CN114009259A - Method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009259A CN114009259A CN202111027697.8A CN202111027697A CN114009259A CN 114009259 A CN114009259 A CN 114009259A CN 202111027697 A CN202111027697 A CN 202111027697A CN 114009259 A CN114009259 A CN 114009259A
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- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000592344 Spermatophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical group [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011302 Brassica oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017647 Brassica oleracea var italica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000011303 Brassica alboglabra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000589649 Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004221 Brassica oleracea var gemmifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012905 Brassica oleracea var viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000178937 Brassica oleracea var. capitata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000308368 Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001249699 Capitata Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001234610 Rapistrum rugosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001478887 unidentified soil bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage, which comprises the following steps: step one, soil treatment before sowing: removing plant residues in the soil, and scattering a bactericide; step two, prevention and control during sowing: the cabbage vegetable seeds are mixed with 75 percent chlorothalonil and then sowed; step three, prevention and control after sowing: 1) ventilating regularly every day and controlling the humidity in the shed to make the relative humidity in the shed lower than 70%; 2) if the weather is continuously overcast and rainy for more than 3 days, carrying out primary smoke prevention and control; step four, treatment at the initial stage of disease attack: regularly patrolling the cabbage vegetables in the shed, if the black rot infected seed plants are found, pulling out the black rot infected seed plants, scattering quick lime at the soil positions where the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, and performing smoke prevention or under-film can prevention for the seed plants in the shed every 5-7 days for 2-3 times continuously. The prevention and control method can effectively prevent and control the black rot of the cabbage vegetable seeds in the seedling stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable disease control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling black rot of cabbage vegetables in a seedling stage.
Background
The vegetables belonging to Brassicaceae family include Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata, Brassica oleracea, Brussels sprouts, Brassica oleracea, cauliflower, broccoli (broccoli), etc. They are eaten in the form of leaves, leaf balls, shortened bulbs, flower shoots, lateral buds or flower buds. Cabbage vegetables are widely cultivated all over the world, and the cultivation area of the common head cabbage is the largest. Although the cultivation area of cabbage vegetables in China is large, some cabbage vegetables such as broccoli and the like are seriously dependent on foreign imported varieties, so that the breeding strength of domestic breeding units on the cabbage vegetables is increased, the management level of strains in the breeding process is continuously improved, and the breeding of excellent varieties is accelerated.
Cabbage black rot (cabbage black rot) is one of the worldwide important diseases caused by Xanthomonas Campestris wild rape pathogenic variety (Xanthomonas Campestris pv. Campestris). The cabbage black rot disease can be developed in seedling stage and adult stage, the leaf is damaged by the development in adult stage, pathogenic bacteria invade from water pores to cause leaf edge development, the leaf edge is in a V-shaped disease spot, an unshaped spot can be formed at any part of the leaf by invasion from a wound, the disease spot is light brown, a yellow halo is frequently formed at the edge, necrosis and blackening of the vein of a diseased part are realized, the disease spot expands to two sides or the inside to cause yellowing or withering of peripheral mesophyll, the pathogenic bacteria can develop along the vein and a leaf stalk and spread to the neck and the root to cause blackening and rotting of vascular bundles of the neck and the root, the cabbage vegetable black rot disease is a main disease in variety breeding, but a breeder reports few to the cabbage vegetable black rot disease in seedling stage, mainly takes chemical control as a main measure, agricultural control measures are simply and roughly put out, and systematic control cannot be carried out, so the cabbage vegetable black rot disease is provided with a simple and effective effect for the seedling stage black rot disease prevention of cabbage vegetable plants, chemical pesticides are essential in a very few ways.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage, aiming at the problems that chemical prevention and treatment are mainly performed on the black rot of the cabbage vegetables in seedling stage, agricultural prevention and treatment measures are simple and extensive, and systematic prevention and treatment cannot be performed in the prior art.
A method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage comprises the following steps:
step one, soil treatment before sowing: removing plant residues in the soil, and scattering a bactericide;
step two, prevention and control during sowing: the cabbage vegetable seeds are mixed with 75 percent chlorothalonil and then sowed;
step three, prevention and control after sowing:
1) ventilating regularly every day and controlling the humidity in the shed to make the relative humidity in the shed lower than 70%;
2) if the weather is continuously overcast and rainy for more than 3 days, carrying out primary smoke prevention and control;
step four, treatment at the initial stage of disease attack:
and (3) inspecting every other period of the cabbage vegetables in the greenhouse, if the black rot infected seed plants are found, pulling out the black rot infected seed plants, scattering quick lime at the soil positions where the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, and performing smoke prevention or under-film pot dropping prevention on the seed plants in the greenhouse every 5-7 days for 2-3 times continuously.
Further, the first step also comprises soil improvement, after the bactericide is scattered for 4-5 days, the soil is deeply turned and then is scattered into a soil conditioner, and the soil conditioner is a soil loosening and heel promoting agent.
Further, in the first step, after the soil is improved, black mulching films are laid in the planting areas, and before the black mulching films are laid, drainage ditches are dug and 30% glyphosate 100-time liquid herbicide is sprayed.
Further, in the third and fourth steps, the smoke prevention and control or the under-film drip prevention and control agent is: 4000-5000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, or 700 times of 47% Carrinone wettable powder, or 77% wettable powder, or 500-800 times of 14% cuaminosulfate aqueous solution, and the preparation is used alternately in the prevention and treatment of the initial stage of disease.
And further, in the third step, after seedlings emerge, the cabbage vegetable seeds enter a seedling stage and a nodulation stage, watering is carried out once every 6-8 days in the seedling stage and the nodulation stage, fertilizer application is carried out in a mode of dropping a can under a film, the fertilizer is organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer is phosphorus potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer.
Furthermore, in the third step, diseased, weak, residual and dense seed plants are pulled out after seedlings of the cabbage vegetable seeds are emerged, so that the plant spacing is not less than 40cm, and the row spacing is not less than 80 cm.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, after the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, the infected seed plants are timely brought out of the shed to be burnt out, and the interior of the shed is kept clean.
Furthermore, in the third step, after seedling emergence, the cabbage vegetable seed plants in the greenhouse are patrolled every two days.
Has the advantages that:
1) the prevention and control method disclosed by the invention can be used for performing systematic and comprehensive prevention and control management on the soil prevention and control, sowing and seedling stage management before sowing of the cabbage vegetables, can be used for effectively preventing and controlling the black rot of the cabbage vegetable seeds in the seedling stage, can be used for controlling the incidence of the black rot of the seeds in a greenhouse to be below 1%, can be used for effectively improving the breeding quality of cabbage vegetable breeding workers and accelerating the breeding progress. The morbidity in the seedling stage is low, and the yield of the vegetables such as the kales can be effectively improved.
2) The plant residues and soil bacteria are the main reasons for black rot, and the method removes the plant residues in the soil and sprays the bactericide before sowing, thereby reducing the occurrence of black rot from the source.
3) The soil conditioner, namely the soil loosening and heel promoting agent, can improve the soil structure, increase the soil permeability and prevent the occurrence of black rot of the planted cabbage vegetable.
4) The black rot is greatly influenced by humidity, the relative humidity is higher than 70%, and the black rot can rapidly spread under the condition of having a disease source, so that the humidity control is an effective measure for blocking the spread of the black rot.
The relative humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be below 70%, and the greenhouse is ventilated at regular time, so that the spread of black rot can be effectively blocked in time when the appearance of the black rot cannot be detected in time; when the weather exceeds 3 days, the relative humidity can be greatly increased, and the occurrence of black rot can be effectively prevented by performing smoke control at the moment.
6) The drainage ditch is arranged to prevent black rot caused by the fact that the soil of the root of the cabbage vegetable plant is sticky and heavy due to water accumulation at the root.
7) Watering once every 6-8 days in the seedling stage and the nodulation stage, and applying fertilizer in a mode of dripping a can under a film, wherein the fertilizer is organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer is phosphorus potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer, so that the disease resistance of the plants can be improved. After the cabbage vegetable seeds are sowed, the plant spacing is not less than 40cm, and the row spacing is not less than 80 cm. The density of the plants is reduced, ventilation is facilitated, and black rot is reduced.
8) The cabbage vegetable seeds are sowed after being mixed with 75 percent chlorothalonil, so that black rot caused by the bacteria carried in the seeds is prevented.
9) The initial treatment of the invention can effectively prevent the spread of black rot. After the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, the black rot infected seed plants are timely brought outside the shed to be burnt out, so that the black rot infected seed plants are prevented from infecting other seed plants.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1, a cabbage vegetable planting greenhouse 1 was selected and operated as follows
Step one, soil treatment before sowing:
1) removing plant residues in the soil, and scattering a bactericide;
2) soil improvement: after the bactericide is scattered for 4 days, soil is deeply turned over and then is scattered into a soil conditioner, and the soil conditioner is a soil loosening and heel promoting agent.
3) After soil improvement, black mulching films are laid in a planting area, a drainage ditch is dug and 30% glyphosate 100-time liquid herbicide is sprayed before the black mulching films are laid.
Step two, prevention and control during sowing: the cabbage vegetable seeds are mixed with 75 percent chlorothalonil and then sowed;
step three, prevention and control after sowing:
1) ventilating and controlling the humidity in the shed at 4 pm every day to make the relative humidity in the shed lower than 70%;
2) after the cabbage vegetables are sowed and grown out, the seedlings and the nodulation stages are started, watering is carried out once every 7 days in the seedlings and the nodulation stages, fertilizer application is carried out in a mode of dripping a tank under a film, the fertilizer is organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer is phosphorus potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer.
3) After seedlings of the cabbage vegetable seeds emerge, diseased, weak, residual and dense seed plants are pulled out, so that the plant spacing is 40cm, and the row spacing is 80 cm.
4) If the weather is continuously overcast and rainy for more than 3 days, carrying out primary smoke prevention and control;
step four, treatment at the initial stage of disease attack: inspecting the cabbage vegetable seed plants in the greenhouse every two days after seedling emergence, if the black rot infected seed plants are found, pulling out the black rot infected seed plants, timely carrying out burning outside the greenhouse, keeping the interior of the greenhouse clean, scattering quicklime at the soil position where the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, performing smoke prevention and control or prevention and control of dropping of the pot under the film for 2 times every 6 days on the seed plants in the greenhouse. The smoke prevention and control or the under-film dropping can prevention and control comprises the following medicaments: 4000-5000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, or 700 times of 47% Carrinone wettable powder, or 77% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, or 500-800 times of 14% cuaminosulfate aqueous solution, and the preparation is alternately used in the prevention and treatment of the initial disease stage.
Example 2, selecting cabbage vegetables to plant in the greenhouse 2, in the first step, no bactericide is scattered in soil before sowing, no soil improvement is performed, the relative humidity in the greenhouse is not controlled, and in the third step, if the weather exceeds 3 days, no smoke control is performed; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3, selecting cabbage vegetables to plant in the greenhouse 3, wherein in the first step, no bactericide is scattered in the soil treatment process, and the rest of the operation is the same as that in example 1.
Example 4, selecting cabbage vegetables to plant in the greenhouse 4, wherein in the first step, soil improvement operation is not performed in the soil treatment process, and the rest steps are the same as in example 1.
Example 5, cabbage vegetables are selected to be planted in the greenhouse 5, in the third step, after sowing, the relative humidity in the greenhouse is not controlled, and if the continuous rainy days exceed 3 days, smoke prevention and control are not carried out, and the rest of the operation is the same as that in example 1.
Example 6, cabbage vegetable planting greenhouse 6 is selected, diseased, weak, residual and dense seeds are pulled out after seedlings of the cabbage vegetable seeds emerge, the plant spacing is 30cm, the row spacing is 50cm, and the rest of the operations are the same as those in example 1.
Example 7, selecting cabbage vegetables to plant in the greenhouse 7, wherein in the first step, no bactericide is scattered in the soil treatment process; in the treatment process of the initial stage of disease attack: inspecting the cabbage vegetable seed plants in the greenhouse every two days after seedling emergence, if the black rot infected seed plants are found, pulling out the black rot infected seed plants, timely carrying out burning outside the greenhouse, and scattering stone ash at the soil position where the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, but not performing smoke control or can dropping control under a film. The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Aiming at the 7 greenhouses, 20 points are randomly selected in the greenhouses after seedling emergence, 10 cabbages are surveyed at each point, the plant in the greenhouses is patrolled every two days after seedling emergence, the time of black rot occurrence for the first time is recorded, after the black rot infected plant is found, the black rot infected plant is pulled out, quicklime is scattered at the soil position where the black rot infected plant is pulled out, and except the greenhouses 7, the other greenhouses can be subjected to smog control or under-film can dropping control operation in the fourth step. Incidence of black rot was counted thirty days after emergence:
incidence rate-number of species found black rot infection on the first to thirty days of emergence/total number of plants investigated (200) the results are shown in the following table:
results statistics table
The results show that the incidence rate of the method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage is obviously reduced, and the incidence rate is lower than 1% when black rot plants are found for the first time compared with example 2 in example 1.
In comparison with examples 2 to 4, the incidence of black rot is the highest in comparison with other examples without soil treatment before sowing, and the use of a bactericide in soil treatment can effectively reduce the occurrence of black rot.
Example 5 compares with example 1, does not control the relative humidity in the canopy, does not carry on the smog to prevent and cure over 3 days in a rainy day continuously, will increase the incidence of the black rot, and then prove, control the smog to prevent and cure when relative humidity and air humidity are too high can reduce the incidence of the black rot effectively, and delay the black rot and appear the time.
Example 6 in comparison to example 1, too low a plant density also increases the incidence of black rot.
Compared with example 3, in example 7, the treatment process at the initial stage of the disease onset of example 7 does not carry out smoke control and drip can control under the film, and the disease onset of black rot is obviously increased.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, soil treatment before sowing: removing plant residues in the soil, and scattering a bactericide;
step two, prevention and control during sowing: the cabbage vegetable seeds are mixed with 75 percent chlorothalonil and then sowed;
step three, prevention and control after sowing:
1) ventilating regularly every day and controlling the humidity in the shed to make the relative humidity in the shed lower than 70%;
2) if the weather is continuously overcast and rainy for more than 3 days, carrying out primary smoke prevention and control;
step four, treatment at the initial stage of disease attack:
regularly patrolling the cabbage vegetable seed plants in the greenhouse after emergence of seedlings, pulling out the black rot infected seed plants if the black rot infected seed plants are found, scattering quicklime at the soil positions where the black rot infected seed plants are pulled out, performing smoke prevention or can dropping prevention under a film for 2-3 times every 5-7 days on the seed plants in the greenhouse.
2. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the first step further comprises soil improvement, soil is deeply turned over and then is sprinkled with a soil conditioner after the bactericide is sprinkled for 4-5 days, and the soil conditioner is a soil loosening and heel promoting agent.
3. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, after soil improvement, black mulching films are laid on planting areas, and before the black mulching films are laid, drainage ditches are dug and 30% glyphosate 100-fold liquid herbicide is sprayed.
4. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage according to claim 1, wherein in the third and fourth steps, the agents for preventing and treating smoke or preventing and treating under-film drip can are as follows: 4000-5000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, or 700 times of 47% Carrinone wettable powder, or 77% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder, or 500-800 times of 14% cuaminosulfate aqueous solution, and the preparation is alternately used in the prevention and treatment of the initial disease stage.
5. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, after seedlings emerge, the seedlings and the nodulation period are started, watering is performed once every 6-8 days in the seedlings and the nodulation period, and fertilizer application is performed in a manner of dropping a can under a film, wherein the fertilizer is organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer is phosphorus potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer.
6. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, diseased, weak, residual and dense seedlings are pulled out after seedlings emerge, so that the row spacing is not less than 40cm, and the row spacing is not less than 80 cm.
7. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the fourth step, after the black rot infected plant is pulled out, the plant is timely brought out of the shed and burnt out, and the inside of the shed is kept clean.
8. The method for preventing and treating black rot of cabbage vegetables in seedling stage according to claim 1, wherein in step four, the cabbage vegetable seed plants in the greenhouse are patrolled every two days after seedling emergence.
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| CN110506598A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-29 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | A kind of Synthetical prevention method of black root of tobacco |
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2021
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Application publication date: 20220208 |