CN114230356A - 玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:a.按质量份计,以60~80wt%的碳化硅微粉、5~11wt%的炭黑、8~16wt%的石墨粉、5~15wt%的酚醛树脂、5~15wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.02‑0.05wt%为原料。本申请中,通过催化剂的作用将玻璃纤维催化转化为碳化硅纤维,催化转化而成的碳化硅纤维保留有玻璃纤维的形状,纤维的成分为碳化硅,与碳化硅陶瓷具有较强的结合作用。提高碳化硅陶瓷的高温实用性与力学稳定性。降低碳化硅陶瓷生产过程中的原料使用,降低了碳化硅纤维增强增韧碳化硅陶瓷的价格,可适用于工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及碳化硅陶瓷制备技术领域,尤其涉及玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硅陶瓷具有优良的力学性能,高能抗弯强度,优良的抗氧化性,良好的耐腐蚀性,高的抗磨损以及低的摩擦系数,是陶瓷材料中高温强度最好的材料。
但是,碳化硅陶瓷的缺点是断裂韧性较低,容易受到表面或内部的集中应力而发生脆性断裂。现有研究通过直接加入法加入碳化硅、碳纤维等对碳化硅陶瓷进行增强增韧,但纤维粘结性较差。此外,高纯度的碳化硅或者碳纤维价格很高,而低纯度的纤维中杂质较多,造成复合材料制造的成本高,限制了材料的大规模生产应用。现在还没有合适的纤维增强的碳化硅陶瓷在生产中广泛应用,烧结过程中仍是以碳化硅陶瓷作为日用陶瓷烧结的支架。
综上,碳化硅陶瓷在日用陶瓷烧结过程中应用广泛,但碳化硅陶瓷不具备塑性变形能力,容易发生脆性断裂,通过外部添加法加入的纤维价格高,不适用于大规模生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:为了解决上述问题,而提出的玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a.按质量份计,以60~80wt%的碳化硅微粉、5~11wt%的炭黑、8~16wt%的石墨粉、5~15wt%的酚醛树脂、5~15wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.02-0.05wt%为原料;
将60~80wt%的碳化硅微粉、5~11wt%的炭黑、8~16wt%的石墨粉和5~15wt%的酚醛树脂加入去离子水以碳化硅球为研磨介质在行星球磨机中混合,得到混合料;
b.将5~15wt%的玻璃纤维加入到混合料中,继续在行星球磨机中混合;
c.通过挤出机挤出成型,得到生坯、并对其进行干燥处理;
d.反应烧结炉抽真空后放入干燥后的生胚;
e.在1550~1750℃渗硅条件下保温3~8小时,之后再降温到1300-1450℃保温2-5小时,冷却至室温后即得玻璃纤维转化的碳化硅纤维增强增韧的碳化硅陶瓷。
优选地,所述c步骤中的干燥时间为12~36小时。
优选地,所述c步骤中的干燥环境为100~200℃。
优选地,所述d步骤中的反应烧结炉抽真空至真空度小于0Mpa。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
本申请中,通过催化剂的作用将玻璃纤维催化转化为碳化硅纤维,催化转化而成的碳化硅纤维保留有玻璃纤维的形状,纤维的成分为碳化硅,与碳化硅陶瓷具有较强的结合作用。 提高碳化硅陶瓷的高温实用性与力学稳定性。降低碳化硅陶瓷生产过程中的原料使用,降低了碳化硅纤维增强增韧碳化硅陶瓷的价格,可适用于工业生产。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a.按质量份计,以60wt%的碳化硅微粉、5wt%的炭黑、8wt%的石墨粉、5wt%的酚醛树脂、5wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.02wt%为原料;
将60wt%的碳化硅微粉、5wt%的炭黑、8wt%的石墨粉和5wt%的酚醛树脂加入去离子水以碳化硅球为研磨介质在行星球磨机中混合,得到混合料;
b.将5wt%的玻璃纤维加入到混合料中,继续在行星球磨机中混合;
c.通过挤出机挤出成型,得到生坯、并对其进行干燥处理,干燥时间为12小时,干燥环境为100℃;
d.反应烧结炉抽真空后放入干燥后的生胚,反应烧结炉抽真空至真空度小于0Mpa;
e.在1550℃渗硅条件下保温3小时,之后再降温到1300℃保温2小时,冷却至室温后即得玻璃纤维转化的碳化硅纤维增强增韧的碳化硅陶瓷。
实施例2
玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a.按质量份计,以80wt%的碳化硅微粉、11wt%的炭黑、16wt%的石墨粉、15wt%的酚醛树脂、15wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.05wt%为原料;
将80wt%的碳化硅微粉、11wt%的炭黑、16wt%的石墨粉和15wt%的酚醛树脂加入去离子水以碳化硅球为研磨介质在行星球磨机中混合,得到混合料;
b.将15wt%的玻璃纤维加入到混合料中,继续在行星球磨机中混合;
c.通过挤出机挤出成型,得到生坯、并对其进行干燥处理,干燥时间为36小时,干燥环境为200℃;
d.反应烧结炉抽真空后放入干燥后的生胚,反应烧结炉抽真空至真空度小于0Mpa;
e.在1750℃渗硅条件下保温8小时,之后再降温到1450℃保温5小时,冷却至室温后即得玻璃纤维转化的碳化硅纤维增强增韧的碳化硅陶瓷。
实施例3
玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a.按质量份计,以70wt%的碳化硅微粉、8wt%的炭黑、12wt%的石墨粉、10wt%的酚醛树脂、10wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.035wt%为原料;
将70wt%的碳化硅微粉、8wt%的炭黑、12wt%的石墨粉和10wt%的酚醛树脂加入去离子水以碳化硅球为研磨介质在行星球磨机中混合,得到混合料;
b.将10wt%的玻璃纤维加入到混合料中,继续在行星球磨机中混合;
c.通过挤出机挤出成型,得到生坯、并对其进行干燥处理,干燥时间为24小时,干燥环境为150℃;
d.反应烧结炉抽真空后放入干燥后的生胚,反应烧结炉抽真空至真空度小于0Mpa;
e.在1650℃渗硅条件下保温5.5小时,之后再降温到1375℃保温3.5小时,冷却至室温后即得玻璃纤维转化的碳化硅纤维增强增韧的碳化硅陶瓷。
实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (4)
1.玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a.按质量份计,以60~80wt%的碳化硅微粉、5~11wt%的炭黑、8~16wt%的石墨粉、5~15wt%的酚醛树脂、5~15wt%的玻璃纤维和硝酸钴0.02-0.05wt%为原料;
将60~80wt%的碳化硅微粉、5~11wt%的炭黑、8~16wt%的石墨粉和5~15wt%的酚醛树脂加入去离子水以碳化硅球为研磨介质在行星球磨机中混合,得到混合料;
b.将5~15wt%的玻璃纤维加入到混合料中,继续在行星球磨机中混合;
c.通过挤出机挤出成型,得到生坯、并对其进行干燥处理;
d.反应烧结炉抽真空后放入干燥后的生胚;
e.在1550~1750℃渗硅条件下保温3~8小时,之后再降温到1300-1450℃保温2-5小时,冷却至室温后即得玻璃纤维转化的碳化硅纤维增强增韧的碳化硅陶瓷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述c步骤中的干燥时间为12~36小时。
3.根据权利要求2所述的玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述c步骤中的干燥环境为100~200℃。
4.根据权利要求3所述的玻璃纤维催化转化碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述d步骤中的反应烧结炉抽真空至真空度小于0Mpa。
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