通常商业意义上所使用的名词萨冉是例如通过聚合亚乙烯基氯(vinylidene chloride)和氯乙烯(vinyl chloride)或丙烯酸甲酯(methyl actylate)而成的聚合物。众所周知也可包括其它的单体。亚乙烯基氯聚合物是最常用的，但众所周知其它的隔氧材料也可使用。
如图1a所示的，内层20在中间部位上的厚度用CC指出。厚度CC相对上部和基部而言是中间厚度。在中间部分14和16处，采用中间厚度层是因为预制件壁的这一部分将用作容器，而不是用作支撑。现参见图1b，所示的用作基部18的内层20的厚度为DD。该厚度DD大于厚度CC，其中厚度DD在厚度CC上增加将近25-50％。较大的厚度DD较佳地用作基部18，基部18用来支撑由预制件10制成的容器(如图4所示的)。基部18形成一带支脚的支撑(如图4所示)，因此较厚以承受容器和其中物品的重量。参见图1c，所示的内层20直至到达预制件10的带螺纹上部 2厚度都为CC。在上螺纹部分12，内层20的厚度EE小于厚度CC，大约小于厚度CC的25-50％。由于在上螺纹部分12处不需要保护层或其它支撑，所以在该处的厚度较佳地为EE，它可节省材料。
在图1a-1c中，所示的隔离层22和外层24分别具有恒定的厚度AA和BB。由于隔层22与内层是双挤压的，所以隔层厚度也可以改变。然而，这一般并不需要，因为隔层22仅作为一物质隔离层而不是作为一支撑装置，所以均匀的隔层厚度就足以起到一隔层的作用，而不管其它层的厚度是多大。外层24的厚度BB由一注模所决定(如图2b中示意地示出)，并且一般在整个预制件10上具有均匀的厚度。外层24一般用来从结构上改变预制件，如形成封盖的螺纹、接着是容器体(如图4所示)以及还可从美观的角度出发在容器上添上色彩或标志。
图1d中示出了预制件10的上螺纹部分12的放大横截面图。从预制件10的顶部开口端26中可见，内层20包括基本上相对内层20的其它部分横向延伸的唇边28，它分别伸到隔层22和外层24的顶边30和32上。唇边的形状和其相对隔层22和外层24的关系由下文所讨论的工艺所形成，即，挤压和注模步骤的混合。唇边28用来保持内层20，仅作为接触容器(如图4所示)中所装的物品的那一层，即使在将物品从容器中取出时，例如倒出时也如此。
现参见图2a和2b，以下对形成预制件10的工艺进行描述。在形成预制件10时，内层20，以及可能采用的隔层22(见图1)藉由挤压机33和挤压头34挤压而成。因此，熔融材料36可形成一基本上圆柱体件37，以用来形成预制件10的圆柱壁。为了改变预制件10的上、中和基部的厚度，与挤压头34一起使用一熔融材料厚度调节装置38。该调节装置38较佳地呈一往复运动的模具销杆形状，并且与通过模具衬套42的熔融材料36的出口40靠近。通过使模具销杆38往复运动，可获得构成圆柱体件37的壁厚、特别是其内层20(见图1)。然而，根据挤压机34的设计，隔离层22(见图1)还可与内层20一起双挤压，并且沿着形成预制件10的部位的厚度可变，以便有效地利用形成隔离层的材料。另外，模具衬套42可以在基本上与熔融流横向的方向上调节，以使内层20厚度在圆周方向不一致。即，内层20位于相同圆周线上的部位具有不同的厚度。
作为圆柱体件37，挤出挤压头34的挤出物具有连续长度。因此，圆柱体件37必须切成适于形成一具体尺寸的容器的长度。这种切割可由挤压头34之后的吹模过程中的一切割设备(未示)进行。
如前结合图1d所讨论的，预制件10的内层20有一唇边28，它伸到外层24和隔层22上(如果有的话)。藉由挤压机33(虚线示出)和挤压头34以及从吹模50排出之后接着圆柱体件37的修整的混合作用而形成唇边28。如图2b所示，修整是藉由一切割设备46进行的。
通过控制模销杆38往复运动，并在模具衬套42中移动且移出出口40，圆柱体37的厚度可以沿其长度方向改变，以获得如前所述的厚度比例。如图2b所示的，圆柱体件37被引出挤压头34，并被引入一吹模52，在那儿藉由吹模50的形状在其上形成一圆周向的隆起48。虽然在吹模50中，圆柱体37是藉由吹模成(如图2b所示的)模制件49而制成的。然而模制件49还可以由一吹模形成，这样该件由头尾相连的两层构成，并且中间具有隆起48。具有适当厚度的模制件49然后冷却到一合适温度，并从吹模机52的吹模中排出。在吹模过程中，模制件49的端部都被封住而产生多余的塑料55。另外，部分57伸出将形成的预制件53的长度外，并有助于切割模制件49以形成隆起48。在随后的用来形成预制件衬53的切割操作中，利用切割设备46从模制件49上修整掉多余材料55和部分57。通过将顶部57从模制件49上切除，在随后的注模成型过程中，形成在将成型的外层上延伸的唇边28。
在藉由吹模机52使衬层53成型为如图3所示的形状之后，衬层53移到一注模机54中(如图2b虚线所示的)，该注模机具有一注模56以在衬层53上形成外层24(见图1)。因此，注模56呈如图1中所示的预制件10的形状。注模机54将外层24注入在衬层53上，以完成预制件的制造。如上所讨论的，用来形成外层24的熔融材料较佳地为再循环的PET，并且便于成形为美观的外观，如色彩和表面设计，以及便于形成为功能特点，如螺纹和凸缘。然而，如上所述的，除了上螺纹部分12之外，由注模机54形成的外层24的厚度保持均匀的厚度BB(见图1)。通过使这一厚度保持均匀，预制件可较容易地从注模56上卸去。
现参见图4，所示的容器58藉由吹模操作而由预制件10制成，这将在下文中讨论。与预制件相同，容器58包括一上螺纹部分60、一有角度的中间部分62、一基本垂直的中间部分64和一带支脚的基部66。如图4a所示的，容器58还包括由就图1中所示的预制件10所讨论的材料制成的三个材料层，然而特性不同、相对厚度不同。
参见图4a-4c，图中分别示出了图4中的区域4a，4b和4c的放大详细图，容器58包括内层68、隔层70和外层72。因为内层68不是吹模成容器形状的(如下文所讨论的)，容器不同部分之间的厚度比例不同于上文所讨论的预制件10(见图1)的内层20。图4a、4b和4c对应于预制件的图1a、1b和1c，厚度A-E对应于厚度AA-EE。如图4a所示的，内层68分别在有角度的垂直中间部分62和64处有厚度C。厚度C相对其它部分的厚度是最薄的。参见图4b，内层68有一厚度D，比支脚部分66的厚度C要厚，以便加强容器58的这支撑区域。基部66的内壁的厚度D一般基本上等于上螺纹部分60的厚度E。然而，这种关系可根据、至少部分地根据容器的尺寸而改变，它可使厚度D比厚度E厚或薄。在带支脚的基部66，内层68形成为多个圆周向设置的支脚74，其功能是将容器58坚固地立在一平面上。支脚74圆周向绕容器58的底端76延伸。各个支脚74由在其各个垂直边上的凹槽构成，其各自从容器58的底部的中心区域向上伸长、在容器58的的圆周上向上伸到容器58的顶部78。由于形成支脚基部66的内层68的厚度增加了，支脚74基本上比中间部分62和64坚固和缺少柔性。
现参见图4c，在上螺纹部分60，直接对应于预制件10(见图1)的上螺纹部分12，内层68厚度为E，它比中间部分的厚度C要厚，因为它不是吹模成型的。如以上预制件10所讨论的那样，以及如图1d所示的，在顶端78，内层68包括唇边28，它伸到再循环的外层72上，以避免再循环的外层72与从容器58出来的物品接触。这已经就预制件10以及其制造工艺作了很详细的描述。
容器58的多层设计有助于体现方便再循环的工作。特别地，构成容器58的各层通过将它们拉开而极易分离，因此可以适当地分开以便于再循环。即，当某一层材料不能再循环时，它不会影响到另一层的再循环。当使用一种以上的材料时，如果各层确实不能分离，那么各种材料不能被分离、且不能适当分类，容器的再循环可能是很困难的。由于本文所述的多层设计可达到分离和分类的效果，同时还可以对材料的厚度实现控制。
现参见图5，以下将描述形成容器58(见图4)的工艺。形成容器58的工艺包括如上所述的形成预制件10的工艺。另外，再参见图1和2，在外层24藉由注模机52加到衬层53上之后，形成预制件10，接着从注模54中移出。在移出之后，将预制件10放入吹模80，如图5所示。在将预制件10放入吹模80之前，必须加热该预制件。如果预制件10立即从注模机52移出，并放入吹模机82中(如图5虚线所示的)，预制件10可以充分地加热。否则，预制件10应在放入吹模80之前放入一加热器(未示)。现参见图5，预制件10被放入吹模80，并且藉由与上螺纹部分12的配合而固定于其中。一旦放妥预制件，就用吹模机82将预制件10吹制成容器58的形状(见图4)，如图5中虚线所示的。在吹模过程中，预制件由预制件的上部12固定在吹模中，并且在形成容器的过程中，保持不受对预制件的其它部分吹模的影响。一旦预制件10成形为容器，就打开吹模80，移出制成的容器58(如图4所示的)。
参见图1-5，对于预制件10和容器58，以及成型上述预制件和容器的每一个工艺而言，也可用两层来代替三层。在此例中，一般的隔层22和70都不用，并且衬层53仅由一层内层20形成。在此例中，用与上述相同的工艺将外层24注模成型在内层20上。藉由吹模方式将预制件10成型为容器的步骤也与上述相同。另外，对于内层20和内层70的厚度，为以上所述，宁愿采用各部分之间的相同的相对厚度。
参见上述的成型预制件10和容器58的工艺，这些工艺可结合成一个工艺，并且该工艺可自动化，它将包括方便地实现上述的各个步骤的多个互连的工位。这可参考美国专利第5,244,610和5,240,718号，其中揭示了轮式的塑料吹模机，可将预制件挤压和预制件吹模成型的步骤结合起来。这些专利都已转让和属于本申请的受让人，并且其中所述的模制设备也用于本发明。
本发明的一个基本优点在于提供了由多层构成的预制件、容器和使其成型的工艺，其中至少一层在对应于预制件和容器的不同功能的不同部位的厚度已经变化。本发明的另一个优点在于提供了用来形成极易再循环的容器的预制件和其成型工艺。本发明又一个优点在于提供了具有多层的预制件和容器，其中内层为了实现不同功能在容器的不同部位上的厚度可以变化。本发明的再一个优点在于提供一种多层预制件和容器，其中各层都有一特殊的功能，如一隔层、一物品接触层和一美观/功能性的外层。
显然，根据本发明提供的多层容器和预制件完全能满足前文中提出的目的、意义和优点。虽然结合本发明的具体实施例对本发明作了描述，但显然对于本技术领域中的有经验的人们而言，在前述的范围中还可作出多种变型、改变和变化。因此，所有这些变型、改变和变化都将落在本文所附的权利要求书中的范围中。

Claims (29)

1.一种用于吹模成型容器的多层预制件，它包括：
形成腔室的一挤压成型的环状内层(20)，它包括：
具有第一厚度并用来形成容器的一上部的一上部(12)；
具有比第一厚度厚的第二厚度的一中间部分(14，16)，其中所述中间部分大致邻近所述上部并且用来形成容器的一中间部分；以及
具有比第二厚度厚的第三厚度的一基部(18)，其中所述基部大致邻近该中间层，并用来形成容器的一基部；以及
大致邻近所述内层的一注模成型的外层(24)。
2.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述预制件还包括由位于所述内、外层之间的材料的一挤压成的隔层(22)，其中所述隔层与所述内层双挤压成型。
3.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述内层和外层都有一顶边(28，32)，并且所述内层的顶边叠置在所述外层的顶边上。
4.如权利要求3所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述内层(28)的顶边大致与形成内层的部分成横向延伸，并且叠在外层的顶边(32)上。
5.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述外层(24)由再循环塑料制成，内层(20)由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制成。
6.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述预制件包括由乙烯乙烯基醇共聚物制成的隔层(22)。
7.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述注模成型的外层(24)包括靠近内层的上部的上螺纹部分(12)。
8.如权利要求1所述的预制件，其特征在于，所述外层(24)具有色彩的。
9.一种用来成型具有一定长度的、并且沿着长度方向厚度不同的多层预制件的工艺，包括的步骤有：
提供具有一材料厚度调节装置(38)的一挤压装置(33)；
藉由所述挤压装置挤压具有至少一材料内层(20)的一预制件衬层(37)；
在挤压过程中藉由厚度调节装置沿着预制件衬层长度方向上改变内层的厚度；以及
靠近所述内层注模成型一材料的外层(24)。
10.如权利要求9所述的工艺，其特征在于，还包括藉由一吹模机(52)将预制件衬层(37)制成预制件形状的步骤。
11.如权利要求9所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述的挤压步骤还包括靠近所述内层(20)对材料的隔层(22)进行双挤压步骤。
12.如权利要求9所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述预制件衬层有第一端部和一周边，所述工艺还包括在第一端部上形成一唇边(28)，其中所述唇边伸出衬层的周边。
13.如权利要求12所述的工艺，其特征在于，还包括：
成型步聚还包括在内衬层的周边上挤压成一隆起(48)，该隆起伸出预制件衬层的周边；以及
切割穿过隆起的预制件衬层，以在预制件衬层的第一端部形成所述唇边。
14.如权利要求13所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述外层有一顶边，所述工艺还包括：
将预制件衬层插入一注模(56)；以及
注模成型的步骤包括靠近预制件衬层模制材料的外层(24)，这样顶边基本上靠近所述第一端，所述唇边伸在顶边上。
15.如权利要求9所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述预制件衬层的内层(20)由一上部(12)、一中间部分(14，16)和基部(18)构成，所述改变厚度的步骤还包括：
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)，以获得上部的第一宽度；
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)，以获得所述中间部分的第二宽度，其中所述第二宽度比第一宽度厚；以及
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)，以获得所述基部的第三宽度，其中所述第三宽度比第二宽度厚。
16.一种多层容器，它包括：
由至少材料的一内层(68)和一外层(72)构成的一上壁部(60)，其中所述材料内层在上壁部具有第一厚度；
由至少材料的内层(68)和外层(72)构成的一中壁部(62，64)，其中所述材料内层在中间壁部的第二厚度比在上壁部的第一厚度薄，所述中间壁部靠近所述上壁部；以及
由至少材料的内层(68)和外层(72)构成的一带支脚的基壁部(66)，其中所述材料内层在基壁部的第三厚度比在中间壁部的第二厚度厚，所述基壁部靠近所述中间壁部，并用来支撑所述容器。
17.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述容器包括一由乙烯乙烯基醇共聚物制成的一隔层(72)。
18.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述材料的内层(68)由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制成，所述外层(72)由再循环塑料制成。
19.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，还包括一位于内层(68)和外层(72)之间的隔层(70)。
20.如权利要求19所述的容器，其特征在于，所述隔层(70)是挤压成型的。
21.如权利要求19所述的容器，其特征在于，所述隔层(70)的厚度大致一致。
22.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述容器有一顶端，并且内层和外层具有大致靠近所述顶端的顶边，其中所述内层的顶边叠置在外层的顶边上。
23.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述内层是挤压和吹模成型的，并且所述外层是注模和吹模成型的。
24.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述第三厚度大致等于所述第一厚度。
25.如权利要求16所述的容器，其特征在于，所述第三厚度大于所述第一厚度。
26.一种用具有一定长度并且长度方向上厚度不同的预制件成型多层容器的工艺，它包括：
提供具有一材料厚度调节装置(38)的一挤压装置(33)；
藉由所述挤压装置挤压具有至少一内层(20)的一预制件衬层(37)；
在挤压成型过程中、藉由所述厚度调节装置改变沿着预制件衬层长度方向上内层的厚度；
靠近内层注模一材料的外层(24)，并形成所述预制件；以及
将所述预制个吹模成所述容器(58)。
27.如权利要求26所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述挤压步骤还包括靠近所述内层(20)双挤压一隔层(22)的步骤。
28.如权利要求26所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述预制件衬层(37)的内层(20)由一上部(12)、一中间部分(14，16)和一基部(18)构成，所述改变厚度的步骤还包括：
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)以获得所述上部的第一宽度；
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)以获得所述中间部分的第二宽度，其中所述第二宽度比第一宽度厚；以及
调节所述材料厚度调节装置(38)以获得所述基部的第三宽度，其中所述第三宽度比所述第二宽度厚。
29.如权利要求28所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述吹模成型步骤还包括：
保持所述预制件(37)的上部(12)不受吹模成型的影响并且构成具有第一厚度的容器(58)的上壁部；
将所述中间部分(14，16)吹制成容器(58)的中间壁部(62，64)，其中所述中间壁部具有比所述上壁部薄的第二厚度；以及
将所述基部(18)吹制成容器的基壁部(66)，其中所述基壁部具有比中间壁部厚的第三厚度。
CN95193933A 1994-07-06 1995-06-16 多层容器 Expired - Fee Related CN1059168C (zh)

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