CN115087535B - 用于开动挤出过程的设备 - Google Patents

用于开动挤出过程的设备 Download PDF

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CN115087535B
CN115087535B CN202180013989.8A CN202180013989A CN115087535B CN 115087535 B CN115087535 B CN 115087535B CN 202180013989 A CN202180013989 A CN 202180013989A CN 115087535 B CN115087535 B CN 115087535B
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CN115087535A (zh
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T·胡斯
C·德佩
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Battenfeld Cincinnati Germany GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/269—Extrusion in non-steady condition, e.g. start-up or shut-down
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/355—Conveyors for extruded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0027—Cutting off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92076—Position, e.g. linear or angular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92447—Moulded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92485—Start-up, shut-down or parameter setting phase; Emergency shut-down; Material change; Test or laboratory equipment or studies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92571—Position, e.g. linear or angular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/9298—Start-up, shut-down or parameter setting phase; Emergency shut-down; Material change; Test or laboratory equipment or studies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于开动挤出过程的设备，所述设备至少包括：具有框架(9)的拉出装置(4)、设置在框架(9)上的平台(10)、设置在平台(10)上的具有缆轴(12)的索缆绞车(11)、金属索缆(13)，所述金属索缆能卷绕在索缆绞车(11)的缆轴(12)上并且经由导向辊(14)将所挤出的塑料管在挤出线中牵拉直至被拉出机(15)所接收。在此，按照本发明规定，所述平台(10)能横向于挤出方向(8)移动。

Description

用于开动挤出过程的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于开动挤出过程的设备，所述设备至少包括：具有框架的拉出装置、设置在框架上的平台、设置在平台上的具有缆轴的索缆绞车、金属索缆，所述金属索缆能卷绕在索缆绞车的缆轴上并且经由导向辊将所挤出的塑料管在挤出线中牵拉直至被拉出机所接收。
背景技术
现今，在挤出大口径管时所使用的较大的拉出机中，为了开动挤出过程通常使用索缆绞车作为开动辅助装置。所述开动辅助装置常常在上面紧固在拉出机的框架上，以便节省在客户的生产车间中的空间。所述金属索缆于是经由导向辊到达挤出线中并且将所述管穿过各个设施部件，直至所述管到达拉出机。
因此，绞车必须满足如下标准：
·需要几吨的相应的拉力。
·绞车必须将管以恒定的速度牵拉穿过设施，以便刚刚开动的管已经成为可售卖的产品。
·绞车通常实施为单层的。在多层的绞车中，在从一个层变换为下一个层时将发生速度变化，因为卷绕的直径和因此圆周速度改变。所述变化突然地出现，难以检测并且更难以补偿。
·在将金属索缆卷绕到缆轴上时，在索缆与挤出轴线之间的角度不应过大，按照经验不应超过3°至4°的值。否则索缆可能从引导部碰撞在缆轴上，由此又会出现速度的不希望的变化。此外，在较大的角度时对导向辊产生不可忽略的侧向力。
为了将管牵拉穿过所有存在的设施部件需要确定的金属索缆长度。在使用较长的索缆的情况下与较宽的缆轴和相同的缆轴直径相联系地，上面提到的角度将过大。因此，在此关键的是，当缆轴在直径相同的情况下变宽时则无法保持所述角度范围。在考虑到上面提到的标准的情况下，能够使用更长的索缆的唯一可能性是扩大缆轴的直径。这随之带来以下缺陷：
·缆轴的高的自重和框架的与此相联系的加固。
·需要使用更大且更强的驱动器，因为索缆与轴心间隔开更大距离地被卷绕(更长的杠杆比和因此更高的力矩)。
·用于更大的缆轴的提高的生产耗费。
·用于整个绞车的明显提高的制造成本。
由DE 20 221 671 U1已知一种用于在使用索缆绞车的情况下开动挤出过程的设备。然而，在该文献中未更详细地探讨功能原理和构造方案。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，进一步改进存在的绞车及其应用，使得能够使用紧凑且成本有利的绞车，而无需为较大的索缆长度而扩大绞车的直径。
所述任务的解决方案的特征在于，用于开动挤出过程的设备至少包括：
具有框架的拉出装置，
设置在框架上的平台,
设置在平台上的、具有缆轴的索缆绞车，
金属索缆，所述金属索缆能卷绕在索缆绞车的缆轴上并且经由导向辊将所挤出的塑料管在挤出线中牵拉直至被拉出机所接收，其中，所述平台能横向于挤出方向移动。
按照这种方式，所述索缆绞车总是这样放置，使得不超过最大允许的角度。索缆绞车即使在缆轴直径小的情况下仍能够单层地卷绕。因为在索缆与缆轴的轴心之间的距离更小，所以驱动器仅需施加更低的转动力矩并且可以更为紧凑地实施。尽管在未同步索缆绞车的转速与横向调整的速度的情况下，仍旧能够在给定的范围内调整角度。无需调整和保持精确的角度值。
按照进一步扩展方案规定，所述平台设置在直线引导部上并且通过电机驱动的丝杆运动。
以有利的方式，监视在金属索缆与挤出轴线之间的角度。这可以借助于摄像机或也可以借助于传感器进行。如果探测到与预定值的偏差，则通过控制机器来抵抗。这例如可以通过提高横向移动的绞车的速度来进行。作为偏差考虑相对于挤出轴线的从2°至8°的角度，该角度与沿何种方向无关。以理想的方式，所述角度相对于挤出轴线保持在3°至4°之间。但也可想到在2°至8°之间的其他角度范围、如5°或6°。
在本申请中描述有利的进一步扩展方案。
附图说明
在各附图中示意性地示出按照本发明的设备：
图1示出典型的挤出线
图2示出拉出装置的侧视图
图3示出拉出装置的俯视图
图4示出拉出机的3D示图
具体实施方式
图1示出典型的挤出线，如当今用于型材挤出的挤出线，无论对于生产窗型材还是管都可以使用所述挤出线。图1示出一个挤出机1，在所述挤出机中使塑料熔化并且为了成型而连续地输送到挤出模具2中。定径和冷却站3连接于所述挤出机，根据型材可以使用进一步的冷却站。在冷却站之后连接有拉出装置4。为了将连续型材6切断为期望的长度接着设置有分离装置5。挤出轴线以附图标记7标出。
图2以侧视图示出拉出装置4。挤出方向以附图标记8表示。拉出装置4还包括框架9，在所述框架上设置有平台10。在平台10上装配有具有缆轴12的索缆绞车11，在所述缆轴上卷绕金属索缆13。金属索缆13经由导向辊14引导并且因此可以将未示出的塑料管穿过挤出线牵拉直至被拉出机15所接收。
图3以俯视图示出相同的拉出装置4。这里，挤出方向又以8标出。通过缆轴12借助于索缆绞车11卷绕的金属索缆13经由导向辊14引导。索缆绞车11设置在平台10上，所述平台能横向于挤出轴线7移动。在金属索缆13与挤出轴线7之间形成的角度α因此不超过预定的最大值并且因此可以避免金属索缆13重叠的危险或者避免所述金属索缆从缆轴12脱落。在理想的情况下，所述角度α为0°，金属索缆13因此总是处于包含挤出轴线7的竖直平面上。如果金属索缆13的角度α与所述平面偏差多于3°至4°，则通过平台10的横向移动来抵抗这点。根据缆轴12的所使用的尺寸，所述角度范围也可以更大，此后才需要横向移动。监控的范围为2°至8°，但也可以在3°至5°或在这些范围之间。
平台10设置在直线引导部上并且能通过电机驱动的丝杆横向移动。
图4以3D示图示出拉出装置。挤出方向又以8标出。金属索缆13经由导向辊14达至塑料管。索缆绞车11连同缆轴12可以借助于平台横向移动。为此与丝杆17相联系地使用引导部16，所述丝杆通过驱动器18电机式操纵。
附图标记列表
1挤出机
2挤出模具
3定径和冷却槽
4拉出装置
5分离装置
6型材
7挤出轴线
8挤出方向
9框架
10 平台
11 索缆绞车
12 缆轴
13 金属索缆
14 导向辊
15 拉出机
16 直线引导部
17 电机驱动的丝杆
18 17的驱动器
α在13与7之间的角度

Claims (5)

1.用于开动挤出过程的设备，所述设备至少包括：
具有框架(9)的拉出装置(4)，
设置在框架(9)上的平台(10),
设置在平台(10)上的、具有缆轴(12)的索缆绞车(11)，
金属索缆(13)，所述金属索缆能卷绕在索缆绞车(11)的缆轴(12)上并且经由导向辊(14)将所挤出的塑料管在挤出线中牵拉直至被拉出机(15)所接收，
其特征在于，
所述平台(10)能横向于挤出方向(8)移动。
2.按照权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述平台(10)设置在直线引导部(16)上并且通过电机驱动的丝杆(17)运动。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，能监控在金属索缆(13)与挤出轴线(7)之间的角度(α)。
4.按照权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于，为了监控所述角度(α)使用摄像机。
5.按照权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于，为了监控所述角度(α)使用传感器，所述传感器识别角度偏差。
CN202180013989.8A 2020-02-12 2021-02-01 用于开动挤出过程的设备 Active CN115087535B (zh)

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DE102020103687.6 2020-02-12
DE102020103687.6A DE102020103687B4 (de) 2020-02-12 2020-02-12 Einrichtung zum Anfahren eines Extrusionsprozesses
PCT/EP2021/052242 WO2021160449A1 (de) 2020-02-12 2021-02-01 Einrichtung zum anfahren eines extrussionsprozesse

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