CN114503838A

CN114503838A - Cuttage and rapid propagation method for ereisma xylocarpa

Info

Publication number: CN114503838A
Application number: CN202210036594.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵秀芳; 胡晓龙; 谢志远; 周荫庭; 李建彬; 唐文艺
Original assignee: Lingnan Eco and Culture Tourism Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lingnan Eco and Culture Tourism Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-13
Filing date: 2022-01-13
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-13
Also published as: CN114503838B

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid cuttage propagation method for bombax, belonging to the field of planting of bombax, comprising the following steps of S1: selecting cutting; s2: cutting the cutting ring; s3: treating the slotting machine, wherein the slotting machine is built by pervious concrete bricks and is disinfected: s4: cutting the cuttings, flattening the cut at the top end of the cuttings, and soaking the cuttings in a rooting agent after disinfection; s5: cutting, namely vertically inserting the processed cuttings into a cutting medium according to plant spacing, keeping the relative humidity of air in an arch shed, and covering a film to open a shading net for shading; s6: managing the cutting seedlings, wherein in the rooting process of the cutting seedlings, dead cutting slips are found to be removed in time: s7; hardening seedlings: after cuttage, the two ends of the film are opened for ventilation, water spraying is gradually reduced, spraying of the bactericide and the nutrient solution is stopped until the substrate humidity is reduced to about 20%, pure water is thoroughly poured in the shade at night, and the seedling hardening is continuously continued for 2 weeks. The invention realizes the balance of heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation of soil in the cutting bed, thereby improving the survival rate of the gold bullet cutting.

Description

Cuttage and rapid propagation method for ereisma xylocarpa

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a rapid cuttage propagation method for ereisma latifolia.

Background

The Jinpinqi is also called Daizhu or Wubi, because the flower shape is like a bottle and the fragrance is like orchid, the Jinpinqi is also called Daizhu orchid, the root and the stem are all grey black, the bark of a young tree is smooth, the branch is spiny, the quality of evergreen leatheroid is glossy, the single leaf is intergrowth, the flower is cyanine white, the flowering period is 4-5 months, most of the golden maroon are male and female plants, the golden maroon is occasionally male and female plants, the fruit mature period is 9-10 months, the golden maroon is usually used for pot culture, and is a tree species with high ornamental value. The Jinsuozi is distributed and cultivated in Sichuan, Chongqing, Zhaotong, Hanzhong, Ankang, Enshi, Jishou, river pool, Nandan and other areas of China, and the main production area is near the Yangtze river basin of the yellow river, such as Anhui, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei and other areas. Because gold marbles are deeply popular with the masses of people, the demand of the market for gold marbles is large. The seedling of the seed of the plant. The golden bullet likes warm climate, the optimum growth temperature is 28-33 ℃, so the golden bullet is generally inserted in 4 months, but the root of the cutting of the golden bullet is easy to rot and blacken, and the cutting is easy to die in the process of inserting the golden bullet. Meanwhile, after most of the golden marble cuttings grow new roots, the root systems grow weakly due to improper management, and the quality of seedlings is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for rapid propagation of gold bullets by cutting, so as to achieve the balance of heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation of soil in a cutting bed, and further improve the survival rate of gold bullets by cutting.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a cuttage and rapid propagation method for the micropropagation ammunition comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting cuttings; selecting branches which are strong in growth vigor, dense in bud points and semi-lignified as cuttings;

s2, cutting the cutting insert; annularly cutting the part to be cut of the cuttings selected in the step S1 by a knife for one circle, and disinfecting the annularly cut part;

s3, slotting machine treatment; the cutting bed is built by pervious concrete bricks, and when preparing cutting, the cutting bed is disinfected and a film arched shed is built;

s4, cutting processing; cutting the cutting strip subjected to ring cutting from the stock plant, cutting the cutting strip into a plurality of sections, wherein the cut at the top end of the cutting strip is smooth, and the cut at the bottom end of the cutting strip is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes to keep the complete outer skin at the cut of the cutting strip; after trimming is finished, disinfecting the cuttings, soaking the cuttings in a rooting agent, placing the cuttings in a ventilated and cool place after soaking, coating a protective agent at the upper cut of the upper end after the upper cut and the lower cut of the cuttings are aired, and wrapping a layer of waterproof breathable film;

s5, cutting treatment; sequentially paving gravels and a cuttage matrix which are sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam in the cutting bed from bottom to top, spraying a rooting agent, vertically inserting the treated cuttings into the cuttage matrix according to the set plant spacing, paving a layer of covering matrix which is sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam on the surface of the cuttage matrix, spraying clear water on the overground part of the cuttings, keeping the air phase relative humidity in the arched shed, and covering a film to open a shading net for shading;

s6, managing cutting seedlings; after cuttage, observing the relative humidity of air, the humidity of a matrix and the atmospheric temperature in the arched shed every day, spraying a bactericide once every a period of time without opening a shading net within 15 days after cuttage, irrigating a rooting agent once every 6-8 days after cuttage for a period of time for cuttings, continuously irrigating for less than 5 times, and simultaneously keeping the relative humidity and the temperature of the air in the arched shed by spraying water and ventilating;

after 15 days of cuttage, spraying purified water every morning less than 5 days, keeping the humidity of the matrix and the relative humidity of air in the arched shed, wherein the temperature in the arched shed is 25-28 ℃, spraying a bactericide and a nutrient solution regularly, and simultaneously, in the rooting process of the cuttage seedlings, discovering that dead cuttings need to be removed in time;

s7, hardening seedlings; and (3) after 60-65 days of cuttage, opening two ends of the film for ventilation, opening the shading net when the sunlight is strong at noon, closing the shading net at the rest time, gradually reducing water spraying and stopping spraying the bactericide and nutrient solution until the substrate humidity is reduced to about 20%, completely watering purified water at night when the substrate humidity is cool, and continuously continuing for 2 weeks to finish seedling hardening.

Further, in step S1, selecting 1-2 year old branches with stem thickness of 0.8-1.5cm as cuttings in the middle and late ten days of month 2.

Further, in S2, the girdling depth reaches the xylem, the girdling part is disinfected by using carbendazim or chlorothalonil 800-.

Further, the wound healing agent is composed of 200mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.1% concentration potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% concentration urea and 0.1% concentration humic acid, and the protective agent is prepared by fully stirring 25 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of xanthan gum, 10 parts of guar gum and 50 parts of purified water into paste.

Further, in step S3, the cutting bed is built by pervious concrete bricks, cutting is prepared in 3-4 months, the cutting bed is integrally sterilized and disinfected by spraying 1000 times of carbendazim or chlorothalonil 800-wall fluid, and a film arch shed with a shading net is built above the cutting bed.

Further, the pervious concrete brick is prepared from water, cement, sand and stones with the proportion of 0.44:1:1.42:3.17, and the particle size specification of the stones is 5-10 mm; mixing water, cement, sand and pebbles in proportion, pouring the mixture into a mold, solidifying the mixture for 36 hours, soaking the mixture in a fertilizer water solution prepared from 15-15-15 compound fertilizer for 24 hours after solidification, wherein the concentration of the fertilizer water is 1 percent, and cleaning the mixture with clean water after soaking.

Further, in step S4, after the girdling is completed for 20-30 days, cutting the cuttings subjected to girdling from the stock plant, and cutting the cuttings into sections 6-8 cm long, wherein each section is 3-4 sections, the top end of each cutting is flat, the bottom end of each cutting is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes, and the cutting is flat and smooth; the distance between the top end cut and the uppermost bud point is 0.5-1cm, the distance between the bottom end cut and the lowermost bud point is about 0.5cm, all leaves at the lowermost bud point are removed, and the original 1/3-1/2 size of the residual leaves is kept; after trimming, the cutting is put into 1000 times of carbendazim 800-.

Further, in step S5, the humidity of the cutting medium is kept at 55-60%, the plant spacing is 4cm by 4cm, the cutting depth is 1cm beyond the node of the lowest end, and the relative humidity of the air in the arch shed is kept at 70-80%.

Further, in step S6, after cutting, observing the relative humidity of air, the humidity of the substrate and the atmospheric temperature in the arched shed every day, after 15 days of cutting, keeping the shading net from being opened as far as possible, simultaneously spraying a bactericide every 7 days, after 5-7 days of cutting, irrigating the substrate once every 7 days with a rooting agent for 3-4 times, and simultaneously keeping the relative humidity of air in the arched shed at 90% and the temperature at 25-28 ℃ by water spraying and ventilation; and after 15 days of cuttage, spraying purified water once every 8-9 am of 2-3 days, keeping the humidity of the matrix at 55-60%, the relative humidity of air in the arched shed at 90%, the temperature in the arched shed at 25-28 ℃, spraying a bactericide once every 7 days, spraying a nutrient solution once every 15 days, and keeping the relative humidity of the air in the shed at 80% one month after cuttage. Meanwhile, in the rooting process of the cutting seedlings, the dead cutting slips are found to be removed in time.

Furthermore, the nutrient solution consists of organic silicon and amino acid foliar fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the cuttage and rapid propagation method of the golden marbles has the following advantages:

(1) according to the cuttage rapid propagation method of the bombus, the accumulation of nutrient substances of branches is promoted by girdling the branches, the dry matter content of the branches is improved, so that the supply of nutrients required in the cuttage process of the cuttings is enhanced, meanwhile, substances such as naphthylacetic acid (NAA), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and humic acid in the wound healing agent after girdling can promote the formation of callus, and the callus is a rooting foundation, so that the activity of the cuttings can be effectively enhanced, and the survival rate of the cuttings is improved.

(2) The invention relates to a cuttage rapid propagation method of a gold bullet, wherein a rooting agent is formed by mixing 200mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 200mg/L indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.1% humic acid, the humic acid contains various active functional groups and is easy to be absorbed by a cutting, so that the physiological action of the cutting is adjusted, the oxidase and the in vivo diastase activity of the cutting are improved, the respiratory strength of the cutting is increased, the growth is stimulated, the rooting of the cutting is facilitated, the rooting agent is irrigated to a substrate after 5-7 days of cutting, the naphthylacetic acid (NAA), the indolebutyric acid (IBA) and the humic acid in the substrate can be effectively supplemented, and the root system growth can be effectively stimulated after 3-4 times of continuous use; after the compound microbial agent is mixed and enters the matrix, pathogenic bacteria in the matrix can be effectively reduced, cuttings can be protected, root growth promoting substances can be secreted, the growth of the root system can be regulated and controlled, and the growth of the root system can be promoted without irrigating a rooting agent in the later period.

(3) According to the cuttage and rapid propagation method of the gold bullets, the cuttage substrate and the cutting bed are good in air permeability and water permeability, the phenomenon of water accumulation is effectively reduced, and the infection of pathogenic bacteria and water to the cut of the cutting can be reduced by using the protective agent and the waterproof and breathable film together, so that the phenomenon of rot of the cutting is reduced, and the survival rate of the cutting is improved.

(4) According to the cuttage rapid propagation method of the gold bullets, nutrients required by cuttage seedlings can be supplemented by the amino acid foliar fertilizer in the nutrient solution, the adhesion of the cutting leaves to the foliar fertilizer can be improved by the organic silicon, the use efficiency of the amino acid foliar fertilizer is improved, and meanwhile, the health of the gold bullet seedlings can be effectively improved after hardening seedlings for about 2 weeks before the gold bullet seedlings leave the nursery.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships, and are used merely to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Example 1: a cuttage and rapid propagation method for the micropropagation ammunition comprises the following steps:

s1, selection of cutting: in the middle and late ten days of 2 months, branches which are 1-2 years old, 0.8-1.5cm thick in diameter, strong in growth vigor, dense in bud points and semi-lignified are preferably selected as cuttings.

S2, cutting the cutting insert into a ring: cutting a part to be cut of the optimized branch into a circle in an annular mode until the part reaches the xylem, disinfecting the annular cutting part by using 800-.

S3, slotting machine treatment: the cutting bed is built by permeable concrete bricks, when cutting is prepared in 3-4 months, the cutting bed is integrally sterilized and disinfected by spraying 1000 times of carbendazim or chlorothalonil liquid with 800 times of heat, and a film arch shed with a shading net is built above the cutting bed.

S4, cutting processing: cutting the cutting slips after girdling for 20-30 days from the stock plant, cutting the cutting slips into sections with the length of 6-8 cm, wherein each section is 3-4 sections, the cut at the top end of each cutting slip is flat, the cut at the bottom end of each cutting slip is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes, the cut is flat and smooth, and the complete outer skin at the cut of each cutting slip is kept; the distance between the top end cut and the uppermost bud point is 0.5-1cm, the distance between the bottom end cut and the lowermost bud point is about 0.5cm, all leaves at the lowermost bud point are removed, and the original 1/3-1/2 size of the residual leaves is kept; after trimming, the cutting is put into 1000 times of carbendazim 800-.

S5, cutting treatment: firstly, paving gravels and a cuttage matrix which are sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam in a cutting bed in sequence from bottom to top, spraying a rooting agent at the same time, keeping the humidity of the matrix to be 55-60%, then vertically inserting the treated cuttings into the cuttage matrix according to the plant spacing of 4 x 4cm, wherein the cuttage depth is 1cm below the lowest end node, meanwhile paving a layer of covering matrix which is sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam on the surface of the cuttage matrix, finally spraying clear water on the ground parts of the cuttings, keeping the relative humidity of the air in an arch shed to be 70-80%, and covering a film to open a shading net for shading.

S6, management of cutting seedlings: and after cuttage, observing the relative humidity of air, the humidity of a matrix and the atmospheric temperature in the arched shed every day, keeping the shading net as far as possible within 15 days after cuttage, spraying a bactericide once every 7 days, irrigating a rooting agent once every 7 days after cuttage of cuttings is carried out for 5-7 days, continuously irrigating for 3-4 times, and simultaneously keeping the relative humidity of the air in the arched shed at 90% and the temperature at 25-28 ℃ in a water spraying and ventilation mode. And after 15 days of cuttage, spraying purified water once every 8-9 am of 2-3 days, keeping the humidity of the matrix at 55-60%, the relative humidity of air in the arched shed at 90%, the temperature in the arched shed at 25-28 ℃, spraying a bactericide once every 7 days, spraying a nutrient solution once every 15 days, and keeping the relative humidity of the air in the shed at 80% one month after cuttage. Meanwhile, in the rooting process of the cutting seedlings, the dead cutting slips are found to be removed in time.

S7, hardening seedlings: and (3) after 60-65 days after cuttage, opening two ends of the film for ventilation, opening the shading net when the sunlight is strong at noon, closing the shading net at other time, gradually reducing water spraying and stopping spraying of the bactericide and nutrient solution, after 1 week, completely opening the film, stopping water spraying, when the humidity of the substrate is reduced to about 20%, completely watering purified water at night when the substrate is cool, and continuously completing seedling hardening for 1 week.

Preferably, the wound healing promoting agent consists of 200mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.1% concentration potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% concentration urea and 0.1% concentration humic acid; the protective agent is prepared by fully stirring 25 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of xanthan gum, 10 parts of guar gum and 50 parts of purified water into paste.

Preferably; the waterproof breathable film is white and is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is purchased from the market.

Preferably; the slotting machine is of a hollow cuboid groove structure and is made of permeable concrete permeable bricks, the width of the inner part of each groove is 80-100cm, the thickness of the bottom of each groove is 5cm, two long edges of each groove are of stepped structures, the height of each long edge is 25-30cm, the distance between the slotting machines is 40cm, and grass-proof cloth is laid on a passageway between the slotting machines.

Preferably, the pervious concrete brick is prepared from water, cement, sand and pebbles in a ratio of 0.44:1:1.42:3.17, the specification of the pebbles is 5-10mm, the water, the cement, the sand and the pebbles are mixed in proportion and poured into a mold to be solidified for 36 hours, the mixture is soaked in a fertilizer-water solution prepared from 15-15-15 compound fertilizer for 24 hours after solidification, the concentration of the fertilizer water is 1%, and the mixture is cleaned by clean water after soaking.

Preferably, the time interval between the sterilization and the disinfection of the cutting bed and the cutting of the cutting is more than or equal to 7 days; the shading rate of the shading net is 60-70%.

Preferably, the thickness of the broken stone layer in the cutting bed is 5cm, the particle size of the broken stone is 5-10mm, the thickness of the cutting medium layer is 8-10cm, the cutting medium layer is prepared by mixing perlite and leaf mold according to the proportion of 1:1 and then blending the mixture with a compound microbial agent, and the covering medium is coarse coconut shreds with the thickness of 1-2 cm.

Preferably, the rooting agent is formed by mixing 200mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 200mg/L indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.1% humic acid, wherein the humic acid contains various active functional groups and is easy to be absorbed by the cuttings, so that the physiological action of the cuttings is adjusted, the oxidase and the in-vivo glucoamylase activity of the cuttings are improved, the respiratory strength of the cuttings is increased, the growth is stimulated, and the rooting of the cuttings is facilitated.

The bactericide is one or more of carbendazim, chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin, prochloraz and tebuconazole, and the concentration is 0.1-0.2%. The nutrient solution consists of organic silicon and an amino acid foliar fertilizer, and the amino acid water-soluble foliar fertilizer contains medium and trace elements.

Comparative example: the method is characterized in that the method adopts a conventional mode to perform cuttage of the golden bullet cuttings and raise seedlings, and is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the girdling is not sterilized, the substrate is common soil, no microbial inoculum is mixed, and the seedlings are not hardened in the later period. 200 pieces of the golden bomb cuttings are respectively cut in the mode of example 1 and comparative example, and after 75 days of cutting, the results are as follows:

group of	Total number (strain)	Survival rate (strain)	Survival rate (%)
				EXAMPLE 1	200	189	94.5
Comparative examples	200	97	48.5

As can be seen from the above table, the survival rate of the cuttings obtained by cutting in the rapid propagation manner of the embodiment 1 is obviously higher than that of the control, and the cuttings have better growth vigor.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A cuttage and rapid propagation method of a gold bullet is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s4, processing cuttings; cutting the cutting strip subjected to ring cutting from the stock plant, cutting the cutting strip into a plurality of sections, wherein the cut at the top end of the cutting strip is smooth, and the cut at the bottom end of the cutting strip is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes to keep the complete outer skin at the cut of the cutting strip; after trimming, disinfecting the cuttings, soaking the cuttings in a rooting agent, placing the cuttings in a ventilated and cool place, after drying the cuttings at the upper and lower ends, smearing a protective agent at the upper end of the cuttings, and wrapping a layer of waterproof and breathable film;

s5, cutting; sequentially paving gravels and a cuttage matrix which are sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam in the cutting bed from bottom to top, spraying a rooting agent, vertically inserting the treated cuttings into the cuttage matrix according to the set plant spacing, paving a layer of covering matrix which is sterilized and disinfected by high-temperature steam on the surface of the cuttage matrix, spraying clear water on the overground part of the cuttings, keeping the air phase relative humidity in the arched shed, and covering a film to open a shading net for shading;

2. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, selecting 1-2-year-old branches with 0.8-1.5cm thick stems as cuttings in the middle and late ten days of 2 months.

3. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: s2, the girdling depth reaches the xylem, the girdling part is disinfected by 1000 times of carbendazim or chlorothalonil liquid, after the disinfection, a wound healing promoting agent is sprayed on the wound for 5 to 10 days, after 5 to 10 days, a protective agent is smeared on the wound, and a layer of waterproof breathable film is wrapped.

4. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the wound healing agent consists of 200mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.1% concentration monopotassium phosphate, 0.1% concentration urea and 0.1% concentration humic acid, and the protective agent is prepared by fully stirring 25 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of xanthan gum, 10 parts of guar gum and 50 parts of purified water into paste.

5. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the cutting bed is built by pervious concrete bricks, cutting is prepared in 3-4 months, the cutting bed is integrally sterilized and disinfected by spraying 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim or chlorothalonil, and a film arch shed with a shading net is built above the cutting bed.

6. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the pervious concrete brick is prepared from water, cement, sand and stones with the proportion of 0.44:1:1.42:3.17, and the grain size of the stones is 5-10 mm; mixing water, cement, sand and pebbles in proportion, pouring the mixture into a mold, solidifying the mixture for 36 hours, soaking the mixture in a fertilizer water solution prepared from 15-15-15 compound fertilizer for 24 hours after solidification, wherein the concentration of the fertilizer water is 1 percent, and cleaning the mixture with clean water after soaking.

7. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, after the girdling is finished for 20-30 days, cutting the girdled cuttings from the stock plant, cutting the cuttings into sections with the length of 6-8 cm, wherein each section is 3-4 sections, the top end of each cutting is cut flatly, the bottom end of each cutting is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes, and the cut is flat and smooth; the distance between the top end cut and the uppermost bud point is 0.5-1cm, the distance between the bottom end cut and the lowermost bud point is about 0.5cm, all leaves at the lowermost bud point are removed, and the original 1/3-1/2 size of the residual leaves is kept; after trimming, the cuttings are placed into 1000 times of carbendazim 800-plus liquid for disinfection for 10 minutes, the whole cuttings after disinfection and disinfection are placed into a rooting agent for soaking for 1-2 hours, the cuttings after soaking are placed in a ventilated and cool place, after the upper and lower ends of the cuttings are aired, a protective agent is coated on the upper end of the cuttings, and a layer of waterproof and breathable film is wrapped on the cuttings.

8. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the humidity of the cuttage matrix is kept to be 55-60%, the plant spacing is 4cm x 4cm, the cuttage depth is 1cm which is beyond the node of the lowest end, and the relative humidity of the air in the arch shed is kept to be 70-80%.

9. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step S6, after cuttage, observing the relative humidity of air, the humidity of a matrix and the atmospheric temperature in the arched shed every day, after cuttage, keeping the shading net as far as possible from being opened within 15 days, simultaneously spraying a bactericide once every 7 days, after cuttage of cuttings is carried out for 5-7 days, irrigating the matrix once every 7 days with a rooting agent for 3-4 times continuously, and simultaneously keeping the relative humidity of the air in the arched shed at 90% and the temperature at 25-28 ℃ through water spraying and ventilation modes; after 15 days of cuttage, spraying purified water at 8-9 o' clock in the morning every 2-3 days, keeping the humidity of a substrate at 55-60%, the relative humidity of air in an arched shed at 90%, the temperature in the arched shed at 25-28 ℃, spraying a bactericide once every 7 days, spraying a nutrient solution once every 15 days, and keeping the relative humidity of the air in the shed at 80% one month after cuttage; meanwhile, in the rooting process of the cutting seedlings, the dead cutting slips are found to be removed in time.

10. The cuttage and rapid propagation method of the bombax ceiba as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nutrient solution consists of organic silicon and amino acid foliar fertilizer.