CN112314377A - Cultivation method suitable for improving quality and increasing efficiency of mechanical cotton picking - Google Patents
Cultivation method suitable for improving quality and increasing efficiency of mechanical cotton picking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cotton crop cultivation technology, in particular to a cultivation method which is suitable for machine-harvested cotton and can improve quality and improve efficiency. A cultivation method suitable for improving quality and efficiency of machine-harvested cotton mainly comprises the following key processes: planting mode; a pipe arrangement mode; a soil sealing and film pressing mode; spreading a film; drip irrigation; a fertilizing mode; controlling the top of the plant and pruning; controlling plant diseases and insect pests; removing leaves; and (6) recovering the mulching film. Compared with the prior art, the cultivation method provided by the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art, improves the sowing quality of the mechanically harvested cotton, increases the resistance of cotton seedlings, cleans the field and the soil, reduces the pollution of the soil, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and mulching films of the cotton field, reduces the mechanically harvested impurities, simplifies the planting process of the mechanically harvested cotton, optimizes the cultivation method and achieves the purpose of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of the mechanically harvested cotton.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cotton crop cultivation technology, in particular to a cultivation method which is suitable for machine-harvested cotton and can improve quality and improve efficiency.
Background
Cotton is an important economic crop and an important strategic material in China, and plays an important role in national economy and national safety in China. Xinjiang is an important high-quality cotton production base in China, the planting area and the yield of Xinjiang cotton are over 50% of the whole country since 2015, and the total yield, the single yield and the adjusted yield of cotton are at the top of the whole country.
Since 2011, Xinjiang cotton is mechanically harvested in large area, at present, mechanical harvesting is carried out on more than half of the area, especially mechanical harvesting of military groups accounts for 66.3% of the total area harvested in Xinjiang, and mechanical harvesting of 100% is carried out in most fields.
The conventional configuration mode of mechanical cotton picking is 66+10cm wide and narrow rows and 9.5cm plant spacing, the density is high, the number of leaves in the later period is large, the leaves fall off slowly, and the impurities are high during picking. Because the spring in Xinjiang area is often cold in late spring, the weather is unstable in 4 months, and the wind and heavy rain are strong, the mode has thick soil sealing and seed row covering, and the problems of soil hardening, mulching film floating, small film lighting surface, slow temperature raising, difficult seedling emergence and the like are often caused. If the placing position of the dropper is unreasonable during sowing, the distance is short between 2 seed lines, the seeder is easy to prick the rotten pipe, the distance is long on one side of the 2 seed lines, water and fertilizer are wasted, and the dropper is easy to blow and shift. The common mulching film is used during mulching, the breakage is more during harvesting, the recovery rate is limited, the irrigation and fertilization modes are diversified, the irrigation and fertilization time is random and different at intervals, the irrigation and fertilization effect is influenced, and the water and fertilizer utilization rate is low. Too much pesticide is sprayed during pest prevention and control, which often causes phytotoxicity and premature plant aging, and pollutes soil and environment. The plastic property of the top is beaten manually, which increases the labor intensity, increases the labor cost and reduces the working efficiency. The defoliant is required to be sprayed before mechanical picking, the defoliant is usually sprayed by a locomotive for a long time, cotton plants are difficult to roll, manual ground leveling, extension vehicle routes and the like are required before the locomotive enters the ground, so that the labor intensity is increased, a series of problems such as impurity improvement, yield loss and the like are caused, the cotton planting cost is high, the pollution to soil and fields is serious, the labor intensity of part of management links is still high, the number of seedlings to be protected is low, the management process is complicated, the impurity harvesting is high, the mulching film pollution is serious, the residual film recovery is limited and the like are caused. Therefore, a novel mechanical cotton harvesting cultivation technology needs to be innovated in production, and an optimized cultivation method which is 'clean, simple and excellent', simple and convenient in method, capable of improving quality and efficiency is urgently needed to reduce or eliminate the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method capable of improving quality and efficiency aiming at Xinjiang mechanical cotton picking, which solves the defects in the prior art, improves the sowing quality of mechanical cotton picking, increases the resistance of cotton seedlings, cleans the field and the soil, reduces the pollution of the soil, chemical fertilizer, pesticide and mulching film of the cotton field, reduces mechanical cotton picking impurities, simplifies the planting process of mechanical cotton picking, and optimizes the cultivation method so as to achieve the purpose of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of mechanical cotton picking.
The invention discloses a cultivation method suitable for improving the quality and the efficiency of machine-harvested cotton, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following key processes:
(1) planting mode: one film with 3 rows, one hole with two plants, the arrangement of row spacing of 76cm and the like, and the hole spacing of 9.5cm, wherein the film width is 2.05m, 3 rows of seeds are sowed, the average row spacing of the seed rows is 76cm, the hole spacing of cotton is 9.5cm, 2-3 seeds are dibbled in each hole in a precise quantity, and 2 plants emerge from each hole;
(2) the pipe distribution mode is as follows: laying pipes under a film, wherein the number of the pipes corresponds to that of 3 rows of seeds of the film, one pipe is arranged in one row under the film, a drip irrigation pipe is arranged at the inner side of each row of seeds under the film and attached to the ground, each drip irrigation pipe is 5cm away from a seed hole, the right side of each drip irrigation pipe faces upwards, and a dripper faces to the seeds;
(3) sealing soil and pressing film: side sealing soil is adopted to combine with positive sealing soil, 3 rows of seeds are arranged on a film, one row of soil is sealed on the outer side of each row of seeds on the film in a sticking mode when the seeds are sowed, the distance between the soil and a seed hole is 6cm, and the soil is just pressed outside a dropper, namely the side sealing soil is adopted; after seedlings emerge and develop, positively sealing soil for 1 time by using a locomotive for the seed rows;
(4) film laying: sowing and laying a plurality of layers of composite mulching films with strong toughness and ageing resistance, wherein the thickness of the mulching films is 0.008-0.01mm, and the width of the mulching films is 2.05 m;
(5) and (3) drip irrigation: drip irrigation is carried out alternatively and automatically in the whole day and night, irrigation is carried out in the daytime after early sowing and before flowering, and irrigation is carried out in the morning and at night after flowering in the middle and later periods;
(6) a fertilizing mode: only applying additional fertilizer, no base fertilizer and no leaf fertilizer with the water formula, and applying different fertilizers according to the conventional proportion and sequence;
(7) controlling the top of the plant and pruning: spraying a top control plasticizer at one time, specifically 30-40 g/mu of emetic excellent tower, and 3-6 g/mu of mepiquat chloride, and finishing top control and pruning at one time;
(8) and (3) pest control: adopting green prevention and control in the whole process as a main part, preventing diseases, pests and weeds in multiple modes, spraying pesticide by using an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage of the growth period, namely after sowing and before blooming, spraying pesticide by using a locomotive in the middle stage, namely after blooming and before full bloom, and spraying pesticide by using the unmanned aerial vehicle in the later stage of the growth period, namely after full bloom;
(9) removing leaves: spraying a defoliant for 2 times by using an unmanned aerial vehicle before cotton harvesting;
(10) and (3) recovering the mulching film: the method adopts a full-layer three-dimensional film collecting technology, namely after cotton is harvested, the ground surface of a locomotive is raked for 1 time, then the deep layer is raked for 1 time, or the ground surface deep layer combined mulching film reclaimer is raked for 1 time, the ground surface raking operation and the deep layer raking operation are simultaneously carried out by replacing advanced different raking machines, and the 2 times of operation can be completed for 1 time; picking up the mulching film on the artificial ground surface for 1 time, and recovering more than 90% of the mulching film on the ground surface and the deep mulching film; before sowing in the next year, raking the mulching film for 1 time in the shallow layer of the locomotive, picking up the mulching film for 1 time by the artificial ground surface, and recycling the mulching film for more than 98 percent.
Preferably, the key process further comprises chemical control:
performing first chemical control after cotton seedlings are developed and covered with soil to prevent high-pod seedlings, and spraying mepiquat chloride 0.5-1 g/mu according to variety characteristics and weather; the chemical control is carried out again in the 3-leaf stage of the cotton seedlings, and mepiquat chloride is sprayed for 0.5-4 g/mu; carrying out third chemical control according to the growth vigor of the cotton seedlings after the cotton seedlings bud, and spraying mepiquat chloride 4-6 g/mu; 8-10 g/mu of mepiquat chloride is sprayed before topping to inhibit the dominance of the topping, and 15-20 g/mu of mepiquat chloride can be sprayed 5-7 days after topping for chemical final control.
Preferably, the drip irrigation mode is specifically operated as follows:
drip irrigation is used in the whole process, seedling emergence water and water are irrigated in the bud period in the daytime, the water temperature is increased, the water is irrigated in the morning and at the night in the boll period, and the cooling effect is achieved; dripping water at the end of 5 months and at the beginning of 6 months after bud period, then reducing the water amount from less to more according to the water demand rule of cotton, increasing or decreasing by 10% each time, dripping water once every 6-7 days, and dripping water amount 25-40m each time3Per mu, total water drop of 320-350m3Per mu.
Preferably, the fertilization mode is specifically operated as follows:
no base fertilizer or leaf fertilizer is applied, only additional fertilizer is applied, and all the additional fertilizer is applied along with water drops; topdressing according to the ratio of N to P2O5∶K2O is 1: 0.5: 0.5, reducing the amount of the nitrogen fertilizer, and increasing or decreasing by 10% each time according to the fertilizer requirement rule of cotton, wherein the fertilizing sequence is as follows: firstly, applying a phosphorus potassium fertilizer and then applying a nitrogen fertilizer, firstly adding water and then feeding fertilizer, firstly stopping fertilizer and then stopping water, and applying fertilizer with water each time according to the principle of applying a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer in a combined manner; the total fertilizer amount of each mu in the whole growth period is 80-100 cmJin is converted into 20 kg/mu of pure nitrogen, P2O5: 13 kg/mu, K2O: 13 kg/mu, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer; the micro-fertilizer zinc fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times in the seedling stage, the flowering period is 1 time, each time is 300-350 g/mu, the boron fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the initial flowering stage, and the full-bloom period is 1 time, each time is 400 g/mu.
Preferably, the whole-course green prevention and control is mainly carried out, and the specific operations of preventing and controlling diseases, pests and weeds in various ways are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, timely blocking the ground head and the ground, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment, fully protecting natural enemies, hanging insect killing yellow cards, insect killing lamps, syrup bottles and willow stalks on the ground head, performing artificial weed pulling and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and spraying pesticide by an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage and the later stage of a growth period when the diseases and insects are serious, wherein the locomotive is used for spraying pesticide to prevent and control main diseases and insects of cotton in the growth period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the traditional mechanical cotton picking configuration mode is 1 film 6 rows, 66+10cm row spacing, 9.5cm plant spacing, single-seed precision sowing, and due to the weather influences of low temperature and raininess in spring, wind disasters and the like, the seedling emergence is slow, and the seedling protection rate is low. The method adopts 1 film with 3 rows, 76cm and other row spacing configuration, 9.5cm plant spacing, one hole with two plants, constant seeding amount, no increase in the cost of production data such as seeds, mulching films, drip irrigation belts and the like, constant planting density, 3 rows reduction, half of film holes reduction, wind resistance enhancement, film surface cleanliness enhancement, water evaporation reduction in films, water conservation, strong mutual competition growth potential of the two plants after emergence of seedlings, strong individual competition, large three-dimensional space distance, good ventilation and light transmission, large plant growth space, high light temperature utilization rate, good emergence rate, high single hole germination rate, strip breakage reduction, certain density guarantee, no need of seedling supplement and simplified seedling supplement program. The number of the seedling-protecting plants and the number of the harvested plants are high. The seeding machine does not need to be purchased additionally, only the hill planter needs to be adjusted, 1 half of the hill planter is reduced, the cost and the loss of seeding equipment are reduced, the weight of the seeding machine is reduced, the oil consumption is reduced, the seeding machine is simplified, the maintenance process of the seeding machine is simplified, and the seeding program is optimized.
The traditional pipe distribution mode adopts 6 lines of films, one pipe is arranged every 2 lines, 2 lines of seeds in the films are attached to the ground to be distributed with a drip irrigation pipe, the middle pipe distribution of the 2 lines of seeds or the side pipe distribution, each drip irrigation pipe is about 12cm away from the nearest seed line, the direction of the dripper of each drip irrigation pipe towards the seed line is different, 2 drip irrigation pipes are opposite to the seed line, and 1 drip irrigation pipe is opposite to the seed line, because each drip irrigation pipe is responsible for 2 lines of seeds, the seed line close to the drip irrigation pipe is about 12cm away from the drip irrigation pipe, the irrigation time is longer, the irrigation amount is larger, the fertilizer stays more, the seed line far away from the drip irrigation pipe is about 22cm away from the drip irrigation pipe, the irrigation time is shorter, the irrigation amount is slightly less, the fertilizer stays less, the two lines of seeds responsible for one drip irrigation pipe are not uniformly irrigated, the fertilizer stays non-uniformly, the large line on the other side of the drip irrigation pipe is, the water and fertilizer utilization ratio is low, often causes 2 little lines to be close to the one line of drip irrigation pipe and grows better one line far away, in addition, 2 drip irrigation pipe just to the cotton seedling of seed line compare 2 lines drip irrigation pipe back to the cotton seedling water and fertilizer of seed line a little more, grow better, 6 lines cotton seedling long nonconformity, the management difficulty also influences final output. The drip irrigation pipe is close to the seed row by about 5cm, the dripper faces to the seed row, the drip irrigation is not easy to prick and block, joints are reduced, the film surface is cleaned, the water and fertilizer are uniform, the water and fertilizer consumption in the whole growth process is reduced by 1/10, the growth potential is strong, the chemical fertilizer pollution and the soil and environment pollution are reduced, the soil is cleaned, and the pipe arrangement position is optimized.
In the traditional soil sealing mode, 6 rows of films are used for sealing soil positively, a small pile of soil is sealed every 2-3 m in large rows, the soil covering of the 6 rows of seeds is too thin, dry holes are easy to form after wind blowing, the water content in the holes is reduced, the water needed by seed swelling is not enough for seedling emergence, and in addition, if too many dry holes are not required for seedling emergence, the mulching film is easy to blow up by wind, and a dropper is easy to blow askew, so that the water dripping effect is influenced; generally, multiple earthing is adopted, but if the earthing is too thick, the earth jacking capacity of cotton seeds is weaker, the cotton seeds are slowly unearthed or even unearthed, if the cotton seeds meet rainwater, thick hardening is easily formed each time, hardening breaking links need to be increased for many times, the smooth area of the film surface is reduced after earthing in large rows, and the light and heat absorption is limited. The soil sealing of the side surfaces of the seed rows is combined with the soil sealing after 5cm of seedling emergence, hardening is not easy to form after the seeds meet rainwater, the links of breaking the hardening for many times are reduced, seedling emergence is fast, rain is prevented, a dropper is just pressed on one side after soil covering, the dropper is firm and not easy to shift, wind is prevented, water dripping is uniform, the number of covered soil on a plurality of films is reduced by half, no soil covering is performed between large rows, the degree of finish and the light transmittance of the film surface are greatly increased, the lighting surface is large, and the temperature. After the seedlings emerge, the locomotive again seals the seeds and the soil after the seedlings are developed, and the heat preservation and the soil moisture preservation are carried out. The links of breaking shells after rain and covering soil again after wind are simplified, and the soil sealing method is optimized.
The traditional mulching film is a common polyethylene mulching film with the thickness of 0.01mm, the strength is weak, the stretching force of the common traditional mulching film is 1.6N, the elongation at break is 260%, the tearing force is 0.8N, the stretching force after aging is 0.8N, the elongation at break after aging is 130%, the breakage in the harvest period is more, and the mulching film recovery is limited; the mulching film is covered and recovered by adopting a plurality of layers of composite high-performance high-strength mulching films, so that the strength of the mulching film is increased, the integrity of the mulching film is good, the damage of the mulching film is reduced, the breakage in the harvest period is less, the recovery rate of the mulching film is improved, the tensile force of a common high-strength mulching film is 4.6N, the elongation at break is 406%, the tearing force is 1.6N, the tensile force after aging is 4.7N, and the elongation at break after aging is 237%, so that the strength of the mulching film is increased, the mulching film pollution and the land pollution caused by low recovery rate of the broken mulching film are reduced, the soil and the farmland environment are cleaned.
The traditional irrigation mode comprises large water flood irrigation after harvest or before sowing, drip irrigation after emergence of seedlings, and irrigation in the daytime and at night, in the morning and at noon, the irrigation period is usually 8-10 days. Drip irrigation is carried out in a whole course by alternately dripping day and night, water is irrigated in the daytime in the early period, and water is irrigated in the morning and at night in the middle and later periods. The labor is reduced, the water temperature and the ground temperature are increased or decreased according to needs at different stages of cotton growth at proper time, the irrigation period is shortened, the water utilization rate is increased, the total water yield is reduced, the irrigation method is simplified, and the irrigation process is optimized.
The traditional fertilizing process comprises base fertilizer spreading before sowing, leaf fertilizer spraying in the seedling stage and post-emergence drip irrigation topdressing, wherein the water and fertilizer dissolving process is to dissolve the fertilizer in advance, mix all the fertilizers together and apply the fertilizers in the field, and the topdressing is applied by adopting a water-following formula, without base fertilizer and leaf fertilizer, only the topdressing is applied, and the base fertilizer and the leaf fertilizer are all applied by dripping with water according to a proportion in sequence. Different fertilizer types, fertilizer amounts and fertilization times are distributed according to needs, so that the fertilizer types and the fertilizer amounts are reduced, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved by over 5 percent, the fertilizer pollution is reduced, the soil is cleaned, the fertilizer application method is simplified, and the fertilizer application process is optimized.
The traditional cotton top control pruning is mainly manual top pruning, the manual plastic pruning is completed in 2 steps, the number of procedures is large, the manual work is difficult to find, the time is long, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the personnel safety problem is obvious. The top control plasticizer is sprayed on the locomotive, so that the top control and pruning can be completed at one time, the labor is relieved, the time is shortened, the cost is saved, the efficiency is improved, the times are reduced, the cotton field is cleaned, the top control and pruning program is simplified, and the top control and pruning method is optimized.
When the traditional pest control happens slightly in the early stage, manual piece counting is needed, pesticide spraying is carried out in the whole process of a locomotive seriously, particularly, pesticide spraying is carried out on the locomotive in the later stage to cause rolling and scratching of cotton, the re-infection probability of pests is increased, the repeated attack of the pests is easy to cause, and the pest control is not thorough. The whole-course green prevention and control is matched with the unmanned aerial vehicle to spray pesticide, when the early-stage pesticide spraying is relatively light, the green prevention and control can predict and control pests, the unmanned aerial vehicle sprays pesticide at the later stage, the rolling and scratching of cotton are reduced, the probability of secondary infection of the pests is reduced, the pests can be effectively prevented and controlled, the pesticide dosage in the field is reduced, the soil and the field environment are cleaned, the green prevention and control is realized, the pest mode process is simplified, and the pest prevention and control method is optimized.
The traditional spraying defoliant is implemented by a locomotive, and the labor is wasted, the labor intensity is high, a small amount of cotton is damaged, and the yield is reduced by 5-10% in the middle and later stages of cotton growth due to the fact that plants are sealed, the ground head needs to be leveled in advance, the roadside is leveled and the lines of the locomotive are divided, particularly in the middle and later stages. The defoliating agent is sprayed for 2 times by adopting an unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the spraying cost is reduced, the water quantity is saved, the labor and the labor intensity are saved, the cotton damage is reduced, the rolling loss is reduced by 5-10%, the impurities are reduced by 2%, the defoliating effect is good, and the cotton quality is optimized.
The traditional film collecting mode is that the film is hugged on the ground surface of a locomotive for 1 time after harvesting, the mulching film is picked up on the ground surface manually for 1 time after harvesting or before sowing, the film collecting rate on the ground surface can reach 95%, but the film collecting rate on the deep layer of a soil layer is almost zero. The method is characterized in that a full-layer three-dimensional film collecting technology is adopted, the ground surface of a locomotive after harvesting is raked for 1 time, then the film is raked for 1 time in a deep layer, or the ground surface deep layer combined mulching film reclaimer is raked for 1 time, the ground surface raking operation and the deep layer raking operation are simultaneously carried out by replacing advanced different raking machines, and the 2 times of operation can be completed for 1 time; the mulching film is picked up by the artificial ground surface for 1 time, the ground surface and the deep mulching film can be recovered by more than 90%, the mulching film is picked up by the shallow layer for 1 time before sowing, the mulching film is picked up by the artificial ground surface for 1 time, the mulching film can be recovered by more than 98% again, the mulching film is recovered through multiple full-tillage layer three-dimensionally in different periods and different modes, the overground and underground mulching films are all picked up, and the recovery rate of the mulching film in the same year can reach more than. Optimizes the film collecting technology of the cotton field, reduces the pollution of the whole layer of soil mulching film and ensures that the cotton field is cleaner.
Compared with the prior art, the cultivation method provided by the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art, improves the sowing quality of the mechanically harvested cotton, increases the resistance of cotton seedlings, cleans the field and the soil, reduces the pollution of the soil, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and mulching films of the cotton field, reduces the mechanically harvested impurities, simplifies the planting process of the mechanically harvested cotton, optimizes the cultivation method and achieves the purpose of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of the mechanically harvested cotton.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a cultivation method suitable for improving quality and efficiency of mechanical cotton picking, which can be called as a 'net simple and excellent' cultivation method for mechanical cotton picking for short, and realizes clean, simplified and optimized high-quality cultivation process in the mechanical cotton picking planting process, wherein the specific cultivation method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) soil selection
Selecting soil with strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, wherein the organic matter of a 0-20cm soil layer is required to be more than or equal to 0.5%, and the total salt content of the soil is required to be less than or equal to 0.3%.
(2) Variety selection
Selecting excellent varieties, requiring good stress resistance, strong disease resistance, good prematurity, 115-125 days in northern Xinjiang and 125-140 days in southern Xinjiang, and coating seeds before sowing.
(3) Land preparation
Immediately ploughing the crops in the first year after harvesting, wherein the depth of ploughing is 25-30 cm. After ploughing, land leveling is carried out in time according to the 6-shaped standard of 'leveling, moisture retention, loosening, breaking and cleaning' of land preparation. After leveling the ground and before sowing, raking the mulching film for 1 time by using a ground surface deep layer combined mulching film reclaimer, reclaiming the field mulching film, manually picking up the field residual mulching film, and striving for cleaning the field surface before sowing.
(4) Spraying herbicide before sowing
Weeding is carried out on each mu by using 200 g of 33 percent pendimethalin missible oil and 35 g of 42 percent dichlorflufen suspending agent, and soil sealing is carried out after shallow harrowing and soil mixing for 3 cm.
(5) Early film-spreading sowing in proper period
Sowing is started when the ground temperature of 5cm below the film is stabilized above 10 ℃ for more than 3 days, and the optimal sowing period is 5-15 months.
(6) Sowing mode
Covering with high-strength film (multilayer composite high-performance mulching film); one membrane with three rows, one hole with two plants, 76cm equal row spacing and 9.5cm plant spacing; laying pipes under the film, namely arranging the pipes in a row, wherein the distance between the drip irrigation pipes and the seed row is about 5cm, and the drippers face the seed row; and (5) covering soil on the side of the seed row on the film, wherein the distance between a soil layer and the seed row is 6cm, and finishing the precision dibbling of the locomotive at one time.
(7) Post-broadcast management
After sowing, laying a main dropper, connecting a branch pipe and a capillary pipe, waiting for seedling emergence in the southern Xinjiang area, dripping seedling emergence water within 24 hours in the northern Xinjiang area under the condition of no rain (frost), stopping water when each hole has water and every 2 transverse infiltration peaks between the holes are just connected, wherein the water dripping amount is 20-30m3Per mu. After seedlings are developed, the plants are just covered with soil once in time by a locomotive about 5cm in height, the soil is 1cm in thickness and 2cm in width, the film holes are tightly covered with soil, and the film surface is kept smooth and clean.
(8) Intertill
Before seedling emergence, if rain occurs, intertilling is carried out after each rain without soil breaking wheels to disperse water vapor and weed, the tilling depth is 10-12cm, and the seedling protection belt is 10 cm; the next intertillage is carried out every 7 to 10 days to increase the ground temperature, soil crushing wheels are arranged to increase the temperature and preserve the soil moisture, and the intertillage is carried out for 3 times generally.
(9) Chemical control
And (3) performing first chemical control after row development and soil sealing to prevent high seedlings, and spraying mepiquat chloride 0.5-1 g/mu according to variety characteristics and weather. And (3) controlling the chemical treatment again in the leaf stage of the cotton seedling, and spraying mepiquat chloride 0.5-4 g/mu. After budding, the chemical control is carried out for three times according to the growth vigor of cotton seedlings, and mepiquat chloride is sprayed for 4-6 g/mu. 8-10 g/mu of mepiquat chloride is sprayed before topping to inhibit the dominance of the topping, and 15-20 g/mu of mepiquat chloride can be sprayed 5-7 days after topping for chemical final control.
(10) Irrigating alternately day and night
Drip irrigation is used in the whole process, seedling emergence water and water are irrigated in the bud period in the daytime, the water temperature is increased, the water is irrigated in the morning and at the night in the boll period, and the cooling effect is achieved. Dripping water at the end of 5 months and at the beginning of 6 months after bud period, then reducing the water amount from less to more according to the water demand rule of cotton, increasing or decreasing by 10% each time, dripping water once every 6-7 days, and dripping water amount 25-40m each time3Per mu, total water drop of 320-350m3Per mu.
(11) Applying additional fertilizer along with water formula
The base fertilizer and the leaf surface fertilizer are not applied, and only the top dressing is applied, and the top dressing is completely applied along with water drops. Topdressing according to the ratio of N to P2O5∶K2O is 1: 0.5: and (3) properly reducing the amount of the nitrogen fertilizer according to a proportion of 0.5, increasing or decreasing by 10% each time according to the rule that the cotton needs the fertilizer from less to more, applying the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer and then applying the nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizing sequence, applying water first and then feeding the fertilizer, stopping the fertilizer first and then stopping the water supply, and applying the fertilizer with water every time according to the principle that the macroelement fertilizer and the microelement fertilizer are applied in a combined manner. The total fertilizer amount of each mu in the whole growth period is 80-100 kg, which is equivalent to 20kg of pure nitrogen per mu and pure P2O5: 13 kg/mu, pure K2O: 13 kg/mu, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer. The micro-fertilizer zinc fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times in the seedling stage, the flowering period is 1 time, each time is 300-350 g/mu, the boron fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the initial flowering stage, and the full-bloom period is 1 time, each time is 400 g/mu.
(12) Timely chemical early control of top plasticity and no pruning
Spraying a chemical agent to control the top plasticity in the northern Xinjiang area when 6-8 fruit branches are planted in the 6-26-7-10 days, and spraying a chemical agent to control the top plasticity in the southern Xinjiang area when 9-10 branches are delayed for 7-10 days.
(13) Mainly green prevention and control, and various modes of spraying pesticide to prevent and control diseases, pests and weeds
The method comprises the steps of timely blocking the ground head and the ground edge by planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment, fully protecting natural enemies, hanging (placing) yellow cards on the ground head, insecticidal lamps, syrup bottles, willow stalks, manually pulling grass and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and spraying pesticide by an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage and the later stage of a growth period when the diseases and insects are serious, wherein the locomotive is used for spraying pesticide in the middle stage of the growth period to prevent and control main diseases and insects of cotton.
(14) Spraying defoliant by unmanned aerial vehicle
In northern Xinjiang, the temperature is between 9 months and 1 day and 10 days, in southern Xinjiang, between 9 months and 10 days and 20 days, the average temperature of the days is more than 18 ℃, the lowest temperature is higher than 14 ℃, the defoliant is sprayed by an unmanned aerial vehicle for 2 times, 40 percent ethephon is sprayed for each time by 80 to 100 grams per mu, and Ruidilong is preferably used for 30 to 35 grams per mu. The interval is 5-6 days.
(15) Timely early harvest
After the defoliating agent is sprayed for 20 days, the defoliating rate reaches over 90 percent, and the boll opening rate reaches over 95 percent and the harvest is carried out immediately.
(16) Land collection device
After the cotton is harvested, the drip irrigation tape is timely withdrawn, the powder rod is returned to the field, and the residual film is picked up in a full-layer three-dimensional mode to prepare for production in the next year.
By the method, early-maturing upland cotton varieties are planted in a cotton area in Xinjiang, the number of harvested plants reaches 1.3-1.5 ten thousand, the number of single bolls is 6-10, the weight of each boll is 5-5.5 g, the lint content is 40-44%, the pre-frost flowering rate is more than 95%, and the yield of unginned cotton reaches 360-450 kg/mu.
Example 1:
in the year 2018, in a Xinjiang Changji Huashan farm old Longhe Zhang Zhongzhang uniform demonstration field, 50 mu, cotton as former stubble, clay as soil texture, 53 Xinluzao variety, seed coating, 30 g of 33% pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate 200 g jialongcajing for mu before sowing, 3cm of mixed soil with shallow rake after application, sowing in 4 months and 12 days in 2018, adopting high-strength film for film paving, one film with three rows, one hole with two plants, 76cm of equal row spacing, 9.5cm of plant spacing configuration, pipe paving under the film, one pipe in one line, the distance of the drip irrigation pipe from the seed row is about 5cm, and the dripper is drippedFacing the seed row, covering soil on the side of the seed row on the film, keeping the soil layer 6cm away from the seed row, covering soil by using a locomotive after the seedlings are developed, and dripping seedling water of 25m at 12 o' clock in the daytime after 4 months and 13 days2Sealing soil mechanically at 4 months and 25 days, wherein the thickness of the soil is 1cm, the width of the soil is 2cm, and double-bead adventitious seedlings are left. 4, 16 days of rain, the first intertillage is carried out, the cultivation depth is 10cm, and the seedling protection belt is 10 cm; intertilling twice every 10 days, the tilling depth is 12-15cm, and the seedling protection belt is 8 cm. And (4) performing first chemical control after row development and soil sealing, and spraying mepiquat chloride 1 g/mu. And (4) performing chemical control again in the 3-leaf stage of the cotton seedlings, and spraying mepiquat chloride 2 g/mu. And (4) carrying out chemical control for the third time after budding, and spraying mepiquat chloride 6 g/mu. Spraying mepiquat chloride 10 g/mu before topping to inhibit the dominance of the topping, and spraying mepiquat chloride 18 g/mu 5-7 days after topping for chemical final control. Dripping water at 6 months and 5 months, then reducing from less to more according to the water demand rule of cotton, increasing or decreasing by 10% each time, dripping water once every 5-6 days, irrigating water in the bud period in the daytime, and irrigating water in the morning and evening in the boll period, wherein the dripping water amount is 25-40m each time3Per mu, total water drop of 330m3Per mu. And no base fertilizer or leaf fertilizer is applied, only additional fertilizer is applied, and the fertilizer is completely applied along with water drops. 40 kg/mu of urea, 10 kg/mu of monopotassium phosphate, 15 kg/mu of special fertilizer for a dropper, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer are applied. When 6-8 fruit branches are sprayed on 1 day in 7 months, 30 ml/mu of a chemical agent-a soil excellent tower and 5 ml/mu of mepiquat chloride are sprayed for top control plasticity, the whole process is green for prevention and control, and the pesticide-acetamiprid is sprayed on a locomotive in the earlier stage of the growth period, 5 months, 25 days, 6 months, 20 days and 7 months, 1 day in 7 months for 20 g/mu, the imidacloprid is 50 g/mu, the pesticide is completely killed for 30 g/mu, the pesticide-abamectin-etoxazole is sprayed on an unmanned aerial vehicle in the later stage of the growth period, 7 months, 28 days and 8 months, 18 days, the emamectin-benzoate is 30 g/mu, and the emamectin benzoate is 30 g/. And 4, spraying the defoliant for 2 times by an unmanned aerial vehicle for 8 days in 9 months, and spraying 80 g/mu of 40% ethephon and 35 g/mu of Ruidilong. The defoliation rate reaches 93 percent in 30 days after 9 months, and the boll opening rate reaches 96 percent immediately after mechanical picking. After the machine is picked, the residual film is picked up in time, the recovery rate is 95.5%, the drip irrigation tape is recovered, and the powder rod is returned to the field to prepare for production in the next year. The yield of the seed cotton is calculated as 12.3 percent of impurities, the yield of the seed cotton per mu is 420kg, the velvet length is 29.8mm, and the specific strength is 30.5 cN/tex.
The method is characterized in that the same plot of 40 mu is subjected to a conventional machine cotton picking mode, except that common mulching films are adopted for mulching, one film is 6 rows, one hole is 1 plant, the row spacing is 66+10cm, pipes are paved under the films, one pipe is 2 rows, the distance between a drip irrigation pipe and one seed row is about 10cm,2 water droppers face to the seed rows and 1 water dropper faces to the seed rows in a back mode, the seed rows on the films are positively covered with soil, base fertilizer and foliar micro-fertilizer are applied, the top is manually topped and the branches are trimmed, the locomotive is sprayed with a medicament in the whole course for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and the locomotive is sprayed with a defolian. The recovery rate of the harvested residual mulch is 86.6%, the tested impurities are 12.8%, the yield of seed cotton per mu is 411kg, the velvet length is 29.2mm, and the specific strength is 29.8 cN/tex. Compared with the conventional cotton picking mode in the same land, the yield and the quality of the cotton picked by the machine are greatly improved.
Example 2:
in 2019, different points in the fields were demonstrated by a kaishu county, four villages and thirteen villages (liepei) in Xinjiang Kaishi region:
the area is 30 mu, the variety is Guoxin cotton No. 9, seeding is carried out in 6 days in 4 months, mechanical soil sealing is carried out in 16 days in 4 months, intertillage is carried out for the first time, intertillage is carried out for the second time in 27 days in 4 months, and intertillage is carried out for the third time in 4 days in 5 months. Beginning to drip water in 6 months 1, and the total dripping amount is 320m3Per mu. The fertilizing amount in the growth period is 40 kg/mu of urea, 20 kg/mu of monoammonium phosphate, 20 kg/mu of potassium sulfate, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer. And when 9-10 fruit branches are planted in 18 days in 7 months, spraying 30 ml/mu of chemical agent soil excellent tower and 5 ml/mu of mepiquat chloride for top control plasticity, and spraying the defoliant 2 times in 12 days in 9 months and 18 days by an unmanned aerial vehicle. The defoliation rate reaches 93 percent in 10 months and 20 days, and the machine harvesting is carried out immediately when the boll opening rate reaches 96 percent. The yield of the seed cotton is calculated as 12.6 percent of impurities, the yield of the seed cotton per mu is 423.8kg, the length of the velvet is 29.5mm, and the specific strength is 29.5 cN/tex.
In a conventional mechanical cotton harvesting and planting mode in the same plot, the seed cotton impurity content is tested to be 13.6 percent, the yield of seed cotton per mu is 411kg, the down length is 29.2mm, and the specific strength is 28.8 cN/tex. Compared with the conventional cotton mechanical picking mode in the same land, the yield and the quality of the cotton mechanical picking are greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method suitable for improving quality and efficiency of machine-harvested cotton is characterized by mainly comprising the following key processes:
(1) planting mode: one film with 3 rows, one hole with two plants, the arrangement of row spacing of 76cm and the like, and the hole spacing of 9.5cm, wherein the film width is 2.05m, 3 rows of seeds are sowed, the average row spacing of the seed rows is 76cm, the hole spacing of cotton is 9.5cm, 2-3 seeds are dibbled in each hole in a precise quantity, and 2 plants emerge from each hole;
(2) the pipe distribution mode is as follows: laying pipes under a film, wherein the number of the pipes corresponds to that of 3 rows of seeds of the film, one pipe is arranged in one row under the film, a drip irrigation pipe is arranged at the inner side of each row of seeds under the film and attached to the ground, each drip irrigation pipe is 5cm away from a seed hole, the right side of each drip irrigation pipe faces upwards, and a dripper faces to the seeds;
(3) sealing soil and pressing film: side sealing soil is adopted to combine with positive sealing soil, 3 rows of seeds are arranged on a film, one row of soil is sealed on the outer side of each row of seeds on the film in a sticking mode when the seeds are sowed, the distance between the soil and a seed hole is 6cm, and the soil is just pressed outside a dropper, namely the side sealing soil is adopted; after seedlings emerge and develop, positively sealing soil for 1 time by using a locomotive for the seed rows;
(4) film laying: sowing and laying a plurality of layers of composite mulching films with strong toughness and ageing resistance, wherein the thickness of the mulching films is 0.008-0.01mm, and the width of the mulching films is 2.05 m;
(5) and (3) drip irrigation: drip irrigation is carried out alternatively and automatically in the whole day and night, irrigation is carried out in the daytime after early sowing and before flowering, and irrigation is carried out in the morning and at night after flowering in the middle and later periods;
(6) a fertilizing mode: only applying additional fertilizer, no base fertilizer and no leaf fertilizer with the water formula, and applying different fertilizers according to the conventional proportion and sequence;
(7) controlling the top of the plant and pruning: spraying a top control plasticizer at one time, specifically 30-40 g/mu of emetic excellent tower, and 3-6 g/mu of mepiquat chloride, and finishing top control and pruning at one time;
(8) and (3) pest control: adopting green prevention and control in the whole process as a main part, preventing diseases, pests and weeds in multiple modes, spraying pesticide by using an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage of the growth period, namely after sowing and before blooming, spraying pesticide by using a locomotive in the middle stage, namely after blooming and before full bloom, and spraying pesticide by using the unmanned aerial vehicle in the later stage of the growth period, namely after full bloom;
(9) removing leaves: spraying a defoliant for 2 times by using an unmanned aerial vehicle before cotton harvesting;
(10) and (3) recovering the mulching film: adopting a full-layer three-dimensional film collecting technology, namely holding the film for 1 time on the ground surface of a locomotive after cotton is harvested, and then holding the film for 1 time in a deep layer, or holding the film for 1 time by using a ground surface deep layer combined mulching film recycling machine; picking up the mulching film on the artificial ground surface for 1 time, and recovering more than 90% of the mulching film on the ground surface and the deep mulching film; before sowing in the next year, raking the mulching film for 1 time in the shallow layer of the locomotive, picking up the mulching film for 1 time by the artificial ground surface, and recycling the mulching film for more than 98 percent.
2. The cultivation method suitable for improving the quality and the efficiency of the mechanical cotton picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the key process further comprises chemical control:
performing first chemical control after cotton seedlings are developed and covered with soil to prevent high-pod seedlings, and spraying mepiquat chloride 0.5-1 g/mu according to variety characteristics and weather; the chemical control is carried out again in the 3-leaf stage of the cotton seedlings, and mepiquat chloride is sprayed for 0.5-4 g/mu; carrying out third chemical control according to the growth vigor of the cotton seedlings after the cotton seedlings bud, and spraying mepiquat chloride 4-6 g/mu; 8-10 g/mu of mepiquat chloride is sprayed before topping to inhibit the dominance of the topping, and 15-20 g/mu of mepiquat chloride can be sprayed 5-7 days after topping for chemical final control.
3. The cultivation method suitable for machine-harvested cotton with quality and efficiency improvement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drip irrigation mode is specifically operated as follows:
drip irrigation is used in the whole process, seedling emergence water and water are irrigated in the bud period in the daytime, the water temperature is increased, the water is irrigated in the morning and at the night in the boll period, and the cooling effect is achieved; dripping water at the end of 5 months and at the beginning of 6 months after bud period, then reducing the water amount from less to more according to the water demand rule of cotton, increasing or decreasing by 10% each time, dripping water once every 6-7 days, and dripping water amount 25-40m each time3Per mu, total water drop of 320-350m3Per mu.
4. The cultivation method suitable for machine-harvested cotton with the advantages of quality improvement and efficiency improvement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fertilization mode is specifically operated as follows:
no base fertilizer or leaf fertilizer is applied, only additional fertilizer is applied, and all the additional fertilizer is applied along with water drops; topdressing according to the ratio of N to P2O5∶K2O is 1: 0.5: 0.5, reducing the amount of the nitrogen fertilizer, and increasing or decreasing by 10% each time according to the fertilizer requirement rule of cotton, wherein the fertilizing sequence is as follows: firstly, applying a phosphorus potassium fertilizer and then applying a nitrogen fertilizer, firstly adding water and then feeding fertilizer, firstly stopping fertilizer and then stopping water, and applying fertilizer with water each time according to the principle of applying a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer in a combined manner; the total fertilizer amount of each mu in the whole growth period is 80-100 kg, which is equivalent to 20kg of pure nitrogen per mu, P2O5: 13 kg/mu, K2O: 13 kg/mu, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer; the micro-fertilizer zinc fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times in the seedling stage, the flowering period is 1 time, each time is 300-350 g/mu, the boron fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the initial flowering stage, and the full-bloom period is 1 time, each time is 400 g/mu.
5. The cultivation method suitable for machine-harvested cotton with the advantages of quality improvement and efficiency improvement as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fertilizer application mode is as follows:
no base fertilizer or leaf fertilizer is applied, only additional fertilizer is applied, and all the additional fertilizer is applied along with water drops; and (3) topdressing according to the weight ratio of N to P2O5 to K2O being 1: 0.5: 0.5, reducing the amount of the nitrogen fertilizer, and increasing or decreasing by 10% each time according to the fertilizer requirement rule of cotton, wherein the fertilizing sequence is as follows: firstly, applying a phosphorus potassium fertilizer and then applying a nitrogen fertilizer, firstly adding water and then feeding fertilizer, firstly stopping fertilizer and then stopping water, and applying fertilizer with water each time according to the principle of applying a macroelement fertilizer and a microelement fertilizer in a combined manner; the total fertilizer amount of each mu in the whole growth period is 80-100 kg, which is equivalent to 20kg of pure nitrogen per mu, P2O5: 13 kg/mu, K2O: 13 kg/mu, 1 kg/mu of zinc fertilizer and 0.8 kg/mu of boron fertilizer; the micro-fertilizer zinc fertilizer is applied for 2-3 times in the seedling stage, the flowering period is 1 time, each time is 300-350 g/mu, the boron fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the initial flowering stage, and the full-bloom period is 1 time, each time is 400 g/mu.
6. The cultivation method suitable for the mechanical cotton picking quality and efficiency improvement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the whole-course green prevention and control is mainly carried out, and the specific operations of the various ways of preventing and controlling the diseases, pests and weeds are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, timely blocking the ground head and the ground, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment, fully protecting natural enemies, hanging insect killing yellow cards, insect killing lamps, syrup bottles and willow stalks on the ground head, performing artificial weed pulling and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and spraying pesticide by an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage and the later stage of a growth period when the diseases and insects are serious, wherein the locomotive is used for spraying pesticide to prevent and control main diseases and insects of cotton in the growth period.
7. The cultivation method suitable for the mechanical cotton picking with the quality and the efficiency improved as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the whole-course green prevention and control is mainly carried out, and the specific operations of the various ways of preventing and controlling the diseases, the pests and the weeds are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, timely blocking the ground head and the ground, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment, fully protecting natural enemies, hanging insect killing yellow cards, insect killing lamps, syrup bottles and willow stalks on the ground head, performing artificial weed pulling and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and spraying pesticide by an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage and the later stage of a growth period when the diseases and insects are serious, wherein the locomotive is used for spraying pesticide to prevent and control main diseases and insects of cotton in the growth period.
8. The cultivation method suitable for the mechanical cotton picking with the quality and the efficiency improved as claimed in claim 4, wherein the whole-course green prevention and control is mainly carried out, and the specific operations of preventing diseases, pests and weeds in various ways are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of timely blocking the ground head and the ground edge by planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment, fully protecting natural enemies, hanging insect killing yellow cards, insect killing lamps, syrup bottles and willow stalks on the ground head, performing artificial weed pulling and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and spraying pesticide by using an unmanned aerial vehicle in the early stage and the later stage of a growth period when the diseases and insects are serious, wherein the locomotive is used for spraying pesticide in the middle stage of the growth period to prevent and control main diseases and insects of cotton.
9. The cultivation method suitable for the mechanical cotton picking with the quality and the efficiency improved as claimed in claim 5, wherein the whole-course green prevention and control is mainly carried out, and the specific operations of preventing diseases, pests and weeds in various ways are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of planting disease and insect resistant cotton varieties, timely sealing the ground of the farmland head, performing seed coating treatment before sowing, performing soil sealing treatment to fully protect natural enemies, hanging insect killing yellow cards, insect killing lamps, syrup bottles, willow stalks on the farmland head, manually weeding and other green modes to preliminarily prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds; when the plant diseases and insect pests are serious, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for spraying the pesticide at the early stage and the later stage of the growth period, and the locomotive is used for spraying the pesticide at the growth period to prevent and control the main plant diseases and insect pests of the cotton.
10. The cultivation method suitable for mechanical cotton picking with the functions of quality improvement and efficiency increase as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sowing and laying of the multilayer composite mulching film with strong toughness and aging resistance is a mulching film with a tensile force of 4.6N, an elongation at break of 406%, a tearing force of 1.6N, a tensile force after aging of 4.7N, and an elongation at break of 237% after aging.
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| CN114503893A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-17 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Xinjiang early-middle-maturing upland cotton chemical topping and later-period management method |
| CN114557251A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-31 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | Cotton film-free drip irrigation cultivation method |
| CN114667898A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-28 | 新疆农垦科学院 | High-efficiency cultivation method for high-frequency drip irrigation water-saving seedling protection, strong seedling and yield increase in saline-alkali soil cotton field |
| CN115250858A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-11-01 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Efficient planting method for high-quality mechanically-harvested raw cotton |
| CN115500231A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-23 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | High-efficiency seedling cultivation technology for cotton seedling emergence through dripping water |
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| CN114667898B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2024-03-22 | 新疆农垦科学院 | High-frequency drip irrigation water-saving seedling-protecting seedling-strengthening yield-increasing cultivation method for cotton fields in saline-alkali soil |
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| CN115250858A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-11-01 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Efficient planting method for high-quality mechanically-harvested raw cotton |
| CN115500231A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-23 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | High-efficiency seedling cultivation technology for cotton seedling emergence through dripping water |
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