CN115005039A - Breeding method of novel peanut variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of novel peanut variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN115005039A CN115005039A CN202210699052.7A CN202210699052A CN115005039A CN 115005039 A CN115005039 A CN 115005039A CN 202210699052 A CN202210699052 A CN 202210699052A CN 115005039 A CN115005039 A CN 115005039A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of a new peanut variety, which comprises the following steps: soil preparation; seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution for soaking for 26-30 min, taking out a filtrate, putting the filtrate into a vacuum treatment condition of 38-42 ℃ and 920-940 Pa in vacuum degree, taking out the filtrate, airing until the moisture is 20-24%, disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the incidence rate of root diseases, and then dressing the seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the elongation of a root system; sowing; according to the method, the emergence rate is high, the peanuts with high quality, strong health-care function and long shelf life are produced, the oil content of the peanuts is improved, the peanut grains are full, the fruit bearing rate is higher, the nutrition is more abundant, and the yield and the benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planting method for improving the protein content of peanuts.
Background
Peanuts are important oil crops and economic crops in China, the seeding area of the peanuts in China is about 7000 mu to about 1700 million tons, the total yield of the peanuts accounts for 40 percent of the total yield of the peanuts in the whole world, and the peanut production plays an important role in agricultural production in China and even the whole national economy. China is a country with edible oil shortage, the self-sufficiency rate is only 30%, and 70% of China depends on import. Peanuts account for 48% of the total oil crop yield. 50% of peanuts produced in China are used for processing peanut oil. The oil content of the seeds of the common peanut variety is about 50 percent, and the oil content is 55 percent, so the seeds are high-oil varieties. As processing oil, the oil content of peanut seeds can be increased by 7% when the oil content is increased by 1%.
At present, peanuts in China excessively depend on imports, the annual planting area is reduced year by year, the enthusiasm of farmers for planting peanuts is not high, the agricultural planting structure of peanut producing areas in China is unreasonable, peanut seeds are directly lost in the traditional peanut planting, fertilizer is applied according to periods and diseases and insects are prevented, the peanuts and soil are seriously dependent on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the yield is low, and the planting technology for planting the peanuts and popularizing the peanut planting technology has great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of a new peanut variety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a breeding method of a new peanut variety comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: selecting a paddy field or a hill with the pH value of 6.5-8, deep soil layer, rich organic matters, good drainage and irrigation for soil preparation, carrying out flat turning in 10-11 months every year, sowing organic fertilizer on the land for soil cultivation before the flat turning, spraying insecticide to disinfect the soil, carrying out spring cultivation and seeding in 3-4 months every year, carrying out ridge land and stubble raking before seeding, wherein the width of the ridge land is 1.2-1.8 m, the depth of the stubble raking is 14-20 cm, the height of the ridge is 25-30 cm, the distance between ridges is 25-35 cm, and the depth of the furrow is 18-20 cm in 2-3 days before seeding;
(2) seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution for soaking for 26-30 min, taking out a filtrate, putting the filtrate into a vacuum treatment condition of 38-42 ℃ and 920-940 Pa in vacuum degree, taking out the filtrate, airing until the moisture is 20-24%, disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the incidence rate of root diseases, and then dressing the seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the elongation of a root system;
(3) sowing: spraying clomazone before sowing for 3-5 days, sowing seeds for 8-12 kg per mu, applying base fertilizer and compound fertilizer for covering while sowing, spraying herbicide 7-10 days after sowing, and timely supplementing seedlings when seedlings are short;
(4) and (3) field management: the field management of peanuts in each growth period mainly comprises weeding, pest and disease prevention, fertilization, irrigation and drainage, after peanut seedlings come out of the soil, artificial compound fertilizer application and intertillage weeding and soil loosening are carried out at the position 3-5 cm around the roots of the seedlings, seedling strengthening nursing is carried out, and the growth of the root systems of the seedlings is promoted; in the branching stage and the flowering beginning stage of peanuts, branching treatment is carried out to accelerate the sprouting speed of the branches of the stems and leaves so as to prevent the later turning phenomenon, and meanwhile, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to increase nutrient components required by growth and regulate the growth.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8-0.9 part of citric acid chelated zinc, 5.5-5.9 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.3-7.7 parts of urea, 0.5-0.6 part of borax, 0.12-0.14 part of barley malt alkali, 0.15-0.17 part of gallic acid and 480-500 parts of water.
Preferably, the pesticide sprayed in the step (1) is prepared by mixing lime powder and 2% -3% ferrous sulfate powder according to a ratio of 9:1, and 30-50kg of the pesticide is sowed per mu.
Preferably, the base fertilizer and the compound fertilizer applied in the step (3) are applied according to the ratio of 3: 1 are mixed.
Preferably, the base fertilizer in the step (3) is 50-60 parts of poultry manure, 20-30 parts of straws or rice straws and 10-20 parts of plant ash, wherein the straws are one or more of wheat, peanut and corn, the straws or the rice straws are dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher with the aperture of a sieve pore of 5-10 mm, and the dried poultry manure, the crushed straws or the rice straws and the plant ash are mixed and placed in a fermentation tank for stacking and fermenting for 40-60 days to prepare the required base fertilizer.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 6-9 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 3-7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4-8 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.12-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.8-1.8 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.08-0.4 part of ammonium molybdate.
Preferably, the foliar fertilizer in the step (4) is 180-280 g of urea, 120-200 g of boron fertilizer, 90-180 g of monopotassium phosphate and 50-100 g of zinc sulfate, 60-100 kg of water is mixed and sprayed in each mu, the foliar fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7-15 days, and the foliar fertilizer is continuously applied for 2-3 times.
Preferably, sunflowers are further planted in furrows among ridges of the peanut planting field and around the planting field, and the row spacing of each sunflower is 80-100 cm.
In the invention, the sunflowers are planted in the furrows and around the planting land, the vacant planting land can be comprehensively utilized, when the sunflowers are planted in the furrows, the drainage work is paid attention to, and the methods of seed selection, breeding, sowing and field management of the sunflowers are the same; when the two crops are planted simultaneously, the flowering phase of the sunflower and the flowering phase of the peanut are opened in the same period, so that a large amount of beneficial insects can be attracted to carry out flower transmission and pollination, and the harvesting period is also in the same period.
In summary, the present invention has the following significant advantages:
(1) the peanut planting method disclosed by the invention is high in emergence rate, the peanuts with high quality, strong health-care function and long shelf life are produced by using the peanut plants with oil content of more than 55% and oleic acid content of more than 75% as the peanut seeds, the oil content of the peanuts is increased, the peanut grains are full, the fruit bearing rate is higher, the nutrition is more abundant, the yield and the benefit are obvious, and the peanut planting method is natural and pollution-free.
(2) The invention has convenient management, labor force reduction, time and cost saving, easy harvesting, strong disease resistance of peanuts, less harm of diseases and pests,
(3) the invention can simultaneously plant two crops of peanut and sunflower, can attract a large amount of beneficial insects to carry out flower and pollen transmission, and is beneficial to improving the yield of peanut and sunflower.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown below.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
a breeding method of a new peanut variety comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: selecting a paddy field or a hill with the pH value of 6.5, deep soil layer, rich organic matters, good drainage and irrigation for soil preparation, carrying out flat turning in 10 months every year, sowing organic fertilizer on the ground for soil cultivation before the flat turning, spraying insecticide to disinfect the soil, carrying out spring cultivation and seeding in 3 months every year, carrying out ridge land and stubble raking before seeding, wherein the width of the ridge land is 1.2m, the depth of the stubble raking is 14cm, the height of each ridge is 25cm, the distance between the ridges is 25cm, and the depth of the furrow is 18cm 2 days before seeding;
(2) seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution for soaking for 26min, taking out a filtrate, putting the filtrate into a vacuum treatment condition of 38 ℃ and 920Pa for vacuum treatment for 8min, taking out the filtrate, airing until the water content is 20%, then disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the occurrence rate of root diseases, and then dressing seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the extension of root systems;
(3) sowing: clomazone is sprayed for 3 days before sowing, 8kg of seeds are sown per mu, base fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied to cover while sowing, herbicide is sprayed 7 days after sowing, and seedlings are timely replenished when seedlings are short;
(4) field management: the field management of peanuts in each growth period mainly comprises weeding, pest and disease prevention, fertilization, irrigation and drainage of waterlogging, after peanut seedlings come out of the soil, artificial compound fertilizer application and intertillage weeding and soil loosening are carried out at 3cm positions around the roots of the seedlings, seedling strengthening nursing is carried out, and the growth of the roots of the seedlings is promoted; in the branching stage and the flowering beginning stage of peanuts, branching treatment is carried out to accelerate the sprouting speed of the branches of the stems and leaves so as to prevent the later turning phenomenon, and meanwhile, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to increase nutrient components required by growth and regulate the growth.
In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer in step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8 part of citric acid chelated zinc, 5.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.3 parts of urea, 0.5 part of borax, 0.12 part of hordenine, 0.15 part of gallic acid and 480 parts of water.
In the embodiment, the pesticide sprayed in the step (1) is prepared by mixing lime powder and 2% ferrous sulfate powder according to a ratio of 9:1, and 30kg of the pesticide is sowed per mu.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer and the compound fertilizer applied in step (3) are applied according to a ratio of 3: 1 are mixed.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer in step (3) is 50 parts of poultry manure, 20 parts of straw or rice straw, and 10 parts of plant ash, the straw is one or more of wheat, peanut, and corn, the straw or rice straw is dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher with a sieve pore size of 5mm, and the dried poultry manure, the crushed straw or rice straw, and the plant ash are mixed and placed in a fermentation tank for stacking and fermenting for 40 days to obtain the required base fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 6 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 3 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of a potash fertilizer, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1.12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.8 part of manganese sulfate, and 0.08 part of ammonium molybdate.
In the embodiment, the foliar fertilizer in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 180g of urea, 120g of boric fertilizer, 90g of monopotassium phosphate and 50g of zinc sulfate, spraying 60kg of water for each mu, and continuously spraying for 2 times at intervals of 1 time for 7 days.
In the embodiment, sunflowers are further planted in furrows among ridges of the peanut planting field and around the planting field, and the row spacing of each sunflower is 80 cm.
Example 2:
a breeding method of a new peanut variety comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: selecting a paddy field or a hillock with the pH value of the soil being between 8, deep soil layer, rich organic matters, good drainage and irrigation for soil preparation, carrying out flat turning every 11 months, sowing organic fertilizer on the land for soil cultivation before the flat turning, simultaneously spraying insecticide to disinfect the soil, carrying out spring cultivation and seeding every 4 months, carrying out ridge land and stubble raking before seeding, wherein the width of the ridge land is 1.8m, the depth of the stubble raking is 20cm, the height of the ridge is 30cm, the distance between the ridges is 35cm, and the depth of ploughing is 20cm 3 days before seeding;
(2) seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution for soaking for 30min, taking out a filtrate, putting the filtrate into a vacuum treatment condition of 42 ℃ and 940Pa, taking out the filtrate, airing until the water content is 24%, then disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the occurrence rate of root diseases, and then dressing seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the extension of root systems;
(3) sowing: spraying clomazone for 5 days before sowing, sowing seeds 12kg per mu, applying base fertilizer and compound fertilizer to cover while sowing, spraying herbicide 10 days after sowing, and timely replenishing seedlings when seedlings are short;
(4) field management: the field management of the peanuts in each growth period mainly comprises weeding, pest and disease prevention, fertilization, irrigation and waterlogging drainage, after peanut seedlings come out of the soil, artificial compound fertilizer application and intertillage weeding and soil loosening are carried out at 5cm positions around the roots of the seedlings, strong seedling nursing is carried out, and the root system growth of the seedlings is promoted; in the branching stage and the flowering beginning stage of peanuts, branching treatment is carried out to accelerate the sprouting speed of the branches of the stems and leaves so as to prevent the later turning phenomenon, and meanwhile, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to increase nutrient components required by growth and regulate the growth.
In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer in step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.9 part of citric acid chelated zinc, 5.9 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.7 parts of urea, 0.6 part of borax, 0.14 part of hordenine, 0.17 part of gallic acid and 500 parts of water.
In the embodiment, the pesticide sprayed in the step (1) is prepared by mixing lime powder and 2% -3% ferrous sulfate powder according to a ratio of 9:1, and 50kg of pesticide is sowed per mu.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer and the compound fertilizer applied in step (3) are applied according to a ratio of 3: 1 are mixed.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer in step (3) is 60 parts of poultry manure, 30 parts of straw or rice straw and 20 parts of plant ash, the straw is one or more of wheat, peanut and corn, the straw or rice straw is dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher with a sieve pore size of 10mm, and the dried poultry manure, the crushed straw or rice straw and the plant ash are mixed and placed in a fermentation tank for stacking and fermentation for 60 days to obtain the required base fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 9 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 7 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 8 parts of a potash fertilizer, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.8 parts of manganese sulfate, and 0.4 part of ammonium molybdate.
In the embodiment, the foliar fertilizer in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 180-280 g of urea, 120-200 g of boric fertilizer, 180g of monopotassium phosphate and 100g of zinc sulfate, spraying 100kg of water per mu in a mixing manner, and continuously applying for 3 times every 15 days.
In the embodiment, sunflowers are also planted in furrows among each ridge of the peanut planting field and around the planting field, and the plant spacing of each sunflower is 100 cm.
Example 3:
a breeding method of a new peanut variety comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: selecting a paddy field or a hillock with the pH value of the soil being 7, the deep soil layer being rich in organic matters, good drainage and irrigation, carrying out soil preparation, carrying out flat turning in 10 months every year, sowing organic fertilizers on the land for soil cultivation before the flat turning, spraying pesticides to disinfect the soil, carrying out spring cultivation and sowing in 3 months every year, carrying out ridge land and stubble raking before the sowing, wherein the width of the ridge land is 1.6m, the depth of the stubble raking is 18cm, the height of the ridge is 28cm, the distance between the ridges is 30cm, and the deep turning is 19cm 2 days before the sowing;
(2) seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution for soaking for 28min, taking out a filtrate, putting the filtrate into a vacuum treatment condition of 40 ℃ and 930Pa for 9min, taking out, airing until the water content is 22%, then disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the occurrence rate of root diseases, and then dressing seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the extension of root systems;
(3) sowing: spraying clomazone for 4 days before sowing, sowing 10kg seeds per mu, applying base fertilizer and compound fertilizer to cover while sowing, spraying herbicide 8 days after sowing, and timely replenishing seedlings when seedlings are short;
(4) field management: the field management of peanuts in each growth period mainly comprises weeding, pest and disease prevention, fertilization, irrigation and drainage of waterlogging, after peanut seedlings come out of the soil, artificial compound fertilizer application and intertillage weeding and soil loosening are carried out at 4cm positions around the roots of the seedlings, seedling strengthening nursing is carried out, and the growth of the roots of the seedlings is promoted; in the branching stage and the flowering beginning stage of peanuts, branching treatment is carried out to accelerate the sprouting speed of the branches of the stems and leaves so as to prevent the later turning phenomenon, and meanwhile, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to increase nutrient components required by growth and regulate the growth.
In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer in step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.9 part of citric acid chelated zinc, 5.7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.4 parts of urea, 0.6 part of borax, 0.13 part of hordenine, 0.16 part of gallic acid and 490 parts of water.
In the embodiment, the pesticide sprayed in the step (1) is prepared by mixing lime powder and 2% -3% ferrous sulfate powder according to a ratio of 9:1, and 40kg of pesticide is sowed per mu.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer and the compound fertilizer applied in step (3) are applied according to a ratio of 3: 1 by mixing.
In this embodiment, the base fertilizer in step (3) is 55 parts of poultry manure, 25 parts of straw or rice straw and 15 parts of plant ash, the straw is one or more of wheat, peanut and corn, the straw or rice straw is dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher with a sieve pore diameter of 8mm, and the dried poultry manure, the crushed straw or rice straw and the plant ash are mixed and placed in a fermentation tank for stacking and fermentation for 50 days to obtain the required base fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 7 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 5 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts of a potash fertilizer, 1.4 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.152 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.4 parts of manganese sulfate, and 0.2 part of ammonium molybdate.
In the embodiment, the foliar fertilizer in the step (4) is 250g of urea, 180g of boric fertilizer, 120g of monopotassium phosphate and 80g of zinc sulfate, 80kg of water is mixed and sprayed for each mu, and the foliar fertilizer is continuously applied for 3 times every 9 days for 1 time.
In the embodiment, sunflowers are further planted in furrows among ridges of the peanut planting field and around the planting field, and the row spacing of each sunflower is 90 cm.
Analyzing the planting effect of the peanuts: in this example, the above examples 1 to 3 were compared with the control group 1 and the control group 2, the control group 1 of the present invention was prepared by planting peanuts alone in adjacent fields, the control group 2 was prepared by planting sunflowers alone in adjacent fields, the area size was 1 mu, the control group 1 and the control group 2 were prepared by the same conventional planting method and field management, and the analysis results of the planted peanuts and sunflowers are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of peanut and sunflower harvest
In conclusion, the recorded data of the interplanting result show that the yield and the benefit of the peanuts are obvious by adopting the interplanting method of the peanuts and the sunflowers; the seeds of the peanuts and the sunflowers are full, the protein and mineral content is high, and the oil content of the peanuts is increased.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present application is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments where any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Other technical features than those described in the specification are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein in detail in order to highlight the innovative features of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A breeding method of a new peanut variety is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation: selecting a paddy field or a hill with the pH value of 6.5-8, deep soil layer, rich organic matters, good drainage and irrigation for soil preparation, carrying out flat turning in 10-11 months every year, sowing organic fertilizer on the land for soil cultivation before the flat turning, spraying insecticide to disinfect the soil, carrying out spring cultivation and seeding in 3-4 months every year, carrying out ridge land and stubble raking before seeding, wherein the width of the ridge land is 1.2-1.8 m, the depth of the stubble raking is 14-20 cm, the height of the ridge is 25-30 cm, the distance between ridges is 25-35 cm, and the depth of the furrow is 18-20 cm in 2-3 days before seeding;
(2) seed selection and breeding: selecting peanuts with good plant shape, multiple single plants, regular and full pods, consistent pod shape and size and strong disease resistance, measuring the oil content and the oleic acid content by using a near-infrared instrument, selecting single plants with the oil content of more than 55% and the oleic acid content of more than 75%, eliminating other peanut seeds, putting the selected peanut seeds into a magnesium sulfate solution, soaking for 26-30 min, taking out filtrate, placing the filtrate into a vacuum condition at 38-42 ℃ and under the vacuum degree of 920-940 Pa for vacuum treatment for 8-10 min, taking out, airing until the moisture is 20-24%, disinfecting the peanut seeds, reducing the incidence rate of root diseases, and then dressing seeds by using a micro-fertilizer dressing agent to promote the elongation of root systems;
(3) sowing: spraying clomazone for 3-5 days before sowing, sowing 8-12 kg seeds per mu, applying base fertilizer and compound fertilizer to cover while sowing, spraying herbicide 7-10 days after sowing, and supplementing seedlings in time when seedlings are lacking;
(4) field management: the field management of peanuts in each growth period mainly comprises weeding, pest and disease prevention, fertilization, irrigation and drainage, after peanut seedlings come out of the soil, artificial compound fertilizer application and intertillage weeding and soil loosening are carried out at the position 3-5 cm around the roots of the seedlings, seedling strengthening nursing is carried out, and the growth of the root systems of the seedlings is promoted; in the branching stage and the flowering beginning stage of peanuts, branching treatment is carried out to accelerate the sprouting speed of the branches of the stems and leaves so as to prevent the later turning phenomenon, and meanwhile, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to increase nutrient components required by growth and regulate the growth.
2. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8-0.9 part of citric acid chelated zinc, 5.5-5.9 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.3-7.7 parts of urea, 0.5-0.6 part of borax, 0.12-0.14 part of barley malt alkali, 0.15-0.17 part of gallic acid and 480-500 parts of water.
3. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pesticide sprayed in the step (1) is prepared by mixing lime powder and 2% -3% ferrous sulfate powder according to the proportion of 9:1, and 30-50kg of pesticide is sowed per mu.
4. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base fertilizer and the compound fertilizer applied in the step (3) are applied according to the ratio of 3: 1 are mixed.
5. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base fertilizer in the step (3) comprises 50-60 parts of poultry manure, 20-30 parts of straw or rice straw and 10-20 parts of plant ash, wherein the straw is one or more of wheat, peanut and corn, the straw or rice straw is dried in the sun, crushed by a crusher with the aperture of a sieve pore of 5-10 mm, and the dried poultry manure, the crushed straw or rice straw and the plant ash are mixed and placed in a fermentation tank to be stacked and fermented for 40-60 days to prepare the required base fertilizer.
6. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 6-9 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3-7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 4-8 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.12-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.8-1.8 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.08-0.4 parts of ammonium molybdate.
7. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foliar fertilizer in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 180-280 g of urea, 120-200 g of boron fertilizer, 90-180 g of monopotassium phosphate and 50-100 g of zinc sulfate, spraying 60-100 kg of water per mu in a mixing manner, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times every 7-15 days.
8. The breeding method of a new peanut variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sunflowers are also planted in furrows among ridges of the peanut planting field and around the planting field, and the row spacing of each sunflower is 80-100 cm.
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| CN107409691A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-12-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | One implantation methods cultivated peanut |
| CN107593349A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-19 | 旌德县三合绿色食品开发有限公司 | The one high-yield planting method cultivated peanut |
| CN108040792A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 凤阳县中益绿洲花木种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of good quality and high output peanut |
| KR20210093405A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-28 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 레스베라 | Producing Method of Peanut Sprouts |
| CN113455386A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-oil and high-oleic acid peanut variety |
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| KR101351643B1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-01-15 | 윤춘식 | Cultivating method of peanut sprouts |
| CN104335807A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-11 | 高深 | Planting method for soybeans |
| CN107409691A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-12-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | One implantation methods cultivated peanut |
| CN107593349A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-19 | 旌德县三合绿色食品开发有限公司 | The one high-yield planting method cultivated peanut |
| CN108040792A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 凤阳县中益绿洲花木种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of good quality and high output peanut |
| KR20210093405A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-28 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 레스베라 | Producing Method of Peanut Sprouts |
| CN113455386A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-01 | 山东青农产业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-oil and high-oleic acid peanut variety |
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