CN1138464C - High-density cultivating technology for mountain ginseng - Google Patents
High-density cultivating technology for mountain ginseng Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138464C CN1138464C CNB001093592A CN00109359A CN1138464C CN 1138464 C CN1138464 C CN 1138464C CN B001093592 A CNB001093592 A CN B001093592A CN 00109359 A CN00109359 A CN 00109359A CN 1138464 C CN1138464 C CN 1138464C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-density cultivating technology for mountain ginseng, which is characterized in that the technique has the main links of seed selection-seed treatment-land selection-sowing-management-harvest; the present invention makes full use of a gene bank of mountain ginseng species in Changbai mountain, and uses a simulation technique and a breeding technique to solve the problems of low breeding rate of the mountain ginseng under natural condition according to the biological characteristics and the environment relation conditions of the mountain ginseng so that the mountain ginseng comes from the nature and returns to the nature. The mountain ginseng which is a rare and unique resource becomes efficient large-scale green industry with commercialization and specialization. The present invention protects ecological environment and preserves the variety of species.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mountain ginseng cultivation method.
Background technology
The mountain ginseng is well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and nutritive value, medical value height are described as " kings of hundred grass ", first of " northeast Triratna ".According to historical records, since Tang and five generations, the Bohai Sea people join as the successive dynasties emperor being paid tribute the treasure of presenting a gift long always in vain.At present, the Changbai Mountain is the unique producing region of China wild ginseng.But owing to gather excessively, wild mountain ginseng resource storage sharply descends, and is endangered: as because mountain ginseng growth year is very long, can't to satisfy the human needs, approximately before bimillennium, human cultivated ginseng just occur, and developed into the main source in market; Culture of ginseng comes from wild ginseng, is through long-term artificial domesticating cultivation, grows up.Enter the nineties, because the genseng excessive development, market changes, genseng price landslide, Changbai Mountain culture of ginseng industry generally gets into a difficult position: the ginseng industry is overheated, deforestation seed ginseng beyond the planned quota, destroyed vegetation, severe water and soil erosion: old ginseng is thrown something aside in a large number, resource can not get reasonable utilization; The Changbai Mountain forest resources, ecological condition environment are subjected to heavy damage, can utilize ginseng ground resource exhausted day by day, and the restriction culture of ginseng already develops.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mountain ginseng cultivation method; be biological property and environmental concerns condition according to the mountain ginseng; make full use of the ginseng species gene storehouse, mountain on Changbai Mountain; application simulation technology and propagation technique; capture under the natural conditions, ginseng reproduction rate extremely low problem in mountain makes the mountain ginseng come from nature, back to nature.
For achieving the above object, a kind of mountain ginseng cultivation method of the present invention, its major technique link is: the seed of choosing seeds is handled a choosing ground one sowing, one management one results, wherein:
(1), seed selection: class mountain ginseng type seedling is implanted in leaved Korean Pine woods sylvan life 5 years, isolate collects seed, the seed collecting sport technique segment for select seedling plant → isolate → cultivate → manage → gather in the crops; 1), select seedling to plant: select reed elongated, the ginseng body is short and small, many bands, root body bifurcation angle is big, the seedling that fibrous root is long; 2), cultivation: by mountain ginseng growth conditions choosing ground, open soil layer with dull and stereotyped pick along the hillside skewer, the former soil layer of 2 centimeters does not destroy and tiltedly plants half-and-half is horizontal to sand-like layer or the yellow clay layer, reality tramps with one's feet, the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed is motionless, and the foreign material that weed a garden keep rainproof, the lucifuge of thing of sheltering from heat or light; Obtain meeting mountain ginseng ground with planting; Isolate and adopt the zone band to isolate, in 200 meters, do not have different strain;
(2), seed treatment: seed is cleaned, and dormancy under-5 ℃ of-+5 ℃ of low temperature is+15 ℃ of-25 ℃ of vernalization;
(3), choosing ground: select north latitude 40 degree-48 degree, mix theropencedrymion or broad-leaved shaw multiple layer of different age in the zone of east longitude 117 degree-137 degree, between the height above sea level 600-800 rice, 4.2 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, one monthly mean temperature-18 ℃, 20-21 ℃ of 7-8 monthly mean temperature, annual precipitation 800-1000 millimeter, soil is rich in calcium, magnesium, iron, boron trace element, pH value 6.0 with grey brown earth, dark brown earth, soil moisture 60%, select the gradient between the 15-30 degree, draining is good, and woodland closing density is 0.5-0.8;
(4), sowing: 1. autumn sowing is at 9-10 between the month
2. sow in spring the late April-the first tenday period of a month in May
Type of seeding: with 3-5 centimetre of thick hardwood rod, be whittled into taper, dazzling downwards along the hillside, determine the degree of depth according to detritus soil layer insulation degree, dark 8-10 centimetre, kind is broadcast in the cave, the reality that tramps with one's feet, spacing in the rows determines that according to environment every square metre is 20 caves;
(5), management: ginseng sowing zone, mountain is sealed, and forbids people, animal to enter to jam on, harvest of forest trees; With the artificial deinsectization evil that kills mouse; Weeds, undershrub near clearing up seedling at the seedling 1-2 age; Topsoil, humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, enters 2-3 days fruiting periods after genseng is bloomed, ripe seed collecting; The withered dormancy of genseng in the fall will cover leaf, winter protection; Below life in 10 years, do not adopt seed; Pluck flower bud and improve starch, fat, strengthen plastid, the restraining the growth of seedlings weightening finish; More than 15 years, controlled humidity, hyperplasia ginseng palpus and pearl point, and it is native with stripping to adjust illumination assurance illumination 25%-40%, promotes to join the shape growth;
(6), results: living mountain ginseng type genseng can carry out the seedling thinning results according to density and diseased plant in 10 years; Can gather in the crops gradually after 15 years, results will be plucked the flower bud weightening finish then, improve the quality.
By a kind of mountain ginseng cultivation method of the present invention, making the mountain join this rare, peculiar resource becomes scale, commercialization, specialized efficient green industry: protected ecotope, preserved the diversity of species.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
1, seed selection: class mountain ginseng type seedling is implanted in leaved Korean Pine woods sylvan life 5 years, isolate collects seed, the seed collecting sport technique segment for select seedling plant → isolate → cultivate → manage → gather in the crops; 1), select seedling to plant: select reed elongated, the ginseng body is short and small, many bands, root body bifurcation angle is big, the seedling that fibrous root is long; 2), cultivation: by mountain ginseng growth conditions choosing ground, open soil layer with dull and stereotyped pick along the hillside skewer, the former soil layer of 2 centimeters does not destroy and tiltedly plants half-and-half is horizontal to sand-like layer or the yellow clay layer, reality tramps with one's feet, the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed is motionless, and the foreign material that weed a garden suitably keep rainproof, the lucifuge of thing of sheltering from heat or light; Obtain meeting mountain ginseng ground with planting; Isolate and adopt the zone band to isolate, in 200 meters, do not have different strain;
2, seed treatment: seed is cleaned, and dormancy under-5 ℃ of-+5 ℃ of low temperature is+15 ℃ of-25 ℃ of vernalization.
3, choosing ground: the wealthy mixed forest of needle selection; between the height above sea level 600-800 rice, soil selects dark brown earth, is rich in trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, boron; pH value 6.0; last earth humidity 60%, protection ground is according to wild ginseng's comprehensive ecological, species diversity; the ecological dominance community evenness; select the gradient between the 15-30 degree, draining is good, and woodland closing density is 0.5-0.8.
4, sowing: the late April-the first tenday period of a month in May sowings:
Type of seeding: with 3-5 centimetre of thick hardwood rod, be whittled into taper, dazzling downwards along the hillside, determine the degree of depth according to detritus soil layer insulation degree, general dark 8-10 centimetre, kind is broadcast in the cave, reality tramps with one's feet, sowing reduces worm, the plague of rats like this, the protection soil layer does not destroy, and allows the free procreation enviroment of seedling, notes giving over to the industry road during sowing, spacing in the rows determines flexibly that according to environment general every square metre is to be advisable in 20 caves; The living 3-5 strain of 3-10/square metre, the living 1-2 strain of 10-15/square metre.
5, management: ginseng sowing zone, mountain is sealed, and forbids people, animal to enter to jam on, harvest of forest trees.With the artificial deinsectization evil that kills mouse.Weeds, undershrub are created excellent environment near suitable cleaning of seedling 1-2 age seedling, improve survival rate of seedlings.Topsoil, humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, enters 2-3 days fruiting periods after genseng is bloomed, and Fruit of Panax ginseng is a cerise when ripe, very easily comes off, and note in good time seed collecting.The withered dormancy of genseng in the fall will cover leaf, winter protection.The seed of below life in 10 years, can not being eager to adopt.Can pluck flower bud and improve starch, fat, strengthen plastid, the restraining the growth of seedlings weightening finish.More than 15 years, controlled humidity, hyperplasia ginseng palpus and pearl point, and it is native with stripping to adjust illumination assurance illumination 25%-40%, promotes to join the shape growth.
6, results: living mountain ginseng type genseng can carry out the seedling thinning results according to density and diseased plant in 10 years.Can gather in the crops gradually after 15 years, results will be plucked the flower bud weightening finish then, improve the quality, and when results, note conservation of nature diffusion seedling.
Mountain ginseng cultivation method of the present invention is habit of growth and the environmental condition according to the wild ginseng, explores manual simulation's technology of forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees, its key technique: the one, and seed selection: the 2nd, management.Can not add more artificial condition at growing period, guarantee the stable of natural ecological condition.
In sum, be preferred embodiment of the present invention, all changes of doing according to technical solution of the present invention when the function that is produced does not exceed the scope of technical solution of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of mountain ginseng cultivation method is characterized in that its major technique link is: the seed of choosing seeds is handled a choosing ground one sowing, one management one results, wherein:
(1), seed selection: class mountain ginseng type seedling is implanted in leaved Korean Pine woods sylvan life 5 years, isolate collects seed, the seed collecting sport technique segment for select seedling plant → isolate → cultivate → manage → gather in the crops; 1), select seedling to plant: select reed elongated, the ginseng body is short and small, many bands, root body bifurcation angle is big, the seedling that fibrous root is long; 2), cultivation: by mountain ginseng growth conditions choosing ground, open soil layer with dull and stereotyped pick along the hillside skewer, the former soil layer of 2 centimeters does not destroy and tiltedly plants half-and-half is horizontal to sand-like layer or the yellow clay layer, reality tramps with one's feet, the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed is motionless, and the foreign material that weed a garden keep rainproof, the lucifuge of thing of sheltering from heat or light; Obtain meeting mountain ginseng ground with planting; Isolate and adopt the zone band to isolate, in 200 meters, do not have different strain;
(2), seed treatment: seed is cleaned, and dormancy under-5 ℃ of-+5 ℃ of low temperature is+15 ℃ of-25 ℃ of vernalization;
(3), choosing ground: select north latitude 40 degree-48 degree, mix theropencedrymion or broad-leaved shaw multiple layer of different age in the zone of east longitude 117 degree-137 degree, between the height above sea level 600-800 rice, 4.2 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, one monthly mean temperature-18 ℃, 20-21 ℃ of 7-8 monthly mean temperature, annual precipitation 800-1000 millimeter, soil is rich in calcium, magnesium, iron, boron trace element, pH value 6.0 with grey brown earth, dark brown earth, soil moisture 60%, select the gradient between the 15-30 degree, draining is good, and woodland closing density is 0.5-0.8;
(4), sowing: 1. autumn sowing is at 9-10 between the month
2. sow in spring the late April-the first tenday period of a month in May
Type of seeding: with 3-5 centimetre of thick hardwood rod, be whittled into taper, dazzling downwards along the hillside, determine the degree of depth according to detritus soil layer insulation degree, dark 8-10 centimetre, kind is broadcast in the cave, the reality that tramps with one's feet, spacing in the rows is 20 caves for every square metre;
(5), management: the sowing zone is sealed, and forbids people, animal to enter to jam on, harvest of forest trees; With the artificial deinsectization evil that kills mouse; Weeds, undershrub near clearing up seedling at the seedling 1-2 age; Topsoil, humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, enters 2-3 days fruiting periods after genseng is bloomed, ripe seed collecting; The withered dormancy of genseng in the fall will cover leaf, winter protection; Below life in 10 years, do not adopt seed; Pluck flower bud and improve starch, fat, strengthen plastid, the restraining the growth of seedlings weightening finish; More than 15 years, controlled humidity, hyperplasia ginseng palpus and pearl point, and it is native with stripping to adjust illumination assurance illumination 25%-40%, promotes to join the shape growth;
(6), results: life in 10 years can be carried out the seedling thinning results according to density and diseased plant; Can gather in the crops gradually after 15 years, results will be plucked the flower bud weightening finish then, improve the quality.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001093592A CN1138464C (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | High-density cultivating technology for mountain ginseng |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001093592A CN1138464C (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | High-density cultivating technology for mountain ginseng |
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| CN1270758A CN1270758A (en) | 2000-10-25 |
| CN1138464C true CN1138464C (en) | 2004-02-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103202126A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-17 | 东港天参源参业有限公司 | Ginseng seedling culture and flatland ginseng planting method |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100374002C (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-03-12 | 魏本胜 | Special-shaped handicraft ginseng cultivating and processing method |
| CN102177779A (en) * | 2011-05-01 | 2011-09-14 | 吉林省通化博祥药业股份有限公司 | Method for purifying wild ginseng seeds |
| CN103430743B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-03-30 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | A soil Optimum Cultivation method of planting ginseng |
| CN103988609B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-11-04 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of southern high altitude localities ginseng vernalization propagation method |
| CN104472191A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 南江县百草中药材有限公司 | Planting method for understory mountain ginseng |
| CN108605738A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-10-02 | 张洪超 | A kind of scientic planting technique of novel high yield hayashishita ginseng |
| CN107027478A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-11 | 吉林省研田人参栽培研究院有限公司 | A kind of utilization illite improved soil and the method for planting ginseng |
| CN108271642A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-07-13 | 集安市吉聚参业有限公司 | A kind of method for planting of the huge ginseng of edge strip |
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2000
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103202126A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-17 | 东港天参源参业有限公司 | Ginseng seedling culture and flatland ginseng planting method |
| CN103202126B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2015-04-01 | 东港天参源参业有限公司 | Ginseng seedling culture and flatland ginseng planting method |
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