CN114158457A - Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114158457A
CN114158457A CN202111431853.7A CN202111431853A CN114158457A CN 114158457 A CN114158457 A CN 114158457A CN 202111431853 A CN202111431853 A CN 202111431853A CN 114158457 A CN114158457 A CN 114158457A
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Prior art keywords
parts
soil
volume
bacterial
bacteria
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CN202111431853.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈建
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Photosynthetic Biotechnology Shenzhen Co ltd
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Photosynthetic Biotechnology Shenzhen Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a gardening formula soil with a bacteria room and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gardening formula soil comprises the following components in parts by volume: 1-3 parts of a bacterial house and 3-5 parts of a soil matrix; each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 0.5-1.5 parts of crude coconut chaff, 0.5-1.5 parts of vesuvianite and 0.001-0.08 parts of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of (3-5) to (1-2); according to the invention, through specific limitation on each component, the horticultural formula soil has excellent air permeability and water retention advantages, beneficial bacteria can be effectively preserved, invasion of harmful bacteria can be resisted, plant diseases can be further reduced, the life cycle can be prolonged, and meanwhile, required nutrient elements are provided for plants, so that the growth and development of the plants are facilitated.

Description

Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting soil, in particular to horticultural formula soil with a bacterial house and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, coconut chaff and peat soil are increasingly adopted as main formulas for commodity flower seedlings, particularly, after an e-commerce is started, the proportion of garden soil and other traditional planting matrixes is less and less, the main reason is that 1, the coconut chaff and peat soil are relatively light in weight and low in transportation cost and meet the trend requirement of the e-commerce, and 2, the medium is loose and breathable and is beneficial to the rapid growth of plant roots, so that the cultivation period is shortened (about two thirds is shortened), the turnover rate is increased, and the cost is reduced.
However, the formula soil with coconut coir and peat soil as main materials also has important defects, for example, bacteria and fungi are propagated in the medium faster, and particularly, the water-retaining property is very good, so that the anaerobic harmful bacteria are more favorably propagated in a large quantity in a short time, and the root rot and the death rate are far higher than those of the traditional garden soil.
In order to solve the problems, the growers are planted in the greenhouse, have relatively independent spaces and are easy to control, and meanwhile, the growers have perfect bactericide, pesticide and fertilizer management experiences, so that once harmful bacteria appear, the harmful bacteria are easy to control, but ordinary household users cannot create an ideal environment and have no solution of related experiences, so that the harmful bacteria and fungi in the soil are out of control in one or two months, the commercial flower seedlings purchased by the ordinary household users usually have a life cycle of only one or two months, and the half-year survival rate of the commercial flower seedlings only using coconut chaff and peat soil as planting substrates is less than one third of that of the original soil mixing method in the last century.
Meanwhile, the repeated collapse of a planting matrix thallus balance system is caused by the large amount of bactericide used in greenhouse planting, and the original mechanism of mutual control and balance of beneficial bacteria, neutral bacteria and harmful bacteria is likely to cause that the newly-grown dominant flora is difficult to predict whether beneficial, harmful or neutral after the bactericide fails, so that the fate of plants faces more uncertainty. Especially in the hot and humid season of summer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide horticultural formula soil with a bacterial house and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the invention provides a horticultural formula soil with a bacterial house, which comprises the following components in parts by volume:
1-3 parts of a bacterial house and 3-5 parts of a soil matrix;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
0.5-1.5 parts of crude coconut chaff, 0.5-1.5 parts of vesuvianite and 0.001-0.08 parts of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of (3-5) to (1-2).
Preferably, each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
1 part of coarse coconut chaff, 1 part of vesuvianite and 0.05 part of beneficial bacteria.
Preferably, each part of the soil matrix comprises the following components in parts by volume:
1-3 parts of peat soil and 1-3 parts of fine coconut husk.
Preferably, the horticultural formula soil further comprises: 2-5 parts of a soil conditioner.
Preferably, each part of the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by volume:
0-2 parts of expanded vermiculite, 0-2 parts of expanded perlite, 0-2 parts of decomposed sheep manure and 0-2 parts of river sand, wherein at least one of the components is not 0 part.
The invention provides a preparation method of the horticultural formula soil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a bacterial room:
mixing the crude coconut chaff and the vesuvianite, and then soaking to obtain a mixture;
adding water, sugar and mineral potassium fulvate into the beneficial bacteria, and storing for 5-30 min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding the mixed solution into the mixture for field planting to obtain a bacterial house;
(b) and uniformly mixing the bacterial house and the soil matrix according to the proportion to obtain the gardening formula soil.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises: and uniformly mixing peat soil and fine coconut coir to prepare the soil matrix.
Preferably, the step (b) further comprises adding the soil conditioner after the bacteria room and the soil matrix are mixed uniformly according to the proportion and mixing uniformly.
Preferably, the soaking time is not less than 30 min; the planting time is 3-10 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the horticultural formula soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the bacteria room is added into the soil matrix, beneficial bacteria can be effectively preserved, the survival rate of the beneficial bacteria is greatly improved and the activity duration is greatly prolonged compared with the formula soil without the bacteria room in natural and equivalent environments.
The existence of the bacterial house can keep the long-term activity of beneficial bacteria and can effectively inhibit the breeding of harmful bacteria, thereby greatly reducing the probability of plant diseases, rotten roots and death.
According to the invention, through specific limitation on each component, the horticultural formula soil has excellent air permeability and water retention advantages, provides required nutrient elements for plants, is beneficial to the growth and development of the plants, reduces the weight of the soil, and is beneficial to the carrying and express transportation of potted plants.
Because the added bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycete and gliocladium virens are beneficial or neutral to human, animals and environment (exist in the digestive systems of human and animals in large quantity), the bacillus, the trichoderma, the actinomycete and the gliocladium virens can not bring toxic or side effect to human, animals and environment, are beneficial to plant growth, and can make the soil matrix of family green plants which are in close contact with human be safer and more environment-friendly.
The use amount of bactericides, pesticides and fertilizers is reduced, the pollution is reduced, and the activity of soil is maintained due to the reduction of harmful bacteria and the reduction of the plant disease rate.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Example 1
The embodiment is a gardening formula soil with a bacteria room, which comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of a bacterial house and 4 parts of a soil matrix;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
1 part of coarse coconut chaff, 1 part of vesuvianite and 0.05 part of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of 4: 1;
each part of soil matrix comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of peat soil and 2 parts of fine coconut chaff.
Example 2
The embodiment is a gardening formula soil with a bacteria room, which comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of a bacterial house, 4 parts of a soil matrix and 3 parts of a soil conditioner;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
1 part of coarse coconut chaff, 1 part of vesuvianite and 0.05 part of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of 4: 1;
each part of soil matrix comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of peat soil and 2 parts of fine coconut chaff;
each part of soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by volume:
1 part of expanded vermiculite, 1 part of expanded perlite and 2 parts of peat soil.
Example 3
The embodiment is a gardening formula soil with a bacteria room, which comprises the following components in parts by volume:
1 part of bacterial house, 5 parts of soil matrix and 2 parts of soil conditioner;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
0.5 part of coarse coconut chaff, 1.5 parts of vesuvianite and 0.001 part of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of 5: 3: 1: 2;
each part of soil matrix comprises the following components in parts by volume:
3 parts of peat soil and 1 part of fine coconut husk;
the soil conditioner is expanded perlite.
Example 4
The embodiment is a gardening formula soil with a bacteria room, which comprises the following components in parts by volume:
3 parts of a bacteria house, 3 parts of a soil matrix and 5 parts of a soil conditioner;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
1.5 parts of crude coconut chaff, 0.5 part of vesuvianite and 0.08 part of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of 3: 5: 2: 1;
each part of soil matrix comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of peat soil and 3 parts of fine coconut chaff;
each part of soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by volume:
2 parts of expanded vermiculite and 1 part of river sand.
Example 5
The embodiment is a preparation method of the horticultural formula soil of embodiments 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing a bacterial room:
mixing the coarse coconut coir and the vesuvianite, and soaking for 120min to obtain a mixture;
adding water, sugar and mineral potassium fulvate into beneficial bacteria, and storing for 20min to obtain mixed solution;
adding the mixed solution into the mixture for field planting for 8 hours to obtain a bacterial house;
mixing peat soil and fine coconut chaff uniformly to prepare soil matrix
(b) And (3) uniformly mixing the bacteria house and the soil matrix according to a proportion, and if a soil conditioner exists, adding the soil conditioner and uniformly mixing to obtain the gardening formula soil.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a horticultural formula soil which is substantially the same as the formula soil of example 1 except that the bacterial house is replaced with the same amount of soil substrate.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is a horticultural formula soil, which has the same components as the formula soil of example 1;
the preparation method of the gardening formula soil comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing the coarse coconut coir and the vesuvianite, and soaking for 120min to obtain a mixture;
mixing peat soil and fine coconut coir uniformly to prepare a soil matrix;
adding water, sugar and mineral potassium fulvate into beneficial bacteria, and storing for 20min to obtain mixed solution;
(b) and uniformly mixing the mixture, the soil matrix and the soil conditioner according to a ratio, adding the mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the gardening formula soil.
Examples of the experiments
Horticultural formula soils of examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were prepared according to the method of example 5, respectively, and the horticultural formula soil of comparative example 2 was prepared according to the method of comparative example 2;
then, the common green jonquil of family is selected, and 20 plants are planted in each garden formula soil. The traditional flowerpot with a hole at the bottom is selected for planting, the traditional method is used for earthing the planting, and the clean water is used for irrigating the root fixing water after the planting.
Placing the plants in a semi-yin environment after planting, wherein the later management is the same, the specific management mode is that the plants are watered once a day, no fertilizer, no bactericide, no pesticide and other medicines are needed for 100 days, and beneficial bacteria are not supplemented for 100 days; after planting for 100 days, counting the survival number of the green plants planted in each garden formula soil, wherein the counting result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003380424030000061
Figure BDA0003380424030000071
As can be seen from Table 1:
the survival rate of plants using the formula soil added with the bacterial house is improved by more than 50 percent compared with the plant survival rate using the formula soil not added with the bacterial house, the probability of plant diseases and root rot is reduced, and the dependence degree of family green plants on chemical fertilizers and pesticides is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a take horticulture prescription soil in bacterium room which characterized in that, includes the following components of volume portion:
1-3 parts of a bacterial house and 3-5 parts of a soil matrix;
each part of the bacterial house is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume:
0.5-1.5 parts of crude coconut chaff, 0.5-1.5 parts of vesuvianite and 0.001-0.08 parts of beneficial bacteria, wherein each part of beneficial bacteria comprises bacillus, trichoderma, actinomycetes and gliocladium roseum in a volume ratio of (3-5) to (1-2).
2. A horticultural formulation in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that each serving of the bacterial house is made from ingredients comprising, by volume:
1 part of coarse coconut chaff, 1 part of vesuvianite and 0.05 part of beneficial bacteria.
3. A horticultural formulation in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that each portion of the soil matrix comprises the following parts by volume components:
1-3 parts of peat soil and 1-3 parts of fine coconut husk.
4. A horticultural formulation in accordance with claim 1, further comprising: 2-5 parts of a soil conditioner.
5. A horticultural formula soil according to claim 4, characterised in that each portion of the soil amendment comprises the following components in parts by volume:
0-2 parts of expanded vermiculite, 0-2 parts of expanded perlite, 0-2 parts of decomposed sheep manure and 0-2 parts of river sand, wherein at least one of the components is not 0 part.
6. A method of preparing a horticultural formula in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it includes the steps of:
(a) preparing a bacterial room:
mixing the crude coconut chaff and the vesuvianite, and then soaking to obtain a mixture;
adding water, sugar and mineral potassium fulvate into the beneficial bacteria, and storing for 5-30 min to obtain a mixed solution;
adding the mixed solution into the mixture for field planting to obtain a bacterial house;
(b) and uniformly mixing the bacterial house and the soil matrix according to the proportion to obtain the gardening formula soil.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, further comprising: and uniformly mixing peat soil and fine coconut coir to prepare the soil matrix.
8. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein the step (b) further comprises adding a soil conditioner after the bacteria room and the soil matrix are mixed uniformly according to the proportion and mixing uniformly.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the soaking time is not less than 30 min; the planting time is 3-10 h.
CN202111431853.7A 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof Pending CN114158457A (en)

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Application publication date: 20220311