CN114514974A - 一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品及其制备方法,该方法以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基。以屎肠球菌L10‑3、植物乳杆菌H58‑8和/或嗜酸乳杆菌LB05‑2的复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤获得具有润肠通便功能的发酵江蓠饮品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于江蓠微生物发酵领域,涉及一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品及其制备方法。
背景技术
江蓠,红藻纲,江蓠科。我国江蓠产量全球第一,且产量逐年上升。江蓠是生产琼胶的主要原料,同时也可作为海洋蔬菜食用,是重要的大型经济类海藻。其营养丰富,热量低,富含蛋白、膳食纤维及活性多糖。目前江蓠加工产品种类不够丰富,主要以粗加工制品为主。研究表明江蓠对恢复肠道菌群失衡环境具有促进作用。近年来对江蓠功能产品的开发,多集中于活性多糖制备。江蓠资源尚未得到充分利用。
国内外研究表明,肠道是人体“第二大脑”,人体健康很大程度上依赖于肠道健康。众多肠道疾病中,便秘的发病率不容忽视。据不完全统计,近两成人会受便秘困扰。因此,开发润肠通便的功能性食品对于保障当代人肠道健康具有重要作用。
在发明人的预研究中,开发一种益生菌发酵江蓠制备润肠通便饮品的方法。江蓠原料本身具有良好的整肠功能,而发明人所用的益生菌是分离自发酵食品,这些菌株具有调节肠道功能此前也已被证实。使用复合益生菌发酵江蓠,可以获得具有润肠通便功能的江蓠精深加工制品,为江蓠资源的充分利用提供新思路。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案是:
以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基。以屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8和/或嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2的复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤获得具有润肠通便功能的发酵江蓠饮品。
所述方法具体步骤如下:
(1)江蓠浆的制备:将干江蓠清水洗净,用超微粉碎机粉碎,得到平均粒径≤100nm江蓠粉。根据重量份数,取江蓠粉40-50份,加入饮用水47-59份,复合酶1-3份,混合均匀后,30-40℃温育2-3h,95℃-100℃保温60 min,冷却至30-40℃备用。其中复合酶由果胶酶、纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶三者按2:2:1 的重量比配制。
(2)培养基的制备:
1)液体菌种扩大培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆30-50%、KH2PO4 0.05-0.5%、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05-0.5%,水49-69.9%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为6-7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
2)液体发酵培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆40%-60%、KH2PO4 0.05-0.5%、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05-0.5%,水39-59.9%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为6-7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
(3)发酵剂的制备:将屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌种一份各自在无菌条件下接种至MRS培养基,37℃活化培养1-2天,离心,加入无菌生理盐水获得菌悬液(107 CFU/g以上)。将菌悬液转接入装有液体菌种扩大培养基的瓶或罐中进行扩大培养得到液体菌种悬液,扩大培养后制得乳酸菌活菌数达到108 CFU/g以上;培养条件为:接种量5-15% v/v,培养温度30-40℃,培养时间1-2天;其中液体菌种悬液为屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2三菌混合液体菌种悬液、屎肠球菌L10-3和植物乳杆菌H58-8双菌复合液体菌种悬液或屎肠球菌L10-3和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2双菌复合菌悬液。
(4)液体发酵:将扩大培养得到的液体菌种悬液接到液体发酵培养基中进行液体发酵,接种量5-15% v/v,培养温度30-40℃,培养时间1-2天,获得润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:本发明开辟了一条江蓠综合开发利用的新途径。发明人所用的益生菌屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2是分离自发酵食品,这三株菌在本发明阐述的培养条件下生长能力良好,并且这三株菌具有调节肠道功能此前也已被证实。通过这三种复合益生菌发酵江蓠后,可以获得具有润肠通便功能的江蓠精深加工制品,为江蓠资源的充分利用提供新思路。
具体实施方式
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效,兹列举以下实施例,详细说明如下。
实施例 1:
以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基。以屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2三种复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤获得具有润肠通便功能的发酵江蓠饮品。
所述方法步骤如下:
(1)江蓠浆的制备:将干江蓠清水洗净,用超微粉碎机粉碎,得到平均粒径≤100nm江蓠粉,用80目筛过筛。根据重量份数,取江蓠粉50份,加入饮用水48份,复合酶制剂2份,混合均匀后,37℃温育2h,100℃保温60 min,冷却至30℃备用。
其中复合酶由果胶酶、纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶三者按2:2:1 的重量比配制。
(2)培养基的制备:
1)液体菌种扩大培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆40%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水59.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
2)液体发酵培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆50%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水49.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
(3)发酵剂的制备:将屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌种一份各自在无菌条件下接种至MRS培养基,37℃活化培养1-2天,离心,加入无菌生理盐水获得菌悬液(107 CFU/g以上)。按照2:1:1(v/v)的比例将屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌悬液混合,制成三菌混合菌悬液。将三菌混合悬液转接入装有液体菌种扩大培养基的瓶或罐中进行扩大培养得到液体菌种,扩大培养后制得乳酸菌活菌数达到108 CFU/g以上;培养条件为:接种量8% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间1-2天;
(4)液体发酵:将扩大培养得到的液体菌种悬液接到液体发酵培养基中进行液体发酵,接种量10% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间2天,获得润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
实施例 2:
以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基。以屎肠球菌L10-3和植物乳杆菌H58-8两种复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤获得具有润肠通便功能的发酵江蓠饮品。
所述方法步骤如下:
(1)江蓠浆的制备:将干江蓠清水洗净,用超微粉碎机粉碎,得到平均粒径≤100nm江蓠粉,用100目筛过筛。根据重量份数,取江蓠粉40份,加入饮用水57份,复合酶制剂3份,混合均匀后,37℃温育1h,100℃保温60 min,冷却至30℃备用。
其中复合酶由果胶酶、纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶三者按2:2:1 的重量比配制。
(2)培养基的制备:
1)液体菌种扩大培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆50%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水49.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
2)液体发酵培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆60%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水39.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
(3)发酵剂的制备:将屎肠球菌L10-3和植物乳杆菌H58-8菌种一份各自在无菌条件下接种至MRS培养基,37℃活化培养1-2天,离心,加入无菌生理盐水获得菌悬液(107CFU/g以上)。按照2:1(v/v)的比例将屎肠球菌L10-3和植物乳杆菌H58-8菌悬液混合,制成双菌混合菌悬液。将双菌混合悬液转接入装有液体菌种扩大培养基的瓶或罐中进行扩大培养得到液体菌种,扩大培养后制得乳酸菌活菌数达到108 CFU/g以上;培养条件为:接种量10% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间1-2天;
(4)液体发酵:将扩大培养得到的液体菌种悬液接到固体发酵培养基中进行液体发酵,接种量12% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间2天,获得润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
实施例 3:
以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基。以屎肠球菌L10-3和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2两种复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤获得具有润肠通便功能的发酵江蓠饮品。
所述方法步骤如下:
(1)江蓠浆的制备:将干江蓠清水洗净,用超微粉碎机粉碎,得到平均粒径≤100nm江蓠粉,用80目筛过筛。根据重量份数,取江蓠粉50份,加入饮用水47份,复合酶制剂3份,混合均匀后,37℃温育1h,100℃保温60 min,冷却至30℃备用。
其中复合酶由果胶酶、纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶三者按2:2:1 的重量比配制。
(2)培养基的制备:
1)液体菌种扩大培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆45%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水54.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
2)液体发酵培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆60%、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4·7H2O0.1%,水39.8%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为7,121℃灭菌30 min备用。
(3)发酵剂的制备:将屎肠球菌L10-3和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌种一份各自在无菌条件下接种至MRS培养基,37℃活化培养1-2天,离心,加入无菌生理盐水获得菌悬液(107CFU/g以上)。按照2:1(v/v)的比例将屎肠球菌L10-3和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌悬液混合,制成双菌混合菌悬液。将双菌混合悬液转接入装有液体菌种扩大培养基的瓶或罐中进行扩大培养得到液体菌种,扩大培养后制得乳酸菌活菌数达到108 CFU/g以上;培养条件为:接种量8% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间1-2天;
(4)液体发酵:将扩大培养得到的液体菌种悬液接到液体发酵培养基中进行液体发酵,接种量15% v/v,培养温度37℃,培养时间2天,获得润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
经过前期测试,按本发明阐述的方法制备江蓠发酵饮品,江蓠浆的制备步骤江蓠超微粒径和复合酶配比的参数,以及扩大培养后活菌数的参数都非常关键,将影响江蓠发酵饮品中活菌数、蛋白质含量、粗多糖含量、脂肪酸含量。发明人所用的益生菌屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2是分离自发酵食品,这三株菌在本发明阐述的培养条件下生长能力良好,产物水平高。并且,这些菌株具有调节肠道功能此前也已被证实。按本发明阐述的3个实施例制成的江蓠发酵饮品。分别测定了发酵饮品中活菌数、蛋白质含量、粗多糖含量、脂肪酸含量,如下表所示。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及本发明的优点。本发明不受上述实施例的限制,在上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理。凡依照本发明申请专利范围所作的均等变化、修改、替换和变形,皆为本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于:以江蓠为原料,通过超微粉碎、复合酶降解,灭菌制备发酵培养基;以屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8和/或嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2的复合益生菌为出发菌种,经发酵剂制备和液体发酵步骤制备润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
江蓠浆的制备:将干江蓠清水洗净,用超微粉碎机粉碎,得到平均粒径≤100nm江蓠粉,将其与水、复合酶混合均匀后,30-40℃温育2-3h,95℃-100℃保温60min,冷却至30-40℃得到江蓠浆;
培养基的制备:
1)液体菌种扩大培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆30-50%、KH2PO4 0.05-0.5%、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05-0.5%,水49-69.9%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为6-7,121℃灭菌30 min备用;
2)液体发酵培养基:按质量百分比计,江蓠浆40%-60%、KH2PO4 0.05-0.5%、MgSO4·7H2O0.05-0.5%,水39-59.9%,各组分质量百分比之和为100%;将各组分混合均匀,调pH值为6-7,121℃灭菌30 min备用;
发酵剂的制备:将屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8、嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2菌种分别在无菌条件下接种至MRS培养基,37℃活化培养1-2天,离心,加入无菌生理盐水获得菌悬液;将菌悬液混合后转接入步骤(2)的液体菌种扩大培养基中进行扩大培养得到液体菌种,扩大培养后制得乳酸菌活菌数达到108 CFU/g以上的液体菌种悬液;
液体发酵:将扩大培养得到的液体菌种悬液接到步骤(2)的液体发酵培养基中进行液体发酵,接种量5-15% v/v,培养温度30-40℃,培养时间1-2天,获得润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,按重量份计,江蓠粉40-50份、水47-59份、复合酶制剂1-3份。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中复合酶由果胶酶、纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶三者按2:2:1 的重量比配制。
5.根据权利要求2所述的润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中液体菌种悬液为屎肠球菌L10-3、植物乳杆菌H58-8和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2三菌混合液体菌种悬液、屎肠球菌L10-3和植物乳杆菌H58-8双菌复合液体菌种悬液或屎肠球菌L10-3和嗜酸乳杆菌LB05-2双菌复合菌悬液。
6.根据权利要求2所述的润肠通便发酵江蓠饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中扩大培养的条件为接种量5-15% v/v,培养温度30-40℃,培养时间1-2天。
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