CN114731888A - Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry - Google Patents
Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114731888A CN114731888A CN202210265892.2A CN202210265892A CN114731888A CN 114731888 A CN114731888 A CN 114731888A CN 202210265892 A CN202210265892 A CN 202210265892A CN 114731888 A CN114731888 A CN 114731888A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- greenhouse
- cherries
- cherry
- soil
- advancing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000010401 Prunus avium Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 244000007021 Prunus avium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010198 maturation time Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 240000008866 Ziziphus nummularia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001746 carotenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005473 carotenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: selecting soil: selecting sandy loam or loam which is sheltered from wind and exposed to the sun, has low underground water level, flat terrain, deep soil layer, good air permeability and strong water retention; step two: greenhouse construction: constructing a greenhouse outside the selected soil, wherein a film covered by the greenhouse selects chlorinated polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride as main bodies, a foam layer and a wear-resistant layer are arranged outside the greenhouse to ensure light transmittance, and a liftable waterproof quilt is arranged on the film covered; through setting up air conditioning equipment and carbon dioxide regulator inside the greenhouse to can adjust the ripe environment of cherry, and chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride are selected as the main part to the tectorial membrane in greenhouse, externally set up bubble cotton layer and wearing layer simultaneously, guarantee the luminousness, thereby make the cherry tree can improve the light energy utilization rate, and then reduce the content of traditional chinese medicine agent in the cherry, the maturation time of cherry in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cherry planting, in particular to a method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries.
Background
Cherries are mainly classified into three categories: the American large cherry, the European sweet cherry and the Chinese small cherry, and other varieties are cultivated on the basis of the three categories. The nutritional value of cherries is very high: the iron content of every hundred grams of cherries is as high as 5.9mg, and the cherry belongs to the first fruit family; the carotene content is 4-5 times more than that of grapes, apples and oranges; in addition, the cherry also contains vitamin B, C and mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus. The cherries have rich nutritional value, but the fresh cherries are not easy to preserve due to thin peel, and the cherries are generally ripe in 4-5 months every year, so that the large demand of people on the cherries before and after the spring festival can not be met, and the ripening value of the cherries in the spring festival is the highest, so that the ripening period of the cherries is generally advanced through manual intervention.
The existing cherry early maturing method generally only selects the cultivar of the cherry, increases the temperature through a film covering, and thus advances the maturing time of the cherry, but applies a foliar fertilizer in the actual use process, but lacks the adjustment of carbon dioxide and illumination in a greenhouse, so that the cherry is difficult to fully decompose a medicament, and the quality of the produced cherry is low, so that a method for advancing the maturing time of the sweet cherry is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior art is lack of adjustment of carbon dioxide and illumination in a greenhouse, so that the cherries are difficult to fully decompose medicaments, and the quality of the produced cherries is low, and provides a method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting soil: selecting sandy loam or loam which is sheltered from wind and exposed to the sun, has low underground water level, flat terrain, deep soil layer, good air permeability and strong water retention;
step two: greenhouse construction: constructing a greenhouse outside the selected soil, wherein a film covered by the greenhouse selects chlorinated polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride as main bodies, a foam layer and a wear-resistant layer are arranged outside the greenhouse to ensure light transmittance, and a liftable waterproof quilt is arranged on the film covered;
step three: hardware installation: a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in a constructed greenhouse, and an air conditioning device and a carbon dioxide regulator are arranged in the greenhouse;
the fourth step: cultivation: in the cultivation process, the plant spacing is controlled to be 1.5m-2.0m, the row spacing is 3.0m-4.0m, and the plants are planted in the north-south direction;
the fifth step: fertilizing: fertilizing 3-5 times every year in a young tree stage, wherein the fertilizer is applied 1-2 times underground, leaf surfaces are sprayed for 2-3 times, cherry trees within 5 years are regularly trimmed, heads of the cherry trees are removed during trimming, main stem branches are trimmed, meanwhile, a protective agent is smeared at the fracture, vigorous and weak branches on the cherry trees are cut off in the growth process of the cherry trees, the flourishing crown of the cherry trees is guaranteed, and finally weak branches on the cherry trees are cut off before the flowering phase, so that the cherry trees keep a high-light-efficiency tree shape;
and a sixth step: early maturing: the method comprises the steps of directionally fertilizing cherries 15 days before the cherries sprout to ensure that the soil humidity of the cherries is controlled to be 62.5-68.9% before the cherries bloom, applying bacterial manure containing humic acid and potassium fulvate to the cherries in a dormant state to enable the cherries to quickly revive, enabling the temperature inside a greenhouse to be kept at 1.2-1.7 ℃ to be increased by a temperature adjusting device in early spring, controlling the content of carbon dioxide inside the greenhouse in real time to ensure the light energy utilization rate of fruit trees, and spraying 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3% of urea or other leaf fertilizers after flower falling.
The above technical solution further comprises:
the orientation of the greenhouse is that the greenhouse sits north and faces south, and the pH value of the selected soil is 6.0-7.5.
The temperature from the time of germination to flowering in the daytime is 18-20 ℃, and the temperature at night is 6-7 ℃;
the temperature in daytime and night is 20-22 deg.C and 5-7 deg.C respectively during flowering period.
The humidity of the air in the germination stage is 80%, the humidity of the soil is 80%, the humidity of the air in the rest time is controlled at 60%, and the humidity of the soil is controlled at 60-67%.
The foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every 7 to 10 days in the spraying process, and is continuously sprayed for 3 to 5 times, so that the fruit expansion is promoted.
And finally, when the foliar fertilizer is sprayed for 2 to 3 times, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of amino acid calcium or sugar alcohol calcium constant-speed effect calcium fertilizer is added to prevent fruit cracking before picking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the cherry tree greenhouse, the air conditioning device and the carbon dioxide regulator are arranged inside the greenhouse, so that the mature environment of cherries can be adjusted, chlorinated polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride are selected as main bodies for the film covering of the greenhouse, and meanwhile, the foam layer and the wear-resistant layer are arranged outside the greenhouse, so that the light transmittance is guaranteed, the light energy utilization rate of the cherry trees can be improved, the content of the traditional Chinese medicine agent in the cherries is reduced, the cherry ripening time is advanced, meanwhile, the cherry trees are trimmed, the cherry trees are always in a high-light-efficiency tree shape, and the uniform yield of the cherry trees and the quality of fruits are guaranteed.
Detailed Description
Example one
The three-span sunlight greenhouse is in the south-north direction, the area is 400-667 m2, and the interior is blocked by a glass wall. The sunlight greenhouse steel frame structure has the span of 10m, the length of 40m, the wall height of 4m, the ridge height of 5m, the wall and gable thickness of 50cm, the polyvinyl chloride non-drop antifogging film, and the greenhouse film is covered by a double-layer heat-insulating cover. The refrigeration machine host machine selects a 10AV10K ammonia refrigeration compressor produced by a water wheel group in a smoke platform city; each greenhouse is provided with 1 DJ260 stainless steel cold and warm air blower manufactured by Hengfeng company in Zizhuang for diffusing cold air. In order to prevent overcast and rainy weather and too low temperature in the greenhouse, a heat supply 400m2 hot blast stove which is produced in a large-scale mode is arranged at the middle position outside the greenhouse, a cylindrical pipeline is made of canvas, and the 3 test greenhouses are communicated. The sweet cherry variety is red light, the tree age is more than 10 years, the flower buds are full, the number is large, the tree body is short and strong, the branch arrangement is reasonable, the row spacing is 3.Om multiplied by 1.5m, and 30 plants are planted in each greenhouse. According to the model of O-7.2 ℃, the cold requirement of the variety is 400 hours, the natural dormancy period of open field cultivation in the market of jujube village is about 100 days, the greenhouse covering cooling is carried out every 8 months, 6 days, 12 days and 20 days, the greenhouse covering is followed by 15 days to be a low-temperature transition period, the temperature is reduced by 2-3 ℃ every day according to a step-type amplitude-changing cooling mode, and the temperature is gradually close to the dormancy temperature of 7.2 ℃. The sleep period is set to be in a temperature mode of 5-7 ℃ and 7-9 ℃. The germination and fruit setting conditions of the sweet cherry trees under different cooling dates and different dormancy temperature modes are investigated, and 20 trees are investigated in each treatment. After the variety meets the requirement of cold quantity, the temperature is gradually raised, and the temperature control is the same as that of simple greenhouse cultivation after the temperature is raised. The simple greenhouse cultivation in the same land is used as a contrast.
The germination time of the sweet cherries is about 2 months earlier than that of the simple greenhouse. In the treatment of different cooling periods, the cooling sweet cherry sprouting time of 8 months and 6 days is respectively 10 days and 14 days earlier than that of 8 months and 12 days and 20 days, but because the nutrient accumulation of trees is less, the sprouting rate is 42.5 percent, the fruit setting rate is 28.6 percent, and the yield of 2 of 667m is only 265.5 kg; the temperature is reduced in 8 months and 12 days and 20 days, the germination rate is 53.4 percent and 60.5 percent respectively, the fruit setting rate is 34.5 percent and 40.6 percent respectively, and the highest yield of 2 per 667m can reach 730.0 kg.
Example two
Firstly, selecting sandy loam or loam which is sheltered from wind and exposed to the sun, has low underground water level, flat terrain, deep soil layer, good air permeability and strong water retention;
constructing a greenhouse outside the selected soil, wherein a film covering of the greenhouse selects chlorinated polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride as main bodies, a foam layer and a wear-resistant layer are arranged outside the greenhouse to ensure light transmittance, a liftable waterproof quilt is arranged on the film covering, the greenhouse faces the north and south, and the pH value of the selected soil is 6.0-7.5;
thirdly, installing a temperature and humidity sensor in a constructed greenhouse, installing an air conditioning device and a carbon dioxide regulator in the greenhouse, controlling the plant spacing to be 1.5-2.0 m and the row spacing to be 3.0-4.0 m in the cultivation process, planting in the north-south direction, applying fertilizers for 3-5 times every year in a young tree stage, applying fertilizers for 1-2 times underground and spraying 2-3 times on leaf surfaces, regularly trimming cherry trees within 5 years, removing heads of the cherry trees during trimming, trimming big branches of a main rod, coating a protective agent at a cut, trimming branches which are vigorous and weakened on the cherry trees in the growth process of the cherry trees to ensure that the crown of the cherry trees is vigorous, and finally cutting weakened branches on the cherry trees before the flowering phase to ensure that the cherry trees keep a high-luminous efficiency tree shape;
the temperature from the time of germination to flowering in the daytime is 18-20 ℃, and the temperature at night is 6-7 ℃;
the temperature in daytime and night is 20-22 deg.C and 5-7 deg.C respectively during flowering period;
fourthly, directionally fertilizing the cherries 15 days before the cherries sprout to ensure that the soil humidity of the cherries is controlled to be 62.5-68.9% before the cherries bloom, and applying bacterial manure containing humic acid and potassium fulvate to the cherries in a dormant state to enable the cherries to quickly revive;
meanwhile, in early spring, the temperature inside the greenhouse is kept to be raised at 1.2-1.7 ℃ through the temperature regulating device, the carbon dioxide content inside the greenhouse is controlled in real time, the light energy utilization rate of fruit trees is guaranteed, 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3% of urea or other leaf fertilizers are sprayed after flower falling, the humidity of air in a germination stage is 80%, the humidity of soil is 80%, the humidity of air in the rest time is controlled at 60%, the humidity of soil is controlled at 60-67%, the leaf fertilizers are sprayed every 7-10 days in the spraying process for 3-5 times continuously to promote fruit expansion, and 0.1-0.2% of amino acid calcium or sugar alcohol calcium constant-speed effective calcium fertilizers are added when the leaf fertilizers are sprayed for 2-3 times finally to prevent fruit cracking before picking.
The cherry produced based on above-mentioned embodiment compares in traditional early maturing method, the maturity is 11 days in advance, and set up air conditioning equipment and carbon dioxide regulator inside the greenhouse, thereby can adjust the ripe environment of cherry, and chlorinated polyethylene is selected to the tectorial membrane in greenhouse, polyvinylidene fluoride is as the main part, set up foam layer and wearing layer simultaneously outside, guarantee the luminousness, thereby make the cherry can improve light energy utilization, make the medicament residue in the cherry negligible, the output of cherry promotes 17.9% simultaneously.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for advancing the ripening period of the sweet cherries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting soil: selecting sandy loam or loam which is sheltered from wind and exposed to the sun, has low underground water level, flat terrain, deep soil layer, good air permeability and strong water retention;
step two: greenhouse construction: constructing a greenhouse outside the selected soil, wherein a film covered by the greenhouse selects chlorinated polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride as main bodies, a foam layer and a wear-resistant layer are arranged outside the greenhouse to ensure light transmittance, and a liftable waterproof quilt is arranged on the film covered;
step three: hardware installation: a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in a constructed greenhouse, and an air conditioning device and a carbon dioxide regulator are arranged in the greenhouse;
the fourth step: cultivation: in the cultivation process, the plant spacing is controlled to be 1.5m-2.0m, the row spacing is 3.0m-4.0m, and the plants are planted in the north-south direction;
the fifth step: fertilizing: fertilizing 3-5 times every year in a young tree stage, wherein the fertilizer is applied 1-2 times underground, leaf surfaces are sprayed for 2-3 times, cherry trees within 5 years are regularly trimmed, heads of the cherry trees are removed during trimming, main stem branches are trimmed, protective agents are smeared at fracture positions, vigorous and weak branches on the cherry trees are trimmed in the growth process of the cherry trees, and weak branches on the cherry trees are trimmed before the flowering phase;
and a sixth step: early maturing: the method comprises the steps of directionally fertilizing cherries 15 days before the cherries sprout to ensure that the soil humidity of the cherries is controlled to be 62.5-68.9% before the cherries bloom, applying bacterial manure containing humic acid and potassium fulvate to the cherries in a dormant state to enable the cherries to quickly revive, enabling the temperature inside a greenhouse to be kept at 1.2-1.7 ℃ to be increased by a temperature adjusting device in early spring, controlling the content of carbon dioxide inside the greenhouse in real time to ensure the light energy utilization rate of fruit trees, and spraying 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3% of urea or other leaf fertilizers after flower falling.
2. The method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries according to claim 1, wherein the greenhouse is oriented north-south and the selected soil has a pH of 6.0-7.5.
3. The method for advancing the ripening stage of sweet cherries of claim 1, wherein the temperature during the day from the time of germination to the time of flowering is 18-20 ℃ and the temperature at night is 6-7 ℃;
the temperature in the daytime and the temperature in the nighttime are respectively 20-22 ℃ and 5-7 ℃ in the flowering period.
4. The method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries of claim 1, wherein the humidity of the air during the germination stage is 80%, the humidity of the soil is 80%, the humidity of the air during the rest of the period is controlled at 60%, and the humidity of the soil is controlled at 60-67%.
5. The method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every 7-10 days in the spraying process, and is continuously sprayed for 3-5 times to promote fruit expansion.
6. The method for advancing the ripening period of sweet cherries according to claim 1, wherein 0.1-0.2% of amino acid calcium or sugar alcohol calcium quick-acting calcium fertilizer is added when the foliar fertilizer is sprayed for the last 2-3 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210265892.2A CN114731888A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210265892.2A CN114731888A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114731888A true CN114731888A (en) | 2022-07-12 |
Family
ID=82276278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210265892.2A Pending CN114731888A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114731888A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004222553A (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-08-12 | Hiromi Otsuka | Method for agrochemical-free cultivation of prunus tomentosa |
| CN106234126A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 贵州中魁农业（集团）泽美园林绿化有限公司 | The cultural method of booth Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
| CN113348955A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Early-maturing cultivation method for sweet cherries in south China |
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210265892.2A patent/CN114731888A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004222553A (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-08-12 | Hiromi Otsuka | Method for agrochemical-free cultivation of prunus tomentosa |
| CN106234126A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 贵州中魁农业（集团）泽美园林绿化有限公司 | The cultural method of booth Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN106258766A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-04 | 任学平 | The facility cultivation method of large cherry twice fruit of 1 year knot |
| CN113348954A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Sweet cherry root zone limited cultivation method in warm and humid regions in south |
| CN113348955A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Early-maturing cultivation method for sweet cherries in south China |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 樊军;姜莉;: "温室樱桃周年管理关键技术" * |
| 郝陆真: "早大果大樱桃保护地栽培丰产技术" * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101720646B (en) | Forced dormancy culture method for peach with leave | |
| CN106797784B (en) | Cultivation method for inducing anti-season flowering of pitaya | |
| CN106951017B (en) | The wisdom Greenhouse System of crop regulation-control model driving regulates and controls method | |
| CN106171809B (en) | Greenhouse in North grape first planting fruit two crops a year implantation methods | |
| CN102197776B (en) | Novel technology for twice production of grapes in one year | |
| CN106561394A (en) | Cultivation method for promoting large cherries to ripen earlier by utilizing natural climate in plateau area | |
| CN105075764A (en) | Cultivation method of blueberries | |
| CN101019496A (en) | Giant cherry cultivating technology for shelter | |
| CN104521508A (en) | Oriental sweet melon planting method in downwards concave type solar greenhouse | |
| CN114175977B (en) | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN107278792A (en) | Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse | |
| CN104429783A (en) | Chilling-free cultivating method of peaches in greenhouse | |
| CN114885721B (en) | Early-marketing 'Hongmeiren' citrus production management method | |
| CN110115193A (en) | A kind of interplanting method limiting root grape and stand strawberry | |
| CN106982702B (en) | Method for selling grapes in greenhouse twice a year in spring festival | |
| CN111512876B (en) | Method suitable for improving fruit setting rate of large cherries in southwest province | |
| CN104855117A (en) | Pepper planting method | |
| CN101743866A (en) | Plant incubator | |
| CN111183846A (en) | Regulation and control method for improving sugar content of southern facility grape fruits | |
| CN110169349A (en) | A kind of off-season cultivation method of jujube tree | |
| CN114731888A (en) | Method for advancing ripening period of sweet cherry | |
| Chaichana et al. | Heat load due to LED lighting of in-door strawberry plantation | |
| CN112425442A (en) | Pruning and trimming method for grape facility cultivation | |
| CN109588145B (en) | Southern grape flowering phase regulation and control method | |
| CN117716962B (en) | Method for solving generation of silly flowers of cut rose cultivated by matrix |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220712 |