CN114525675B - 一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 cerium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明属于纺织面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法。该制备方法将凹凸棒石负载纳米CeO2、纳米ZnO的复合材料整理到棉纤维上，从而制成一种抗紫外老化的纺织面料。该制备方法不仅可以使制成的面料具有良好的力学性能，而且还可以使其具有持久优异的抗紫外老化性能。操作简便，容易控制。原料无毒、无致癌作用，且所制备的抗紫外老化面料由抗紫外老化剂包裹在纤维表面织造而成，织物各向均有良好的抗紫外老化性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的快速发展，人们的物质生活水平不断提高，原来单一和单调的纺织品已不能适应时代的发展和人们的需要。越来越多的人对纺织品的要求不再局限于保暖、透气、舒适等基本性能，也希望其具有抗紫外老化、抗菌等特殊功能。因此，需要开发新型多功能的纺织面料，以满足现代人们的迫切需求。
凹凸棒石是一种天然一维纳米材料矿物，具有特殊的纤维状晶体结构，被誉为“千土之王”，具有很高的实用和科研价值，其产品己进入以信息、生物、航空航天、海洋开发、新材料和新能源为代表的高新技术产业。我国凹凸棒石储量大、品位高，积极致力于凹凸棒石的高技术含量和高附加值产品的开发，对促进经济发展、矿物产品利用效率具有重大意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是将凹凸棒石负载纳米CeO2、纳米ZnO的复合材料整理到棉纤维上，从而制成一种抗紫外老化的纺织面料。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入浓度为0.5～2mol/L的锌盐溶液和浓度为0.5～2mol/L的铈盐溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至60～80℃，一边搅拌，一边加入浓度为1～2mol/L的碳酸盐溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌1～2h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率≤100μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐。
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入聚乙二醇400、甘油和去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐和凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至200～260℃，保温反应12～24h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至50～70℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡1～3h；然后在80～110℃的温度下烘干。
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
进一步地：步骤(1)所述锌盐为氯化锌、硝酸锌、硫酸锌、醋酸锌中的任意一种；铈盐为硝酸铈、氯化铈、硫酸铈、醋酸铈中的任意一种。
进一步地：步骤(1)所述加入锌盐的量和铈盐的量按照其生成的ZnO和CeO2的质量比为0.5～2:1来计算。
进一步地：步骤(1)所述碳酸盐为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铵或碳酸氢铵中的任意一种，加入碳酸盐的量要使溶液中铈离子和锌离子完全沉积。
进一步地：步骤(2)所述混合液中各组分用量按照其质量份数计：聚乙二醇400 10～15份，甘油10～15份，去离子水70～80份。
进一步地：步骤(2)所述混合液中加入凹凸棒石的量按照其和生成的ZnO/CeO2复合材料的质量比为1:0.5～1来计算。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明方法将凹凸棒石负载纳米CeO2、纳米ZnO的复合材料整理到棉纤维上，一方面凹凸棒石可以起到增强増韧效果，另一方面纳米ZnO与纳米CeO2粒子会产生协同效应，极大的提高抗紫外线性能，三者的紧密结合不仅可以使制成的面料具有良好的力学性能，而且还可以使其具有持久优异的抗紫外老化性能。
2、本发明方法将纳米CeO2、纳米ZnO的合成和表面接枝在同一反应过程中进行，操作简便，容易控制。
3、本发明方法中的抗紫外老化剂为纳米CeO2/纳米ZnO/凹凸棒石复合粉体，无毒、无致癌作用，且所制备的抗紫外老化面料由抗紫外老化剂包裹在纤维表面织造而成，织物各向均有良好的抗紫外老化性能。
附图说明
图1是紫外光老化前后原始面料、对比例、实施例力学性能数据。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入50ml浓度为2mol/L的硝酸锌溶液和104ml浓度为0.5mol/L的硫酸铈溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至60℃，一边搅拌，一边加入152ml浓度为1mol/L的碳酸钾溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌2h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率60μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐。
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入100g聚乙二醇400、100g甘油和800g去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐、48g凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至200℃，保温反应24h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至50℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡1h；然后在80℃的温度下烘干，得到抗紫外老化纤维。
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
实施例2
一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入400ml浓度为0.5mol/L的硫酸锌溶液和25ml浓度为2mol/L的硝酸铈溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至80℃，一边搅拌，一边加入113ml浓度为2mol/L的碳酸氢钠溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌1h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率90μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐。
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入150g聚乙二醇400、150g甘油和700g去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐、24g凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至260℃，保温反应12h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至70℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡3h；然后在110℃的温度下烘干，得到抗紫外老化纤维。
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
实施例3
一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入100ml浓度为1.5mol/L的氯化锌溶液和46ml浓度为1.5mol/L的氯化铈溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至70℃，一边搅拌，一边加入123ml浓度为1.5mol/L的碳酸钠溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌1.5h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率70μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐。
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入150g聚乙二醇400、100g甘油和750g去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐、32g凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至240℃，保温反应18h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至60℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡2h；然后在100℃的温度下烘干，得到抗紫外老化纤维。
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
对比例1
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入100ml浓度为1.5mol/L的氯化锌溶液和46ml浓度为1.5mol/L的氯化铈溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至70℃，一边搅拌，一边加入123ml浓度为1.5mol/L的碳酸钠溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌1.5h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率70μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐。
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入150g聚乙二醇400、100g甘油和750g去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至240℃，保温反应18h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至60℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡2h；然后在100℃的温度下烘干，得到抗紫外老化纤维。
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
对比例2
(1)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入150g聚乙二醇400、100g甘油和750g去离子水，配制成混合液，将32g凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至240℃，保温反应18h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液。
(2)将步骤(1)制得的整理液加热至60℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡2h；然后在100℃的温度下烘干。
(3)将步骤(2)处理好的棉纤维纺织得到面料。
将实施例和对比例所制得纺织面料进行如下测试
在紫外老化箱中进行紫外老化实验，紫外线强度为5000μw/cm2，紫外灯波长为280～400nm，老化温度为50℃。
在紫外光老化前后使用万能拉伸试验机(CSS-1102C，中国)测量拉伸性能，测试每个样品的五个样本并计算平均结果，测量结果如图1所示。
由图1可知，实施例制备的纺织面料具有优异的拉伸强度，且在紫外线照射20h后其断裂强度保持率都在70％以上；由对比例制备的纺织面料和原始面料相比可知，加入纳米CeO2、纳米ZnO可以使面料具备良好的抗紫外老化性能，而凹凸棒石的加入，可以使制备的面料增强增韧，具备良好的力学性能。综上所述，本发明所制备的纺织面料具有优异的力学性能和抗紫外老化性能。
Claims (6)
1.一种添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1)制备锌、铈复合碳酸盐：向反应器中分别加入浓度为0.5～2mol/L的锌盐溶液和浓度为0.5～2mol/L的铈盐溶液，搅拌均匀后，升温至60～80℃，一边搅拌，一边加入浓度为1～2mol/L的碳酸盐溶液，加完后，继续保温搅拌1～2h，过滤，并用去离子水洗涤至滤液电导率≤100μs/cm，烘干，粉碎，制得锌、铈复合碳酸盐；
(2)制备整理液：向反应釜中加入聚乙二醇400、甘油和去离子水，配制成混合液，将步骤(1)制备的锌、铈复合碳酸盐和凹凸棒石加入混合液中搅拌均匀，升温至200～260℃，保温反应12～24h后，取出反应釜冷却至室温，得到整理液；
(3)制备抗紫外老化纤维：将步骤(2)制得的整理液加热至50～70℃，把棉纤维浸入其中，浸泡1～3h；然后在80～110℃的温度下烘干；
(4)制备抗紫外老化面料：将步骤(3)制备的抗紫外老化纤维纺织得到抗紫外老化面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述锌盐为氯化锌、硝酸锌、硫酸锌、醋酸锌中的任意一种；铈盐为硝酸铈、氯化铈、硫酸铈、醋酸铈中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述加入锌盐的量和铈盐的量按照其生成的ZnO和CeO2的质量比为0.5～2:1来计算。
4.根据权利要求1所述的添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述碳酸盐为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铵或碳酸氢铵中的任意一种，加入碳酸盐的量要使溶液中铈离子和锌离子完全沉积。
5.根据权利要求1所述的添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述混合液中各组分用量按照其质量份数计：聚乙二醇400 10～15份，甘油10～15份，去离子水70～80份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的添加凹凸棒石抗紫外老化纺织面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述混合液中加入凹凸棒石的量按照其和生成的ZnO/CeO2复合材料的质量比为1:0.5～1来计算。
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