CN113788727A - Preparation method of organic fertilizer with soil remediation and conditioning functions - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer with soil remediation and conditioning functions Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and discloses a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting materials; s2, crushing the materials; s3, mixing the materials; s4, crushing the materials for the second time; s5, fermenting the material; s6, drying and storing; the rice produced by the compound mixed fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, enables crops to resist lodging and insect pests and have high yield, improves the physicochemical property of soil, prevents soil hardening, can be mechanically produced in more steps in the production process, has higher mechanization degree, lower material requirement, can be produced in batch, has lower production cost and higher economic benefit, contains various organic media, increases various functional microorganisms in the soil to generate a large amount of secondary metabolites in the growth and reproduction process, promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matters, can directly or indirectly provide various nutrients and irritant substances for the crops, and promotes and regulates the growth of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function.
Background
In recent years, the demand of agricultural production in the world for fertilizers is increasing continuously, and due to the rising price of chemical fertilizers and the pollution of environment and agricultural products caused by using a large amount of chemical fertilizers, people begin to break through the inherent fertilizer mode and search for new fertilizers, and China is a big agricultural country and a big fertilizer using country. According to the statistical data of the Ministry of agriculture in China, the method comprises the following steps: the annual usage amount of chemical fertilizers in China accounts for 35% of the total amount of the world, but the utilization rate of the fertilizers in China is greatly lower than that in developed countries, and a large amount of fertilizers remain on the ground, so that not only is the soil quality seriously reduced, but also the water body is polluted, and the sustainable development of agriculture in China and the living environment of human beings are threatened.
At present, merchants in the market sell organic fertilizers with lower prices than high quality organic fertilizers, so that the low price advantage is full of the market of the high quality organic fertilizers which are really qualified and reach the standard and have high quality. This leads to a vicious circle of increased fertility and increased leaner land use in agricultural production, with severe deterioration of the fertility of the land, resulting in a sharp decrease in the population of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and a decrease in the activity of the soil enzymes; the soil has poor ventilation effect and poor water storage and drainage capability, the root system of the plant is difficult to absorb water and even can not grow, so that the yield of the crop is reduced, even the cultivation is abandoned, and the sustainable development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry production and ecological environment is seriously influenced. Therefore, a preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning functions is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function comprises the following steps:
s1: the material selection comprises 10-15 parts of algae soil, 20-30 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 5-10 parts of soil activator, 30-40 parts of rapeseed cake, 20-30 parts of furfural residue, 20-30 parts of gypsum, 10-20 parts of hydrated lime, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 400 parts of pig manure and 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 30-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-25 parts of urea, 50-70 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 70-90 parts of turf, 10-15 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-60 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 20-35 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material 150-containing materials, 10-30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 10-20 parts of microbial inoculum, 40-50 parts of straw residues, 20-30 parts of seaweed residues and 15-30 parts of chicken manure;
s2: crushing the materials, namely sequentially placing 20-30 parts of the oil shale in S1, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10-20 parts of hydrated lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70-90 parts of grass carbon and 15-30 parts of chicken manure in a crusher to crush the materials into smaller particles, filtering the materials through a filtering device after crushing to obtain crushed raw materials, wherein the filtering device is a filtering plate, and the filtering pore size of the filtering plate is 80-100 meshes;
s3: mixing the materials, namely placing 5-10 parts of the soil activator, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 10-20 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 15-25 parts of urea, 50-70 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20-35 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 10-15 parts of oyster shell powder and 10-20 parts of microbial inoculum in S1 into a stirring barrel, dissolving the materials into water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4, stirring the materials for 2-3min, standing the mixture for 30-50min, and fully mixing and stirring the stirring device for 20-30min after the standing is finished to obtain a mixed raw material;
s4: performing secondary crushing on the materials, namely crushing 10-15 parts of the algae soil obtained from S1, 30-40 parts of rapeseed cakes, 20-30 parts of furfural residues, 20-30 parts of gypsum, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 30-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 20-60 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 10-30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 40-50 parts of straw residues and 20-30 parts of algae residues by using a crushing device, filtering by using a filtering device after crushing is finished, wherein the filtering device is a filtering net with 200 meshes of 150 meshes, placing the crushed raw materials obtained from S2 into a mixing device for mixing after filtering is finished, mixing for 20-30min during the mixing process, wherein the mixing speed is 300r/min of 150 meshes, taking out the materials after mixing is finished to obtain the fermentation materials,
s5: fermenting the materials, placing the fermented materials obtained from S4 in a fermentation tank, piling the fermented materials in the fermentation tank, taking out part of the mixed raw materials obtained from S3, spraying the part of the mixed raw materials to the upper side of the fermented materials, wherein the initial humidity of the fermented materials is 50-60%, properly supplying oxygen and turning over the piles during the fermentation process, turning over the materials in time when the temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃ or above, generally turning over the materials for 3 times, controlling the temperature to be about 65 ℃, influencing nutrients due to too high temperature, completing the fermentation, generally increasing the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after the materials are piled up for 48 hours, and reaching more than 65 ℃ on the third day, turning over once at the high temperature, wherein the high temperature of more than 65 ℃ appears twice in the fermentation process under the general condition, the fermentation can be completed after 2-3 times of turning over, the fermentation can be completed within 10 days normally, the material is black brown, and the temperature begins to be reduced to the normal temperature to obtain a fertilizer making raw material;
s6: and (4) drying and storing, namely drying the fertilizer preparation raw material obtained in the step S5 until the moisture content is 13-16 wt%, crushing, sieving with a 20-50-mesh sieve to obtain an organic fertilizer, packaging and storing at low temperature.
Preferably, 20-30 parts of the oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 70-90 parts of grass peat, 10-20 parts of hydrated lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud and 15-30 parts of chicken manure in S1 need to be dried before use, and the water content is less than or equal to 15% in the use process.
Preferably, in S1, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is an alkaloid mixture extracted from sophora flavescens, tobacco stems and pyrethrum, the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: MgO, CaO, SiO2 and P205, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the edible fungus bag material comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of MgO, 15-20 parts of CaO, 215-25 parts of SiO and 20-30 parts of P205, the decomposed edible fungus bag material comprises one or two of decomposed mushroom bag material and black fungus bag material, the water content of seaweed residues is 40-45%, and the straw residues are obtained by crushing one or more of wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws and sorghum straws.
Preferably, the stirring device in S3 is provided with a stainless steel stirring barrel and a stainless steel stirring rod, the operating speed of the stirring rod of the stirring device is 300-500r/min, a temperature control device is arranged inside the stirring device, and the temperature of the stirring device in the operating process is 25-40 ℃.
Preferably, when the fermented materials are piled up in the S5, attention needs to be paid to the size of the fermented pile, the fermentation is affected if the size is too small, the height of the flat-top trapezoidal pile is 1.2-1.5 meters, the height of the pointed conical pile is 1.5-2 meters, the width of the pointed conical pile is 2-2.5 meters, the length of the pointed conical pile is 2-4 meters, the flat-top trapezoidal pile is taken as the minimum standard, the fermented materials are piled up proportionally, and the fermentation effect is good.
Preferably, a temperature control device is arranged at the lower side of the fermentation tank in S5, the initial temperature of the fermented product is more than or equal to 15-20 ℃, and the initial optimum temperature of the fermented product is 30-40 ℃.
Preferably, the stirring device in S3 has a temperature adjustment device, and the raw material inside the stirring device is stably controlled by temperature adjustment, so as to prevent the raw material from increasing in temperature due to heat energy generated by stirring during the stirring process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the rice produced by using the compound mixed fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, enables crops to resist lodging and insect pests and have high yield, improves the physical and chemical properties of soil, prevents the soil from hardening, can be mechanically produced by more steps in the production process, has higher degree of mechanization, lower material requirement, can be produced in batch, has lower production cost and higher economic benefit;
2. the method has simple process and simple steps, releases nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient elements through the fertilizer, does not cause soil hardening, has high soil loosening degree and high water and air permeability, can improve the biological cycle of loose soil by fermenting furfural residues, pig manure and sheep manure, can promote soil cementation, has the nutrient substance release speed capable of meeting the growth requirement of crops, and fundamentally solves the problem of fertilizer loss;
3. after the fertilizer produced by the invention enters the soil, a plurality of organic media are contained in the fertilizer, and a plurality of functional microorganisms are added in the soil to generate a large amount of secondary metabolites in the growth and reproduction process, so that the decomposition and conversion of organic matters are promoted, a plurality of nutrients and irritant substances can be directly or indirectly provided for crops, the growth of the crops is promoted and regulated, and meanwhile, the dominant beneficial bacterium group formed in the root system of the crops can inhibit the multiplication of harmful pathogenic bacteria and enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of the crops; the soil nutrient is activated, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fixed by the soil are converted into free states which can be absorbed by crops, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved; improving the granular structure of soil, enhancing the water and fertilizer retention capacity and reducing the production cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a preparation process of an organic fertilizer with soil remediation and conditioning functions provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is production data of an embodiment of a method for preparing an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation function.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation function includes the following steps:
s1: 1422 selecting materials, including 15 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 5 parts of a soil activator, 30 parts of rapeseed cake, 20 parts of furfural residue, 20 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of slaked lime, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 400 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 50 parts of cottonseed meal, 15 parts of urea, 52 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 70 parts of grass peat, 10 parts of oyster shell powder, 20 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium fertilizer, 20 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 10 parts of microbial inoculum, 40 parts of straw residue, 20 parts of seaweed residue and 15 parts of chicken manure;
s2: crushing the materials, namely sequentially placing 20 parts of the oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10 parts of hydrated lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70 parts of grass peat and 15 parts of chicken manure in the S1 into a crusher to crush the materials into smaller particles, filtering the materials by a filtering device after crushing to obtain crushed raw materials, wherein the filtering device is a filtering plate, and the filtering aperture of the filtering plate is 90 meshes;
s3: mixing the materials, namely placing 5 parts of the soil activator, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 10 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 15 parts of urea, 52 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 10 parts of oyster shell powder and 10 parts of microbial inoculum in S1 into a stirring barrel, dissolving the materials into water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4, stirring the materials for 3min, standing the materials for 50min, and fully mixing and stirring the stirring device for 30min after the standing is finished to obtain a mixed raw material;
s4: performing secondary crushing on the materials, crushing 15 parts of the algae soil obtained in the step S1, 30 parts of rapeseed cakes, 20 parts of furfural residues, 20 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of vermiculite, 50 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 40 parts of straw residues and 20 parts of seaweed residues by using a crushing device, filtering by using a filtering device after crushing, wherein the filtering device is a 170-mesh filtering net, mixing the crushed raw materials obtained in the step S2 in a mixing device for 25min after filtering, wherein the mixing speed is 220r/min, taking out the mixture after mixing to obtain a fermented material,
s5: fermenting the materials, placing the fermented materials obtained from S4 in a fermentation tank, piling the fermented materials in the fermentation tank, taking out part of the mixed raw materials obtained from S3, spraying the part of the mixed raw materials to the upper side of the fermented materials, wherein the initial humidity of the fermented materials is 50-60%, properly supplying oxygen and turning over the piles during the fermentation process, turning over the materials in time when the temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃ or above, generally turning over the materials for 3 times, controlling the temperature to be about 65 ℃, influencing nutrients due to too high temperature, completing the fermentation, generally increasing the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after the materials are piled up for 48 hours, and reaching more than 65 ℃ on the third day, turning over once at the high temperature, wherein the high temperature of more than 65 ℃ appears twice in the fermentation process under the general condition, the fermentation can be completed after 2-3 times of turning over, the fermentation can be completed within 10 days normally, the material is black brown, and the temperature begins to be reduced to the normal temperature to obtain a fertilizer making raw material;
s6: and (4) drying and storing, namely drying the fertilizer preparation raw material obtained in the step S5 until the moisture content is 16 wt%, crushing, sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain an organic fertilizer, packaging and storing at low temperature.
20 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10 parts of slaked lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70 parts of grass peat and 15 parts of chicken manure in the S1 are dried before use, and the water content is less than or equal to 15% in the use process.
S1, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is an alkaloid mixture extracted from radix sophorae flavescentis, tobacco stems and pyrethrum, the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: MgO, CaO, SiO2 and P205, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the seaweed-containing bag comprises, by weight, 15 parts of MgO, 18 parts of CaO, 222 parts of SiO and 20526 parts of P, wherein the well-decomposed edible fungus bag comprises one or two of a well-decomposed mushroom bag material and a black fungus bag material, the moisture content of seaweed residues is 45%, and the straw residues are obtained by crushing one or more of wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws and sorghum straws.
In S3 the agitating unit be provided with stainless steel agitator and stainless steel puddler, the functioning speed of agitating unit puddler is 400r/min, agitating unit inside is provided with temperature control device, the temperature of agitating unit operation in-process is 33 ℃.
When the fermented materials are piled up in the S5, attention needs to be paid to the size of the fermented piles, fermentation is affected if the size of the fermented piles is too small, the height of the flat-top trapezoidal pile is 1.2-1.5 meters, the height of the pointed conical pile is 1.5-2 meters, the width of the pointed conical pile is 2-2.5 meters, the length of the pointed conical pile is 2-4 meters, the flat-top trapezoidal pile is taken as the minimum standard, the materials are piled up proportionally, and the fermentation effect is good.
The temperature control device is arranged at the lower side of the fermentation tank in the S5, the initial temperature of the fermented product is more than or equal to 15-20 ℃, and the initial optimum temperature of the fermented product is 40 ℃.
The stirring device in the S3 is provided with a temperature adjusting and regulating device, the raw materials in the stirring device are stably controlled through temperature adjustment, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the raw materials rises due to heat energy generated by stirring in the stirring process is prevented.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation function includes the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the following steps of selecting materials, namely 12 parts of diatomite, 25 parts of oil shale, 275 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 8 parts of a soil activator, 35 parts of rapeseed cakes, 25 parts of furfural residues, 25 parts of gypsum, 15 parts of slaked lime, 15 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of a silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 350 parts of pig manure, 40 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 40 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of urea, 60 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 80 parts of grass peat, 12 parts of oyster shell powder, 40 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium fertilizer, 27 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 175 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag materials, 20 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 15 parts of microbial inoculum, 45 parts of straw residues, 25 parts of seaweed residues and 23 parts of chicken manure;
s2: crushing the materials, namely placing 25 parts of the oil shale, 275 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 15 parts of hydrated lime, 350 parts of pig manure, 40 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 80 parts of grass peat and 23 parts of chicken manure in the S1 into a crusher in sequence to crush the materials into smaller particles, filtering the materials by a filtering device after crushing to obtain crushed raw materials, wherein the filtering device is a filtering plate, and the filtering aperture of the filtering plate is 80-100 meshes;
s3: mixing the materials, namely placing 8 parts of the soil activator, 175 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 15 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 20 parts of urea, 60 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 27 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 12 parts of oyster shell powder and 5 parts of microbial inoculum in S1 into a stirring barrel, dissolving the materials into water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4, stirring the materials for 2min, standing the materials for 50min, and fully mixing and stirring the stirring device for 20min after the standing is finished to obtain a mixed raw material;
s4: performing secondary crushing on the materials, namely crushing 12 parts of the algae soil obtained in the step S1, 35 parts of rapeseed cakes, 25 parts of furfural residues, 25 parts of gypsum, 15 parts of vermiculite, 40 parts of cottonseed meal, 40 parts of a silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 20 parts of a ternary compound fertilizer, 45 parts of straw residues and 25 parts of seaweed residues by using a crushing device, filtering by using a filtering device after crushing is finished, wherein the filtering device is a 150-mesh filtering net, mixing the crushed raw materials obtained in the step S2 in a mixing device for 30min, wherein the mixing speed is 200r/min, taking out the mixture after mixing is finished to obtain a fermented material,
s5: fermenting the materials, placing the fermented materials obtained from S4 in a fermentation tank, piling the fermented materials in the fermentation tank, taking out part of the mixed raw materials obtained from S3, spraying the part of the mixed raw materials to the upper side of the fermented materials, wherein the initial humidity of the fermented materials is 55%, properly supplying oxygen and turning over the piles during the fermentation process, turning over the materials in time when the temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃ or above, generally turning over the materials for 3 times, controlling the temperature to be about 65 ℃, influencing nutrients due to too high temperature, finishing the fermentation, generally increasing the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after the materials are piled up for 48 hours, and reaching more than 65 ℃ on the third day, turning over once at the high temperature, wherein the high temperature of more than 65 ℃ appears twice in the fermentation process under the general condition, the fermentation can be completed after 2-3 times of turning over, the fermentation can be completed within 10 days normally, the material is black brown, and the temperature begins to be reduced to the normal temperature to obtain a fertilizer making raw material;
s6: and (4) drying and storing, namely drying the fertilizer preparation raw material obtained in the step S5 until the moisture content is 15 wt%, crushing, sieving with a 20-50-mesh sieve to obtain an organic fertilizer, packaging and storing at low temperature.
25 parts of oil shale, 275 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 15 parts of hydrated lime, 350 parts of pig manure, 40 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 80 parts of grass peat and 23 parts of chicken manure in the S1 are dried before use, and the water content is less than or equal to 15% in the use process.
S1, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is an alkaloid mixture extracted from radix sophorae flavescentis, tobacco stems and pyrethrum, the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: MgO, CaO, SiO2 and P205, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the seaweed-containing bag comprises, by weight, 15 parts of MgO, 15 parts of CaO, 220 parts of SiO and 20520 parts of P, wherein the well-decomposed edible fungus bag comprises one or two of a well-decomposed mushroom bag material and a black fungus bag material, the moisture content of seaweed residues is 43 wt%, and the straw residues are obtained by crushing one or more of wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws and sorghum straws.
In S3 the agitating unit be provided with stainless steel agitator and stainless steel puddler, the functioning speed of agitating unit puddler is 400r/min, agitating unit inside is provided with temperature control device, the temperature of agitating unit operation in-process is 35 ℃.
When the fermented materials are piled up in the S5, attention needs to be paid to the size of the fermented piles, fermentation is affected if the size of the fermented piles is too small, the height of the flat-top trapezoidal pile is 1.2-1.5 meters, the height of the pointed conical pile is 1.5-2 meters, the width of the pointed conical pile is 2-2.5 meters, the length of the pointed conical pile is 2-4 meters, the flat-top trapezoidal pile is taken as the minimum standard, the materials are piled up proportionally, and the fermentation effect is good.
The temperature control device is arranged at the lower side of the fermentation tank in the S5, the initial temperature of the fermented product is more than or equal to 15-20 ℃, and the initial optimum temperature of the fermented product is 30 ℃.
The stirring device in the S3 is provided with a temperature adjusting and regulating device, the raw materials in the stirring device are stably controlled through temperature adjustment, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the raw materials rises due to heat energy generated by stirring in the stirring process is prevented.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation function includes the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the following steps of selecting materials, namely 15 parts of diatomite, 30 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10 parts of a soil activator, 40 parts of rapeseed cakes, 30 parts of furfural residues, 30 parts of gypsum, 20 parts of slaked lime, 20 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 347 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 30 parts of cottonseed meal, 15 parts of urea, 50 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 70 parts of grass peat, 15 parts of oyster shell powder, 20 parts of silicon calcium potassium magnesium fertilizer, 20 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 150 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag materials, 30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 20 parts of microbial inoculum, 50 parts of straw residues, 30 parts of seaweed residues and 30 parts of chicken manure;
s2: crushing the materials, namely sequentially placing 30 parts of the oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 20 parts of hydrated lime, 347 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70 parts of grass peat and 30 parts of chicken manure in the S1 into a crusher to crush the materials into smaller particles, filtering the materials by a filtering device after crushing to obtain crushed raw materials, wherein the filtering device is a filtering plate, and the filtering aperture of the filtering plate is 100 meshes;
s3: mixing the materials, namely placing 5-10 parts of the soil activator, 150 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 10 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 15 parts of urea, 50 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 15 parts of oyster shell powder and 20 parts of microbial inoculum in S1 into a stirring barrel, dissolving the materials into water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4, stirring the materials for 3min, standing the materials for 50min, and fully mixing and stirring the stirring device for 30min after the standing is finished to obtain a mixed raw material;
s4: performing secondary crushing on the materials, namely crushing 15 parts of the algae soil obtained in the step S1, 40 parts of rapeseed cakes, 30 parts of furfural residues, 30 parts of gypsum, 20 parts of vermiculite, 30 parts of cottonseed meal, 20 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 50 parts of straw residues and 30 parts of seaweed residues by using a crushing device, filtering by using a filtering device after crushing is finished, wherein the filtering device is a 150-mesh filtering net, mixing the crushed raw materials obtained in the step S2 in a mixing device for 20-30min at a mixing speed of 300r/min, taking out the mixture after mixing is finished to obtain a fermented material,
s5: fermenting the materials, placing the fermented materials obtained from S4 in a fermentation tank, piling the fermented materials in the fermentation tank, taking out part of the mixed raw materials obtained from S3, spraying the part of the mixed raw materials to the upper side of the fermented materials, wherein the initial humidity of the fermented materials is 50-60%, properly supplying oxygen and turning over the piles during the fermentation process, turning over the materials in time when the temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃ or above, generally turning over the materials for 3 times, controlling the temperature to be about 65 ℃, influencing nutrients due to too high temperature, completing the fermentation, generally increasing the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after the materials are piled up for 48 hours, and reaching more than 65 ℃ on the third day, turning over once at the high temperature, wherein the high temperature of more than 65 ℃ appears twice in the fermentation process under the general condition, the fermentation can be completed after 2-3 times of turning over, the fermentation can be completed within 10 days normally, the material is black brown, and the temperature begins to be reduced to the normal temperature to obtain a fertilizer making raw material;
s6: and (4) drying and storing, namely drying the fertilizer preparation raw material obtained in the step S5 until the moisture content is 16 wt%, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain an organic fertilizer, packaging and storing at low temperature.
30 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 20 parts of hydrated lime, 347 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70 parts of grass peat and 30 parts of chicken manure in the S1 are dried before use, and the water content is less than or equal to 15% in the use process.
S1, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is an alkaloid mixture extracted from radix sophorae flavescentis, tobacco stems and pyrethrum, the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: MgO, CaO, SiO2 and P205, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the seaweed-containing bag comprises, by weight, 15 parts of MgO, 20 parts of CaO, 225 parts of SiO and 20520 parts of P, wherein the well-decomposed edible fungus bag comprises one or two of a well-decomposed mushroom bag material and a black fungus bag material, the moisture content of seaweed residues is 45%, and the straw residues are obtained by crushing one or more of wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws and sorghum straws.
In S3 the agitating unit be provided with stainless steel agitator and stainless steel puddler, the functioning speed of agitating unit puddler is 400r/min, agitating unit inside is provided with temperature control device, the temperature of agitating unit operation in-process is 33 ℃.
When the fermented materials are piled up in the S5, attention needs to be paid to the size of the fermented piles, fermentation is affected if the size of the fermented piles is too small, the height of the flat-top trapezoidal pile is 1.2-1.5 meters, the height of the pointed conical pile is 1.5-2 meters, the width of the pointed conical pile is 2-2.5 meters, the length of the pointed conical pile is 2-4 meters, the flat-top trapezoidal pile is taken as the minimum standard, the materials are piled up proportionally, and the fermentation effect is good.
The temperature control device is arranged at the lower side of the fermentation tank in the S5, the initial temperature of the fermented product is more than or equal to 15-20 ℃, and the initial optimum temperature of the fermented product is 40 ℃.
The stirring device in the S3 is provided with a temperature adjusting and regulating device, the raw materials in the stirring device are stably controlled through temperature adjustment, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the raw materials rises due to heat energy generated by stirring in the stirring process is prevented.
Four rice farmlands with the same area are selected, a commercially available organic fertilizer is selected as a control group, wheat is selected as a test plant, and under the condition of the same soil fertility condition, fertilizing amount and field management measures, the results are as follows, wherein one farmland uses a common commercially available organic fertilizer, one farmland uses the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function in the embodiment 1 of the invention, one farmland uses the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function in the embodiment 2 of the invention, and one farmland uses the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function in the embodiment 3 of the invention, and comparison shows that: the farmland using the organic fertilizer with the soil restoration and conditioning function in the embodiment 2 of the invention has the advantages of high fertility, high rice germination speed, healthy plants, glossy seedlings and high growth speed, compared with the farmland using the organic fertilizer sold in the market, the internodes of the base parts of the stems are obviously shortened, the effective spike number, the total grain number, the maturing rate, the actual thousand grain number and the actual yield of wheat can be improved, data are obtained according to four test fields and the test fields distributed to cooperators, and the organic fertilizer with the soil restoration and conditioning function produced in the embodiment 2 has the best effect.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer with a soil remediation and conditioning function is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps;
s1: the material selection comprises 10-15 parts of algae soil, 20-30 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 5-10 parts of soil activator, 30-40 parts of rapeseed cake, 20-30 parts of furfural residue, 20-30 parts of gypsum, 10-20 parts of hydrated lime, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 400 parts of pig manure and 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 30-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-25 parts of urea, 50-70 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 70-90 parts of turf, 10-15 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-60 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 20-35 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material 150-containing materials, 10-30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 10-20 parts of microbial inoculum, 40-50 parts of straw residues, 20-30 parts of seaweed residues and 15-30 parts of chicken manure;
s2: crushing the materials, namely sequentially placing 20-30 parts of the oil shale in S1, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10-20 parts of hydrated lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud, 70-90 parts of grass carbon and 15-30 parts of chicken manure in a crusher to crush the materials into smaller particles, filtering the materials through a filtering device after crushing to obtain crushed raw materials, wherein the filtering device is a filtering plate, and the filtering pore size of the filtering plate is 80-100 meshes;
s3: mixing the materials, namely placing 5-10 parts of the soil activator, 200 parts of decomposed edible fungus bag material, 10-20 parts of silicon smokeless soil conditioner, 15-25 parts of urea, 50-70 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20-35 parts of biocontrol microbial inoculum, 10-15 parts of oyster shell powder and 10-20 parts of microbial inoculum in S1 into a stirring barrel, dissolving the materials into water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4, stirring the materials for 2-3min, standing the mixture for 30-50min, and fully mixing and stirring the stirring device for 20-30min after the standing is finished to obtain a mixed raw material;
s4: performing secondary crushing on the materials, namely crushing 10-15 parts of the algae soil obtained from S1, 30-40 parts of rapeseed cakes, 20-30 parts of furfural residues, 20-30 parts of gypsum, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 30-50 parts of cottonseed meal, 20-60 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 10-30 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 40-50 parts of straw residues and 20-30 parts of algae residues by using a crushing device, filtering by using a filtering device after crushing is finished, wherein the filtering device is a filtering net with 200 meshes of 150 meshes, placing the crushed raw materials obtained from S2 into a mixing device for mixing after filtering is finished, mixing for 20-30min during the mixing process, wherein the mixing speed is 300r/min of 150 meshes, taking out the materials after mixing is finished to obtain the fermentation materials,
s5: fermenting the materials, placing the fermented materials obtained from S4 in a fermentation tank, piling the fermented materials in the fermentation tank, taking out part of the mixed raw materials obtained from S3, spraying the part of the mixed raw materials to the upper side of the fermented materials, wherein the initial humidity of the fermented materials is 50-60%, properly supplying oxygen and turning over the piles during the fermentation process, turning over the materials in time when the temperature is increased to 60-70 ℃ or above, generally turning over the materials for 3 times, controlling the temperature to be about 65 ℃, influencing nutrients due to too high temperature, completing the fermentation, generally increasing the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after the materials are piled up for 48 hours, and reaching more than 65 ℃ on the third day, turning over once at the high temperature, wherein the high temperature of more than 65 ℃ appears twice in the fermentation process under the general condition, the fermentation can be completed after 2-3 times of turning over, the fermentation can be completed within 10 days normally, the material is black brown, and the temperature begins to be reduced to the normal temperature to obtain a fertilizer making raw material;
s6: and (4) drying and storing, namely drying the fertilizer preparation raw material obtained in the step S5 until the moisture content is 13-16 wt%, crushing, sieving with a 20-50-mesh sieve to obtain an organic fertilizer, packaging and storing at low temperature.
2. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 20-30 parts of oil shale, 300 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 70-90 parts of grass peat, 10-20 parts of slaked lime, 400 parts of pig manure, 30-50 parts of sugar mill filter mud and 15-30 parts of chicken manure in S1 need to be dried before use, and the water content is less than or equal to 15% in the use process.
3. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is an alkaloid mixture extracted from radix sophorae flavescentis, tobacco stems and pyrethrum, the microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: MgO, CaO, SiO2 and P205, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the edible fungus bag material comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of MgO, 15-20 parts of CaO, 215-25 parts of SiO and 20-30 parts of P205, the decomposed edible fungus bag material comprises one or two of decomposed mushroom bag material and black fungus bag material, the water content of seaweed residues is 40-45%, and the straw residues are obtained by crushing one or more of wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws and sorghum straws.
4. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the stirring device in the S3 is provided with a stainless steel stirring barrel and a stainless steel stirring rod, the running speed of the stirring rod of the stirring device is 300-500r/min, a temperature control device is arranged in the stirring device, and the temperature of the stirring device in the running process is 25-40 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: when the fermented materials are piled up in the S5, attention needs to be paid to the size of the fermented piles, fermentation is affected if the size of the fermented piles is too small, the height of the flat-top trapezoidal pile is 1.2-1.5 meters, the height of the pointed conical pile is 1.5-2 meters, the width of the pointed conical pile is 2-2.5 meters, the length of the pointed conical pile is 2-4 meters, the flat-top trapezoidal pile is taken as the minimum standard, the materials are piled up proportionally, and the fermentation effect is good.
6. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the temperature control device is arranged at the lower side of the fermentation tank in the S5, the initial temperature of the fermented product is more than or equal to 15-20 ℃, and the initial optimum temperature of the fermented product is 30-40 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer with the soil remediation and conditioning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the stirring device in the S3 is provided with a temperature adjusting and regulating device, the raw materials in the stirring device are stably controlled through temperature adjustment, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the raw materials rises due to heat energy generated by stirring in the stirring process is prevented.
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| CN108840766A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112174754A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南中科三元生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for soil regulation and remediation and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108840766A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112174754A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南中科三元生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for soil regulation and remediation and preparation method thereof |
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