CN115039582A - Method for raising spruce twig by cutting - Google Patents
Method for raising spruce twig by cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN115039582A CN115039582A CN202210848867.7A CN202210848867A CN115039582A CN 115039582 A CN115039582 A CN 115039582A CN 202210848867 A CN202210848867 A CN 202210848867A CN 115039582 A CN115039582 A CN 115039582A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for raising spruce twig seedlings by cutting, and relates to the technical field of plant breeding. Cutting and planting the cutting slips made of spruce semi-lignified young shoots in the nutrient soil of the mesh belt, performing full-light spraying treatment on a seedbed, periodically spraying a bactericide after cutting, periodically spraying a fertilizer after rooting, and hardening the seedlings after the number of new roots reaches more than 20 by using an air root control technology. The method provided by the invention can shorten the period of spruce twig cutting seedling and can also improve the survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, in particular to a method for raising spruce tender branches through cutting.
Background
Spruce (the name of Latin university: Picea aspertata mask.) is an arbor, with a height of 45 m and a diameter at breast height of 1 m; the bark is light grey brown or light brown gray, and is cracked into irregular scales or slightly thick blocks and falls off. The spruce is a special Chinese tree species, is produced in southwest of Shaanxi, the Yangxi white Longjiang river basin, the Qilianshan and the like, is slightly shade-resistant, can resist dry and cold environmental conditions, grows in a zone with the altitude of 2400 plus 3600 meters, and is a water source conservation forest dominant tree species. The tree trunk is tall, straight, less in section, slightly soft in material, straight and uniform in texture, fine in structure and easy to process.
Spruce is generally sowed and raised or cotted, and because spruce seeds are fine in sowing and raising work, the spruce is not drought or waterlogging, and the spruce should be planted in a nursery land with flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, fertile and loose sandy loam. In the work of cutting seedling, 1-year-old filled branches are cut from 1-5-year-old seedlings to be best used as cuttings, and the survival rate is highest. Cutting the hard branches in 2-3 months, cutting after leaves fall, bundling, sand-storing for overwintering, inserting into seedbed in spring of next year, spraying for moisture preservation, and rooting in 30-40 days. The young branches are inserted in the tree for 5-6 months, semi-lignified branches are selected, the length of the semi-lignified branches is 12-15 cm, and the young branches take roots 20-25 days after the young branches are inserted.
Compared with hard branches, spruce twigs are strong in metabolism, high in endogenous auxin content and vigorous in cell meristematic capacity, and are beneficial to shoot rooting, so that shoot cuttage is usually adopted for spruce seedling raising, but the shoots are poor in stress resistance, the temperature is high, the water and nutrient consumption is high in summer when the shoots are cut, the shoots are easy to wither and die, the callus formation of the shoot cutting shoot in the conventional shoot cuttage process is slow, the rooting time is long, the cuttage survival rate is about 60%, winding packing can be formed in the seedling raising process, the growth of root systems is influenced, the root systems are fine, and the later-stage planting and forestation of seedlings are not facilitated. Therefore, the requirements of the twig cuttage on the technology and the environmental conditions are particularly strict, for the cuttage seedling raising work of the spruce, the rooting period, the survival rate, the developed degree of the root system and the like of the current twig cuttage seedling raising mode can not meet the requirements, and a method for rapidly breeding the spruce in a large quantity is lacked.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for raising spruce twig seedlings by cutting to solve the technical problem.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention provides a method for raising spruce twig by cutting, which comprises the following steps: cutting the cutting slips made of spruce semi-lignified young shoots in the nutrient soil of the mesh belt for seedling filling, performing full-light spray treatment on a seedbed, periodically spraying a bactericide after cutting, periodically spraying a fertilizer after rooting, and hardening seedlings after the number of new roots reaches more than 20 by using an air root control technology.
The inventor utilizes the air root control technology, adopts the net bag to pack the seedling, when the root of the cuttings grows to the net bag and meets the air, the root tip of the spruce seedling root stops growing, and a new root grows at the rear side of the seedling root, so that the side root is thick and short in shape, a winding packing can not be formed, the defects of poor air permeability and seedling root winding of a conventional container are overcome, and the unique effect of preventing root rot and the main root from being coiled in the spruce seedling culture process is achieved. The seedling after seedling cultivation has strong root system and vigorous growth, is suitable for afforestation under severe conditions, and has obvious advantages.
The inventor finds that: the full-light spray seedling culture of the seedbed is combined with the air root control technology, so that the seedling culture period is shortened by a half, and the workload of transplanting and afforesting is reduced by more than 50%; the method is also beneficial to improving the survival rate of the seedlings and the survival rate of the forestation seedlings, obviously shortens the rooting time and realizes the rapid mass breeding of the spruce seedlings. Through full-light spraying, the cuttings can meet the consumption of water and nutrients even in hot summer, and the branches are prevented from withering and dying. In addition, the phenomenon is avoided to a great extent by shortening the seedling raising period.
The seedling raising method provided by the invention can achieve the aims that callus is formed after 5 days after cuttage and roots are generated after 8 days, the total amount of roots is increased by more than 5 times compared with the conventional container seedling raising, the survival rate of seedlings is between 98.2% and 99.6%, and the survival rate of forestation seedlings is more than 99.5%.
Generally, callus is formed after 5 days, rooting is started after 8 days, and the length of the root after emergence of the seedling reaches 2-3cm in one month. The number of new roots can reach more than 20 after two months.
Compared with seedling raising containers such as a nutrition cup and the like, the mesh belt provided by the invention can shorten the callus forming time, improve the number and the length of new roots, and improve the survival rate of seedlings, the survival rate of the seedlings after planting for 1 month, 2-3 months and the survival rate before overwintering.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the making of the cutting includes: collecting semi-lignified young branches of spruce in 6-7 months for making cutting slips, controlling the length of the cutting slips to be 15-20cm, removing all lateral branches below 5-8cm of the lower parts of the cutting slips, cutting the base parts of the cutting slips to be flat, and then soaking the made cutting slips with rooting powder solution.
Because the spruce twigs have strong metabolism, high content of endogenous auxin and vigorous cell meristematic capacity, the cutting seedling raising by the spruce twigs (namely semi-lignified new spruce shoots) is beneficial to the rooting of cuttings.
In the preferred embodiment of the application of the invention, the rooting powder solution is selected from 100-150PPM ABT, and the soaking time of the rooting powder solution is 1-3 h. Optionally, the soaking time of the rooting powder solution is 2 hours.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the cutting is tied before the rooting powder solution is soaked. For example, every 50 cuttings are selected to be tied in one bundle. In the process of making the cutting, the cutting without cutting and the cutting after making are all immersed in water to prevent dehydration.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the depth of the cutting shoot in the nutrient soil of the mesh belt is 3-5cm, and the cutting shoot is watered thoroughly after cuttage so that the cutting shoot is closely combined with the nutrient soil. The net belt is a cotton yarn nutrition net bag.
The nutrient soil can be selected from commercially available nutrient soil or self-prepared nutrient soil (such as perlite: vermiculite: sand: soil).
In an optional embodiment, the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag is a cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag with a bottom diameter of 8cm and a height of 12cm, and can be woven by a user.
It is noted that the whole process of seedling culture is carried out along with strip picking, ear preparation, nutrient soil loading and seedling loading.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the full-exposure spraying treatment is spraying with a full-exposure automatic rotary spraying device which is arranged 30-35cm above the seedbed. The illumination of the full-illumination spraying treatment is natural light without shielding. The spraying time is manually set by a microcomputer according to the soil moisture content measured by a soil moisture sensor inserted on the seedbed, and the spraying time and the interval time are automatically controlled.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the bactericide is selected from carbendazim, the spraying method of the carbendazim is that the carbendazim is sprayed once every 10 to 12 days on the day after the cutting of the cuttings, and the concentration of the carbendazim is 0.2 to 0.25g of the carbendazim in each 100ml of the solvent.
In a preferred embodiment of the use of the invention, the fertilizer is selected from phosphate fertilizers.
In a preferred embodiment of the application of the invention, the phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the spraying method of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is that a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed once every 15 to 17 days after the cutting shoots take root, and the concentration of the carbendazim is 0.2 to 0.25g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in each 100ml of solvent.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the spraying time and times are gradually reduced during hardening seedlings, and the hardening seedlings are hardened to 9-10 months.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the air root control technology, adopts the net bag seedling, stops the growth of the root tip of the spruce seedling root when the cutting root grows to the net bag and meets the air, and grows a new root on the back side of the seedling root, so that the side root is thick and short, and can not form a winding packing, thereby overcoming the defects of poor air permeability and seedling root winding of the conventional container, and playing a unique role in preventing root rot and main root winding in the spruce seedling culture process. The seedling after seedling cultivation has strong root system and vigorous growth, is suitable for afforestation under severe conditions, and has obvious advantages.
The inventor finds that: the full-illumination spraying seedling culture of the seedbed is combined with the air root control technology, so that the seedling culture period can be shortened by a half, and the workload of transplanting and forestation is reduced by more than 50%; the method is also beneficial to improving the survival rate of the seedlings and the survival rate of the forestation seedlings, obviously shortens the rooting time and realizes the rapid mass breeding of the spruce seedlings. Through full-light spraying, the cuttings can meet the consumption of water and nutrients even in hot summer, and the branches are prevented from withering and dying.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a full light seedling raising facility.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for raising spruce twig by cutting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) setting up a full-light spraying facility.
A plurality of steel frame seedling raising beds with the height of 50cm, the width of 100cm and the length of 200cm are manufactured, the steel frame seedling raising beds are placed on the ground of a seedling raising base, a plurality of 25 x 50cm seedling raising plates (shown in figure 2) are manufactured, and a plurality of seedling raising plates are placed on each steel frame seedling raising bed according to specifications. Full-illumination automatic rotary spraying equipment is arranged above the steel frame seedling raising bed, the distance between the central rotary shaft and the ground is 80cm, so that the formed rotary spray is 80cm away from the ground, and the rotary spray is 30cm away from the top surface of the steel frame seedling raising bed because the steel frame seedling raising bed is 50cm high.
(2) And (5) making the cutting slips.
Collecting strong spruce semi-lignified young shoots without diseases and insect pests for cuttage after 6-7 months, immediately making cuttings from the collected cuttings, wherein the length of each cutting is 15-20cm, cutting off all lateral branches below 5-8cm of the lower part of each cutting, cutting the base of each cutting, binding one bundle of every 50 cuttings, immersing the cuttings without cutting and the cuttings after the cutting are made in water to prevent water loss, and immersing the cuttings in 100PPM ABT rooting powder solution for 2 hours after the cutting is made.
(3) Making cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag seedlings.
Making a cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag (shown in figure 1) with the diameter of 8cm at the bottom and the height of 12cm, filling the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag with nutrition soil, cutting the prepared cutting slips in the nutrition soil of the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag for filling seedlings, and carrying out the whole process of picking strips, carrying out the preparation of the cutting slips, carrying out the filling of the nutrition soil and carrying out the filling of the seedlings. The seedling filling depth is 3-5cm, the seedling base part reaches the bottom of the nutrition mesh bag, after cuttage, water permeation is immediately sprayed once to enable the cutting slips and the nutrition soil to be closely combined, then the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag seedlings are neatly placed in a seedling raising tray on a steel frame seedling raising bed, and full-light spraying treatment is carried out.
(4) Air root management
According to the cutting period and the weather condition of the cutting slips, the frequency of rotary spraying is timely regulated and controlled, so that a layer of water film is kept on the leaf surface, the substrate is guaranteed to be wet, the cutting slips are easy to rot due to too much water, and the cutting slips are difficult to root due to too little water, therefore, the leaf surface is kept with a layer of water film, and the substrate is guaranteed to be wet. And spraying carbendazim with the concentration of 0.2% once every 10 days after the cutting of the cutting slips, and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the concentration of 0.2% once every 15 days after the cutting slips root. Spraying bactericide and phosphate fertilizer in the evening, forming callus in 5 days after cuttage, rooting in 8 days, growing 2-3cm long roots in one month, hardening off to 10 months after the roots grow to the air, planting and afforesting the seedling together with the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag, wherein the cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag seedling does not need to take the mesh bag during afforestation, and the mesh bag can be naturally decomposed in soil.
Table 1 shows that the survival rate of the seedlings is between 98.2 and 99.6 percent through systematic sampling investigation. Sufficient root systems of the seedlings can meet the requirements of afforestation, and the survival rate of the afforested seedlings reaches more than 99.5 percent in the standard afforestation engineering (refer to data in a table 2). Compared with seedling raising containers such as a nutrition cup and the like, the mesh belt provided by the invention can shorten the callus forming time, improve the number and the length of new roots, and improve the survival rate of seedlings, the survival rate of the seedlings after planting for 1 month, 2-3 months and the survival rate before overwintering.
Table 1 comparison of the effect of different containers on the growth of spruce roots.
Table 2 comparison of the effect of different container seedlings on the survival rate of spruce (200 plants per sample).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for raising spruce tender branch seedlings by cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps: cutting and planting the cutting slips made of spruce semi-lignified young shoots in the nutrient soil of the mesh belt, performing full-light spraying treatment on a seedbed, periodically spraying a bactericide after cutting, periodically spraying a fertilizer after rooting, and hardening the seedlings after the number of new roots reaches more than 20 by using an air root control technology.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the making of the cutting shoot comprises: collecting semi-lignified young branches of spruce in 6-7 months for making cutting slips, controlling the length of the cutting slips to be 15-20cm, removing all lateral branches below 5-8cm of the lower parts of the cutting slips, cutting the base parts of the cutting slips to be flat, and then soaking the made cutting slips with rooting powder solution.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rooting powder solution is selected from 100-150PPM ABT, and the soaking time of the rooting powder solution is 1-3 h.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the cuttings are banded prior to soaking in the rooting powder solution.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the cutting slips in the nutrient soil of the mesh belt is 3-5cm, and the cutting slips are watered thoroughly after cutting;
preferably, the mesh belt is a cotton yarn nutrition mesh bag.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the full light spray treatment is spraying with a full light automatic rotating spraying device disposed 30-35cm above the bed;
preferably, the illumination of the full-illumination spray treatment is natural light without obstruction; the spraying time is manually set by a microcomputer according to the soil moisture content measured by a soil moisture sensor inserted on the seedbed, and the spraying time and the interval time are automatically controlled.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bactericide is selected from carbendazim, the carbendazim is sprayed once every 10-12 days on the day after cutting of the cuttings, and the concentration of the carbendazim is 0.2-0.25g of the carbendazim in 100ml of the solvent.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fertilizer is selected from phosphate fertilizers.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the spraying method of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is to spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 15-17 days after the cutting shoots take roots, and the concentration of the carbendazim is 0.2-0.25g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in each 100ml of solvent.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying time and the spraying times are gradually reduced during the seedling exercising, and the seedling exercising lasts for 9-10 months.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210848867.7A CN115039582A (en) | 2022-07-19 | 2022-07-19 | Method for raising spruce twig by cutting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210848867.7A CN115039582A (en) | 2022-07-19 | 2022-07-19 | Method for raising spruce twig by cutting |
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| CN115039582A true CN115039582A (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| CN202210848867.7A Pending CN115039582A (en) | 2022-07-19 | 2022-07-19 | Method for raising spruce twig by cutting |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1478377A (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-03 | 九龙县林业局 | Industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region |
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- 2022-07-19 CN CN202210848867.7A patent/CN115039582A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1478377A (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-03 | 九龙县林业局 | Industrial cuttage method for growing sapling of dragon spruce in high-elevation region |
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