CN114521442A - Drought sand container afforestation method - Google Patents
Drought sand container afforestation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114521442A CN114521442A CN202210174278.5A CN202210174278A CN114521442A CN 114521442 A CN114521442 A CN 114521442A CN 202210174278 A CN202210174278 A CN 202210174278A CN 114521442 A CN114521442 A CN 114521442A
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- planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drought sand container afforestation method, and relates to the technical field of sand afforestation. The planting tray is used for planting the nursery stock of the nutrition cup in the planting pit, so that the planting pit forms a structure of Wai large sets of Wai small sets of nursery stock, and the planting tray is covered with weeds, so that the water retention rate of soil is improved, and the survival rate of afforestation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sand forestation, in particular to a drought sand container forestation method.
Background
As is well known, the drought sand land has small precipitation, poor water retention and low soil water content, so that the survival rate and the preservation rate of afforestation in the drought sand land are reduced, and young forests grow slowly. At present, in order to improve the water retention of sand, a film covering technology is mostly adopted, the film covering operation is complex, and the planting effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a drought sand container afforestation method, which improves the afforestation survival rate.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the drought sand container afforestation method is carried out according to the following steps:
step one, cultivating suitable seedlings: selecting two-year-old nutrition cup seedlings suitable for the type of dry sand land, and carrying out suitable cultivation for 1-2 years; the proper cultivation refers to selecting a small sand land in the sand land to be planted as the seedling land, and keeping the humidity and the temperature of the seedling land consistent with the environmental humidity and the temperature of the sand land to be planted;
step two, deep planting: digging planting pits with the depth of 60-90 cm on the surface of a sandy land to be planted, and placing a planting plate into the planting pits, wherein the height of the planting plate is 30-40 cm, and the diameter of the planting plate is 40-60 cm;
step three, planting in a planting disc: putting the nursery stock in the nutrition cup cultivated in the first step into a planting disc, enabling the original soil print of the nursery stock in the nutrition cup to be 8-12 cm lower than the upper surface of the planting disc, and filling the cavities of the planting disc around the nutrition cup with foreign soil; filling and treading the outer side of the planting plate with sand dug by the planting pits to ensure that the upper surface of the planting plate is positioned at a position 30-50 cm below the ground to form a large Wai-set small Wai mode;
step four, covering grass: the planting pits above the planting plates are covered with dry weeds, so that the upper surfaces of the filled planting pits are flush with the ground;
and fifthly, watering regularly according to the soil drought degree.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method provided by the invention, the planting disc is placed in the planting pit, and the nutrition cup is placed in the planting disc to form a structure of Wai large sets of Wai small sets of nutrition cups, so that the planting depth is reduced; weeds are covered around the planting plate, so that direct solar radiation can be avoided, water evaporation is reduced, drought resistance is improved, air permeability and water seepage rate are improved, the problem of root rot of deep-planted nursery stocks is solved, and soil fertility is increased after the weeds are rotten; the method improves soil moisture content and survival rate, the survival rate of one-time afforestation is improved from about 30 percent to about 80 percent, and the survival rate of one-time supplementary planting afforestation reaches more than 95 percent.
Furthermore, in the first step, the size of the nutrition cup is more than 12cm in diameter and 15cm in height, more than 9 holes are formed in the bottom surface and the side wall of the nutrition cup (3 holes are formed in the ground, and more than 6 holes are formed in the side wall of the nutrition cup which is lower than one half of the height of the nutrition cup in the circumferential direction) and are used for rooting and rooting the seedlings. The nutrition cup is made of degradable materials, and the degradation period is 3-4 years.
The planting disc is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the planting disc is 40-60 cm, and the height of the planting disc is 30-40 cm; the planting plate is made of degradable materials, and the degradation period is 2-3 years. When the seedling is higher than 2 meters, adopting a planting plate with the diameter of 60cm and the height of 40 cm; when the height of the nursery stock is 1.5-2 m, a planting disc with the diameter of 40-59 cm and the height of 30-39 cm is adopted.
The alien soil in the third step comprises clay, sandy soil and organic fertilizer, wherein the clay, the sandy soil and the organic fertilizer are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1, and the particle size of the clay is less than 2 mu m.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutrition cup provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the positions of planted seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positions of the planted seedlings in the comparative example;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a nutrition cup; 2. a field planting plate; 3. soil is removed; 4. raw soil; 5. and (4) weeds.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The sand soil in the mountainous region of the cloud village of the Huaiyun county of Zhangkou city is used for sand afforestation cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, cultivating suitable seedlings: in late spring and early summer, selecting a 2-year-old 12 cm-high 15 cm-high nutrition cup 1 arborvitae seedling on the great west ditch mountain foot sand land in the village of the cross ridge for proper cultivation. The structure of the nutrition cup 1 is shown in figure 1. Watering is respectively carried out once during planting and 10 days after planting, and each time is based on thorough watering. Watering for 1 time again 1 year after planting, and taking the watering as the standard.
And step two, after two years, in late spring and early summer, deeply planting 1.1 ten thousand of the seedlings on 100 mu of mountain sandy soil in the great west ditch of the village, wherein the height of the seedlings is about 1.2 meters. The depth of the planting pits is 70-80 cm, the diameter is 50cm, and the row spacing is 2 multiplied by 3 meters.
Step three, planting in a planting disc: placing a degradable planting disc with the diameter of 45cm and the height of 35cm in a planting pit, placing a properly planted nutrition cup platycladus orientalis seedling into a planting disc 2, filling the remaining space of the planting disc 2 with additional soil 3 for treading, backfilling and treading the outer side of the planting disc with original soil 4 dug out of the planting pit, and positioning the upper surface of a nutrition cup 1 at a position 10cm below the upper surface of the planting disc 2 after treading.
And step four, covering and filling the residual space of the planting pits above the planting plate with the thickness of 35-45 cm by using the dry weeds 5, so that the upper surfaces of the planting pits are flush with the ground. The structure is shown in figure 2.
And fifthly, watering 10kg of water for each plant after the grass covering is finished, watering once every 10-15 days after the grass planting, wherein 10kg of water is watered for each plant, and the total amount of water is watered twice, and the water consumption of each plant is 20 kg.
Comparative example 1
The traditional sand forestation was carried out using the same land as in example 1, according to the following steps: 1.1 million arborvitae seedlings of a nutrition cup 1 with the diameter of 12cm multiplied by the height of 15cm cultivated in 3 years from the Cinci county of Tangshan city of Hebei province are planted on 100 mu of mountain sandy soil of the Daxi Shagou, the seedlings are 1.3 m high, the row spacing of the seedlings is 2 multiplied by 3 m, the pit depth is 40-50 cm, and the diameter is 30 cm. And backfilling with dug original soil 4, wherein the soil surface of the upper surface of the planted and compacted seedling nutrition cup 1 is positioned 10cm below the ground, and the structure is shown in figure 3. Watering is respectively carried out for 10 days, 20 days and 30 days after planting, 15kg of water is watered every time, the watering times are 4 times in total, and the water consumption of each plant is 60 kg.
The survival rate of the seedlings planted in the current year in the example 1 is 85%, the preservation rate after the seedlings are planted for one year is 80%, the survival rate of the seedlings planted in the current year in the comparative example 1 is 40%, and the preservation rate after the seedlings are planted for one year is 35%. The watering times of the example 1 are obviously less than those of the comparative example 1, and the watering amount is reduced by about 70%.
Example 2
The method is used for sand afforestation cultivation on 50 mu of mountain foot sand land of Dongxiangyu village in Shanshan City, Shanxi county, Hebei province, and comprises the following steps:
step one, cultivating suitable seedlings: in late spring and early summer, selecting a 2-year-old oriental arborvitae seedling with a diameter of 12cm, a height of 15cm and a nutrition cup 1 for proper cultivation on a mountain foot sand land in Jiuzhamun. Watering is respectively carried out once during planting and 10 days after planting, and each time is based on thorough watering. Watering for 1 time again 1 year after planting, and taking the watering as the standard.
And step two, deep planting 5500 seedlings obtained in the step one on 50 mu mountain sand land of Dongshouyu and Zhengjiushun two years later, wherein the height of the seedlings is 1.3 m. The depth of the planting pits is 70-80 cm, the diameter is 50cm, and the row spacing is 2 multiplied by 3 meters.
Step three, planting in a planting disc: placing a degradable planting disc with the diameter of 50cm and the height of 40cm in a planting pit, placing a arborvitae seedling of a nutrition cup 1 in a planting disc 2, filling foreign soil 3 in the remaining space of the planting disc 2, treading down, backfilling the outer side of the planting disc with original soil 4 dug out of the planting pit, and treading down, wherein the upper surface of the nutrition cup 1 is located 10cm below the upper surface of the planting disc 2 after treading down.
And step four, covering and filling the residual space of the planting pit above the planting disc with the dry weeds 5 (the size of the weeds and the plant species do not have requirements), wherein the thickness of the residual space is 30-40 cm, and the upper surface of the planting pit is flush with the ground.
And fifthly, watering 10kg of water for each plant after the grass covering is finished, watering once 15 days after the grass planting, wherein each plant is about 10kg, watering is carried out for 2 times in total, and the water consumption of each plant is about 20 kg.
Comparative example 2
The same mountain sandy soil as that in example 2 is adopted for traditional sandy afforestation, and the method comprises the following steps: a5500 local 3-year-old nutritive cupressus seedlings with the height of 12cm, the height of 15cm, the height of 1.4 m, the row spacing of 2 x 3 m, the pit depth of 45-50 cm and the diameter of 40cm are planted on 50 mu mountain sandy soil of Jiuzhamun of Dongshuyu village. And backfilling the soil with dug original soil 4, wherein the soil surface of the upper surface of the planted and compacted seedling nutrition cup 1 is 10cm below the ground. Watering respectively 10 days, 20 days and 30 days after planting, wherein each time is 15kg, the watering is carried out for 4 times, and the water consumption of each plant is 60 kg.
4951 plants survived in the same year as the planted seedlings in example 2, the survival rate is 90%, and the preservation rate after one year of planting is 88% (4841 plants survived). 2749 seedlings survived in the same year after being planted in the comparative example 2, the survival rate is 50 percent, and the preservation rate after one year of planting is 45 percent (2476 survived). The watering frequency of the embodiment 1 is obviously less than that of the comparative example 1, the watering amount of a single plant is reduced by 40kg, the water consumption is obviously reduced, and the water retention rate of the soil is improved.
According to the results of two groups of comparison examples, the drought sand container afforestation method provided by the invention reduces half of watering times, reduces the watering amount by about 70%, effectively solves the problem of water source shortage in drought sand afforestation, improves the water retention performance of soil, and further improves the survival rate of primary afforestation and the survival rate of primary replantation afforestation.
Finally, it is noted that: the above-mentioned list is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and naturally those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present invention, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A drought sand container afforestation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, cultivating suitable seedlings: selecting two-year-old nutrition cup seedlings suitable for the type of dry sand land, and carrying out suitable cultivation for 1-2 years;
secondly, digging planting pits with the depth of 60-90 cm on the surface of the sand to be planted;
step three, planting in a planting disc: putting a planting disc into the planting pit, wherein the height of the planting disc is 30-40 cm, the diameter of the planting disc is 40-60 cm, putting the nursery stock of the nutrition cup planted in the step one into the planting disc, enabling the original soil print of the nursery stock of the nutrition cup to be 8-12 cm lower than the upper surface of the planting disc, filling the cavity of the planting disc around the nutrition cup with foreign soil, filling the outer side of the planting disc with original soil dug out of the planting pit, and treading down;
step four, deep planting: the planting pits above the planting plates are covered with dry weeds, so that the upper surfaces of the filled planting pits are flush with the ground;
and fifthly, watering regularly according to the soil drought degree.
2. The method for forestation by the arid sandy container according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the size of the nutrition cup is 12cm in diameter by 15cm in height, the bottom surface and the side wall of the nutrition cup are provided with more than 9 holes, the nutrition cup is made of degradable materials, and the degradation period is 3-4 years.
3. The method for afforestation by a dry sand container according to claim 1, wherein the planting plate is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the planting plate is 40-60 cm, and the height of the planting plate is 30-40 cm; the planting plate is made of degradable materials, and the degradation period is 2-3 years.
4. The drought sand container afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein when the nursery stock is higher than 2 meters, a planting plate with a diameter of 60cm and a height of 40cm is adopted; when the height of the nursery stock is 1.5-2 m, a planting disc with the diameter of 40-59 cm and the height of 30-39 cm is adopted.
5. The drought sand container forestation method according to claim 1, wherein the alien soil in the third step comprises clay, sand and organic fertilizer, and the clay, the sand and the organic fertilizer are mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:3: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210174278.5A CN114521442A (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-02-25 | Drought sand container afforestation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210174278.5A CN114521442A (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-02-25 | Drought sand container afforestation method |
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Citations (7)
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| CN1243659A (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-09 | 东京农业大学 | Method for making desert or etc. green and structural objects therefor |
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| CN104823804A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope |
| CN212116373U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-12-11 | 蔡东章 | Forestry tree cultivation device |
| CN113906947A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 赤峰市林业科学研究所 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate in semiarid region |
-
2022
- 2022-02-25 CN CN202210174278.5A patent/CN114521442A/en active Pending
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| CN1243659A (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-09 | 东京农业大学 | Method for making desert or etc. green and structural objects therefor |
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