CN113768893A - 一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制备领域,涉及一种新型复合载体材料,具体涉及一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片及其制备方法。所述微囊饮片是以聚γ‑谷氨酸/壳聚糖为载体,负载中药提取物制备而成;所述中药提取物通过以下质量百分比的原料提取而成:蓝莓、杏仁、朝鲜蓟、牛肝菌、玫瑰茄的花萼、香菜提取物、西兰花。本发明制备的γ‑PGA‑CS微囊饮片,对于包埋的中药成分具有良好的缓释效果,载药量高,同时包埋多种药物,具有很高的生物利用度,可以在最大程度上降低副作用而实现预防和改善心血管疾病的功效,具有预防改善心血管疾病的中药共同发挥作用,副作用低,见效更快。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制备领域,涉及一种新型复合载体材料,具体涉及一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片及其制备方法。
背景技术
心血管疾病是一种严重威胁人类,特别是50岁以上中老年人健康的常见疾病,具有高患病率、高致残率和高死亡率的特点,即使应用目前最先进、完善的治疗手段,仍有一些不能痊愈的病患,全世界每年死于心脑血管疾病的人数高达1500万人,居各种死因首位。心血管疾病的常见症状有:心悸、气短、端坐呼吸、夜间阵发性呼吸困难、胸骨后的压迫性或紧缩性疼痛、胸闷不适、水肿、发绀、晕厥、咳嗽咯血、虚弱、嗳气、上腹痛、恶心、呕吐;左后背痛、左手臂痛等。对于心血管疾病的控制和预防是当务之急,在中医上有很多治愈了一些高血压、冠心病的例子,由此可见,对于一些心血管疾病利用中药也会达到更好的预防和改善效果。
其中,从种类众多,功效多样的中药材中选取一些具有明显预防以及保护心血管功效的中药。像是蓝莓,准确来说属于水果,但也不能忽视其重要的药用价值,蓝莓的果胶含量很高,能有效降低胆固醇,防止动脉粥样硬化,促进心血管健康;也有研究证明,蓝莓的花青素具有降血脂和抗氧化生物活性,可以阻碍由胶原和花生烯酸等引起的血小板凝固,从而有预防血管内血小板凝固引起脑血栓的功效;同时还可以保护血管,增强血管的抵抗力,降低毛细血管的脆性,保持血管的通透性,增强毛细血管、静脉,动脉的机能,增进系统循环,降低心血管族病的发病率。还有杏仁,杏仁含有丰富的黄酮类和多酚类成分,这种成分不但能够降低人体内胆固醇的含量,还能显著降低心脏病和很多慢性病的发病危险。朝鲜蓟,它最为明显的价值是促进肝功能的恢复及提高,还有促进毒素的排出,但是它也有降血脂、胆固醇的功能,对于预防一些心血管疾病很重要。西兰花其中的类黄酮物质,则对高血压、心脏病有调节和预防的功用。同时,西兰花属于高纤维蔬菜,能有效降低肠胃对葡萄糖的吸收,进而降低血糖,有效控制糖尿病的病情。另外,牛肝菌、玫瑰茄花萼以及香菜的提取物等都具有一定降血压、血脂的功能,对于预防心血管疾病有一定的作用
这些中药的药效价值都很高,,如何提高药物的利用度及生物活性成为了亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片,该γ-PGA-CS微囊饮片利用了聚γ-谷氨酸和壳聚糖,增强了彼此的生物相容性使其更好地被机体吸收,由于聚γ-谷氨酸的存在因此也具有良好的分散性。
本发明还提供了一种上述微囊饮片的制备方法。
本发明为了实现上述目的所采用的技术方案为:
本发明提供了一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片,所述微囊饮片是以聚γ-谷氨酸/壳聚糖为载体,负载中药提取物制备而成;
所述中药提取物通过以下质量百分比的原料提取而成:蓝莓21%、杏仁13%、朝鲜蓟17%、牛肝菌6%、玫瑰茄的花萼9%、香菜提取物15%、西兰花19%。
本发明还提供了一种微囊饮片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料按照比例混合后进行冷冻干燥得到混合粉末,将混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到溶液B;
(2)将壳聚糖溶解在醋酸溶液中得到混合溶液C,然后向混合溶液C中加入溶液B,搅拌,超声后得到溶液D;向溶液D中加入甲苯,超声后离心,超纯水重悬后得到溶液E;
(3)将聚γ-谷氨酸加入水配置成聚γ-谷氨酸溶液F,向溶液E中加入溶液F,搅拌超声,旋转蒸发后得到混合溶液G;
(4)调节溶液G的pH值在7-7.5左右,摇床反应后离心,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
进一步的,步骤(1)中,所述溶液B的浓度为0.5 -3mg/mL。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述混合溶液C的浓度为1-3%;所述醋酸溶液的浓度为1%;所述溶液B和混合溶液C的体积比为3-5:1。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述甲苯与混合溶液C的体积比为1:1。
进一步的,步骤(3)中,所述聚γ-谷氨酸溶液F的浓度为1-5mg/mL;所述溶液E和溶液F的体积比为:1:3-7;所述搅拌是以500-2000r/min的转速搅拌10-15min。
进一步的,所述旋转蒸发利用旋转蒸发仪,条件为:在150-175hPa条件下旋蒸温度设置为40-60℃;所述超声为150-200W的功率下超声10min。
进一步的,步骤(4)中,所述摇床反应的条件为在温度37℃下,180r/min反应2-6h。
本发明利用聚γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)和壳聚糖来构建复合药物载体。聚γ-谷氨酸生物相容性优良,低免疫原性,无毒副作用,是作为药物载体方面的巨大优势。壳聚糖(CS)结构中含有羟基、氨基,正电荷密度高,有利于细胞的粘附,且价廉易得,无毒无味。壳聚糖作为药物载体可以稳定药物中的成分,促进药物吸收,延缓或控制药物的溶解速度,帮助药物达到靶器官,并且抗酸、抗溃疡,防止药物对胃的刺激。本发明所使用的香菜提取物为市售购买即可。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明使用的聚γ-谷氨酸和壳聚糖为无色无毒无味且易降解的微生物发酵提取物,γ-PGA 的羧基与CS的氨基具有很高的配位系数,结构稳定,增加了药物在其内的稳定性,并具有很好的缓释效果以及生物相容性,使药物的生物利用度更高。
(2)本发明制备的γ-PGA-CS微囊饮片,对于包埋的中药成分具有良好的缓释效果,载药量高,同时包埋多种药物,具有很高的生物利用度,可以在最大程度上降低副作用而实现预防和改善心血管疾病的功效,具有预防改善心血管疾病的中药共同发挥作用,副作用低,见效更快。
(3)本发明制备的γ-PGA-CS微囊饮片制备方法简单,原料成本较低,应用范围广。
附图说明
图1为载药量标准曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合冷冻干燥成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如表1所示:
表1
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为0.5mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为1%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(4)向第(3)步中的溶液中按照体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的壳聚糖微球;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为1mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,体积比为1:3,搅拌超声,150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.2,放于摇床上反应2h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
实施例2
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合冷冻干燥成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如实施例1:
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为1mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为2%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(4)向第(3)步中的溶液中按照体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的壳聚糖微球;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为2mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,体积比为1:4,搅拌超声,150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.2,放于摇床上反应3h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
实施例3
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合并碾碎成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如实施例1:
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为1.5mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为3%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(4)向第(3)步中的溶液中按照体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的壳聚糖微球;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为3mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,体积比为1:5,搅拌超声,150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.4,放于摇床上反应4h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
实施例4
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合并碾碎成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如实施例1:
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为2mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为1.5%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(4)向第(3)步中的溶液中按照体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的壳聚糖微球;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为4mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,体积比为1:6,搅拌超声,150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.0,放于摇床上反应5h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
实施例5
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合并碾碎成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如实施例1:
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为3mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为2.5%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(4)向第(3)步中的溶液中按照体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的壳聚糖微球;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为5mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,体积比为1:7,搅拌超声,150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.2,放于摇床上反应6h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
对比例1
(1)将各种中药成分按照比例混合冷冻干燥成粉末,得到混合粉末,比例如实施例1:
(2)由于一些中药的难溶性,所以将中药混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到浓度为0.5mg/mL中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖溶解在1%的醋酸溶液中得到浓度为1%的壳聚糖溶液,然后向壳聚糖溶液中加入中药混合溶液,搅拌,150W超声10min;
(5)将聚γ-谷氨酸配置成浓度约为1mg/mL的聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,向第(4)步骤的溶液中加入聚γ-谷氨酸溶液,按照同壳聚糖溶液体积比为1:1的比例加入甲苯进行化学交联,进行超声,离心,超纯水重悬后得到包裹中药的微球;
150W超声10min,得到的溶液在旋转蒸发仪上将乙醇、甲苯蒸发干净;
(6)用PBS缓冲液调节(5)步溶液的PH值在7.2,放于摇床上反应2h后进行离心10min,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
通过对实施例及对比例中制得的凝胶样品,我们进行了以下实验:
1、载药量测定实验:(1)标准曲线的测定:取中药混合粉末溶于甲醇中,配制浓度分别为0、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5μg/mL在597nm处测其OD值。
(2)载药量检测:将实施例1-5和对比例1制得的微囊样品置于试管中,用甲醇溶解后,在597nm处测OD值,计算出载药量。标准曲线以及实验结果见图1和表2:
表2
根据实验数据可以看出实例都具有相对较高的载药量。
2、药物释放检测实验:将实施例1-5制得的微囊饮片样品置于试管中,保持37℃恒温条件,分别加入25ml磷酸缓冲盐溶液,取第0、4、8、12、24h处的上清液,利用紫外分光光度计来测定每一个时间段中溶液中出现的中药成分浓度,实验结果见表3。
表3
从实验数据中可以看出载体的药物缓释效果很好,达到了药物缓释,提高药物利用率的效果。
3、大鼠心肌梗塞模型建立并对其凋亡细胞检测:
(1)选取30只大鼠,分为6组,每组5只,分别给予生理盐水和5个实施例得到的中药饮片进行适应性喂养1个星期。
(2)将大鼠用3%的戊巴比妥钠静脉麻醉,仰位固定,沿胸骨中线切开皮肤,暴露胸骨,沿胸骨左缘剪断第一肋软骨,在不损伤胸膜的情况下,小开胸器轻轻撑开胸腔切口,可见心包和搏动的心脏,提起心包膜用眼科剪将心包前壁剪开,止血钳将左心耳轻轻提起小号持针器持眼科圆针在冠状动脉前降支根部较深 处穿一线进行结扎,心电监护示ST段明显抬高,确定结扎成功,除心包膜外逐层缝合切口后用纱布覆盖切口。
(3)模型制备成功后,打开腹腔行腹主动脉插管。剪破右心耳,快速推注冷肝素盐水肝素后,快速推注4%多聚甲醛至右心耳流出液变清,然后静滴4%多 聚甲醛2h。完毕后取心脏,置于4%多聚甲醛4℃过夜,然后进行常规的石蜡包埋切片。
(4)细胞凋亡检测,利用TUNEL细胞凋亡检测试剂盒检测凋亡细胞,在200倍高倍镜下选择细胞总数大于200个的视野计算出阳性细胞率(阳性细胞数/细胞总数)。实验结果如下表4。
表4
从实验结果可以看出来,喂食了中药饮片的实验组在进行心肌梗塞模型后,心脏细胞凋亡率明显比对照低,说明该组合物具有一定的能够预防和改善心血管疾病的功效。
Claims (8)
1.一种包埋预防和改善心血管疾病成分的微囊饮片,其特征在于,所述微囊饮片是以聚γ-谷氨酸/壳聚糖为载体,负载中药提取物制备而成;
所述中药提取物通过以下质量百分比的原料提取而成:蓝莓21%、杏仁13%、朝鲜蓟17%、牛肝菌6%、玫瑰茄的花萼9%、香菜提取物15%、西兰花19%。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的微囊饮片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料按照比例混合后进行冷冻干燥得到混合粉末,将混合粉末溶于无水乙醇中,得到溶液B;
(2)将壳聚糖溶解在醋酸溶液中得到混合溶液C,然后向混合溶液C中加入溶液B,搅拌,超声后得到溶液D;向溶液D中加入甲苯,超声后离心,超纯水重悬后得到溶液E;
(3)将聚γ-谷氨酸加入水配置成聚γ-谷氨酸溶液F,向溶液E中加入溶液F,搅拌超声,旋转蒸发后得到混合溶液G;
(4)调节溶液G的pH值在7-7.5左右,摇床反应后离心,清洗后冷冻干燥成粉末,然后进入压片机制备成微囊饮片。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述溶液B的浓度为0.5 -3mg/mL。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述混合溶液C的浓度为1-3%;所述醋酸溶液的浓度为1%;所述溶液B和混合溶液C的体积比为3-5:1。
5.根据权利要求2或4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述甲苯与混合溶液C的体积比为1:1。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述聚γ-谷氨酸溶液F的浓度为1-5mg/mL;所述溶液E和溶液F的体积比为:1:3-7;所述搅拌是以500-2000r/min的转速搅拌10-15min。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述旋转蒸发利用旋转蒸发仪,条件为:在150-175hPa条件下旋蒸温度设置为40-60℃;所述超声为150-200W的功率下超声10min。
8.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述摇床反应的条件为在温度37℃下,180r/min反应2-6h。
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