CN114981084A - 酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板 - Google Patents
酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114981084A CN114981084A CN202180009439.9A CN202180009439A CN114981084A CN 114981084 A CN114981084 A CN 114981084A CN 202180009439 A CN202180009439 A CN 202180009439A CN 114981084 A CN114981084 A CN 114981084A
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- Prior art keywords
- phenolic resin
- resin foam
- mass
- surface material
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 96
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- -1 fire doors Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000008259 solid foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1OC1CCCC1 JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\Cl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 5
- CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1O CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)Cl ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furaldehyde Natural products O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000000752 ionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,6-dihydrazinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=NC(NN)=NC(NN)=N1 CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLOLSXYRJFEOTA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\C(F)(F)F NLOLSXYRJFEOTA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)F FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- USVVENVKYJZFMW-ONEGZZNKSA-N (e)-carboxyiminocarbamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\N=N\C(O)=O USVVENVKYJZFMW-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QSSVZVNYQIGOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl QSSVZVNYQIGOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)=CC(F)(F)F QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGUQBEGFRUTZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)Cl FGUQBEGFRUTZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEXCLMKCCLUUKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)C=C(F)Cl SEXCLMKCCLUUKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USCSECLOSDIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)=CCl USCSECLOSDIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZHLPWNZCJEPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-methylbutane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCl CZHLPWNZCJEPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropentane Chemical compound CCCCCCl SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAOGXBHBKZGVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3-trichloro-3-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)=C IAOGXBHBKZGVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAPGBTZUBKUKOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(Cl)=C IAPGBTZUBKUKOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZTWWVBZLLQHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,1,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(Cl)=C(F)F UZTWWVBZLLQHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UAHVVXPNJLRMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC=C(F)C(F)Cl UAHVVXPNJLRMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NGFMICBWJRZIBI-JZRPKSSGSA-N Salicin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1)c1c(CO)cccc1 NGFMICBWJRZIBI-JZRPKSSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940053991 aldehydes and derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-salicin Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC=CC=C1CO NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其在酚醛树脂发泡体的至少上下面配置有挠性的表面材,对于前述酚醛树脂发泡体,含有HCFO‑1224yd(Z),密度为20kg/m3以上且55kg/m3以下,闭孔率为80%以上,平均气泡直径为60μm以上且200μm以下,来自表面材的渗出面积比率为30%以下,且每22.4×10‑3m3前述酚醛树脂发泡体内的空间体积中、HCFO‑1224yd(Z)的含量为0.06mol以上且0.35mol以下。
Description
相关申请的相互参照
本申请要求于2020年2月6日向日本专利申请的特愿2020-19158和于2020年5月22日向日本专利申请的特愿2020-89399的优先权,将该在先申请的公开整体作为参照引入至此。
技术领域
本发明涉及酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,更详细地,涉及:来自表面材的渗出污染物少的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
背景技术
将甲酚型酚醛树脂作为原料的酸固化型酚醛树脂发泡体不易燃烧,烟的产生少,而且绝热性也良好,因此,一直以来,例如除被用于金属壁板等外壁材料、分隔面板等内壁材料之外,还被用于天花板材料、防火门、和木板套窗等建筑材料。另外,酸固化型酚醛树脂发泡体还作为建筑材料用、工业厂房用的保冷/保温材料被广泛使用。
此处,作为制造酚醛树脂发泡体时使用的发泡剂,从环境问题和建筑物的绝热需求提高的观点出发,近年来,要求更进一步的高绝热化,要求将作为发泡剂的具有特别低的热导率的、HCFO-1224yd(Z)(化学名:(Z)-1-Chloro-2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene)用于酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的技术。
作为使用了HCFO-1224yd(Z)的技术,已知有专利文献1和2中记载的技术。专利文献1中公开了如下方案:对于酚醛树脂发泡体,可以使用HCFO-1224yd(Z)与其他发泡剂的组合。
专利文献2中公开了如下方案:作为相同的热固性树脂发泡体的聚氨酯树脂发泡体中,通过使用HCFO-1224yd(Z),从而能够减小热导率。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开2019/036049号公报
专利文献2:日本2015-105343号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而,专利文献1和2中记载的酚醛树脂发泡体无法同时抑制起因于HCFO-1224yd(Z)的特性的、来自发泡性树脂组合物的扩散、和增塑化所导致的粘度降低,绝热性能降低,无法抑制发泡性树脂组合物向表面材的渗出。
对于其详细情况,以下进行说明。HCFO-1224yd(Z)在HCFO中热导率也小,因此,发泡剂中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的成分比、特别是填充至酚醛树脂发泡体中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的摩尔量对绝热性能产生影响。另一方面,HCFO中HCFO-1224yd(Z)的沸点低,因此,排出至表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物在固化前容易扩散,填充至酚醛树脂发泡体中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的摩尔量容易降低,其结果,具有不易充分产生HCFO-1224yd(Z)的低热导率的问题。另外,HCFO-1224yd(Z)与脂肪族烃等相比,对酚醛树脂的溶解性高,因此,发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的粘度容易降低,其结果,变得容易从表面材渗出,容易引起酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的表面的外观不良。即,难以兼顾低热导率化与抑制向表面材的渗出。
因此,寻求:其使用HCFO-1224yd(z),减小热导率的同时、进而抑制了来自表面材的渗出的外观良好的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
用于解决问题的方案
因此,本发明人等为了解决上述课题而反复深入研究,结果发现如下方法:制造酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板时,与抑制作为沸点低的发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的扩散、且在酚醛树脂组合物中填充所需量一起,减小来自表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出,至此解决了前述课题。
即,本发明提供以下的[1]~[5]。
[1]一种酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其在酚醛树脂发泡体的一面和该一面的背面的至少一者配置有挠性的表面材,前述酚醛树脂发泡体含有HCFO-1224yd(Z),所述酚醛树脂发泡体的密度为20kg/m3以上且55kg/m3以下,闭孔率为80%以上,平均气泡直径为60μm以上且200μm以下,自前述表面材的渗出面积比率为30%以下,且在前述酚醛树脂发泡体内的每22.4×10-3m3的空间体积中,HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量为0.06mol以上且0.35mol以下。
[2]根据[1]所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其包含选自碳数6以下的脂肪族烃和碳数5以下的氯化饱和烃中至少一种气体成分。
[3]根据[1]或[2]所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其中,前述表面材包含无纺布、机织布和纸类中的任意者。
[4]根据[1]~[3]中任一项所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其45°角度下的表面材剥离强度为1000g以下。
[5]根据[1]~[4]中任一项所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其23℃环境下的热导率为0.0185W/m·K以下。
发明的效果
根据本发明,可以提供:具有高的绝热性能、来自表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出少、外观良好的高性能的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
附图说明
图1为45°角度下的表面材剥离强度的测定方法的说明图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明根据其适合的实施方式详细地进行说明。需要说明的是,本发明不限定于以下的实施方式,在其主旨的范围内可以进行各种变形而加以实施。
<酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板>
本实施方式中的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板(以下,有时称为“发泡体层叠板”。)为具备:以大量的气泡分散于通过固化反应而形成的酚醛树脂固化体中的状态存在的酚醛树脂发泡体、和位于该酚醛树脂发泡体的一面和该一面的背面的至少一者的表面材的层叠体。需要说明的是,本实施方式的发泡体层叠板来自表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出少,能将上下的表面材剥离,因此,也可以以将表面材剥离而成的母材的状态,作为阻燃性和绝热性优异的建筑材料等使用。需要说明的是,本实施方式中的“厚度方向”是指:发泡体层叠板的三边中最短的边的尺寸,通常是制造发泡体层叠板时下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物发泡而生长的方向。
另外,酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板除了可以单独使用其之外,还可以与外部构件接合用于各种用途。作为外部构件的例子,有:板状材料和片状/薄膜状材料之一和其组合。作为板状材料,适合的是:普通胶合板、结构用胶合板、刨花板、和OSB等木质系板、水泥木丝板、木片水泥板、石膏板、柔性板、中密度纤维板、硅酸钙板、硅酸镁板、以及火山性玻璃质多层板等。另外,作为片状/薄膜状材料,适合的是:聚酯无纺布、聚丙烯无纺布、无机质填充玻璃纤维无纺布、玻璃纤维无纺布、纸、碳酸钙纸、聚乙烯加工纸、聚乙烯薄膜、塑料系防湿薄膜、沥青防水纸、和铝箔(有孔/无孔)等。
<酚醛树脂发泡体>
本实施方式的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的酚醛树脂发泡体的密度为20kg/m3以上且55kg/m3以下、优选22kg/m3以上且50kg/m3以下、更优选24kg/m3以上且45kg/m3以下、进一步优选26kg/m3以上且40kg/m3以下、最优选26kg/m3以上且36kg/m3以下。密度如果为20kg/m3以上,则可以确保压缩强度、和弯曲强度等机械强度,可以避免操作发泡体时引起破损的情况。另一方面,密度如果为55kg/m3以下,则树脂部的导热不易增大,因此,可以保持绝热性能。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂发泡体的密度只要调整发泡剂在酚醛树脂发泡体中的填充比率即可,主要通过变更发泡剂在酚醛树脂发泡体中的投入比率、发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度、将混合后的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物排出至下表面材上的工序中的预成型的时机、进一步发泡剂的添加量与用作在酸性固化剂的有机酸的添加量之比、温度、滞留时间等固化条件等,从而可以调整为期望的值。
酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的酚醛树脂发泡体的闭孔率为80%以上、优选85%以上、更优选88%以上、进一步优选90%以上、最优选92%以上。闭孔率如果为80%以上,则可以抑制伴随酚醛树脂发泡体中的发泡剂与空气置换的、长期的绝热性能的降低。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂发泡体的闭孔率例如通过变更发泡成核剂的添加量、发泡剂的添加量与用作酸性固化剂的有机酸的添加量之比等,从而可以调整为期望的值。
酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的酚醛树脂发泡体的平均气泡直径为60μm以上且200μm以下、优选65μm以上且180μm以下、更优选70μm以上且155μm以下、最优选75μm以上且130μm以下。平均气泡直径如果为60μm以上,则可以抑制发泡体的密度变高的情况。其结果,可以减小发泡体中的树脂部的导热比率,因此,可以确保酚醛树脂发泡体的绝热性能。另外,相反地平均气泡直径如果为200μm以下,则可以抑制辐射所导致的热导率的增加,可以维持发泡体的高的绝热性能。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂发泡体的平均气泡直径例如通过变更固体发泡成核剂的添加量、发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度、将混合后的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物排出至下表面材上的工序中的预成型的时机、进一步发泡剂的添加量与用作酸性固化剂的有机酸的添加量之比、和温度、滞留时间等固化条件等,从而可以调整为期望的值。
酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的23℃环境下测得的热导率优选0.185W/m·K以下、更优选0.0182W/m·K以下、进一步优选0.0178W/m·K以下、特别优选0.0174W/m·K以下、最优选0.0170W/m·K以下。
而且,酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的酚醛树脂发泡体含有HCFO-1224yd(Z),例如由包含酚醛树脂、表面活性剂、含有HCFO-1224yd(Z)的发泡剂、固体发泡成核剂、以及含有有机酸的酸性固化剂的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物制造。需要说明的是,发泡性酚醛树脂组合物可以任意含有除上述以外的成分、例如苯二甲酸系化合物等。
作为酚醛树脂,使用由碱金属氢氧化物或碱土金属氢氧化物合成的甲酚型酚醛树脂。甲酚型酚醛树脂如下合成:将酚类与醛类作为原料,利用碱催化剂,在40~100℃的温度范围内进行加热而合成。另外,根据需要,在甲酚型酚醛树脂合成时或合成后,也可以添加脲等添加剂。添加脲的情况下,更优选将预先用碱催化剂羟甲基化了的脲混合在甲酚型酚醛树脂中。合成后的甲酚型酚醛树脂通常包含过剩的水分,因此,在发泡时调整为适于发泡的水分量。另外,在酚醛树脂中也可以添加脂肪族烃或高沸点的脂环式烃、或者它们的混合物、乙二醇和二乙二醇等粘度调整用的稀释剂、以及其他根据需要的添加剂。
合成酚醛树脂时的酚类相对于醛类的起始摩尔比优选1:1至1:4.5的范围内、更优选1:1.5至1:2.5的范围内。
此处,本实施方式中合成酚醛树脂时优选使用的酚类为苯酚本身、和其他酚类,作为其他酚类的例子,可以举出间苯二酚、邻苯二酚、邻甲酚、间甲酚和对甲酚、二甲苯酚类、乙基苯酚类、以及对叔丁基苯酚等。另外,也可以使用双核酚类。
另外,醛类只要为能成为醛源的化合物即可,作为醛类,优选使用甲醛本身、能进行解聚而利用的低聚甲醛、和其他醛类、其衍生物。作为其他醛类的例子,可以举出乙二醛、乙醛、三氯乙醛、糠醛、和苯甲醛等。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂中,也可以加入脲、以及双氰胺、三聚氰胺等作为添加剂。本说明书中,加入这些添加剂的情况下,“酚醛树脂”是指加入了添加剂后的树脂。而且,本说明书中,将对于“酚醛树脂”添加表面活性剂而成者称为“酚醛树脂组合物”,将对于“酚醛树脂组合物”添加发泡剂、固体发泡成核剂和酸性固化剂并赋予发泡性和固化性而成者称为“发泡性酚醛树脂组合物”。另外,将酚醛树脂发泡体形成后的树脂部分称为“酚醛树脂固化体”。
酚醛树脂的质均分子量优选900以上、更优选1000以上、进一步优选1150以上、最优选1300以上。而且,该质均分子量优选2500以下、更优选2200以下、进一步优选2050以下、最优选1900以下。酚醛树脂的质均分子量如果为900以上,则抑制发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的内部放热所导致的温度上升,变得容易抑制HCFO-1224yd(Z)成分的扩散。另一方面,酚醛树脂的质均分子量如果为2500以下,则变得容易抑制发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂的质均分子量可以利用本说明书的实施例中记载的方法而测定。
酚醛树脂和酚醛树脂组合物的40℃下的粘度优选5000mPa·s以上且100000mPa·s以下、更优选7000mPa·s以上且50000mPa·s以下、进一步优选9000mPa·s以上且40000mPa·s以下。另外,酚醛树脂和酚醛树脂组合物的水分量优选1.5质量%以上且30质量%以下。
发泡性酚醛树脂组合物中所含的表面活性剂、发泡剂和固体发泡成核剂可以预先添加至酚醛树脂,也可以与酸性固化剂同时添加。
作为表面活性剂,可以使用酚醛树脂发泡体的制造中通常使用者,其中,非离子系的表面活性剂是有效的,例如优选作为环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷的共聚物的环氧烷、环氧烷与蓖麻油的缩合物、环氧烷与壬基苯酚、十二烷基苯酚那样的烷基苯酚的缩合产物、烷基醚部分的碳数为14~22的聚氧乙烯烷基醚、进一步聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯等脂肪酸酯类、聚二甲基硅氧烷等有机硅系化合物、多元醇类等。这些表面活性剂可以单独使用,也可以组合两种以上而使用。另外,对于其用量,没有特别限制,优选:以相对于酚醛树脂100质量份为0.3质量份以上且10质量份以下的范围使用。
发泡剂含有HCFO-1224yd(Z)作为构成成分。发泡剂优选还包含选自碳数6以下的脂肪族烃、和碳数5以下的氯化饱和烃中的至少1者作为除HCFO-1224yd(Z)以外的发泡剂的构成成分。
作为碳数6以下的脂肪族烃,可以使用公知的物质作为发泡剂。例如可以举出异丁烷、正丁烷、环丁烷、正戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷、和新戊烷等。这些烃可以单独使用,也可以组成2种以上而使用。
作为碳数5以下的氯化饱和烃,可以使用碳数为2~5的直链状或支链状者。结合的氯原子的数量无限定,优选1~4,作为氯化脂肪族烃,例如可以举出二氯乙烷、丙基氯、异丙基氯、丁基氯、异丁基氯、戊基氯、和异戊基氯等。它们之中,更优选使用作为氯丙烷的丙基氯和异丙基氯。
另外,发泡剂可以包含除HCFO-1224yd(Z)以外的氢氟烯烃(氯化氢氟烯烃和非氯化氢氟烯烃中的至少任一者)。
作为除HCFO-1224yd(Z)以外的氯化氢氟烯烃,可以举出:1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233zd、例如作为E体(HCFO-1233zd(E))的、Honeywell Japan Inc.制、制品名:Solstice(商标)LBA)、1,1,2-三氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1213xa)、1,2-二氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1223xd)、1,1-二氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1223za)、1-氯-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HCFO-1224zb)、2,3,3-三氯-3-氟丙烯(HCFO-1231xf)、2,3-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯(HCFO-1232xf)、2-氯-1,1,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233xc)、2-氯-1,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233xe)、2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233xf)、1-氯-1,2,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yb)、3-氯-1,1,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yc)、1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yd)、3-氯-1,2,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233ye)、3-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yf)、1-氯-1,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233zb)、和1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233zd)等,可以使用它们的立立体构型异构体、即E体或Z体中的、一者或混合物。进而,还可以举出(E)-1-氯-2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HCFO-1224yd(E))。
作为非氯化氢氟烯烃,可以举出:1,3,3,3-四氟丙-1-烯(HFO-1234ze、例如作为E体(HFO-1234ze(E))的、Honeywell Japan Inc.制、制品名:Solstice(商标)ze)、1,1,1,4,4,4-六氟-2-丁烯(HFO-1336mzz、例如作为Z体(HFO-1336mzz(Z))的、Chemours株式会社制、Opteon(商标)1100)、2,3,3,3-四氟-1-丙烯(HFO-1234yf)、1,1,3,3,3-五氟丙烯(HFO-1225zc)、1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze)、3,3,3-三氟丙烯(HFO-1243zf)、和1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-八氟-2-戊烯(HFO-1438mzz)等,可以使用它们的立立体构型异构体、即E体或Z体中的、一者或混合物。
进而,作为其他发泡剂,没有特别限定,例如可以举出碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、偶氮二羧酸酰胺、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二羧酸钡、N,N’-二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺、p,p’-氧双苯磺酰肼、和三肼基三嗪等化学发泡剂等。这些发泡剂可以单独使用,也可以组成2种以上而使用。
发泡性酚醛树脂组合物中的发泡剂的量根据发泡剂的种类、与酚醛树脂的相容性、温度、以及滞留时间等发泡和固化条件而有时波动,但相对于酚醛树脂和表面活性剂的总计100质量份,优选4.0质量份以上且11.0质量份以下、更优选4.5质量份以上且10.5质量份以下、进一步优选5.0质量份以上且10.0质量份以下。相对于酚醛树脂和表面活性剂的总计每100质量份、发泡剂的量为4.0质量份以上的情况下,可以抑制酚醛树脂发泡体的密度变高。另外,若相对于酚醛树脂和表面活性剂的总计每100质量份、为11.0质量份以下,则可以抑制酚醛树脂发泡体成为低密度,可以使酚醛树脂发泡体具有适度的强度的密度,而且气泡壁面变得不易破裂,变得容易抑制闭孔率的降低。
本实施方式中的、每22.4×10-3m3酚醛树脂发泡体内的空间体积中、HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量为0.06mol以上且0.35mol以下、优选0.11mol以上且0.35mol以下、更优选0.15mol以上且0.35mol以下、进一步优选0.15mol以上且0.30mol以下、最优选0.15mol以上且0.25mol以下。HCFO-1224yd(Z)的量如果为0.06mol以上,则实现酚醛树脂发泡体和酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的低热导率化。另外,HCFO-1224yd(Z)的量如果为0.35mol以下,则可以抑制伴有与酚醛树脂的高亲和性所导致的树脂的增塑化的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的粘度的降低,抑制来自表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出。
本实施方式中,优选在制造酚醛树脂发泡体时使用固体发泡成核剂作为发泡成核剂。作为固体发泡成核剂,也可以添加氢氧化铝粉、氧化铝粉、碳酸钙粉、滑石、高岭土(kaolin)、硅石粉、硅砂、云母、硅酸钙粉、硅灰石、玻璃粉、玻璃微珠、飞灰、硅粉、石膏粉、硼砂、炉渣粉、矾土水泥、波特兰水泥等无机粉末、和酚醛树脂发泡体的粉碎粉末那样的有机粉末。它们可以单独使用,也可以组合2种以上而使用。
固体发泡成核剂只要存在于发泡性酚醛树脂组合物中即可,对其添加时机没有特别限定,但通常添加至酚醛树脂组合物、或在后述的混合工序中与发泡剂同时添加。
固体发泡成核剂的添加量相对于酚醛树脂组合物的100质量份,优选3.0质量份以上且10.0质量份以下、更优选4.0质量份以上且8.0质量份以下。固体发泡成核剂的添加量如果为3.0质量份以上,则变得难以抑制来自表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出。另外,通过使固体发泡成核剂的添加量为10.0质量份以下,从而变得容易抑制作为沸点低的发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的扩散。
酸性固化剂只要为可以使酚醛树脂组合物固化的酸性的固化剂即可,含有有机酸作为酸成分。作为有机酸,优选芳基磺酸、或者它们的酐。作为芳基磺酸和其酐,可以举出甲苯磺酸、二甲苯磺酸、苯酚磺酸、取代苯酚磺酸、二甲苯酚磺酸、取代二甲苯酚磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸、苯磺酸、萘磺酸等、和它们的酐,它们可以使用一种,也可以组合二种以上。需要说明的是,本实施方式中,作为固化助剂,可以添加间苯二酚、甲酚、水杨苷(邻羟甲基苯酚)和对羟甲基苯酚等。另外,这些固化剂可以用乙二醇和二乙二醇等溶剂稀释。
酸性固化剂的用量根据其种类而不同,使用对甲苯磺酸一水合物60质量%与二乙二醇40质量%的混合物的情况下,相对于酚醛树脂与表面活性剂的总计100质量份,优选以8质量份以上且20质量份以下、更优选以10质量份以上且15质量份以下使用。
作为配置于酚醛树脂发泡体的一面和该一面的背面的至少一者的表面材,使用具有挠性的表面材(挠性表面材)。作为使用的挠性表面材,优选主成分包含聚酯、聚丙烯、和尼龙等的无纺布或机织布、牛皮纸、玻璃纤维混抄纸、氢氧化钙纸、氢氧化铝纸、和硅酸镁纸等纸类、或玻璃纤维无纺布那样的无机纤维的无纺布等,也可以将它们混合(或层叠)而使用。从得到的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板剥离表面材仅利用母材的情况下,优选剥离后能废弃的廉价的纸类。这些表面材通常以卷状的形态提供。进而,作为挠性表面材,也可以使用混炼阻燃剂等添加剂而成者。需要说明的是,表面材与酚醛树脂发泡体的粘接方法可以采用各种方法,也可以使用环氧树脂等粘接剂,从制造成本方面、和防止制造工序的复杂化的方面出发,酚醛树脂发泡体优选仅基于在表面材表面发生热固化时的固着力。
来自表面材的渗出的比率可以根据后述的测定方法而评价,为30%以下。优选25%以下、更优选20%以下、进一步优选15%以下、最优选10%以下。如果为30%以下,则可以得到外观良好的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,且45°角度下的表面材剥离强度也变低,剥离表面材作为酚醛树脂发泡体利用也成为可能。
本实施方式的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的45°角度下的表面材剥离强度优选1000g以下、更优选900g以下、进一步优选800g以下、最优选700g以下。酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的45°角度下的表面材剥离强度如果为1000g以下,则表面材变得容易剥离,无表面材下的使用也变得容易。此处,45°角度下的表面材剥离强度通过变更HCFO-1224yd(Z)的添加量、固体发泡成核剂的使用和添加量、酚醛树脂的质均分子量、以及发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度等,从而可以调整为期望的值。需要说明的是,酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的45°角度下的表面材剥离强度可以用本说明书的实施例中记载的方法测定。
<酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的制造方法>
接着,对上述酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的制造方法进行说明。
酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的制造方法可以采用具备如下工序的连续制造方式:将上述发泡性酚醛树脂组合物在混合机中进行混合的混合工序;将混合后的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物排出至下表面材上的排出工序;由排出至下表面材上的酚醛树脂组合物制造酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的发泡体层叠板制造工序。
连续制造方式中,将排出至下表面材上的酚醛树脂组合物用上表面材覆盖后,边进行发泡和固化边从上下方向均匀地进行预成型,之后,推进发泡和固化且逐渐主成型为板状。
连续制造方式中,作为进行预成型、主成型的方法,可以举出:利用板条式双输送机的方法;利用金属辊或钢板的方法;进而,将这些组合了多种而并利用的方法等符合制造目的的各种方法。其中,例如,利用板条式双输送机进行成型的情况下,将用上下面表面材覆盖的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物连续地引导至板条式双输送机中后,边加热边从上下方向施加压力,调整为规定的厚度,且进行发泡和固化,可以成型为板状。
排出至下表面材上时的、发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度优选35℃以上且45℃以下。发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度如果为35℃以上,则发泡性酚醛树脂组合物在初始变得容易发泡,因此,变得容易抑制来自下表面材的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的渗出。另一方面,发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度如果为45℃以下,则变得容易抑制作为沸点低的发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的扩散。需要说明的是,排出至下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度可以通过调整混合各种组合物的混频头的温度调节水温度、流量、和转速等而进行。
使排出至下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物进行发泡和固化且从上表面材上进行预成型的工序期望设为40℃以上且80℃以下。如果为40℃以上,则变得容易得到预成型工序中的发泡的促进效果,可以促进固化。另外,如果为80℃以下,则不易受到厚度方向中心部附近处的内部放热的影响,中心部温度不易变高,可以抑制闭孔率的降低。
使发泡性酚醛树脂组合物进行发泡和固化时,为了抑制厚度方向中心部附近处的内部放热所导致的闭孔率的降低且有效地促进固化,重要的是,继着预成型工序后,设置主成型工序和后固化工序,阶段性地进行升温。接着预成型工序的主成型工序的加热温度调节条件期望为65℃以上且100℃以下。在该区间,可以使用无端钢带型双输送机或板条型双输送机、或辊等进行主成型。另外,由于为进行发泡和固化反应的主工序,因此,主成型工序的滞留时间优选设为5分钟以上且2小时以内。滞留时间如果为5分钟以上,则可以充分促进发泡和固化。滞留时间如果为2小时以内,则可以提高酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的生产效率。需要说明的是,使用传输机时,期望上下的传输机温度差设为低于4℃。
经过预成型工序和主成型工序的温度调节区间进行加热温度调节后,应用后固化工序。后固化工序的温度优选90℃以上且120℃以下。如果为90℃以上,则发泡板中的水分变得容易扩散,如果为120℃以下,则抑制制品的闭孔率的降低,可以体现高绝热性能。通过设置后固化工序的温度调节区间,从而进行最终成型后,可以使发泡性酚醛树脂组合物中的水分扩散。
实施例
以下,根据实施例和比较例,对本发明进而详细地进行说明,但本发明不限定于这些。
<酚醛树脂A的合成>
在反应器中,投入52质量%甲醛水溶液(52质量%福尔马林)3500kg和99质量%苯酚2510kg(包含水作为杂质),利用螺旋桨旋转式的搅拌机进行搅拌,利用湿度调节机,将反应器内部液温度调整至40℃。然后,边加入48质量%氢氧化钠水溶液边进行升温,进行反应。在反应液的奥斯特瓦尔德粘度达到110厘沲(=110×10-6m2/s、25℃下的测定值)的阶段,将反应液冷却,添加脲398kg。之后,将反应液冷却至30℃,用对甲苯磺酸一水合物的50质量%水溶液将pH中和至6.4。
对该反应液在60℃下进行浓缩处理,得到酚醛树脂A。需要说明的是,分别用以下方法测定酚醛树脂A的质均分子量、和40℃下的粘度,结果质均分子量为1300、40℃下的粘度为9700mPa·s。
<粘度>
使用旋转粘度计(东机产业株式会社制、R-100型、转子部为3°×R-14),将在40℃下稳定3分钟后的测定值作为酚醛树脂的粘度。
<质均分子量>
通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定在以下的条件下进行测定,根据通过后面所示的标准物质(标准聚苯乙烯、2-羟基苄醇和苯酚)得到的标准曲线求出酚醛树脂的质均分子量Mw。
预处理:
将使酚醛树脂约10mg溶解于N,N二甲基甲酰胺(和光纯药工业株式会社制、高效液相色谱用)1ml,用0.2μm膜滤器过滤而成者用作测定溶液。
测定条件:
测定装置:Shodex System21(昭和电工株式会社制)
柱:Shodex asahipak GF-310HQ(7.5mmI.D.×30cm)
洗脱液:使溴化锂0.1质量%溶解于N,N二甲基甲酰胺(和光纯药工业株式会社制、高效液相色谱用)而使用。
流量:0.6ml/分钟
检测器:RI检测器
柱温:40℃
标准物质:标准聚苯乙烯(昭和电工株式会社制“Shodex standard SL-105”)、2-羟基苄醇(Sigma-Aldrich公司制、99%品)、苯酚(关东化学株式会社制、特级)
<酚醛树脂B的合成>
在反应液的奥斯特瓦尔德粘度达到80厘沲(=80×10-6m2/s、25℃下的测定值)的阶段,将反应液冷却,添加脲430kg,除此之外,按照与酚醛树脂A同样的步骤合成,调整反应液的浓缩条件,从而得到质均分子量为900、40℃下的粘度为9800mPa·s的酚醛树脂B。
<酚醛树脂C的合成>
在反应液的奥斯特瓦尔德粘度达到240厘沲(=160×10-6m2/s、25℃下的测定值)的阶段,将反应液冷却,添加脲310kg,除此之外,按照与酚醛树脂A同样的步骤合成,调整反应液的浓缩条件,从而得到质均分子量为2500、40℃下的粘度为9300mPa·s的酚醛树脂C。
<酚醛树脂D的合成>
在反应液的奥斯特瓦尔德粘度达到75厘沲(=75×10-6m2/s、25℃下的测定值)的阶段,将反应液冷却,添加脲450kg,除此之外,按照与酚醛树脂A同样的步骤合成,调整反应液的浓缩条件,从而得到质均分子量为800、40℃下的粘度为9500mPa·s的酚醛树脂D。
<酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的制造方法>
(实施例1)
对于酚醛树脂A100质量份,以3.0质量份的比率混合作为表面活性剂的以质量比率分别各含有50%的环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物与聚氧乙烯十二烷基苯基醚的组合物。将其作为酚醛树脂组合物。对于包含上述表面活性剂的酚醛树脂组合物100质量份,添加包含相对于酚醛树脂组合物为4.0质量份的作为固体发泡成核剂的酚醛树脂发泡体粉末、作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)40质量%与环戊烷60质量%的混合物7.2质量份、进而作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物12.0质量份,供给至温度调节至18℃的可变转速的混频头。需要说明的是,此处使用的酚醛树脂发泡体粉末是按照与日本特开2008-024868号的实施例1同样的步骤粉碎了的、酚醛树脂发泡体(旭化成建材株式会社制Neoma Foam)粉碎粉(平均粒径为28.0μm、体积密度为181kg/m3),在添加发泡剂和酸性固化剂前,在双螺杆挤出机中与酚醛树脂组合物混炼。之后,将发泡剂和酸性固化剂混合,将得到的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物在多端口配管中进行分配,供给至移动的下表面材上。需要说明的是,混合机(mixer)使用日本特开平10-225993号中公开者。即,使用如下混合机:在混合机的上部侧面有包含固体发泡成核剂的酚醛树脂组合物、和发泡剂的导入口,在转子搅拌的搅拌部的中央附近的侧面具备酸性固化剂的导入口。搅拌部以及其后连接于用于排出发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的喷嘴。即,混合机如下构成:将直至酸性固化剂导入口作为混合部(前段)、酸性固化剂导入口~搅拌结束部作为混合部(后段)、搅拌结束部~喷嘴作为分配部,由此构成。分配部在前端具有多个喷嘴,以混合后的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物均匀分配的方式进行设计。进而,分配部成为夹套式结构,使得利用温度调节水可以充分换热,将分配部的温度调节水温度设定为23℃。另外,在多端口配管的排出口以能检测发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度的方式设置热电偶,将混频头的转速设定为300rpm。此时的排出至下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物的温度为39℃。将供给至下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物导入到温度调节至65℃的预成型工序,30秒后,从上表面材上方用自由辊进行预成型。预成型如下:在成为排出时的起泡高度的2/3的高度安装辊并调节。之后,以用两张表面材夹持的方式,导入到加热至83℃的板条型双输送机(主成型工序),在15分钟的滞留时间内进行固化后,在110℃的烘箱中熟化2小时(后固化工序),得到厚度50mm的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。需要说明的是,作为表面材,上下表面材均使用聚酯无纺布(旭化成株式会社ELTAS E05060、单位面积重量60g/m2)。
然后,根据以下的方法评价得到的酚醛树脂发泡体和酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的特性(酚醛树脂发泡体的密度、闭孔率、平均气泡直径、每22.4×10-3m3酚醛树脂发泡体内的空间体积中HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量、来自表面材的渗出面积比率、45°角度下的表面材剥离强度、和23℃环境下的热导率)。
<酚醛树脂发泡体的密度>
将200mm见方的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板作为试样,从该试样去除表面材后,依据JIS K7222,测定质量和表观容积而求出。
<酚醛树脂发泡体的闭孔率>
依据ASTM-D-2856(C法)而测定。具体而言,从酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板去除表面材后,将直径35mm~36mm的圆柱形试样用软木钻孔机刳刨贯通,切齐成高度30mm~40mm后,根据空气比较式比重计(Tokyo Science Co.,Ltd.制、1000型)的标准使用方法测定试样容积。从该试样容积中减去由试样质量和酚醛树脂固化体的密度计算出的壁(气泡、空隙以外的部分)的容积而得到的值除以由试样的外部尺寸计算出的表观的容积,将得到的值作为闭孔率。此处,酚醛树脂固化体的密度设为1.3kg/L。
<酚醛树脂发泡体的平均气泡直径>
平均气泡直径将JIS K6402中记载的方法作为参考、以以下的方法测定。与表背面平行地切削酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的厚度方向的大致中央,将得到的试验片的切断面用放大至50倍的扫描型电子显微镜拍摄照片,在得到的照片上避开空隙,引出90mm的长度(相当于实际发泡体截面中的1800μm)的直线4条,在各直线上求出依据各直线横切的气泡的数量而测定的泡孔数,将它们的平均值除以1800μm而得到的值作为平均气泡直径。
<来自表面材的渗出面积比率>
用笔围绕酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的上下表面材上的发泡性酚醛树脂组合物渗出的部位进行标记后,用数码相机拍摄该酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的300mm×300mm区域,进行色调校正后,用像素计数器软件分别计数树脂组合物渗出的部位的像素数和300mm×300mm区域整体的像素数,以下述计算式(1)算出渗出面积比率。
来自表面材的渗出面积比率(%)=(所围成的部分的像素数/300mm×300mm区域整体的像素数)×100(1)
<45°角度下的表面材剥离强度>
如以下测定并求出酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的45°角度下的表面材剥离强度(参照图1)。首先,将酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板切成宽度50mm、长度120mm(长度方向与制品流动方向一致),剥离位于上下面的表面材(a)、(b)中的一个表面材(b)。之后,将剥离表面材(b)后的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板沿与上下面平行方向切断,从而准备具备表面材(a)的宽度50mm、长度120mm、厚度25mm的评价用样品1。接着,在距离评价用样品1的长度方向的一端20mm的位置,使用切割机,从不具有表面材(a)的一侧的面沿厚度方向引入深20mm的切口。在该切口位置,沿厚度方向慎重地分割评价用样品的母材2。此时,不施加长度方向的力以使表面材(a)(相当于图1中的表面材3)不会从母材2上剥离。然后,母材被分割的评价用样品1在母材的长度较长一侧的部位如图1用夹具7保持使其与水平面成为45°的角度,另外,在母材的长度较短的一侧的部位前端借助纸夹4安装用金属丝5连接的容器6。之后,使用泵(未作图示)向空的容器6内以100g/分钟的投入速度连续地投入水。测定表面材3沿评价用样品1的长度方向、距离切口位置剥离了50mm的时刻时的容器6内的水的质量。进行同样的操作二次,将纸夹4、金属丝5、容器6、和得到的水的质量的总计的平均值作为表面材剥离强度(a)。进一步另行准备具备表面材(b)的、宽度50mm、长度120mm、厚度25mm的评价用样品,与表面材剥离强度(a)同样地求出表面材剥离强度(b)。然后,将表面材剥离强度(a)和表面材剥离强度(b)中的较低者的值作为酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的45°角度下的表面材剥离强度(单位:g)。
<固体物中的水分量>
用具有舟型水分气化装置的卡尔费歇尔水分计,测定以110℃加热并气化的水分。
<发泡体中含有的HCFO-1224yd(Z)和其他发泡气体的组成比>
在10L容器(制品名泰德拉采样袋)中放入剥离了表面材的发泡体试样10g和金属制锉并密封,注入氮气5L。使用锉从泰德拉采样袋上切削试样,较细地粉碎。然后,放入温度调节至81℃的温度调节机内10分钟。采集泰德拉采样袋中产生的气体100μL,用GC/MS测定,分析产生的气体成分的种类和组成比。需要说明的是,发泡气体的种类由保留时间和质谱进行鉴定。另行测定产生的气体成分的检测灵敏度,由上述GC/MS中得到的各气体成分的检测区域面积和检测灵敏度算出组成比。
(GC/MS条件)
如以下设定并进行GC/MS的测定。
气相色谱:Agilent Technology Inc制“Agilent7890型”
载气:氦气
流量:1ml/分钟
注入口的温度:150℃
注入方法:分流法(1/10)
试样的注入量:溶液1μL(气体试样的情况下,使用气密注射器100μl)
柱温:40℃(5分钟)后,以50℃/分钟升温至150℃,保持4.8分钟质谱法:日本电子株式会社制“Q1000GC型”
离子化方法:电子离子化法(70eV)
扫描范围:m/Z=10~500
电压:-1300V
离子源温度:230℃
界面温度:150℃
<酚醛树脂发泡体中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量>
将酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板样品切成约100mm见方,准备受试片6个,且准备能密封的具有耐热性的带卡盘的袋子(以下简记作带卡盘的袋子)6袋,用精密天平测定各袋子的质量。将受试片放入温度调节至70℃的循环式烘箱内24±0.5小时,使含有的水分飞散后,迅速地放入带卡盘的袋子并密封,冷却至室温。冷却至室温后,从带卡盘的袋子取出受试片,迅速地剥离受试片的表面材,且精密天平测定利用各受试片的质量(W1),且利用游标卡尺测定各边的长度,算出受试片的体积(V)。之后,将各受试片放回到带卡盘的袋子中,残留一部分的开口部,放入室温的油压加压机的盘面间,用油压加压机缓慢地压缩至约200N/cm2的压力,破坏受试片的气泡。对于6个受试片内的3个受试片,采集受试片的一部分试样,根据前述固体物中的水分量的测定法,测定含有的水分量,求出将3点平均的水分量(WS1)。为了测定上述水分量,对于使一部分采集的3个受试片的残留、和除此之外的3个受试片,然后收纳至残留了一部分的开口部的带受试片的带卡盘的袋子内不变地,放入温度调节至81℃的循环式烘箱内30±5分钟。之后,以粉末不会从袋子中排出的方式立即将袋子内气体排出,密封袋子,冷却至室温。冷却至室温后,用精密天平测定上述未进行水分率测定用试样采集的、带受试片的带卡盘的袋子的质量,减去带卡盘的袋子的质量,测定去除了挥发成分的质量(W2)3个点。同时地,从上述中进行了水分率测定用试样采集的3个受试片的袋子进一步采集一部分试样,同样地测定水分量。求出将3个点平均的水分量(WS2)。即,本试验中的、W1、W2测量时的各水分量分别成为下述式(2)中的WS1、和WS2。
对于发泡体中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)和其他发泡气体质量,从上述W1与W2的差值中减去WS1与WS2的差值,且加上从受试片的体积(V)中减去将固体酚醛树脂密度定义为通常已知的酚醛树脂的密度即1.3g/cm3、由W2计算出的树脂体积而得到的体积(发泡体内的空间体积)、与由空气的密度(0.00119g/mL)计算出的空气浮力质量(WF),测定挥发成分质量(W3)。得到的W3乘以测得的HCFO-1224yd(Z)和其他发泡气体成分中比率,算出HCFO-1224yd(Z)的质量(W4)。
W3、WF分别用下述式表示。
W3=(W1-W2)-(WS1-WS2)+WF (2)
WF=(V-W2/1.3)×0.00119 (3)
发泡体中的HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量(mol/22.4×10-3m3)通过使用HCFO-1224yd(Z)的分子量而算出。
<23℃环境下的热导率>
依据JIS A 1412-2:1999,用以下的方法测定23℃的环境下的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的厚度方向的热导率。具体的步骤如以下所述。
将酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板切成300mm见方,将受试片放入23±1℃/湿度50±2%的气氛中。之后,每隔24小时测定重量的经时变化,进行状态的确认和调节直至经过24小时后的重量变化成为0.2质量%以下。将状态调节后的发泡体层叠板受试片导入至置于相同的23±1℃/湿度50±2%的气氛中的热导率装置。热导率测定装置不放置于控制为放入了发泡体层叠板受试片的23±1%/湿度50±2%的室内的情况下,将进行了前述气氛中状态的确认和调节的受试片迅速地放入聚乙烯制的袋子并关闭袋子,1小时以内从袋子中取出,迅速地测定热导率。
热导率测定如下进行:23℃的热导率在低温板13℃、高温板33℃的条件下用1张试验体·对象构成方式的测定装置(英弘精机株式会社、商品名“HC-074/FOX304”)而进行。
(实施例2)
使混合机分配部的温度调节水温度为16℃,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例3)
使混合机分配部的温度调节水温度为28℃,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例4)
使用酚醛树脂B代替酚醛树脂A,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例5)
使用酚醛树脂C代替酚醛树脂A,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例6)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)65质量%与环戊烷35质量%的混合物7.6质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.0质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例7)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)40质量%与异戊烷60质量%的混合物7.7质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.2质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例8)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)40质量%与2-氯丙烷60质量%的混合物8.3质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.3质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例9)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)40质量%、HCFO-1233zd(E)35质量%、和环戊烷25质量%的混合物9.7质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.5质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例10)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)40质量%、HCFO-1233zd(E)35质量%、和异戊烷25质量%的混合物9.7质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.6质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例11)
对于酚醛树脂组合物添加作为固体发泡成核剂的氢氧化铝粉末(巴工业株式会社制、B-325、平均粒径23.0μm)3.0质量%,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(实施例12)
添加包含作为发泡剂的HCFO-1224yd(Z)85质量%与环戊烷15质量%的混合物7.9质量份、作为酸性固化剂的二甲苯磺酸80质量%与二乙二醇20质量%的混合物的组合物13.2质量份,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(比较例1)
使用酚醛树脂D代替酚醛树脂A,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(比较例2)
作为发泡成核剂,不使用固体发泡成核剂,以相对于发泡剂100质量份成为1质量%的方式添加作为气体发泡成核剂的氮气,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(比较例3)
使混合机分配部的温度调节水温度为14℃,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
(比较例4)
使混合机分配部的温度调节水温度为30℃,除此之外,与实施例1同样地得到酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板。
将实施例1~12和比较例1~4的特征的制造条件、以及得到的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板的特性评价结果归纳于表1。
[表1]
根据表1可知,实施例1~12中得到的醛树脂发泡体层叠板与比较例1~4中得到的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板相比,实现低热导率化而不减少发泡剂在该层叠板中的填充量,且也满足该层叠板向表面材的渗出抑制。
附图标记说明
1 评价用样品
2 评价用样品的泡沫部
3 评价用样品的下表面材
4 纸夹
5 金属丝
6 容器
7 夹具
Claims (5)
1.一种酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其在酚醛树脂发泡体的一面和该一面的背面的至少一者配置有挠性的表面材,所述酚醛树脂发泡体含有HCFO-1224yd(Z),所述酚醛树脂发泡体的密度为20kg/m3以上且55kg/m3以下,闭孔率为80%以上,平均气泡直径为60μm以上且200μm以下,自所述表面材的渗出面积比率为30%以下,且在所述酚醛树脂发泡体内的每22.4×10-3m3的空间体积中,HCFO-1224yd(Z)的含量为0.06mol以上且0.35mol以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其包含选自碳数6以下的脂肪族烃和碳数5以下的氯化饱和烃中至少一种气体成分。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其中,所述表面材包含无纺布、机织布和纸类中的任意者。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其45°角度下的表面材剥离强度为1000g以下。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的酚醛树脂发泡体层叠板,其23℃环境下的热导率为0.0185W/m·K以下。
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