CN115197907B - 一种用于自体或通用nk细胞体外培养的刺激细胞的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于自体或通用nk细胞体外培养的刺激细胞的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于细胞生物技术领域,具体涉及一种用于NK细胞体外培养的刺激细胞的制备方法。所述方法包括辐照新分离的外周血单个核细胞获得NK刺激细胞NKS;或将外周血单个核细胞加入含自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15的培养基,体外培养7‑14天后经过辐照获得NK刺激细胞NKST。将本发明所述的刺激细胞用于自体或通用NK细胞体外培养,能够显著提高NK细胞体外扩增的倍数,使NK细胞各项活化指标良好,且具有好的生物活性(包括细胞杀伤作用和细胞因子分泌作用)。所述方法简单易行,成本较低,可以大规模应用于自体和通用NK细胞的体外培养。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于细胞生物技术领域,具体涉及一种用于自体或通用NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法。
背景技术
外周血是遍布在机体全身的血液,通常可捐献再生。外周血中含有可以重建人体造血和免疫系统的各种细胞,可用于提高免疫力,治疗80多种疾病。其中自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK cell)属于人体介导固有免疫细胞,与机体抵抗恶性肿瘤、病毒感染和免疫调节密切相关。其免疫表型特征主要为CD3-/CD56+/CD16+,是一种不表达T细胞受体,也不表达B细胞受体的淋巴细胞亚群。他们具有不受MHC限制的细胞毒性、产生细胞因子和免疫记忆等功能,使其成为先天性和适应性免疫反应系统中的关键角色。随着CAR-T细胞在肿瘤免疫治疗中的成功应用,目前大家把越来越多的目光投向了NK细胞中。NK细胞过继免疫疗法是一个很有前途的临床研究领域,对某些癌症患者具有良好的安全性和初步疗效。
随着NK细胞的临床需求增多,如何提高NK细胞的体外培养扩增是目前最为关注的问题。但NK细胞在于正常人体中通常处于免疫静止状态,约占血液中淋巴细胞的5%~15%。而在NK过继性免疫治疗中充足的细胞数量和高纯度是NK杀伤肿瘤细胞作用的重要因素。但对于高纯度NK细胞的培养,目前面临的困难更多,主要包括:1.纯度越高的细胞扩增难度越大,高纯度的NK细胞在体外培养中,如果没有刺激细胞的存在,生长非常困难,根本无法达到大量扩增的可能;2.目前多使用基因改造的肿瘤细胞系K562系或EBV转化的淋巴母细胞系病毒做为刺激细胞,来实现NK细胞的高速扩增。但肿瘤细胞的加入和外源性病毒的引入,会对细胞产品带来了较多安全性方面的隐患。此外有文献报道,使用K562转化细胞系生产的通用NK细胞,在治疗中产生了较为严重的移植排异。因此,寻求一种在体外获得高纯度和高扩增倍数的NK细胞培养的有效方法,仍然目前研究的热点。
本发明提供了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞及其制备方法,所述方法为:辐照新分离的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)获得NK刺激细胞NKS;或将外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)加入含自体血清、rhIL2和rhIL15培养基,体外培养7-14天后经过辐照获得NK刺激细胞NKST。该方法简单易行,经济高效,且可以广泛的用于自体和异体高纯度NK细胞的大规模扩增中。可以大大提高NK细胞的扩增倍数,同时使NK细胞处于较好的活化水平;且不引入任何病毒和肿瘤细胞相关因素,大大提高了NK产品的安全性。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法。具体包括以下内容:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法,所述方法包括:将分离的外周血单个核细胞直接进行辐照获得NK刺激细胞,所述刺激细胞命名为NKS。
优选地,所述辐照剂量为5-20Gy。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法,所述方法包括:将分离的外周血单个核细胞加入含自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15和抗坏血酸的无血清培养基中,培养获得NK刺激细胞,所述刺激细胞命名为NKST。
优选地,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将分离的外周血单核细胞加入培养瓶中,加入含自体血清、rhIL2和rhIL15的无血清培养基,进行培养;
(2)每2-3天进行补液:补充添加含自体血清、rhIL2和rhIL15的无血清培养基;
(3)继续培养至7-14天,辐照处理培养体系,获得NK刺激细胞。
其中,所述培养瓶为经过TC处理且包被有人CD3单克隆抗体和人纤联蛋白。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,所述培养体系中自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15和抗坏血酸的终浓度分别为1-2%、200-1000IU、5-20ng/ml和10-20μg/ml。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,所述培养瓶中包被有人CD3单克隆抗体和人纤联蛋白的浓度分别为100-500ng/ml和10-20μg/ml。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,补液量为补液前培养体系总体积的50%-75%。
优选地,所述辐照剂量为5-20Gy。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种根据上述第一方面和第二方面所述制备方法制备获得的NK刺激细胞。
第四方面,本发明提供了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞,其特征在于,所述NK刺激细胞(NKS)包括淋巴细胞,单核细胞和粒细胞;或所述NK刺激细胞(NKST)包括25-60%的CD3+/CD56+细胞,0-3%的CD3-CD56+细胞、40-75%的CD3+CD56-细胞。
第五方面,本发明提供了一种上述第三方面和/或第四方面所述的NK刺激细胞用于NK细胞体外培养方法中的应用,所述方法为:将NK细胞与NK刺激细胞共同接种于NK细胞培养基中进行培养,所述NK刺激细胞与NK细胞的浓度比为4:1-5:1。
本发明的有益效果是:①本发明提供了一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法:辐照新分离的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)获得NK刺激细胞(NKS);或将外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)加入含自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15和抗坏血酸的培养基,体外培养7-14天后经过辐照获得NK刺激细胞(NKST);②所述方法能够添加能够刺激PBMC的生长,增加PBMC在培养体系中的贴壁性,减少细胞培养过程中形成大量的T细胞团;同时使辐照的匀度增加,避免在辐照过程中,团簇状细胞内部无法完全灭活;③所述方法简单易行,经济高效,且获得的NK刺激细胞可以广泛的用于自体和通用的高纯度NK细胞的大规模扩增中,能够显著提高NK细胞的扩增倍数,同时使NK细胞处于较好的活化水平,使培养产物具有良好的生物活性,且不引入任何病毒和肿瘤细胞等相关因素,大大提高了NK产品的安全性。④该方法的原料易于获得,方法便于操作,制备成本低廉,可以大规模的应用于NK细胞的大规模培养中。
附图说明
图1PBMC在KBM581淋巴细胞培养液中培养14天后的主要成分比例;
图2刺激细胞(NKST)辐照后活细胞比例;
图3通过添加实施例1中制备的NK刺激细胞培养NK细胞后的NK细胞纯度结果图;
图4通过添加实施例1中制备的NK刺激细胞培养NK细胞后的杂质细胞检测结果图;
图5通过添加实施例1中制备的NK刺激细胞培养NK细胞后NK细胞活化marker结果图(包括CD16,NKG2D,NKp46,CD69);
图6通过添加实施例1中使用制备的NK刺激细胞培养的NK细胞对K562的细胞脱粒检测结果;
图7通过添加实施例1中制备的NK刺激细胞培养NK细胞后,NK细胞的扩增曲线,其中,NK为不添加刺激细胞,NK-1F为添加一次刺激NKS,NK-2F为分别在Day0和Day8添加了NKS和NKST刺激细胞,每一组从上至下依次为NK、NK-2F和NK-1F。
具体实施方式
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例中所使用的试剂CD3单克隆抗体(OKT3),货号为16-0037-85购买于Invitrogen,Fibronectin human(FN),货号为354008,购买于Corning。
KBM581培养基购买于Corning,货号为88-581-CM,其他试剂均为市购。
以下实施例中所述的无血清培养基包括KBM581培养基、SCGM培养基。但不局限于KBM581培养基、SCGM培养基,其他用于淋巴细胞体外培养的培养基均适用。
实施例1刺激细胞的制备
1.刺激细胞NKS的制备
辐照新分离的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)获得NK刺激细胞NKS。
2.刺激细胞NKST的制备
(1)细胞培养瓶的准备
培养瓶需选用经过TC处理的培养瓶;
将人的CD3单克隆抗体(OKT3)和人纤联蛋白(FN)溶于4℃的PBS溶液,配制成终浓度为100ng/ml和20μg/ml的混合溶液(包被液),加入细胞培养瓶中,4℃包被培养瓶,包被约时间8-12h;
包被结束后,加入冷的PBS溶液洗涤3次,4℃放置,备用。
(2)刺激细胞培养的准备
刺激细胞培养基包括Corning淋巴细胞培养基KBM581、2%的自体血清(自体血清制备方式为:将血浆56℃水浴灭活1-1.5h,4℃,2800rpm离心30min,留取上清部分,用于细胞培养)、rhIL2和rhIL15。
(3)刺激细胞的培养方法
将Ficoll梯度离心法分离获得的外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)加入到包被好的细胞培养瓶中,加入刺激细胞培养基至培养体系中自体血清、rhIL2和rhIL15终浓度分别为1-2%、200-1000IU、5-20ng/ml。保持细胞终浓度为1×106-1.5×106个/ml,置于培养箱进行培养。
每隔2-3天进行补液(如果培养基颜色明显变黄,添加培养体系总体积50%的刺激细胞用培养基);培养至第7天,扩展培养瓶或将刺激细胞转入细胞培养袋中培养至第14天,收获刺激细胞。
(4)刺激细胞的处理
将培养好的刺激细胞,充分吹散,尽量避免细胞结团聚集,送去辐照,辐照剂量在15Gy。收集辐照后的细胞,用1000rmp/min离心8-10min,弃去上清,收集细胞,备用。
依据上述方法,培养收集获得刺激细胞NKST,主要成分为CD3+的T细胞和NKT细胞,其中包括25-60%的CD3+/CD56+细胞,0-3%的CD3-CD56+细胞、40-75%的CD3+CD56-细胞。具体如表1和图1所示。
表1刺激细胞NKST中的主要成分
主要成分 | CD3+/CD56+ | CD3-CD56+ | CD3+CD56- |
比例范围 | 25-60% | 0-3% | 40-75% |
实施例2 NK细胞的体外培养
1.外周血中PBMC细胞的分离:
使用Ficoll密度梯度离心法直接分离外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs),并进行计数,1ml外周血分离出1×106个PBMCs。
2.对PBMC进行两步磁珠分选:
根据磁珠产品说明书,对外周血单个核细胞PBMCs进行二步磁珠分选:CD3阴性细胞分选和CD56阳性细胞分选。
3.NK细胞的培养及培养基组成:
初始培养基包括:基础培养基(SCGM培养基),rhIL2,rhIL15,rhIL21,人AB血清;
NK细胞培养基主要包括:基础培养基(SCGM培养基),rhIL2,rhIL15,人AB血清,抗环血酸。
4.NK细胞的体外培养流程:
Day0:将分选完的NK细胞和实施例1制备的刺激细胞(NKS)共同置于未TC处理的培养瓶中,加入初始培养基培养至培养体系中rhIL2,rhIL15,rhIL21,人AB血清的终浓度为200-1000IU、2-10ng/ml、5-20ng/ml、1-5%,进行培养;同时培养体系要保证NK细胞和刺激细胞(NKS)的总浓度在(1.0-1.5)×106个/ml,刺激细胞(NKS)与NK细胞比例为4:1-5:1。
Day3:根据细胞状态添加NK细胞培养基,保证培养体系中总细胞浓度不低于1×106;如果细胞浓度低于1×106,只补充NK细胞培养基中的rhIL2、rhIL5、抗坏血酸和人的AB血清,而不加入基础培养基,保证培养体系中rhIL2、rhIL5、抗坏血酸和人的AB血清的终浓度为200-1000IU、2-10ng/ml、10-20μg/ml、1-5%。
Day4-Day7:平均每2-3天添加一次NK细胞培养基,根据细胞浓度计算加入NK细胞培养基的体积,使培养体系中总细胞浓度不低于1×106个/ml;其中如果细胞浓度低于1×106个/ml,只补充NK细胞培养基中的rhIL2、rhIL5、抗坏血酸和人的AB血清;保证培养体系中rhIL2、rhIL5、抗坏血酸和人的AB血清的终浓度为200-1000IU、2-10ng/ml、10-20μg/ml、1-5%,而不加入基础培养基。
Day8:在培养的NK细胞中第二次添加实施例1制备的刺激细胞(NKST),其中刺激细胞(NKST)与NK细胞比例范围应在为4:1-10:1,并将NK细胞和刺激细胞(NKST)记为总数,添加NK细胞培养基,使整体细胞浓度为(1.0-1.5)×106个/ml。同时将所有细胞从细胞培养瓶转至细胞培养袋中。
Day9-Day14:每2-3天检测细胞的浓度和状态,当培养基颜色明显发黄时,检测细胞浓度,当细胞浓度超过2×106个/ml,需添加0.5倍总体积的NK细胞培养基(如果原培养体系的总体积为100ml,需添加50ml新培养基);同时需要监测培养过程的PH值和葡萄糖水平,并使培养体系的PH值保持在6.9-7.2之间,防止细胞生长过程中释放大量乳酸和氨类代谢物,影响细胞生长。
Day15-Day21:每2-3天检测细胞的浓度和观察细胞状态,当细胞浓度超过2×106个/ml,且培养基颜色明显发黄时,添加0.75倍总体积的NK细胞培养基(如果原来培养体系的总体积为100ml,需添加75ml的培养基);同时需要监测培养过程的PH值和葡萄糖水平,并使培养体系的PH值保持在6.9-7.2之间;如果培养基总体积超过培养袋的最大体积,需要扩充培养袋。
在第21天的时候收取所有细胞。
5.效果评价
(1)刺激细胞(NKST)辐照后活细胞比例
PBMC体外培养14天后,经过射线辐照,产生的NKST细胞产生明显的凋亡,活细胞逐渐减少,如图2所示,在第14天基本全部死亡。
(2)NK细胞的纯度及扩增倍数
21天后培养获得的NK细胞的纯度如图3所示,培养获得的NK细胞纯度约为95-98%。21天后培养获得的NK细胞扩增倍数为450-1200倍。
(3)NK细胞中其他细胞成分
实施例2所述方法获得的NK细胞中其他细胞成分检测结果如图4所示,本发明实施例2所述方法获得的NK细胞中单核细胞含量小于0.51%,B细胞含量小于0.37%。
(4)NK细胞活化指标
实施例2所述方法获得的NK细胞活化指标结果如图5所示,结果表明,本发明实施例2所述方法获得的NK细胞活化指标CD16,CD69,NKG2D,NKp46等均明显表达。
(5)NK细胞对K562的杀伤作用:细胞脱粒活性检测
NK细胞对K562细胞脱粒活性检测结果如图6所示,结果表明,NK细胞与K562细胞按3:1混合后,对K562细胞有杀伤作用,产生明显脱粒效。
(6)NK细胞生长曲线
对照1(NK-1F):只在Day0步骤中添加刺激细胞NKS外,在Day8不需要再次加入刺激细胞,其他同实施例2;
对照2(NK):整个培养体系不添加刺激细胞,其他同实施例2。
自体NK细胞生长曲线结果如图7所示,其中,NK为不添加刺激细胞,NK-1F为添加一次刺激NKS,NK-2F为分别在Day0和Day8添加了NKS和NKST刺激细胞,每一组从上至下依次为NK、NK-2F和NK-1F。结果表明,培养体系不添加刺激细胞时(NK),NK细胞不生长;相较于培养体系中只添加一次刺激细胞(NK-1F),本发明实施例1所述方法(两次添加刺激细胞,NK-2F)培养过程中,NK细胞培养生长快速,每个生长阶段均为NK-1F的2倍以上。需要说明的是,只添加依次刺激细胞NKS或NKST的结果均与上述NK-1F一致,且分别在Day0和Day8添加了NKST和NKS刺激细胞,或在Day0和Day8同时添加NKST,或在Day0和Day8同时添加NKS的效果均与上述NK-2F一致。
以上之实施例,只是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非限制本发明的实施范围故凡依本发明专利范围的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰,均应包括于本发明申请专利范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于NK细胞体外培养的NK刺激细胞的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将分离的外周血单核细胞加入培养瓶中,加入含自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15的无血清培养基,进行培养;所述培养体系中自体血清、rhIL2和rhIL15的终浓度分别为1-2%、200-1000IU和5-20ng/ml;
(2)每2-3天进行补液:补充添加含自体血清、rhIL2、rhIL15的无血清培养基;补液量为补液前培养体系总体积的50%-75%;
(3)继续培养至7-14天,辐照处理培养体系,获得NK刺激细胞,所述辐照剂量为5-20Gy;
其中,所述培养瓶为经过TC处理且包被有人CD3单克隆抗体和人纤联蛋白,所述培养瓶中包被有人CD3单克隆抗体和人纤联蛋白的浓度分别为100-500ng/ml和10-20μg/ml。
2.如权利要求1所述方法制备的NK刺激细胞用于自体或通用NK细胞体外培养中的应用,其特征在于,所述方法为:将NK细胞与NK刺激细胞共同接种于NK细胞培养基中进行培养,所述NK刺激细胞与NK细胞的浓度比为4:1-5:1。
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