CN114258821B - Method for promoting roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi large seedlings by virtue of two-element interaction of mycorrhiza and hormone - Google Patents
Method for promoting roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi large seedlings by virtue of two-element interaction of mycorrhiza and hormone Download PDFInfo
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- CN114258821B CN114258821B CN202111614069.XA CN202111614069A CN114258821B CN 114258821 B CN114258821 B CN 114258821B CN 202111614069 A CN202111614069 A CN 202111614069A CN 114258821 B CN114258821 B CN 114258821B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for promoting roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings, which comprises the following steps: 1 month after the pinus sylvestris is transplanted, punching a plurality of round holes in the matrix around the root base by taking the root base of the pinus sylvestris as the center of a circle, then mixing the pleurotus ostreatus microbial inoculum and the matrix to prepare a root promoting medium, and pouring the medium into the round holes; taking a trunk as a center, respectively pouring indolebutyric acid rooting solution in the southwest direction and the northeast direction of the trunk, filling and covering with a substrate after the application, and applying the indolebutyric acid rooting solution once every 15-20 days; and (3) carrying out water conservation on the winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by a drip irrigation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings, in particular to a mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for promoting roots of pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi large seedlings.
Background
Mycorrhiza refers to the symbiont of certain fungi with plant roots in the soil. The mycorrhiza has the main functions of expanding the absorption surface of the root system and increasing the absorption capacity of elements outside the absorption range of the original root hairs. A class of fungi that are symbiotic associations capable of forming interactions with specific plant roots.
The microbial inoculum is a live bacterial preparation prepared by processing fermentation liquor for adsorbing thalli by using porous substances as adsorbents (such as turf and vermiculite) after effective bacteria are subjected to industrial production and propagation. The bactericide is used for dressing seeds or dipping roots, and has the effects of directly or indirectly improving soil, restoring land capability, preventing soil-borne diseases, maintaining rhizosphere microflora balance, degrading toxic and harmful substances and the like. The proper use of the microbial inoculum can improve the crop yield, improve the crop quality, reduce the fertilizer consumption, reduce the cost, improve the soil and protect the ecological environment.
The ectomycorrhizal fungi infect the root system of the pine to form mycorrhiza, so that the area of the root system for absorbing water and fertilizer can be increased, and various hormones required by the pine can be generated to promote the growth of the pine. At present, the application of the mycorrhiza technology in the cultivation of the pinus sylvestris large-size container seedlings is not reported yet, and needs to be further researched.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a method for promoting the root growth of pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by mycorrhiza technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention uses the pleurotus ostreatus microbial inoculum and the indolebutyric acid to be applied into the container together, thereby promoting the growth of the plant root system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for root promotion of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings comprises the following processes:
1) 1 month after the pinus sylvestris is transplanted, drilling a plurality of round holes around the root base by taking the pinus sylvestris root base as the center of a circle, mixing the shiitake mushroom microbial inoculum and the matrix to prepare slurry, and pouring the slurry into the round holes;
2) Taking a trunk as a center, respectively pouring 5L of indolebutyric acid rooting solution in the southwest direction and the northeast direction of the trunk, filling and covering with a substrate after the application, and applying the solution once every 15-20 days;
3) And (3) carrying out water conservation on the winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by a drip irrigation method.
As a preferable technical scheme of the technical scheme, in the step 1), the volume ratio of the microbial inoculum to the matrix is 1:1, and the application amount of the microbial inoculum is 300ml.
As a preferable mode of the above mode, in the step 1), the substrate includes: peat, perlite, vermiculite and forestry and agricultural wastes, and the volume ratio is 6.
As a preferable technical means of the above technical means, in the step 1), the straight line distance from the round hole to the root is 15cm.
As a preferable technical means of the above technical means, in the step 1), the depth of the circular hole is 30cm.
As a preferable technical scheme of the above technical scheme, in the step 2), the preparation method of the indolebutyric acid solution comprises the following steps: dissolving 1g of indolebutyric acid in 5ml of 95% alcohol, and metering to 5L by using clear water.
As a preferable technical scheme of the technical scheme, in the step 2), the application of the indolebutyric acid rooting solution needs to avoid rainy days.
As a preferable technical scheme of the above technical scheme, in the step 3), water pipes are buried at two sides of the seedbed for drip irrigation, the water pipes are connected with the drip irrigation pipes, 4 water droppers are inserted into each tree and distributed at positions 15cm away from the root in four directions of northeast, southwest and southeast of the container seedling, the irrigation water dropper is inserted into the container soil to a depth of 5cm, and the flow rate and the water amount are 8L/h.
The pileus bacteria and the pinus sylvestris root system have a symbiotic relationship to form mycorrhiza, so that the pileus bacteria agent is applied into a container after the pinus sylvestris seedlings are transplanted, and the growth of the root system can be remarkably promoted; moreover, the pleurotus ostreatus microbial inoculum and the indolebutyric acid rooting solution have a synergistic interaction effect, and compared with the single application of the microbial inoculum or the single application of the indolebutyric acid, the effect is more obvious, the infection rate of the microbial inoculum is higher, the interaction effect between the root system and the microbial inoculum is better, and the growth of the root system is promoted by the microbial inoculum.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides the influences of the substrate proportion, indolebutyric acid and the Pimenta dioica on the growth and physiological characteristics of the large-size container seedlings of the pinus sylvestris, screens the appropriate substrate and microbial inoculum concentration, promotes the large-size container seedlings to quickly grow and quickly recover the vitality, improves the growth quantity and stress resistance of the seedlings, and has important significance for improving the survival rate and the afforestation quality of afforestation and solving the technical problem of the pinus sylvestris afforestation under the difficult site conditions.
Example 1
A mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for promoting roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) promoting rooting by adopting a microbial inoculum.
Dominant ectomycorrhizal strains, such as Paxillus adelphus inoculants, which have a good symbiotic relationship with the roots of Pinus sylvestris should be selected, and the strain needs to be easily available and has a high survival rate.
After the microbial inoculum is cultured, the microbial inoculum needs to be refrigerated and stored at 0-4 ℃, and is placed at room temperature for 24 hours before inoculation to recover the activity of the microbial inoculum. Shading treatment is carried out in the whole inoculation process of the microbial inoculum, so that the microbial inoculum is prevented from being killed by ultraviolet rays. The inoculation of the microbial inoculum is carried out one month after the planting of the nursery stocks, so that the secondary root injury of the nursery stocks in the seedling revival stage is avoided, and the inoculation is preferably carried out in the early morning or at the evening.
Drilling 6 hole columns with the depth of 30cm at the position 15cm away from the root by using a 3 cm-aperture earth drill in a uniform direction, mixing a Paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum and a matrix to prepare slurry, pouring the slurry into a cave, and filling and compacting the cave opening by using the matrix. 300ml of microbial inoculum is preferably applied to each 8-year-old pinus sylvestris, and nursery stocks of other specifications can be increased or decreased as required. The earth auger needs to vertically perforate and cannot deflect, and continuous perforation is not suitable if the earth auger meets thick roots so as to avoid serious damage to the root system. When the microbial inoculum is inoculated, the matrix is watered thoroughly to prevent dehydration and death when the microbial inoculum is mixed with the matrix.
After the nursery stock is transplanted, different substrate proportions are configured according to the experimental design requirements, the nursery stock and the experimental design requirements are manually mixed and stirred uniformly, disinfection treatment is carried out, a layer of substrate is laid at the bottom of a container, the transplanted seedling with the soil ball is placed in the middle of the container, the substrate is continuously filled at two sides of the soil ball, and the soil ball is compacted while being filled. After one month of transplantation, 1 pore column with the depth of 30cm is drilled in the east-west-south-north direction at the position 15cm away from the root by a soil drill with the caliber of 3cm, paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum and light matrix are mixed to prepare slurry, 100mL, 200mL and 300mL of Paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum are respectively applied to each pore column after B1, B2 and B3 test treatment, and only light matrix is applied to B0. And (4) pouring the slurry into the cave, and filling and compacting the cave opening by using the matrix. The treatment groups are completely consistent in management measures such as water supply, weeding, shading, pest control and the like, after nursery stock transplantation, different substrate proportions are configured according to the experimental design requirements, the nursery stock transplantation is manually mixed and stirred uniformly, disinfection treatment is well carried out, a layer of substrate is laid at the bottom of a container, the transplanted nursery stock with soil balls is placed in the middle of the container, substrates are continuously filled at two sides of the soil balls, and the soil balls are compacted while being filled. After one month of transplantation, drilling 1 hole column with the depth of 30cm in the east-west-south-north direction at the position 15cm away from the root by using soil with the caliber of 3cm, mixing Paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum and light matrix to prepare a root promoting medium, carrying out B1, B2 and B3 tests, applying 100mL, 200mL and 300mL of Paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum to each hole column, applying light matrix to B0, treating 50 plants each, filling the medium into a cave, and filling and compacting the cave mouth by using the matrix. The management measures of water supply, weeding, shading, pest control and the like of each treatment group are completely consistent; the light medium is light seedling medium, peat, perlite, vermiculite and forestry and agricultural residues, and the volume ratio is 6. According to the provisions of LY/T1000-2013, when the substrates are mixed, ferrous sulfate (2-3 percent for industrial use) and phoxim (50 percent) are added, 20-30 kg of ferrous sulfate is used for each cubic meter, 10-15 g of phoxim is used for each cubic meter and mixed into the substrates, after uniform stirring, the substrates are covered by airtight materials for more than 24 hours, and the substrates are sprinkled with water to be wet to 60-70 percent of the saturated water content before filling.
The large container seedling has large weight, the used matrix is not too heavy, the container seedling matrix has good physical properties, has good functions of moisture preservation, fertilizer preservation, ventilation and drainage, has light weight, is beneficial to transportation, is beneficial to generating stable root lumps, has proper volume weight and pore ratio, has no plant diseases and insect pests and has no weed seeds. Besides physical properties, the container seedling substrate also has good chemical properties, including weak acidity, low fertility and the like;
(2) Adopts hormone to promote the growth of new roots.
Taking a trunk as a center, respectively pouring 5L of indolebutyric acid solution in the southwest direction and the northeast direction of the trunk, filling and covering with a substrate after the application, and applying once every 17 days;
(3) Moisture management and maintenance of matrix by using dropper
Drip irrigation belongs to micro irrigation technology, a mode of additionally installing drippers on a drip irrigation PE pipe can be adopted, water pipes are buried at two sides of a seedbed and connected with the drip irrigation pipe, 4 drippers are inserted into each tree and distributed at positions 15cm away from a root in four directions of northeast, southeast and southwest of container seedlings, irrigation drippers are inserted into the container soil to a depth of 5cm, the water flow rate is preferably 8L/h, the condition that the substrate in the container can fully absorb water is ensured, watering is carried out in the early morning or at night, the condition that the substrate is fully watered within 2 hours is preferably adopted, and the phenomenon that excessive water inhibits the respiration of microbial inoculums is prevented. By adopting the drip irrigation technology, the water slowly and uniformly permeates into the matrix through the drippers, the water-saving irrigation method is very effective, the efficiency is high, the matrix structure can be maintained, and the water utilization rate is improved.
(4) Adopts slow release fertilizer combined with quick-acting fertilizer
The fertilizer is a compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.
The slow release fertilizer and the water soluble fertilizer are applied in the fast growth period of the nursery stock in summer.
Selecting a slow release fertilizer with the release time of 3-4 months, and applying the slow release fertilizer on the surface layer at the application amount of 3kg/m 3 ～5kg/m 3 . And accurately calculating and weighing the application amount of the controlled-release fertilizer of each root control container according to the volume of the root control container.
The influence of different microbial inoculum application amounts on the physiological characteristics of pinus sylvestris container seedlings is shown in table 1;
from the aspect of the content of the non-structural carbohydrate of the leaves, the content of the non-structural carbohydrate of the leaves treated by the microbial inoculum is obviously higher than that of a control, wherein the content of B1, B2 and B3 is respectively increased by 24 percent, 28 percent and 27 percent compared with that of the control.
From the point of view of the relative conductivity of the leaves and the accumulation amount of the photosynthetic pigments, no significant difference exists between the treatments, but in comparison, the relative conductivity of the leaves inoculated with 200ml of microbial inoculum and the relative conductivity of the leaves inoculated with 300ml of microbial inoculum are the lowest, and the content of the photosynthetic pigments is the highest.
TABLE 1 mycorrhiza infection rates at different application rates of microbial inoculum
| Treatment of | B1 | B2 | B3 |
| Mycorrhizal infection rate/%) | 30.33±4.04a | 34.67±2.08a | 35.00±3.61a |
The difference of the application amount of different microbial agents on the infection effect of the microbial agents is not obvious, but the infection rate of mycorrhiza treated by applying 200ml and 300ml of microbial agents is the highest, and the infection rate of mycorrhiza treated by applying 100ml of microbial agents is the lowest. The higher the infection rate of the microbial inoculum is, the more beneficial the microbial inoculum to promote the growth of root systems.
After indolebutyric acid is added, the mycorrhiza infection rate is shown in table 2;
TABLE 2
| Treatment of | B1+IBA | B2+IBA | B3+IBA |
| Mycorrhizal infection rate/%) | 60.23±3.94a | 64.59±2.58a | 71.20±3.11a |
Mycorrhiza rate = mycorrhiza number/total number of measurements 100%;
different microbial agents and indolebutyric acid interact with each other, the application amount influences the infection effect of the microbial agent, but the infection rate of mycorrhiza treated by applying the microbial agent B3+ IBA is the highest, and the infection rate of mycorrhiza treated by applying the microbial agent B1+ IBA is the lowest.
In summary, the following steps: 200 and 300ml of Paxillus adelphus microbial inoculum is used for inoculating large-size container seedlings of pinus sylvestris, which is most beneficial to the recovery and accumulation of nutrient substances after seedling transplantation, the improvement of seedling resistance, the reduction of leaf cell membrane permeability and the accumulation of leaf photosynthetic pigments. But on the premise of the same effect, on the principle of not wasting much financial resources and material resources, 200ml of Paxillus adelphus fungicide and indolebutyric acid are selected as the optimal inoculation dose.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for promoting roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi big seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) 1 month after the pinus sylvestris is transplanted, punching a plurality of round holes around the root base by taking the root base of the pinus sylvestris as the center of a circle, mixing the stipes mushroom bacterial agent with the matrix, and pouring the mixture into the round holes; wherein the volume ratio of the oudemansiella tertiolecta microbial inoculum to the matrix is 1:1, and the application amount of the oudemansiella tertiolecta microbial inoculum is 300ml;
2) Taking a trunk as a center, respectively pouring 5L of indolebutyric acid rooting solution in the southwest direction and the northeast direction of the trunk, filling and covering with a substrate after the application, and applying the solution once every 15 to 20 days;
3) And (3) carrying out water conservation on the winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by a drip irrigation method.
2. The method for promoting the roots of the Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by the mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction of claim 1, wherein the matrix comprises peat, perlite, vermiculite and forestry and agricultural residues, and the volume ratio is 6.
3. The method for promoting the roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by virtue of mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the straight line distance from the round hole to the root base is 15cm.
4. The method for promoting the roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by virtue of mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the depth of the round hole is 30cm.
5. The mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction method for rooting of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the preparation method of the indolebutyric acid rooting solution comprises the following steps: dissolving indolebutyric acid 1.0g in 5ml of 95% alcohol, and diluting to 5L with clear water.
6. The method for promoting the roots of Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by virtue of mycorrhiza and hormone binary interaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the indolebutyric acid rooting solution is applied to avoid rainy days.
7. The method for promoting the roots of the Pinus sylvestris winter Jing Rongqi seedlings by the dual interaction of mycorrhiza and hormone as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the drip irrigation is that water pipes are buried at two sides of the seedbed, the water pipes are connected with drip irrigation pipes, 4 water droppers are inserted into each tree and distributed at the positions 15cm away from the root base in the four directions of the northeast, the west and the south of the container seedlings, the irrigation water droppers are inserted into the soil of the container for 5cm in depth, and the flow rate and the water amount are 8L/h.
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