CN114410406A - 一种白扁豆保健黄酒及其酿制方法 - Google Patents
一种白扁豆保健黄酒及其酿制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114410406A CN114410406A CN202111401905.6A CN202111401905A CN114410406A CN 114410406 A CN114410406 A CN 114410406A CN 202111401905 A CN202111401905 A CN 202111401905A CN 114410406 A CN114410406 A CN 114410406A
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- white hyacinth
- fermentation
- hyacinth bean
- rice
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Abstract
本发明一种白扁豆保健黄酒及其酿制方法,发酵原料加入白扁豆,淀粉质原材料与中药制浆混合发酵,使白扁豆中非淀粉质多糖以及植物血细胞凝聚素浸出到酒液中,使用纯天然并具有健脾止泻、降糖降脂作用的白扁豆作为主要原料,同时添加补气补血的桂圆和当归、增强免疫力的枸杞和健脾胃、抗衰老的山药到大米、大黄米和黍米中,经过原料预处理、接种、发酵、澄清、过滤、灌装等工序进行酿造而成,不添加任何化学防腐成分以及人工合成的色素及香精,营养充分,口感柔和,醇馥幽郁,同时更具有降低血糖血脂、强健脾胃、延缓衰老,抗菌解毒、激活免疫细胞增强免疫力,抗肿瘤,对人体有这十分显著的保健功能,是及营养与保健于一体的健康饮品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及黄酒制造技术领域,具体涉及一种白扁豆保健黄酒及其酿制方法。
背景技术
黄酒是我国最古老的酒种,以稻米、黍米、玉米、小米、小麦等为主要原料,采用蒸煮、加酒曲、糖化、发酵、压榨、过滤、煎酒、贮存、勾兑而成的酿造酒,其色泽橙黄透明,香味浓郁,口感柔和鲜爽,是集饮用、烹饪、保健于一身的低度酒,并被誉为中国的“国酒”。黄酒含有多酚、类黑精、谷胱甘肽等生理活性成分,具有清除自由基,预防心血管病、抗癌、抗衰老等生理功能,同时富含8种人体不能合成的氨基酸、肽类、乳酸、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、琥珀酸、少量醛、多种维生素以及钙、钾、钠、锌、铜、镁、铁、硒等常量和微量元素,这些营养成分容易被人体吸收从而防止血压升高以及血栓的形成。
白扁豆属于豆科植物,原产地为印度以及印度尼西亚等地,在汉、晋时期引入我国,《本草纲目》记载“扁豆调肝和胃,清暑祛湿,止泻湿”,《名医别录》记载扁豆“中下气”可升清降浊,因此有调节肝和胃的功能,同时白扁豆被《中国药典》收载,作用为健脾、化湿,和中、消暑,它的果皮(扁豆衣)、花、叶均可入药,扁豆衣能健脾、化湿,用于治疗痢疾、腹泻、脚气、浮肿等;扁豆花能解暑化湿、和中健脾,用于治疗夏伤暑湿、发热、泄泻、痢疾、赤白带下、跌打伤肿等,在药理研究表明,白扁豆的提取液还具有抗菌和抗病毒的作用,作为滋补佳品,到了夏暑集结可以作为轻量的饮料饮用;白扁豆的营养成分丰富,含有脂肪、多糖、蛋白质、钙、铁、磷维生素营养物质,而白扁豆中的多糖可以提高细胞抗氧化活性,保护神经细胞,白扁豆中的蕴含着一种名叫植物血细胞凝聚素的物质,这种物质能够让癌细胞发生凝聚反应,使得肿瘤细胞的表面发生结构变化是失去原有的能力,从而达到预防和抗击癌症的作用。白扁豆中的非淀粉质多糖有降血糖降血脂的功能,且对幽门螺杆菌损伤人胃黏膜上皮细胞的修复作用,以及皮肤病变,治疗病情多之又多,可见其重要性。
目前,将白扁豆与大米、大黄米、黍米混合成一种白扁豆保健黄酒,还未见到报道和产品上市。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种白扁豆保健黄酒及其酿制方法,其中主要成分白扁豆以及桂圆、当归、枸杞和山药添加到大米、大黄米、黍米原料中,通过酿制工艺,生产出一种具有降低血糖血脂,同时提高免疫力,抗肿瘤、延缓衰老、养护脾胃的保健型黄酒,其中所涉及到的中药原料桂圆和当归起到活血,补血,保护肝脏,抑制自由基、抗氧化作用,降低脑损伤的作用,枸杞用来增强和调节免疫,促进造血功能,延缓衰老,抗肿瘤以及降血脂血糖,山药则补脾养胃、生津益肺,补肾生精、健脾止泻,增强特异性免疫,抗肿瘤、抗衰老和氧化,将其放入到该保健黄酒中使该黄酒的保健效果达到最佳效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案;
一种白扁豆保健黄酒,其特征在于:发酵原料加入白扁豆,淀粉质原材料与中药制浆混合发酵,使白扁豆中非淀粉质多糖以及植物血细胞凝聚素浸出到酒液中。
优选的,所述发酵原料为大米、大黄米、黍米、小米、玉米、黑米、小麦中的一种或多种组合。
优选的,所述中药制浆原料包括桂圆、当归、枸杞和山药。
一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、中药预处理:按重量份分别取桂圆5~8份、当归5~8份、枸杞3~5份、山药2~4份、将所述桂圆、所述当归、枸杞及山药加入一定量的水后打成浆,得中药混合物;
步骤二、原料预处理:按重量份分别取大米20~30份、大黄米8~10份、黍米5~8份,白扁豆8~10份,将所述大米、黑米、黍米及白扁豆,分别去除杂质、洗净,将大米进行精白处理;
步骤三、原料浸泡处理:将洗净的大米、黍米、大黄米以及所述白扁豆温水浸泡;
步骤四、蒸制:将步骤三所浸泡后完成的大米、大黄米、黍米以及白扁豆分别蒸熟、摊凉冷却后混匀,取得蒸制物;
步骤五、接种黄酒酵母:将步骤四所得的蒸制物及步骤一所得的中药浆混匀,接入酵母;
步骤六、装缸混合发酵;装到缸里一段时间后,控制温度进行主发酵;
步骤七、静止发酵;主发酵结束后再降温静止发酵,有利于原料内物质充分浸出;
步骤八、澄清、过滤、包装得成品,将制得的发酵酒通过设备进行澄清和过滤,最后消杀灌装。
优选的,所述步骤一当中的中药混合物加入水的体积与中药的体积为1: 0.8~1。
优选的,所述步骤二中的大米精白率达到75%。
优选的,所述步骤三中原料浸泡温度与时间设定在30℃温水并浸泡 8~12h。
优选的,所述步骤六中混合物放入发酵缸中12h,混合后控制温度在 30~32℃进行主发酵,发酵时间设定在3~5天。
优选的,所述步骤七中主发酵结束后,控制温度在15~18℃,并继续静止发酵25~30天。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供的一种白扁豆保健黄酒,使用纯天然并具有健脾止泻、降糖降脂作用的白扁豆作为主要原料,同时添加补气补血的桂圆和当归、增强免疫力的枸杞和健脾胃、抗衰老的山药到大米、大黄米和黍米中,经过原料预处理、接种、发酵、澄清、过滤、灌装等工序进行酿造而成,不添加任何化学防腐成分以及人工合成的色素及香精,营养充分,口感柔和,醇馥幽郁,同时更具有降低血糖血脂、强健脾胃、延缓衰老,抗菌解毒、激活免疫细胞增强免疫力,抗肿瘤,对人体有这十分显著的保健功能,是集营养与保健于一体的健康饮品。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,包括以下步骤;
(1)、中药预处理:按重量份分别取桂圆8份、当归8份、枸杞5份、山药4份、将桂圆、当归、枸杞及山药加入一定量的水后打成浆,得中药混合物,中药混合物所加入水的体积与中药的体积比例为1:0.8;
(2)、原料预处理:按重量份分别取大米30份、大黄米10份、黍米8 份,白扁豆10份,将大米、黑米、黍米及白扁豆、分别去除杂质、洗净,将大米进行精白处理,大米的精白率达到75%;
(3)、原料浸泡处理:将洗净的大米、黍米、大黄米以及白扁豆温水浸泡8h,温水设定在30℃。
(4)、蒸制:将浸泡后的大米、大黄米、黍米以及白扁豆分别蒸熟,摊凉冷却到25℃后混匀,得蒸制物;
(5)、接种黄酒酵母:将所述蒸制物及所述中药浆混匀,接入酵母,进行发酵。
(6)、装缸混合发酵;装到缸里一段时间后,控制温度进行主发酵,混合物放入发酵缸中12h后控制温度在30℃进行主发酵3天;
(7)、静止发酵;主发酵结束后再降温静止发酵,有利于原料内物质充分浸出,静止发酵控制温度在15℃,并继续静止发酵25天;
(8)、澄清、过滤、包装得成品,将制得的发酵酒通过设备进行澄清和过滤,最后消杀灌装。
实施例2:一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,包括以下步骤;
(1)、中药预处理:按重量份分别取桂圆7份、当归7份、枸杞4份、山药4份、将桂圆、当归、枸杞及山药加入一定量的水后打成浆,得中药混合物,中药混合物所加入水的体积与中药的体积比例为1:0.9;
(2)、原料预处理:按重量份分别取大米30份、大黄米10份、黍米8 份,白扁豆10份,将大米、黑米、黍米及白扁豆、分别去除杂质、洗净,将大米进行精白处理,大米的精白率达到75%。
(3)、原料浸泡处理:将洗净的大米、黍米、大黄米以及白扁豆温水浸泡9h,温水设定在30℃。
(4)、蒸制:将浸泡后的大米、大黄米、黍米以及白扁豆分别蒸熟,摊凉冷却到25℃后混匀,得蒸制物;
(5)、接种黄酒酵母:将所述蒸制物及所述中药浆混匀,接入酵母,进行发酵。
(6)、装缸混合发酵;装到缸里一段时间后,控制温度进行主发酵,混合物放入发酵缸中12h后控制温度在31℃进行主发酵4天;
(7)、静止发酵;主发酵结束后再降温静止发酵,有利于原料内物质充分浸出,静止发酵控制温度在17℃,并继续静止发酵27天;
(8)、澄清、过滤、包装得成品,将制得的发酵酒通过设备进行澄清和过滤,最后消杀灌装。
实施例3:一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,包括以下步骤;
(1)、中药预处理:按重量份分别取桂圆5份、当归5份、枸杞3份、山药2份、将桂圆、当归、枸杞及山药加入一定量的水后打成浆,得中药混合物,中药混合物所加入水的体积与中药的体积比例为1:1。
(2)、原料预处理:按重量份分别取大米20份、大黄米8份、黍米5 份,白扁豆8份,将大米、黑米、黍米及白扁豆、分别去除杂质、洗净,将大米进行精白处理,大米的精白率达到75%。
(3)、原料浸泡处理:将洗净的大米、黍米、大黄米以及白扁豆温水浸泡10h,温水设定在30℃。
(4)、蒸制:将浸泡后的大米、大黄米、黍米以及白扁豆分别蒸熟,摊凉冷却到25℃后混匀,得蒸制物。
(5)、接种黄酒酵母:将所述蒸制物及所述中药浆混匀,接入酵母,进行发酵。
(6)、装缸混合发酵;装到缸里一段时间后,控制温度进行主发酵,混合物放入发酵缸中12h后控制温度在32℃进行主发酵5天。
(7)、静止发酵;主发酵结束后再降温静止发酵,有利于原料内物质充分浸出,静止发酵控制温度在18℃,并继续静止发酵30天。
(8)、澄清、过滤、包装得成品,将制得的发酵酒通过设备进行澄清和过滤,最后消杀灌装。
白扁豆保健黄酒制作工艺单因素实验
为了得到白扁豆保健黄酒生产加工的最佳生产工艺参数,通过该穿品的生产工艺流程及其配方上的设计方案(如表1),在实验室反复对白扁豆保健黄酒酿制及其工艺进行实验,其中发酵占据主导作用,微生物在发酵过程中,利用从而发现实验过程中发酵温度和发酵时间占据了该黄酒的品质及产量的关键实验因素。
表1实验室原料配比
实验中选择黄酒的主发酵温度分别为30℃、31℃和32℃,主发酵时间定为3d、4d和5d进行单因素实验,从而观察各因素对黄酒的综合质量影响。
结果与分析
1.发酵温度对黄酒品质的影响
温度对发酵的影响主要是通过影响发酵过程中微生物的活性来实现,即糖化和发酵的过程,适宜的温度是酵母生长和繁殖的中药条件之一,任何生化过程的酶促反应都与温度有密不可分的关系,黄酒的发酵在众多生物酶的催化下共同完成的过程温度越高,细胞的分裂速度加快,同时酶的活性增强,但如果酶的活性越高则容易引起过度发酵,造成酸败机发酵微生物体系失衡,过度繁殖的酵母菌在发酵后会自溶产生酪醇,造成黄酒的口感发苦,因此最适合发酵温度的确定对于黄酒制作工艺的优化有着重要作用,本实验中实施例1中将配比好的原料分别在30℃、31℃和32℃下发酵10天,酿制成成品,分别对不同温度下的酒精度、总酸、总糖含量、色泽,并对其口感测评。
表2为发酵温度对白扁豆黄酒发酵的影响。
表2主发酵温度对成品质量的影响
注:色泽+表示颜色较浅,+-表示颜色适中+++表示颜色较深。口感+表示有杂味,++表示口味协调+++表示风味协调。
由表2可知,发酵温度在30-32℃范围内,白扁豆黄酒的成品酒精度和总酸随温度的升高呈现增长趋势,而总糖含量则逐次降低,其色泽上由较钱逐步加深又随着温度的升高而适中,口感上由最初的协调变成杂味,又随着温度升高至32℃时,随着酒精度数的增大、糖分的减少而变得风味协调达到最适合的口感,
2.发酵时间对黄酒品质的影响
发酵时间影响着黄酒的糖化和发酵程度,在配比好酿酒原料比例后,通过发酵时间的确定,可以进一步了解整个发酵的流程,控制制作工艺过程中的每一步时间,使制作工艺更加完善,发酵的更加彻底,通过将实施例2中配比好的发酵原料分别在3d、4d和5d,所选取的发酵温度为32℃,测定不同发酵时间酒液的酒精度、总糖、总酸的含量
表3为发酵时间对白扁豆黄酒发酵的影响
表3主发酵过程中的理化指标变化
由表3可知,发酵时间在1-30天范围内,白扁豆黄酒的总糖会随着发酵时间逐渐下降、酒精度逐渐增加,总酸数开始时会升高而到达发酵后期,又逐渐下降,而黄酒发酵时间过程则会导致黄酒的口感变差,因此黄酒的主发酵时间5天为最佳。
3.表4为实施例检测结果
表4实验室实施案例检测结果
注:1.总酯指乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、乙酸异丁酯之和;2.总高级醇指仲丁醇、异丁醇、正丙醇、异丁醇、异戊醇含量之和。
通过表4可知,白扁豆黄酒的单因素实验分析可知,三个实施例发酵后测得其酒精度、总糖、总酸的含量,均可以制作出很好的色泽和口感,因此通过上述实施例所酿制的白扁豆黄酒香气浓郁、口感醇厚、品质较高、安全、健康、绿色、无污染、不添加任何添加剂,深受广大消费者喜欢。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围,本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (9)
1.一种白扁豆保健黄酒,其特征在于:发酵原料加入白扁豆,淀粉质原材料与中药制浆混合发酵,使白扁豆中非淀粉质多糖以及植物血细胞凝聚素浸出到酒液中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒,其特征在于所述发酵原料为大米、大黄米、黍米、小米、玉米、黑米、小麦中的一种或多种组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒,其特征在于所述中药制浆原料包括桂圆、当归、枸杞和山药。
4.一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、中药预处理:按重量份分别取桂圆5~8份、当归5~8份、枸杞3~5份、山药2~4份、将所述桂圆、所述当归、枸杞及山药加入一定量的水后打成浆,得中药混合物;
步骤二、原料预处理:按重量份分别取大米20~30份、大黄米8~10份、黍米5~8份,白扁豆8~10份,将所述大米、黑米、黍米及白扁豆,分别去除杂质、洗净,将大米进行精白处理;
步骤三、原料浸泡处理:将洗净的大米、黍米、大黄米以及所述白扁豆温水浸泡;
步骤四、蒸制:将步骤三所浸泡后完成的大米、大黄米、黍米以及白扁豆分别蒸熟、摊凉冷却后混匀,取得蒸制物;
步骤五、接种黄酒酵母:将步骤四所得的蒸制物及步骤一所得的中药浆混匀,接入酵母;
步骤六、装缸混合发酵;装到缸里一段时间后,控制温度进行主发酵;
步骤七、静止发酵;主发酵结束后再降温静止发酵,有利于原料内物质充分浸出;
步骤八、澄清、过滤、包装得成品,将制得的发酵酒通过设备进行澄清和过滤,最后消杀灌装。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一当中的中药混合物加入水的体积与中药的体积比例为1:0.8~1。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二中的大米精白率达到75%。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤三中原料浸泡温度与时间设定在30℃温水并浸泡8~12h。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法:将所述的步骤六中混合物放入发酵缸中12h,混合后控制温度在30~32℃进行主发酵,发酵时间设定在3~5天。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种白扁豆保健黄酒的酿制方法:将步骤七中主发酵结束后,控制温度在15~18℃,并继续静止发酵25~30天。
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